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<!-- Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc.                                -->
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<!-- and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0  -->
<!-- or later (the latest version is presently available at          -->
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><DIV
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><H1
><A
NAME="FILEIO-SOCKETS">Chapter 26. Sockets</H1
><P
>If a network stack is present, then the FILEIO infrastructure also
provides access to the standard BSD socket calls.</P
><P
>The netstack table contains entries which describe the network
protocol stacks that are in the system image. Each resident stack
should export an entry to this table using the
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NSTAB_ENTRY()</TT
> macro.</P
><P
>Each table entry has the following structure:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="5"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
WIDTH="70%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>struct cyg_nstab_entry
{
    cyg_bool            valid;          // true if stack initialized
    cyg_uint32          syncmode;       // synchronization protocol
    char                *name;          // stack name
    char                *devname;       // hardware device name
    CYG_ADDRWORD        data;           // private data value
 
    int     (*init)( cyg_nstab_entry *nste );
    int     (*socket)( cyg_nstab_entry *nste, int domain, int type,
                       int protocol, cyg_file *file );
};</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>This table is analogous to a combination of the filesystem and mount
tables.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
><I
>valid</I
></TT
> field is set
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>true</TT
> if the stack's <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>init()</TT
>
function returned successfully and the
<TT
CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
><I
>syncmode</I
></TT
> field contains the
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CYG_SYNCMODE_SOCK_*</TT
> bits described above.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> field contains the name of the
protocol stack.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
><I
>devname</I
></TT
> field names the device that the stack is using. This may
reference a device under &quot;/dev&quot;, or may be a name that is only
meaningful to the stack itself.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>init()</TT
> function pointer is called during
system initialization to start the protocol stack running. If it
returns non-zero the <TT
CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
><I
>valid</I
></TT
> field is set
false and the stack will be ignored subsequently.</P
><P
>The <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>socket()</TT
> function is called to attempt to create a socket in the
stack. When the <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>socket()</TT
> API function is called the netstack table is
scanned and for each valid entry the <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>socket()</TT
>
function pointer is called. If
this returns non-zero then the scan continues to the next valid stack,
or terminates with an error if the end of the table is reached.</P
><P
>The result of a successful socket call is an initialized file object
with the <TT
CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"
><I
>f_xops</I
></TT
> field pointing to the
following structure:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="5"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
WIDTH="70%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>struct cyg_sock_ops
{
    int (*bind)      ( cyg_file *fp, const sockaddr *sa, socklen_t len );
    int (*connect)   ( cyg_file *fp, const sockaddr *sa, socklen_t len );
    int (*accept)    ( cyg_file *fp, cyg_file *new_fp,
                       struct sockaddr *name, socklen_t *anamelen );
    int (*listen)    ( cyg_file *fp, int len );
    int (*getname)   ( cyg_file *fp, sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *len, int peer );
    int (*shutdown)  ( cyg_file *fp, int flags );
    int (*getsockopt)( cyg_file *fp, int level, int optname,
                       void *optval, socklen_t *optlen);
    int (*setsockopt)( cyg_file *fp, int level, int optname,
                       const void *optval, socklen_t optlen);
    int (*sendmsg)   ( cyg_file *fp, const struct msghdr *m,
                       int flags, ssize_t *retsize );
    int (*recvmsg)   ( cyg_file *fp, struct msghdr *m,
                       socklen_t *namelen, ssize_t *retsize );
};</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>It should be obvious from the names of these functions which API calls
they provide support for. The <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>getname()</TT
> function
pointer provides support for both <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>getsockname()</TT
>
and <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>getpeername()</TT
> while the
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>sendmsg()</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>recvmsg()</TT
>
function pointers provide support for <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>send()</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>sendto()</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>sendmsg()</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>recv()</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>recvfrom()</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>recvmsg()</TT
> as appropriate.</P
></DIV
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><HR
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Line No.	Rev	Author	Line
1	28	unneback	`<!-- Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc. -->`
2			`<!-- This material may be distributed only subject to the terms -->`
3			`<!-- and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 -->`
4			`<!-- or later (the latest version is presently available at -->`
5			`<!-- http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/). -->`
6			`<!-- Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any -->`
7			`<!-- standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior -->`
8			`<!-- permission is obtained from the copyright holder. -->`
9			`<HTML`
10			`><HEAD`
11			`><TITLE`
12			`>Sockets</TITLE`
13			`><meta name="MSSmartTagsPreventParsing" content="TRUE">`
14			`<META`
15			`NAME="GENERATOR"`
16			`CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+`
17			`"><LINK`
18			`REL="HOME"`
19			`TITLE="eCos Reference Manual"`
20			`HREF="ecos-ref.html"><LINK`
21			`REL="UP"`
22			`TITLE="File System Support Infrastructure"`
23			`HREF="fileio.html"><LINK`
24			`REL="PREVIOUS"`
25			`TITLE="Initialization and Mounting"`
26			`HREF="fileio-mounting.html"><LINK`
27			`REL="NEXT"`
28			`TITLE="Select"`
29			`HREF="fileio-select.html"></HEAD`
30			`><BODY`
31			`CLASS="CHAPTER"`
32			`BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"`
33			`TEXT="#000000"`
34			`LINK="#0000FF"`
35			`VLINK="#840084"`
36			`ALINK="#0000FF"`
37			`><DIV`
38			`CLASS="NAVHEADER"`
39			`><TABLE`
40			`SUMMARY="Header navigation table"`
41			`WIDTH="100%"`
42			`BORDER="0"`
43			`CELLPADDING="0"`
44			`CELLSPACING="0"`
45			`><TR`
46			`><TH`
47			`COLSPAN="3"`
48			`ALIGN="center"`
49			`>eCos Reference Manual</TH`
50			`></TR`
51			`><TR`
52			`><TD`
53			`WIDTH="10%"`
54			`ALIGN="left"`
55			`VALIGN="bottom"`
56			`><A`
57			`HREF="fileio-mounting.html"`
58			`ACCESSKEY="P"`
59			`>Prev</A`
60			`></TD`
61			`><TD`
62			`WIDTH="80%"`
63			`ALIGN="center"`
64			`VALIGN="bottom"`
65			`></TD`
66			`><TD`
67			`WIDTH="10%"`
68			`ALIGN="right"`
69			`VALIGN="bottom"`
70			`><A`
71			`HREF="fileio-select.html"`
72			`ACCESSKEY="N"`
73			`>Next</A`
74			`></TD`
75			`></TR`
76			`></TABLE`
77			`><HR`
78			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
79			`WIDTH="100%"></DIV`
80			`><DIV`
81			`CLASS="CHAPTER"`
82			`><H1`
83			`><A`
84			`NAME="FILEIO-SOCKETS">Chapter 26. Sockets</H1`
85			`><P`
86			`>If a network stack is present, then the FILEIO infrastructure also`
87			`provides access to the standard BSD socket calls.</P`
88			`><P`
89			`>The netstack table contains entries which describe the network`
90			`protocol stacks that are in the system image. Each resident stack`
91			`should export an entry to this table using the`
92			`<TT`
93			`CLASS="LITERAL"`
94			`>NSTAB_ENTRY()</TT`
95			`> macro.</P`
96			`><P`
97			`>Each table entry has the following structure:</P`
98			`><TABLE`
99			`BORDER="5"`
100			`BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"`
101			`WIDTH="70%"`
102			`><TR`
103			`><TD`
104			`><PRE`
105			`CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"`
106			`>struct cyg_nstab_entry`
107			`{`
108			`cyg_bool valid; // true if stack initialized`
109			`cyg_uint32 syncmode; // synchronization protocol`
110			`char *name; // stack name`
111			`char *devname; // hardware device name`
112			`CYG_ADDRWORD data; // private data value`
113
114			`int (init)( cyg_nstab_entry nste );`
115			`int (socket)( cyg_nstab_entry nste, int domain, int type,`
116			`int protocol, cyg_file *file );`
117			`};</PRE`
118			`></TD`
119			`></TR`
120			`></TABLE`
121			`><P`
122			`>This table is analogous to a combination of the filesystem and mount`
123			`tables.</P`
124			`><P`
125			`>The <TT`
126			`CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"`
127			`><I`
128			`>valid</I`
129			`></TT`
130			`> field is set`
131			`<TT`
132			`CLASS="LITERAL"`
133			`>true</TT`
134			`> if the stack's <TT`
135			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
136			`>init()</TT`
137			`>`
138			`function returned successfully and the`
139			`<TT`
140			`CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"`
141			`><I`
142			`>syncmode</I`
143			`></TT`
144			`> field contains the`
145			`<TT`
146			`CLASS="LITERAL"`
147			`>CYG_SYNCMODE_SOCK_*</TT`
148			`> bits described above.</P`
149			`><P`
150			`>The <TT`
151			`CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"`
152			`><I`
153			`>name</I`
154			`></TT`
155			`> field contains the name of the`
156			`protocol stack.</P`
157			`><P`
158			`>The <TT`
159			`CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"`
160			`><I`
161			`>devname</I`
162			`></TT`
163			`> field names the device that the stack is using. This may`
164			`reference a device under "/dev", or may be a name that is only`
165			`meaningful to the stack itself.</P`
166			`><P`
167			`>The <TT`
168			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
169			`>init()</TT`
170			`> function pointer is called during`
171			`system initialization to start the protocol stack running. If it`
172			`returns non-zero the <TT`
173			`CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"`
174			`><I`
175			`>valid</I`
176			`></TT`
177			`> field is set`
178			`false and the stack will be ignored subsequently.</P`
179			`><P`
180			`>The <TT`
181			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
182			`>socket()</TT`
183			`> function is called to attempt to create a socket in the`
184			`stack. When the <TT`
185			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
186			`>socket()</TT`
187			`> API function is called the netstack table is`
188			`scanned and for each valid entry the <TT`
189			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
190			`>socket()</TT`
191			`>`
192			`function pointer is called. If`
193			`this returns non-zero then the scan continues to the next valid stack,`
194			`or terminates with an error if the end of the table is reached.</P`
195			`><P`
196			`>The result of a successful socket call is an initialized file object`
197			`with the <TT`
198			`CLASS="STRUCTFIELD"`
199			`><I`
200			`>f_xops</I`
201			`></TT`
202			`> field pointing to the`
203			`following structure:</P`
204			`><TABLE`
205			`BORDER="5"`
206			`BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"`
207			`WIDTH="70%"`
208			`><TR`
209			`><TD`
210			`><PRE`
211			`CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"`
212			`>struct cyg_sock_ops`
213			`{`
214			`int (bind) ( cyg_file fp, const sockaddr *sa, socklen_t len );`
215			`int (connect) ( cyg_file fp, const sockaddr *sa, socklen_t len );`
216			`int (accept) ( cyg_file fp, cyg_file *new_fp,`
217			`struct sockaddr name, socklen_t anamelen );`
218			`int (listen) ( cyg_file fp, int len );`
219			`int (getname) ( cyg_file fp, sockaddr sa, socklen_t len, int peer );`
220			`int (shutdown) ( cyg_file fp, int flags );`
221			`int (getsockopt)( cyg_file fp, int level, int optname,`
222			`void optval, socklen_t optlen);`
223			`int (setsockopt)( cyg_file fp, int level, int optname,`
224			`const void *optval, socklen_t optlen);`
225			`int (sendmsg) ( cyg_file fp, const struct msghdr *m,`
226			`int flags, ssize_t *retsize );`
227			`int (recvmsg) ( cyg_file fp, struct msghdr *m,`
228			`socklen_t namelen, ssize_t retsize );`
229			`};</PRE`
230			`></TD`
231			`></TR`
232			`></TABLE`
233			`><P`
234			`>It should be obvious from the names of these functions which API calls`
235			`they provide support for. The <TT`
236			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
237			`>getname()</TT`
238			`> function`
239			`pointer provides support for both <TT`
240			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
241			`>getsockname()</TT`
242			`>`
243			`and <TT`
244			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
245			`>getpeername()</TT`
246			`> while the`
247			`<TT`
248			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
249			`>sendmsg()</TT`
250			`> and <TT`
251			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
252			`>recvmsg()</TT`
253			`>`
254			`function pointers provide support for <TT`
255			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
256			`>send()</TT`
257			`>,`
258			`<TT`
259			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
260			`>sendto()</TT`
261			`>, <TT`
262			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
263			`>sendmsg()</TT`
264			`>,`
265			`<TT`
266			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
267			`>recv()</TT`
268			`>, <TT`
269			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
270			`>recvfrom()</TT`
271			`> and`
272			`<TT`
273			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
274			`>recvmsg()</TT`
275			`> as appropriate.</P`
276			`></DIV`
277			`><DIV`
278			`CLASS="NAVFOOTER"`
279			`><HR`
280			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
281			`WIDTH="100%"><TABLE`
282			`SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"`
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289			`WIDTH="33%"`
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291			`VALIGN="top"`
292			`><A`
293			`HREF="fileio-mounting.html"`
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321			`>Initialization and Mounting</TD`
322			`><TD`
323			`WIDTH="34%"`
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