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---------------------------------------------------------------------

----                                                             ----

----  WISHBONE revB2 I2C Master Core; bit-controller             ----

----                                                             ----

----                                                             ----

----  Author: Richard Herveille                                  ----

----          richard@asics.ws                                   ----

----          www.asics.ws                                       ----

----                                                             ----

----  Downloaded from: http://www.opencores.org/projects/i2c/    ----

----                                                             ----

---------------------------------------------------------------------

----                                                             ----

---- Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Herveille                        ----

----                    richard@asics.ws                         ----

----                                                             ----

---- This source file may be used and distributed without        ----

---- restriction provided that this copyright statement is not   ----

---- removed from the file and that any derivative work contains ----

---- the original copyright notice and the associated disclaimer.----

----                                                             ----

----     THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY     ----

---- EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED   ----

---- TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS   ----

---- FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR      ----

---- OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,         ----

---- INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES    ----

---- (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE   ----

---- GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR        ----

---- BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF  ----

---- LIABILITY, WHETHER IN  CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT  ----

---- (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT  ----

---- OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE         ----

---- POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.                                 ----

----                                                             ----

---------------------------------------------------------------------

--  CVS Log

--

--  $Id: i2c_master_bit_ctrl.vhd,v 1.12 2004-05-07 11:53:31 rherveille Exp $

--

--  $Date: 2004-05-07 11:53:31 $

--  $Revision: 1.12 $

--  $Author: rherveille $

--  $Locker:  $

--  $State: Exp $

--

-- Change History:

--               $Log: not supported by cvs2svn $

--               Revision 1.11  2004/05/07 11:04:00  rherveille

--               Fixed a bug where the core would signal an arbitration lost (AL bit set), when another master controls the bus and the other master generates a STOP bit.

--

--               Revision 1.10  2004/02/27 07:49:43  rherveille

--               Fixed a bug in the arbitration-lost signal generation. VHDL version only.

--

--               Revision 1.9  2003/08/12 14:48:37  rherveille

--               Forgot an 'end if' :-/

--

--               Revision 1.8  2003/08/09 07:01:13  rherveille

--               Fixed a bug in the Arbitration Lost generation caused by delay on the (external) sda line.

--               Fixed a potential bug in the byte controller's host-acknowledge generation.

--

--               Revision 1.7  2003/02/05 00:06:02  rherveille

--               Fixed a bug where the core would trigger an erroneous 'arbitration lost' interrupt after being reset, when the reset pulse width < 3 clk cycles.

--

--               Revision 1.6  2003/02/01 02:03:06  rherveille

--               Fixed a few 'arbitration lost' bugs. VHDL version only.

--

--               Revision 1.5  2002/12/26 16:05:47  rherveille

--               Core is now a Multimaster I2C controller.

--

--               Revision 1.4  2002/11/30 22:24:37  rherveille

--               Cleaned up code

--

--               Revision 1.3  2002/10/30 18:09:53  rherveille

--               Fixed some reported minor start/stop generation timing issuess.

--

--               Revision 1.2  2002/06/15 07:37:04  rherveille

--               Fixed a small timing bug in the bit controller.\nAdded verilog simulation environment.

--

--               Revision 1.1  2001/11/05 12:02:33  rherveille

--               Split i2c_master_core.vhd into separate files for each entity; same layout as verilog version.

--               Code updated, is now up-to-date to doc. rev.0.4.

--               Added headers.

--

--

-------------------------------------

-- Bit controller section

------------------------------------

--

-- Translate simple commands into SCL/SDA transitions

-- Each command has 5 states, A/B/C/D/idle

--

-- start:    SCL  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\____

--           SDA  XX/~~~~~~~\______

--                x | A | B | C | D | i

--

-- repstart  SCL  ______/~~~~~~~\___

--           SDA  __/~~~~~~~\______

--                x | A | B | C | D | i

--

-- stop      SCL  _______/~~~~~~~~~~~

--           SDA  ==\___________/~~~~~

--                x | A | B | C | D | i

--

--- write    SCL  ______/~~~~~~~\____

--           SDA  XXX===============XX

--                x | A | B | C | D | i

--

--- read     SCL  ______/~~~~~~~\____

--           SDA  XXXXXXX=XXXXXXXXXXX

--                x | A | B | C | D | i

--

-- Timing:      Normal mode     Fast mode

-----------------------------------------------------------------

-- Fscl         100KHz          400KHz

-- Th_scl       4.0us           0.6us   High period of SCL

-- Tl_scl       4.7us           1.3us   Low period of SCL

-- Tsu:sta      4.7us           0.6us   setup time for a repeated start condition

-- Tsu:sto      4.0us           0.6us   setup time for a stop conditon

-- Tbuf         4.7us           1.3us   Bus free time between a stop and start condition

--

library ieee;

use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

use ieee.std_logic_arith.all;

entity i2c_master_bit_ctrl is

        port (

                clk    : in std_logic;

                rst    : in std_logic;

                nReset : in std_logic;

                ena    : in std_logic;                          -- core enable signal

                clk_cnt : in unsigned(15 downto 0);              -- clock prescale value

                cmd     : in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);

                cmd_ack : out std_logic; -- command completed

                busy    : out std_logic; -- i2c bus busy

                al      : out std_logic; -- arbitration lost

                din  : in std_logic;

                dout : out std_logic;

                -- i2c lines

                scl_i   : in std_logic;  -- i2c clock line input

                scl_o   : out std_logic; -- i2c clock line output

                scl_oen : out std_logic; -- i2c clock line output enable, active low

                sda_i   : in std_logic;  -- i2c data line input

                sda_o   : out std_logic; -- i2c data line output

                sda_oen : out std_logic  -- i2c data line output enable, active low

        );

end entity i2c_master_bit_ctrl;

architecture structural of i2c_master_bit_ctrl is

        constant I2C_CMD_NOP    : std_logic_vector(3 downto 0) := "0000";

        constant I2C_CMD_START  : std_logic_vector(3 downto 0) := "0001";

        constant I2C_CMD_STOP   : std_logic_vector(3 downto 0) := "0010";

        constant I2C_CMD_READ   : std_logic_vector(3 downto 0) := "0100";

        constant I2C_CMD_WRITE  : std_logic_vector(3 downto 0) := "1000";

        type states is (idle, start_a, start_b, start_c, start_d, start_e,

                        stop_a, stop_b, stop_c, stop_d, rd_a, rd_b, rd_c, rd_d, wr_a, wr_b, wr_c, wr_d);

        signal c_state : states;

        signal iscl_oen, isda_oen : std_logic;          -- internal I2C lines

        signal sda_chk            : std_logic;          -- check SDA status (multi-master arbitration)

        signal dscl_oen           : std_logic;          -- delayed scl_oen signals

        signal sSCL, sSDA         : std_logic;          -- synchronized SCL and SDA inputs

        signal clk_en, slave_wait : std_logic;          -- clock generation signals

        signal ial                : std_logic;          -- internal arbitration lost signal

--      signal cnt : unsigned(15 downto 0) := clk_cnt;  -- clock divider counter (simulation)

        signal cnt : unsigned(15 downto 0);             -- clock divider counter (synthesis)

begin

        -- whenever the slave is not ready it can delay the cycle by pulling SCL low

        -- delay scl_oen

        process (clk)

        begin

            if (clk'event and clk = '1') then

              dscl_oen <= iscl_oen;

            end if;

        end process;

        slave_wait <= dscl_oen and not sSCL;

        -- generate clk enable signal

        gen_clken: process(clk, nReset)

        begin

            if (nReset = '0') then

              cnt    <= (others => '0');

              clk_en <= '1';

            elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then

              if (rst = '1') then

                cnt    <= (others => '0');

                clk_en <= '1';

              else

                if ( (cnt = 0) or (ena = '0') ) then

                  if (slave_wait = '0') then

                    cnt    <= clk_cnt;

                    clk_en <= '1';

                  else

                    cnt    <= cnt;

                    clk_en <= '0';

                  end if;

                else

                  if (slave_wait = '0') then

                    cnt <= cnt -1;

                  end if;

                  clk_en <= '0';

                end if;

              end if;

            end if;

        end process gen_clken;

        -- generate bus status controller

        bus_status_ctrl: block

          signal dSCL, dSDA          : std_logic;  -- delayes sSCL and sSDA

          signal sta_condition       : std_logic;  -- start detected

          signal sto_condition       : std_logic;  -- stop detected

          signal cmd_stop            : std_logic;  -- STOP command

          signal ibusy               : std_logic;  -- internal busy signal

        begin

            -- synchronize SCL and SDA inputs

            synch_scl_sda: process(clk, nReset)

            begin

                if (nReset = '0') then

                  sSCL <= '1';

                  sSDA <= '1';

                  dSCL <= '1';

                  dSDA <= '1';

                elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then

                  if (rst = '1') then

                    sSCL <= '1';

                    sSDA <= '1';

                    dSCL <= '1';

                    dSDA <= '1';

                  else

                    sSCL <= scl_i;

                    sSDA <= sda_i;

                    dSCL <= sSCL;

                    dSDA <= sSDA;

                  end if;

                end if;

            end process synch_SCL_SDA;

            -- detect start condition => detect falling edge on SDA while SCL is high

            -- detect stop condition  => detect rising edge on SDA while SCL is high

            detect_sta_sto: process(clk, nReset)

            begin

                if (nReset = '0') then

                  sta_condition <= '0';

                  sto_condition <= '0';

                elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then

                  if (rst = '1') then

                    sta_condition <= '0';

                    sto_condition <= '0';

                  else

                    sta_condition <= (not sSDA and dSDA) and sSCL;

                    sto_condition <= (sSDA and not dSDA) and sSCL;

                  end if;

                end if;

            end process detect_sta_sto;

            -- generate i2c-bus busy signal

            gen_busy: process(clk, nReset)

            begin

                if (nReset = '0') then

                  ibusy <= '0';

                elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then

                  if (rst = '1') then

                    ibusy <= '0';

                  else

                    ibusy <= (sta_condition or ibusy) and not sto_condition;

                  end if;

                end if;

            end process gen_busy;

            busy <= ibusy;

            -- generate arbitration lost signal

            -- aribitration lost when:

            -- 1) master drives SDA high, but the i2c bus is low

            -- 2) stop detected while not requested (detect during 'idle' state)

            gen_al: process(clk, nReset)

            begin

              if (nReset = '0') then

                cmd_stop  <= '0';

                ial       <= '0';

              elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then

                if (rst = '1') then

                  cmd_stop  <= '0';

                  ial       <= '0';

                else

                  if (clk_en = '1') then

                    if (cmd = I2C_CMD_STOP) then

                      cmd_stop <= '1';

                    else

                      cmd_stop <= '0';

                    end if;

                  end if;

                  if (c_state = idle) then

                    ial <= (sda_chk and not sSDA and isda_oen);

                  else

                    ial <= (sda_chk and not sSDA and isda_oen) or (sto_condition and not cmd_stop);

                  end if;

                end if;

              end if;

            end process gen_al;

            al <= ial;

            -- generate dout signal, store dout on rising edge of SCL

            gen_dout: process(clk)

            begin

              if (clk'event and clk = '1') then

                if (sSCL = '1' and dSCL = '0') then

                  dout <= sSDA;

                end if;

              end if;

            end process gen_dout;

        end block bus_status_ctrl;

        -- generate statemachine

        nxt_state_decoder : process (clk, nReset, c_state, cmd)

        begin

            if (nReset = '0') then

              c_state  <= idle;

              cmd_ack  <= '0';

              iscl_oen <= '1';

              isda_oen <= '1';

              sda_chk  <= '0';

            elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then

              if (rst = '1' or ial = '1') then

                c_state  <= idle;

                cmd_ack  <= '0';

                iscl_oen <= '1';

                isda_oen <= '1';

                sda_chk  <= '0';

              else

                cmd_ack <= '0'; -- default no acknowledge

                if (clk_en = '1') then

                  case (c_state) is

                     -- idle

                     when idle =>

                        case cmd is

                          when I2C_CMD_START => c_state <= start_a;

                          when I2C_CMD_STOP  => c_state <= stop_a;

                          when I2C_CMD_WRITE => c_state <= wr_a;

                          when I2C_CMD_READ  => c_state <= rd_a;

                          when others        => c_state <= idle; -- NOP command

                        end case;

                        iscl_oen <= iscl_oen; -- keep SCL in same state

                        isda_oen <= isda_oen; -- keep SDA in same state

                        sda_chk  <= '0';      -- don't check SDA

                     -- start

                     when start_a =>

                        c_state  <= start_b;

                        iscl_oen <= iscl_oen; -- keep SCL in same state (for repeated start)

                        isda_oen <= '1';      -- set SDA high

                        sda_chk  <= '0';      -- don't check SDA

                     when start_b =>

                        c_state  <= start_c;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- set SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '1'; -- keep SDA high

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when start_c =>

                        c_state  <= start_d;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- keep SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '0'; -- set SDA low

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when start_d =>

                        c_state  <= start_e;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- keep SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '0'; -- keep SDA low

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when start_e =>

                        c_state  <= idle;

                        cmd_ack  <= '1'; -- command completed

                        iscl_oen <= '0'; -- set SCL low

                        isda_oen <= '0'; -- keep SDA low

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     -- stop

                     when stop_a =>

                        c_state  <= stop_b;

                        iscl_oen <= '0'; -- keep SCL low

                        isda_oen <= '0'; -- set SDA low

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when stop_b =>

                        c_state  <= stop_c;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- set SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '0'; -- keep SDA low

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when stop_c =>

                        c_state  <= stop_d;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- keep SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '0'; -- keep SDA low

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when stop_d =>

                        c_state  <= idle;

                        cmd_ack  <= '1'; -- command completed

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- keep SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '1'; -- set SDA high

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     -- read

                     when rd_a =>

                        c_state  <= rd_b;

                        iscl_oen <= '0'; -- keep SCL low

                        isda_oen <= '1'; -- tri-state SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when rd_b =>

                        c_state  <= rd_c;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- set SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '1'; -- tri-state SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when rd_c =>

                        c_state  <= rd_d;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- keep SCL high

                        isda_oen <= '1'; -- tri-state SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     when rd_d =>

                        c_state  <= idle;

                        cmd_ack  <= '1'; -- command completed

                        iscl_oen <= '0'; -- set SCL low

                        isda_oen <= '1'; -- tri-state SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA

                     -- write

                     when wr_a =>

                        c_state  <= wr_b;

                        iscl_oen <= '0'; -- keep SCL low

                        isda_oen <= din; -- set SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA (SCL low)

                     when wr_b =>

                        c_state  <= wr_c;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- set SCL high

                        isda_oen <= din; -- keep SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '1'; -- check SDA

                     when wr_c =>

                        c_state  <= wr_d;

                        iscl_oen <= '1'; -- keep SCL high

                        isda_oen <= din; -- keep SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '1'; -- check SDA

                     when wr_d =>

                        c_state  <= idle;

                        cmd_ack  <= '1'; -- command completed

                        iscl_oen <= '0'; -- set SCL low

                        isda_oen <= din; -- keep SDA

                        sda_chk  <= '0'; -- don't check SDA (SCL low)

                     when others =>

                  end case;

                end if;

              end if;

            end if;

        end process nxt_state_decoder;

        -- assign outputs

        scl_o   <= '0';

        scl_oen <= iscl_oen;

        sda_o   <= '0';

        sda_oen <= isda_oen;

end architecture structural;