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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>openMSP430 Core</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h3>Table of content</h3>
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<ul>
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        <li><a href="#1. Introduction">1. Introduction</a></li>
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        <li><a href="#2. Design">      2. Design</a>
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        <ul>
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      <li><a href="#2.1 Core">        2.1 Core</a>
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                <ul>
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           <li><a href="#2.1.1 Design structure">              2.1.1 Design structure</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.1.2 Limitations">                   2.1.2 Limitations</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.1.3 Configuration">                 2.1.3 Configuration</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.1.4 Pinout">                        2.1.4 Pinout</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.1.5 Instruction Cycles and Lengths">2.1.5 Instruction Cycles and Lengths</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.1.6 Serial Debug Interface">        2.1.6 Serial Debug Interface</a></li>
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                </ul>
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           </li>
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      <li><a href="#2.2 Peripherals">        2.2 Peripherals</a>
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                <ul>
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           <li><a href="#2.2.1 Basic Clock Module">            2.2.1 Basic Clock Module</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.2.2 Watchdog Timer">                2.2.2 Watchdog Timer</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.2.3 Digital I/O">                   2.2.3 Digital I/O</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.2.4 Timer A">                       2.2.4 Timer A</a></li>
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           <li><a href="#2.2.5 16x16 Hardware Multiplier">     2.2.5 16x16 Hardware Multiplier</a></li>
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                </ul>
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           </li>
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        </ul>
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        </li>
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</ul>
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<a name="1. Introduction"></a>
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<h1>1. Introduction</h1>
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The openMSP430 is a 16-bit microcontroller core compatible with TI's MSP430 family (note that the extended version of the architecture, the MSP430X, isn't supported by this IP). It is based on a Von Neumann architecture, with a single address space for instructions and data.
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<br /><br />
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This design has been implemented to be FPGA friendly. Therefore, the core doesn't contain any clock gate and has only a single clock domain. As a consequence, the clock management block has a few limitations.
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<br /><br />
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This IP doesn't contain the instruction and data memory blocks internally (these are technology dependent hard macros which are connected to the IP during chip integration).
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However the core is fully configurable in regard to the supported RAM and/or ROM sizes.
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<br /><br />
45
In addition to the CPU core itself, several peripherals are also provided and can be easily connected to the core during integration.
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<br /><br />
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<a name="2. Design"></a>
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<h1>2. Design</h1>
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51
<a name="2.1 Core"></a>
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<h2>2.1 Core</h2>
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54
<a name="2.1.1 Design structure"></a>
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<h3>2.1.1 Design structure</h3>
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57
The following diagram shows the openMSP430 design structure:
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<br /><br />
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<img src="getimg.php?1267738921" width="100%" alt="CPU Structure" title="CPU Structure" />
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<br />
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<ul>
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        <li><b>Frontend</b>: This module performs the instruction Fetch and Decode tasks. It also contains the execution state machine.</li>
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        <li><b>Execution unit</b>: Containing the ALU and the register file, this module executes the current decoded instruction according to the execution state.</li>
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        <li><b>Serial Debug Interface</b>: Contains all the required logic for a Nexus class 3 debugging unit (without trace). Communication with the host is done with a standard 8N1 serial interface.</li>
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   <li><b>Memory backbone</b>: This block performs a simple arbitration between the frontend and execution-unit for program, data and peripheral memory access.</li>
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   <li><b>Basic Clock Module</b>: Generates the ACLK and SMCLK enable signals.</li>
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   <li><b>SFRs</b>: The <b>S</b>pecial <b>F</b>unction <b>R</b>egister<b>s</b> block contain diverse configuration registers (NMI, Watchdog, ...).</li>
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   <li><b>Watchdog</b>: Although it is a peripheral, the watchdog is permanently included in the core because of its tight links with the NMI interrupts and the PUC reset generation.</li>
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</ul>
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<a name="2.1.2 Limitations"></a>
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<h3>2.1.2 Limitations</h3>
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The known core limitations are the following:
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<br />
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<ul>
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        <li>Instructions can't be executed from the data memory.</li>
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        <li>SCG0 is not implemented (turns off DCO).</li>
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        <li>MCLK can't be divided and can only have DCO_CLK as source (see <a href="#2.2.1 Basic Clock Module">Basic Clock Module</a> section).</li>
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</ul>
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82
<a name="2.1.3 Configuration"></a>
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<h3>2.1.3 Configuration</h3>
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85
It is possible to configure the openMSP430 core through the "openMSP430_defines.v" file located in the "rtl" directory (see <a href="http://www.opencores.org/project,openmsp430,file%20and%20directory%20description">file and directory description</a>).<br />
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Two sets of parameters can be adjusted by the user in order to define the program and data memory sizes:
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<br /><br />
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<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="35"></td>
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<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
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<td width="15"></td>
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<td>
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        <code>
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            // Program Memory Size:
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                <br />//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Uncomment the required memory size
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                <br />//-------------------------------------------------------
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_59_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_55_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_54_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_51_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_48_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_41_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_32_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_24_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_16_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_12_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_8_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_4_KB
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                <br />`define PMEM_SIZE_2_KB
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                <br />//`define PMEM_SIZE_1_KB
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                <br />
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                <br />// Data Memory Size:
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                <br />//&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Uncomment the required memory size
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                <br />//-------------------------------------------------------
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_32_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_24_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_16_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_10_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_8_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_5_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_4_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_2p5_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_2_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_1_KB
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_512_B
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                <br />//`define DMEM_SIZE_256_B
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                <br />`define DMEM_SIZE_128_B
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        </code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br /><br />
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<b>Note:</b> The sum of both program and data memories <b>SHOULD NOT</b> exceed 63.5 kB.
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<br /><br /><br />
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The following parameters define if the debug interface should be included or not and how many hardware breakpoint units should be included.
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<br /><br />
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<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="35"></td>
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<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
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<td width="15"></td>
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<td>
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        <code>
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            //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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                <br />// REMOTE DEBUGGING INTERFACE CONFIGURATION
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                <br />//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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                <br />
150
                <br />// Include Debug interface
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                <br />`define DBG_EN
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                <br />
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                <br />// Debug interface selection
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                <br />//             `define DBG_UART -> Enable UART (8N1) debug interface
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                <br />//             `define DBG_JTAG -> DON'T UNCOMMENT, NOT SUPPORTED
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                <br />//
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                <br />`define DBG_UART
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                <br />//`define DBG_JTAG
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                <br />
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                <br />// Number of hardware breakpoints (each unit contains 2 hw address breakpoints)
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                <br />//             `define DBG_HWBRK_0 -> Include hardware breakpoints unit 0
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                <br />//             `define DBG_HWBRK_1 -> Include hardware breakpoints unit 1
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                <br />//             `define DBG_HWBRK_2 -> Include hardware breakpoints unit 2
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                <br />//             `define DBG_HWBRK_3 -> Include hardware breakpoints unit 3
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                <br />//
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                <br />`define  DBG_HWBRK_0
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                <br />`define  DBG_HWBRK_1
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                <br />`define  DBG_HWBRK_2
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                <br />`define  DBG_HWBRK_3
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        </code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br /><br />
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<b>Note:</b> Since the hardware breakpoint units are relatively big, it is recommended to include as many as you plan to use. These units are particularly useful if your instruction memory is a ROM (i.e. when you can't use software breakpoints) or if you want to be able to stop the CPU whenever some particular data addresses are accessed.
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<br /><br /><br />
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At last, this parameter controls if the hardware multiplier is included or not.
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<br /><br />
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<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="35"></td>
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<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
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<td width="15"></td>
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<td>
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        <code>
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            // Include/Exclude Hardware Multiplier
187
                <br />`define MULTIPLIER
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        </code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br /><br /><br />
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All remaining defines located in this file are system constants and should not be edited.
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195
<a name="2.1.4 Pinout"></a>
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<h3>2.1.4 Pinout</h3>
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198
The full pinout of the openMSP430 core is provided in the following table:
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<br /><br />
200
<table border="1">
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        <tr> <td align="center"><b>Port Name</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Direction</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Width</b>    </td> <td align="center"><b>Description</b></td> </tr>
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203
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Clocks</i></b>                         </td></tr>
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        <tr>
205
             <td> dco_clk                                                          </td>
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             <td> Input                                                            </td>
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             <td> 1                                                                </td>
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             <td> Fast oscillator (fast clock), CPU clock                          </td>
209
        </tr>
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        <tr>
211
             <td> lfxt_clk                                                         </td>
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             <td> Input                                                            </td>
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             <td> 1                                                                </td>
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             <td> Low frequency oscillator (typ. 32kHz)                            </td>
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   </tr>
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        <tr>
217
             <td> mclk                                                             </td>
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             <td> Output                                                           </td>
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             <td> 1                                                                </td>
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             <td> Main system clock                                                </td>
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        </tr>
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        <tr>
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             <td> aclk_en                                                          </td>
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             <td> Output                                                           </td>
225
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
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             <td> ACLK enable                                                      </td>
227
   </tr>
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        <tr>
229
             <td> smclk_en                                                         </td>
230
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
231
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
232
             <td> SMCLK enable                                                     </td>
233
   </tr>
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235
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Resets</i></b>                         </td></tr>
236
        <tr>
237
             <td> puc                                                              </td>
238
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
239
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
240
             <td> Main system reset                                                </td>
241
   </tr>
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        <tr>
243
             <td> reset_n                                                          </td>
244
             <td> Input                                                            </td>
245
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
246
             <td> Reset Pin (low active)                                           </td>
247
        </tr>
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249
 
250
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Program Memory interface</i></b>       </td></tr>
251
        <tr>
252
             <td> pmem_addr                                                        </td>
253
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
254
             <td> `PMEM_AWIDTH<sup>1</sup>                                        </td>
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             <td> Program Memory address                                           </td>
256
        </tr>
257
        <tr>
258
             <td> pmem_cen                                                         </td>
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             <td> Output                                                           </td>
260
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
261
             <td> Program Memory chip enable (low active)                          </td>
262
        </tr>
263
        <tr>
264
             <td> pmem_din                                                         </td>
265
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
266
             <td> 16                                                               </td>
267
             <td> Program Memory data input (optional<sup>2</sup>)                </td>
268
        </tr>
269
        <tr>
270
             <td> pmem_dout                                                        </td>
271
             <td> Input                                                            </td>
272
             <td> 16                                                               </td>
273
             <td> Program Memory data output                                       </td>
274
        </tr>
275
        <tr>
276
             <td> pmem_wen                                                         </td>
277
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
278
             <td> 2                                                                </td>
279
             <td> Program Memory write enable (low active) (optional<sup>2</sup>) </td>
280
        </tr>
281
 
282
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Data Memory interface</i></b>          </td></tr>
283
        <tr>
284
             <td> dmem_addr                                                        </td>
285
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
286
             <td> `DMEM_AWIDTH<sup>1</sup>                                        </td>
287
             <td> Data Memory address                                              </td>
288
        </tr>
289
        <tr>
290
             <td> dmem_cen                                                         </td>
291
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
292
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
293
             <td> Data Memory chip enable (low active)                             </td>
294
        </tr>
295
        <tr>
296
             <td> dmem_din                                                         </td>
297
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
298
             <td> 16                                                               </td>
299
             <td> Data Memory data input                                           </td>
300
        </tr>
301
        <tr>
302
             <td> dmem_dout                                                        </td>
303
             <td> Input                                                            </td>
304
             <td> 16                                                               </td>
305
             <td> Data Memory data output                                          </td>
306
        </tr>
307
        <tr>
308
             <td> dmem_wen                                                         </td>
309
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
310
             <td> 2                                                                </td>
311
             <td> Data Memory write enable (low active)                            </td>
312
        </tr>
313
 
314
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>External Peripherals interface</i></b> </td></tr>
315
        <tr>
316
             <td> per_addr                                                         </td>
317
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
318
             <td> 8                                                                </td>
319
             <td> Peripheral address                                               </td>
320
        </tr>
321
        <tr>
322
             <td> per_din                                                          </td>
323
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
324
             <td> 16                                                               </td>
325
             <td> Peripheral data input                                            </td>
326
   </tr>
327
        <tr>
328
             <td> per_dout                                                         </td>
329
             <td> Input                                                            </td>
330
             <td> 16                                                               </td>
331
             <td> Peripheral data output                                           </td>
332
        </tr>
333
        <tr>
334
             <td> per_en                                                           </td>
335
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
336
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
337
             <td> Peripheral enable (high active)                                  </td>
338
        </tr>
339
        <tr>
340
             <td> per_wen                                                          </td>
341
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
342
             <td> 2                                                                </td>
343
             <td> Peripheral write enable (high active)                            </td>
344
        </tr>
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346
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Interrupts</i></b>                     </td></tr>
347
        <tr>
348
                  <td> irq                                                              </td>
349
                  <td> Input                                                            </td>
350
                  <td> 14                                                               </td>
351
                  <td> Maskable interrupts (one-hot signal)                             </td>
352
   </tr>
353
        <tr>
354
             <td> nmi                                                              </td>
355
             <td> Input                                                            </td>
356
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
357
             <td> Non-maskable interrupt (asynchronous)                            </td>
358
        </tr>
359
        <tr>
360
             <td> irq_acc                                                          </td>
361
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
362
             <td> 14                                                               </td>
363
             <td> Interrupt request accepted (one-hot signal)                      </td>
364
        </tr>
365
 
366
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Serial Debug interface</i></b>         </td></tr>
367
        <tr>
368
             <td> dbg_freeze                                                       </td>
369
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
370
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
371
             <td> Freeze peripherals                                               </td>
372
        </tr>
373
        <tr>
374
             <td> dbg_uart_txd                                                     </td>
375
             <td> Output                                                           </td>
376
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
377
             <td> Debug interface: UART TXD                                        </td>
378
        </tr>
379
        <tr>
380
             <td> dbg_uart_rxd                                                     </td>
381
             <td> Input                                                            </td>
382
             <td> 1                                                                </td>
383
             <td> Debug interface: UART RXD                                        </td>
384
        </tr>
385
</table>
386
<br />
387
<sup>1</sup>: This parameter is declared in the "openMSP430_defines.v" file and defines the RAM/ROM size.<br />
388
<sup>2</sup>: These two optional ports can be connected whenever the program memory is a RAM. This will allow the user to load a program through the serial debug interface and to use software breakpoints.
389
<br /><br />
390
 
391
<a name="2.1.5 Instruction Cycles and Lengths"></a>
392
<h3>2.1.5 Instruction Cycles and Lengths</h3>
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394
The number of CPU clock cycles required for an instruction depends on the instruction format and the addressing modes used, not the instruction itself.
395
<br />In the following tables, the number of clock cycles refers to the main clock (<i>MCLK</i>).
396
Differences with the original MSP430 are highlighted in green (the original value being red).
397
<ul>
398
        <li><b>Interrupt and Reset Cycles</b></li>
399
</ul>
400
<table border="1">
401
        <tr> <td align="center"><b>Action</b>  </td> <td align="center"><b>No. of Cycles</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Length of Instruction</b></td> </tr>
402
        <tr> <td> Return from interrupt (RETI) </td> <td align="center">       5            </td> <td align="center">           1                </td> </tr>
403
        <tr> <td> Interrupt accepted           </td> <td align="center">       6            </td> <td align="center">           -                </td> </tr>
404
        <tr> <td> WDT reset                    </td> <td align="center">       4            </td> <td align="center">           -                </td> </tr>
405
        <tr> <td> Reset (!RST/NMI)             </td> <td align="center">       4            </td> <td align="center">           -                </td> </tr>
406
</table>
407
 
408
<ul>
409
        <li><b>Format-II (Single Operand) Instruction Cycles and Lengths</b></li>
410
</ul>
411
<table border="1">
412
        <tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><b>Addressing Mode</b>  </td> <td colspan="3" align="center"><b>No. of Cycles</b></td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><b>Length of Instruction</b></td> </tr>
413
        <tr>                                                              <td><b>RRA, RRC, SWPB, SXT</b></td> <td><b>PUSH</b></td> <td><b>CALL</b></td> </tr>
414
 
415
        <tr> <td align="center"> Rn    </td> <td align="center"> 1   </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"><b><font color="green">3 </font><font color="red"> (4)</font></b></td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
416
        <tr> <td align="center"> @Rn   </td> <td align="center"> 3   </td> <td align="center"> 4 </td> <td align="center"> 4 </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
417
        <tr> <td align="center"> @Rn+  </td> <td align="center"> 3   </td> <td align="center"><b><font color="green">4 </font><font color="red"> (5)</font></b></td> <td align="center"><b><font color="green">4 </font><font color="red"> (5)</font></b></td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
418
        <tr> <td align="center"> #N    </td> <td align="center"> N/A </td> <td align="center"> 4 </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
419
        <tr> <td align="center"> X(Rn) </td> <td align="center"> 4   </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
420
        <tr> <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 4   </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
421
        <tr> <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 4   </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
422
</table>
423
 
424
<ul>
425
        <li><b>Format-III (Jump) Instruction Cycles and Lengths</b></li>
426
</ul>
427
All jump instructions require one code word, and take two CPU cycles to execute, regardless of whether the jump is taken or not.
428
 
429
<ul>
430
        <li><b>Format-I (Double Operand) Instruction Cycles and Lengths</b></li>
431
</ul>
432
<table border="1">
433
        <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><b>Addressing Mode</b>  </td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><b>No. of Cycles</b></td> <td rowspan="2" align="center"><b>Length of Instruction</b></td> </tr>
434
        <tr> <td align="center"><b>Src</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Dst</b></td> </tr>
435
 
436
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> Rn    </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
437
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
438
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 4 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
439
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 4 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
440
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 4 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
441
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> @Rn   </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
442
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"><b><font color="green">3 </font><font color="red"> (2)</font></b></td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
443
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
444
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
445
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
446
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> @Rn+  </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
447
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"> 1 </td> </tr>
448
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
449
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
450
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
451
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> #N    </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
452
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
453
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
454
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
455
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 5 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
456
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> x(Rn) </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
457
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"><b><font color="green">3 </font><font color="red"> (4)</font></b></td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
458
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
459
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
460
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
461
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
462
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"><b><font color="green">3 </font><font color="red"> (4)</font></b></td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
463
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
464
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
465
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
466
        <tr> <td rowspan="5" align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> Rm    </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
467
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> PC    </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> <td align="center"> 2 </td> </tr>
468
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> x(Rm) </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
469
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> EDE   </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
470
        <tr>                                             <td align="center"> &EDE  </td> <td align="center"> 6 </td> <td align="center"> 3 </td> </tr>
471
</table>
472
 
473
<a name="2.1.6 Serial Debug Interface"></a>
474
<h3>2.1.6 Serial Debug Interface</h3>
475
 
476
All the details about the Serial Debug Interface are located <a href="http://www.opencores.org/project/openmsp430/serial%20debug%20interface">here</a>.
477
<a name="2.2 Peripherals"></a>
478
<h2>2.2 Peripherals</h2>
479
 
480
In addition to the CPU core itself, several peripherals are also provided and can be easily connected to the core during integration.
481
 
482
<a name="2.2.1 Basic Clock Module"></a>
483
<h3>2.2.1 Basic Clock Module</h3>
484
 
485
In order to make an FPGA implementation as simple as possible (ideally, a non-designer should be able to do it), clock gates are not used in the design and neither are clock muxes.
486
<br />
487
With these constrains, the Basic Clock Module is implemented as following:
488
<br /><br />
489
<img src="getimg.php?1249244393" alt="Clock structure diagram" title="Clock structure diagram" />
490
<br />
491
<b>Note</b>: CPUOFF doesn't switch MCLK off and will instead bring the CPU state machines in an IDLE state while MCLK will still be running.
492
<br /><br />
493
 
494
In order to '<i>clock</i>' a register with ACLK or SMCLK, the following structure needs to be implemented:
495
<br /><br />
496
<img src="getimg.php?1246434793" alt="Clock implementation example" title="Clock implementation example" />
497
<br /><br />
498
The following Verilog code would implement a counter clocked with SMCLK:
499
<br />
500
<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
501
<tr>
502
<td width="35"></td>
503
<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
504
<td width="15"></td>
505
<td>
506
        <code>
507
                      reg  [7:0] test_cnt;
508
                <br />
509
                <br />always @ (posedge mclk or posedge puc)
510
                <br />  if (puc)           test_cnt <=  8'h00;
511
                <br />  else if (smclk_en) test_cnt <=  test_cnt + 8'h01;
512
        </code>
513
</td>
514
</tr>
515
</table>
516
<br /><br />
517
<b>Register Description</b>
518
<ul>
519
        <li>DCOCTL: Not implemented</li>
520
        <li>BCSCTL1:
521
        <ul>
522
      <li>BCSCTL1[7:6]: Unused</li>
523
      <li>BCSCTL1[5:4]: DIVAx</li>
524
      <li>BCSCTL1[4:0]: Unused</li>
525
        </ul>
526
        </li>
527
        <li>BCSCTL2:
528
        <ul>
529
      <li>BCSCTL2[7:4]: Unused</li>
530
      <li>BCSCTL2[3]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: SELS</li>
531
      <li>BCSCTL2[2:1]: DIVSx</li>
532
      <li>BCSCTL2[0]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;: Unused</li>
533
        </ul>
534
        </li>
535
</ul>
536
 
537
<a name="2.2.2 Watchdog Timer"></a>
538
<h3>2.2.2 Watchdog Timer</h3>
539
 
540 69 olivier.gi
100% of the features advertised in the <a href="http://www.ti.com/litv/pdf/slau049f">MSP430x1xx Family User's Guide</a> (Chapter 10) have been implemented.
541 50 olivier.gi
 
542
<a name="2.2.3 Digital I/O"></a>
543
<h3>2.2.3 Digital I/O</h3>
544
 
545 69 olivier.gi
100% of the features advertised in the <a href="http://www.ti.com/litv/pdf/slau049f">MSP430x1xx Family User's Guide</a> (Chapter 9) have been implemented.
546 50 olivier.gi
<br /><br />
547
The following Verilog parameters will enable or disable the corresponding ports in order to save area (i.e. FPGA utilization):
548
<br /><br />
549
<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
550
<tr>
551
<td width="35"></td>
552
<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
553
<td width="15"></td>
554
<td>
555
        <code>
556
                      parameter           P1_EN = 1'b1;   // Enable Port 1
557
                <br />parameter           P2_EN = 1'b1;   // Enable Port 2
558
                <br />parameter           P3_EN = 1'b0;   // Enable Port 3
559
                <br />parameter           P4_EN = 1'b0;   // Enable Port 4
560
                <br />parameter           P5_EN = 1'b0;   // Enable Port 5
561
                <br />parameter           P6_EN = 1'b0;   // Enable Port 6
562
        </code>
563
</td>
564
</tr>
565
</table>
566
<br />
567
They can be updated as following during the module instantiation (here port 1, 2 and 3 are enabled):
568
<br /><br />
569
<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
570
<tr>
571
<td width="35"></td>
572
<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
573
<td width="15"></td>
574
<td>
575
        <code>
576
                      gpio #(.P1_EN(1),
577
                <br />       .P2_EN(1),
578
                <br />       .P3_EN(1),
579
                <br />       .P4_EN(0),
580
                <br />       .P5_EN(0),
581
                <br />       .P6_EN(0)) gpio_0 (
582
        </code>
583
</td>
584
</tr>
585
</table>
586
<br />
587
The full pinout of the GPIO module is provided in the following table:
588
<br /><br />
589
<table border="1">
590
        <tr> <td align="center"><b>Port Name</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Direction</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Width</b>    </td> <td align="center"><b>Description</b></td> </tr>
591
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Clocks & Resets</i></b>  </td></tr>
592
        <tr> <td> mclk           </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Main system clock                           </td> </tr>
593
        <tr> <td> puc            </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Main system reset                           </td> </tr>
594
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Interrupts</i></b>  </td></tr>
595
        <tr> <td> irq_port1      </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Port 1 interrupt                            </td> </tr>
596
        <tr> <td> irq_port2      </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Port 2 interrupt                            </td> </tr>
597
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>External Peripherals interface</i></b>  </td></tr>
598
        <tr> <td> per_addr       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Peripheral address                          </td> </tr>
599
        <tr> <td> per_din        </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>      16        </td> <td> Peripheral data input                       </td> </tr>
600
        <tr> <td> per_dout       </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>      16        </td> <td> Peripheral data output                      </td> </tr>
601
        <tr> <td> per_en         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Peripheral enable (high active)             </td> </tr>
602
        <tr> <td> per_wen        </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       2        </td> <td> Peripheral write enable (high active)       </td> </tr>
603
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Port 1</i></b>  </td></tr>
604
        <tr> <td> p1_din         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 1 data input                           </td> </tr>
605
        <tr> <td> p1_dout        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 1 data output                          </td> </tr>
606
        <tr> <td> p1_dout_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 1 data output enable                   </td> </tr>
607
        <tr> <td> p1_sel         </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 1 function select                      </td> </tr>
608
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Port 2</i></b>  </td></tr>
609
        <tr> <td> p2_din         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 2 data input                           </td> </tr>
610
        <tr> <td> p2_dout        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 2 data output                          </td> </tr>
611
        <tr> <td> p2_dout_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 2 data output enable                   </td> </tr>
612
        <tr> <td> p2_sel         </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 2 function select                      </td> </tr>
613
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Port 3</i></b>  </td></tr>
614
        <tr> <td> p3_din         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 3 data input                           </td> </tr>
615
        <tr> <td> p3_dout        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 3 data output                          </td> </tr>
616
        <tr> <td> p3_dout_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 3 data output enable                   </td> </tr>
617
        <tr> <td> p3_sel         </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 3 function select                      </td> </tr>
618
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Port 4</i></b>  </td></tr>
619
        <tr> <td> p4_din         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 4 data input                           </td> </tr>
620
        <tr> <td> p4_dout        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 4 data output                          </td> </tr>
621
        <tr> <td> p4_dout_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 4 data output enable                   </td> </tr>
622
        <tr> <td> p4_sel         </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 4 function select                      </td> </tr>
623
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Port 5</i></b>  </td></tr>
624
        <tr> <td> p5_din         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 5 data input                           </td> </tr>
625
        <tr> <td> p5_dout        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 5 data output                          </td> </tr>
626
        <tr> <td> p5_dout_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 5 data output enable                   </td> </tr>
627
        <tr> <td> p5_sel         </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 5 function select                      </td> </tr>
628
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Port 6</i></b>  </td></tr>
629
        <tr> <td> p6_din         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 6 data input                           </td> </tr>
630
        <tr> <td> p6_dout        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 6 data output                          </td> </tr>
631
        <tr> <td> p6_dout_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 6 data output enable                   </td> </tr>
632
        <tr> <td> p6_sel         </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Port 6 function select                      </td> </tr>
633
      </table>
634
 
635
<a name="2.2.4 Timer A"></a>
636
<h3>2.2.4 Timer A</h3>
637
 
638 69 olivier.gi
100% of the features advertised in the <a href="http://www.ti.com/litv/pdf/slau049f">MSP430x1xx Family User's Guide</a> (Chapter 11) have been implemented.
639 50 olivier.gi
<br /><br />
640
The full pinout of the Timer A module is provided in the following table:
641
<br /><br />
642
<table border="1">
643
        <tr> <td align="center"><b>Port Name</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Direction</b></td> <td align="center"><b>Width</b>    </td> <td align="center"><b>Description</b></td> </tr>
644
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Clocks, Resets & Debug</i></b>  </td></tr>
645
        <tr> <td> mclk           </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Main system clock                          </td> </tr>
646
        <tr> <td> aclk_en        </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> ACLK enable (from CPU)                     </td> </tr>
647
        <tr> <td> smclk_en       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> SMCLK enable (from CPU)                    </td> </tr>
648
        <tr> <td> inclk          </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> INCLK external timer clock (SLOW)          </td> </tr>
649
        <tr> <td> taclk          </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> TACLK external timer clock (SLOW)          </td> </tr>
650
        <tr> <td> puc            </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Main system reset                          </td> </tr>
651
        <tr> <td> dbg_freeze     </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Freeze Timer A counter                     </td> </tr>
652
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Interrupts</i></b>  </td></tr>
653
        <tr> <td> irq_ta0        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A interrupt: TACCR0                  </td> </tr>
654
        <tr> <td> irq_ta1        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A interrupt: TAIV, TACCR1, TACCR2    </td> </tr>
655
        <tr> <td> irq_ta0_acc    </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Interrupt request TACCR0 accepted          </td> </tr>
656
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>External Peripherals interface</i></b>  </td></tr>
657
        <tr> <td> per_addr       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       8        </td> <td> Peripheral address                         </td> </tr>
658
        <tr> <td> per_din        </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>      16        </td> <td> Peripheral data input                      </td> </tr>
659
        <tr> <td> per_dout       </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>      16        </td> <td> Peripheral data output                     </td> </tr>
660
        <tr> <td> per_en         </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Peripheral enable (high active)            </td> </tr>
661
        <tr> <td> per_wen        </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       2        </td> <td> Peripheral write enable (high active)      </td> </tr>
662
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Capture/Compare Unit 0</i></b>  </td></tr>
663
        <tr> <td> ta_cci0a       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A capture 0 input A                  </td> </tr>
664
        <tr> <td> ta_cci0b       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A capture 0 input B                  </td> </tr>
665
        <tr> <td> ta_out0        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A output 0                           </td> </tr>
666
        <tr> <td> ta_out0_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A output 0 enable                    </td> </tr>
667
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Capture/Compare Unit 1</i></b>  </td></tr>
668
        <tr> <td> ta_cci1a       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A capture 1 input A                  </td> </tr>
669
        <tr> <td> ta_cci1b       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A capture 1 input B                  </td> </tr>
670
        <tr> <td> ta_out1        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A output 1                           </td> </tr>
671
        <tr> <td> ta_out1_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A output 1 enable                    </td> </tr>
672
        <tr> <td colspan="4" align="center"> <b><i>Capture/Compare Unit 2</i></b>  </td></tr>
673
        <tr> <td> ta_cci2a       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A capture 2 input A                  </td> </tr>
674
        <tr> <td> ta_cci2b       </td> <td>  Input         </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A capture 2 input B                  </td> </tr>
675
        <tr> <td> ta_out2        </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A output 2                           </td> </tr>
676
        <tr> <td> ta_out2_en     </td> <td>  Output        </td> <td>       1        </td> <td> Timer A output 2 enable                    </td> </tr>
677
</table>
678
<br />
679
<b>Note</b>: for the same reason as with the Basic Clock Module, the two additional clock inputs (TACLK and INCLK) are internally synchronized with the MCLK domain.
680
As a consequence, TACLK and INCLK should be at least 2 times slowlier than MCLK, and if these clock are used toghether with the Timer A output unit, some jitter might be observed on the generated output.
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If this jitter is critical for the application, ACLK and INCLK should idealy be derivated from DCO_CLK.
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<br /><br />
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<a name="2.2.5 16x16 Hardware Multiplier"></a>
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<h3>2.2.5 16x16 Hardware Multiplier</h3>
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100% of the features advertised in the <a href="http://www.ti.com/litv/pdf/slau049f">MSP430x1xx Family User's Guide</a> (Chapter 7) have been implemented.
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<br /><br />
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The following parameter in the <i>openMSP430_defines.v</i> file controls if the hardware multiplier should be included or not.
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<br /><br />
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<table border="0" cellspacing="4" cellpadding="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="35"></td>
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<td bgcolor="#d0d0d0" width="3"></td>
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<td width="15"></td>
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<td>
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        <code>
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            // Include/Exclude Hardware Multiplier
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                <br />`define MULTIPLIER
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        </code>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<br /><br />
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<br /><br />
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</body>
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</html>

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