Subversion Repositories neorv32

-- #################################################################################################

-- # << NEORV32 - Smart LED (WS2811/WS2812) Interface (NEOLED) >>                                  #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # Hardware interface for direct control of "smart LEDs" using an asynchronous serial data       #

-- # line. Compatible with the WS2811 and WS2812 LEDs.                                             #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # NeoPixel-compatible, RGB (24-bit) and RGBW (32-bit) modes supported (in "parallel")           #

-- # (TM) "NeoPixel" is a trademark of Adafruit Industries.                                        #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # The interface uses a programmable carrier frequency (800 KHz for the WS2812 LEDs)             #

-- # configurable via the control register's clock prescaler bits (ctrl_clksel*_c) and the period  #

-- # length configuration bits (ctrl_t_tot_*_c). "high-times" for sending a ZERO or a ONE bit are  #

-- # configured using the ctrl_t_0h_*_c and ctrl_t_1h_*_c bits, respectively. 32-bit transfers     #

-- # (for RGBW modules) and 24-bit transfers (for RGB modules) are supported via ctrl_mode__c.     #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # The device features a TX buffer (FIFO) with <FIFO_DEPTH> entries. An IRQ is triggered if the  #

-- # FIFO falls below "half-full" fill level.                                                      #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # BSD 3-Clause License                                                                          #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                                     #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are          #

-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met:                                     #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of        #

-- #    conditions and the following disclaimer.                                                   #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of     #

-- #    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials        #

-- #    provided with the distribution.                                                            #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to  #

-- #    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written      #

-- #    permission.                                                                                #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS   #

-- # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF               #

-- # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE    #

-- # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,     #

-- # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #

-- # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED    #

-- # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING     #

-- # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  #

-- # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.                                                            #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              (c) Stephan Nolting #

-- #################################################################################################

library ieee;

use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

use ieee.numeric_std.all;

library neorv32;

use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;

entity neorv32_neoled is

  generic (

    FIFO_DEPTH : natural -- TX FIFO depth (1..32k, power of two)

  );

  port (

    -- host access --

    clk_i       : in  std_ulogic; -- global clock line

    addr_i      : in  std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- address

    rden_i      : in  std_ulogic; -- read enable

    wren_i      : in  std_ulogic; -- write enable

    data_i      : in  std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- data in

    data_o      : out std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- data out

    ack_o       : out std_ulogic; -- transfer acknowledge

    -- clock generator --

    clkgen_en_o : out std_ulogic; -- enable clock generator

    clkgen_i    : in  std_ulogic_vector(07 downto 0);

    -- interrupt --

    irq_o       : out std_ulogic; -- interrupt request

    -- NEOLED output --

    neoled_o    : out std_ulogic -- serial async data line

  );

end neorv32_neoled;

architecture neorv32_neoled_rtl of neorv32_neoled is

  -- IO space: module base address --

  constant hi_abb_c : natural := index_size_f(io_size_c)-1; -- high address boundary bit

  constant lo_abb_c : natural := index_size_f(neoled_size_c); -- low address boundary bit

  -- access control --

  signal acc_en : std_ulogic; -- module access enable

  signal addr   : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- access address

  signal wren   : std_ulogic; -- word write enable

  signal rden   : std_ulogic; -- read enable

  -- Control register bits --

  constant ctrl_enable_c    : natural :=  0; -- r/w: module enable

  constant ctrl_mode_c      : natural :=  1; -- r/w: 0 = 24-bit RGB mode, 1 = 32-bit RGBW mode

  constant ctrl_strobe_c    : natural :=  2; -- r/w: 0 = send normal data, 1 = send LED strobe command (RESET) on data write

  --

  constant ctrl_clksel0_c   : natural :=  3; -- r/w: prescaler select bit 0

  constant ctrl_clksel1_c   : natural :=  4; -- r/w: prescaler select bit 1

  constant ctrl_clksel2_c   : natural :=  5; -- r/w: prescaler select bit 2

  --

  constant ctrl_bufs_0_c    : natural :=  6; -- r/-: log2(FIFO_DEPTH) bit 0

  constant ctrl_bufs_1_c    : natural :=  7; -- r/-: log2(FIFO_DEPTH) bit 1

  constant ctrl_bufs_2_c    : natural :=  8; -- r/-: log2(FIFO_DEPTH) bit 2

  constant ctrl_bufs_3_c    : natural :=  9; -- r/-: log2(FIFO_DEPTH) bit 3

  --

  constant ctrl_t_tot_0_c   : natural := 10; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per total period bit 0

  constant ctrl_t_tot_1_c   : natural := 11; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per total period bit 1

  constant ctrl_t_tot_2_c   : natural := 12; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per total period bit 2

  constant ctrl_t_tot_3_c   : natural := 13; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per total period bit 3

  constant ctrl_t_tot_4_c   : natural := 14; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per total period bit 4

  --

  constant ctrl_t_0h_0_c    : natural := 15; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ZERO high-time bit 0

  constant ctrl_t_0h_1_c    : natural := 16; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ZERO high-time bit 1

  constant ctrl_t_0h_2_c    : natural := 17; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ZERO high-time bit 2

  constant ctrl_t_0h_3_c    : natural := 18; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ZERO high-time bit 3

  constant ctrl_t_0h_4_c    : natural := 19; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ZERO high-time bit 4

  --

  constant ctrl_t_1h_0_c    : natural := 20; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ONE high-time bit 0

  constant ctrl_t_1h_1_c    : natural := 21; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ONE high-time bit 1

  constant ctrl_t_1h_2_c    : natural := 22; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ONE high-time bit 2

  constant ctrl_t_1h_3_c    : natural := 23; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ONE high-time bit 3

  constant ctrl_t_1h_4_c    : natural := 24; -- r/w: pulse-clock ticks per ONE high-time bit 4

  --

  constant ctrl_tx_empty_c  : natural := 28; -- r/-: TX FIFO is empty

  constant ctrl_tx_half_c   : natural := 29; -- r/-: TX FIFO is at least half-full

  constant ctrl_tx_full_c   : natural := 30; -- r/-: TX FIFO is full

  constant ctrl_tx_busy_c   : natural := 31; -- r/-: serial TX engine busy when set

  -- control register --

  type ctrl_t is record

    enable   : std_ulogic;

    mode     : std_ulogic;

    strobe   : std_ulogic;

    clk_prsc : std_ulogic_vector(2 downto 0);

    -- pulse config --

    t_total  : std_ulogic_vector(4 downto 0);

    t0_high  : std_ulogic_vector(4 downto 0);

    t1_high  : std_ulogic_vector(4 downto 0);

  end record;

  signal ctrl : ctrl_t;

  -- transmission buffer --

  type tx_buffer_t is record

    we      : std_ulogic; -- write enable

    re      : std_ulogic; -- read enable

    clear   : std_ulogic; -- sync reset, high-active

    level   : std_ulogic_vector(index_size_f(FIFO_DEPTH) downto 0);

    wdata   : std_ulogic_vector(31+2 downto 0); -- write data (excluding mode)

    rdata   : std_ulogic_vector(31+2 downto 0); -- read data (including mode)

    avail   : std_ulogic; -- data available?

    free    : std_ulogic; -- free entry available?

    half    : std_ulogic; -- half full

    half_ff : std_ulogic;

  end record;

  signal tx_buffer : tx_buffer_t;

  -- serial transmission engine --

  type serial_state_t is (S_IDLE, S_INIT, S_GETBIT, S_PULSE, S_STROBE);

  type serial_t is record

    -- state control --

    state      : serial_state_t;

    mode       : std_ulogic;

    busy       : std_ulogic;

    bit_cnt    : std_ulogic_vector(5 downto 0);

    -- shift register --

    sreg       : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);

    next_bit   : std_ulogic; -- next bit to send

    -- pulse generator --

    pulse_clk  : std_ulogic; -- pulse cycle "clock"

    pulse_cnt  : std_ulogic_vector(4 downto 0);

    t_high     : std_ulogic_vector(4 downto 0);

    strobe_cnt : std_ulogic_vector(6 downto 0);

    tx_out     : std_ulogic;

  end record;

  signal serial : serial_t;

begin

  -- Sanity Checks --------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  assert not ((is_power_of_two_f(FIFO_DEPTH) = false) or (FIFO_DEPTH < 1) or (FIFO_DEPTH > 32768)) report

  "NEORV32 PROCESSOR CONFIG ERROR! Invalid <NEOLED.FIFO_DEPTH> buffer size configuration (1..32k)!" severity error;

  -- Access Control -------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  acc_en <= '1' when (addr_i(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c) = neoled_base_c(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c)) else '0';

  addr   <= neoled_base_c(31 downto lo_abb_c) & addr_i(lo_abb_c-1 downto 2) & "00"; -- word aligned

  wren   <= acc_en and wren_i;

  rden   <= acc_en and rden_i;

  -- Read/Write Access ----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  rw_access: process(clk_i)

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      -- access acknowledge --

      ack_o <= wren or rden;

      -- write access: control register --

      if (wren = '1') and (addr = neoled_ctrl_addr_c) then

        ctrl.enable   <= data_i(ctrl_enable_c);

        ctrl.mode     <= data_i(ctrl_mode_c);

        ctrl.strobe   <= data_i(ctrl_strobe_c);

        ctrl.clk_prsc <= data_i(ctrl_clksel2_c downto ctrl_clksel0_c);

        ctrl.t_total  <= data_i(ctrl_t_tot_4_c downto ctrl_t_tot_0_c);

        ctrl.t0_high  <= data_i(ctrl_t_0h_4_c  downto ctrl_t_0h_0_c);

        ctrl.t1_high  <= data_i(ctrl_t_1h_4_c  downto ctrl_t_1h_0_c);

      end if;

      -- read access: control register --

      data_o <= (others => '0');

      if (rden = '1') then -- and (addr = neoled_ctrl_addr_c) then

        data_o(ctrl_enable_c)                        <= ctrl.enable;

        data_o(ctrl_mode_c)                          <= ctrl.mode;

        data_o(ctrl_strobe_c)                        <= ctrl.strobe;

        data_o(ctrl_clksel2_c downto ctrl_clksel0_c) <= ctrl.clk_prsc;

        data_o(ctrl_bufs_3_c  downto ctrl_bufs_0_c)  <= std_ulogic_vector(to_unsigned(index_size_f(FIFO_DEPTH), 4));

        data_o(ctrl_t_tot_4_c downto ctrl_t_tot_0_c) <= ctrl.t_total;

        data_o(ctrl_t_0h_4_c  downto ctrl_t_0h_0_c)  <= ctrl.t0_high;

        data_o(ctrl_t_1h_4_c  downto ctrl_t_1h_0_c)  <= ctrl.t1_high;

        --

        data_o(ctrl_tx_empty_c)                      <= not tx_buffer.avail;

        data_o(ctrl_tx_half_c)                       <= tx_buffer.half;

        data_o(ctrl_tx_full_c)                       <= not tx_buffer.free;

        data_o(ctrl_tx_busy_c)                       <= serial.busy;

      end if;

    end if;

  end process rw_access;

  -- enable external clock generator --

  clkgen_en_o <= ctrl.enable;

  -- FIFO write access --

  tx_buffer.we    <= '1' when (wren = '1') and (addr = neoled_data_addr_c) else '0';

  tx_buffer.wdata <= ctrl.strobe & ctrl.mode & data_i;

  tx_buffer.clear <= not ctrl.enable;

  -- IRQ Generator --------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  irq_generator: process(clk_i)

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      tx_buffer.half_ff <= tx_buffer.half;

      irq_o <= ctrl.enable and tx_buffer.half and (not tx_buffer.half_ff); -- FIFO _becomes_ half-full

    end if;

  end process irq_generator;

  -- TX Buffer (FIFO) -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  tx_data_fifo: neorv32_fifo

  generic map (

    FIFO_DEPTH => FIFO_DEPTH, -- number of fifo entries; has to be a power of two; min 1

    FIFO_WIDTH => 32+2,       -- size of data elements in fifo

    FIFO_RSYNC => true,       -- sync read

    FIFO_SAFE  => true        -- safe access

  )

  port map (

    -- control --

    clk_i   => clk_i,           -- clock, rising edge

    rstn_i  => '1',             -- async reset, low-active

    clear_i => tx_buffer.clear, -- sync reset, high-active

    level_o => tx_buffer.level, -- fill level

    -- write port --

    wdata_i => tx_buffer.wdata, -- write data

    we_i    => tx_buffer.we,    -- write enable

    free_o  => tx_buffer.free,  -- at least one entry is free when set

    -- read port --

    re_i    => tx_buffer.re,    -- read enable

    rdata_o => tx_buffer.rdata, -- read data

    avail_o => tx_buffer.avail  -- data available when set

  );

  -- FIFO half-full? --

  tx_buffer.half <= '1' when (unsigned(tx_buffer.level) >= to_unsigned(cond_sel_natural_f(boolean(FIFO_DEPTH > 1), FIFO_DEPTH/2, 1), tx_buffer.level'length)) else '0';

  -- Serial TX Engine -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  serial_engine: process(clk_i)

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      -- clock generator --

      serial.pulse_clk <= clkgen_i(to_integer(unsigned(ctrl.clk_prsc)));

      -- FSM --

      if (ctrl.enable = '0') then -- disabled

        serial.state <= S_IDLE;

      else

        case serial.state is

          when S_IDLE => -- waiting for new TX data

          -- ------------------------------------------------------------

            serial.tx_out     <= '0';

            serial.pulse_cnt  <= (others => '0');

            serial.strobe_cnt <= (others => '0');

            if (tx_buffer.avail = '1') then

              serial.state <= S_INIT;

            end if;

          when S_INIT => -- initialize TX shift engine

          -- ------------------------------------------------------------

            if (tx_buffer.rdata(33) = '0') then -- send data

              if (tx_buffer.rdata(32) = '0') then -- mode = "RGB" 

                serial.mode    <= '0';

                serial.bit_cnt <= "011000"; -- total number of bits to send: 3x8=24

              else -- mode = "RGBW"

                serial.mode    <= '1';

                serial.bit_cnt <= "100000"; -- total number of bits to send: 4x8=32

              end if;

              serial.sreg  <= tx_buffer.rdata(31 downto 00);

              serial.state <= S_GETBIT;

            else -- send RESET command

              serial.state <= S_STROBE;

            end if;

          when S_GETBIT => -- get next TX bit

          -- ------------------------------------------------------------

            serial.sreg      <= serial.sreg(serial.sreg'left-1 downto 0) & '0'; -- shift left by one position (MSB-first)

            serial.bit_cnt   <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(serial.bit_cnt) - 1);

            serial.pulse_cnt <= (others => '0');

            if (serial.bit_cnt = "000000") then -- all done?

              serial.state <= S_IDLE;

            else -- check current data MSB

              if (serial.next_bit = '0') then -- send zero-bit

                serial.t_high <= ctrl.t0_high;

              else -- send one-bit

                serial.t_high <= ctrl.t1_high;

              end if;

              serial.state  <= S_PULSE; -- transmit single pulse

              serial.tx_out <= '1';

            end if;

          when S_PULSE => -- send pulse with specific duty cycle

          -- ------------------------------------------------------------

            -- total pulse length = ctrl.t_total

            -- pulse high time    = serial.t_high

            if (serial.pulse_clk = '1') then

              serial.pulse_cnt <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(serial.pulse_cnt) + 1);

              -- T_high reached? --

              if (serial.pulse_cnt = serial.t_high) then

                serial.tx_out <= '0';

              end if;

              -- T_total reached? --

              if (serial.pulse_cnt = ctrl.t_total) then

                serial.state <= S_GETBIT; -- get next bit to send

              end if;

            end if;

          when S_STROBE => -- strobe LED data ("RESET" command)

          -- ------------------------------------------------------------

            -- wait for 127 * ctrl.t_total to _ensure_ RESET

            if (serial.pulse_clk = '1') then

              -- T_total reached? --

              if (serial.pulse_cnt = ctrl.t_total) then

                serial.pulse_cnt  <= (others => '0');

                serial.strobe_cnt <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(serial.strobe_cnt) + 1);

              else

                serial.pulse_cnt <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(serial.pulse_cnt) + 1);

              end if;

            end if;

            -- number of LOW periods reached for RESET? --

            if (and_reduce_f(serial.strobe_cnt) = '1') then

              serial.state <= S_IDLE;

            end if;

          when others => -- undefined

          -- ------------------------------------------------------------

            serial.state <= S_IDLE;

        end case;

      end if;

      -- serial data tx_out --

      neoled_o <= serial.tx_out and ctrl.enable;

    end if;

  end process serial_engine;

  -- SREG's TX data: bit 23 for RGB mode (24-bit), bit 31 for RGBW mode (32-bit) --

  serial.next_bit <= serial.sreg(23) when (serial.mode = '0') else serial.sreg(31);

  -- get new TX data --

  tx_buffer.re <= '1' when (serial.state = S_IDLE) and (tx_buffer.avail = '1') else '0';

  -- TX engine status --

  serial.busy <= '0' when (serial.state = S_IDLE) or (ctrl.enable = '0') else '1';

end neorv32_neoled_rtl;