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[/] [neorv32/] [trunk/] [sw/] [common/] [crt0.S] - Blame information for rev 74

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1 2 zero_gravi
/* ################################################################################################# */
2 21 zero_gravi
/* # << NEORV32 - crt0.S - Start-Up Code >>                                                        # */
3 2 zero_gravi
/* # ********************************************************************************************* # */
4
/* # BSD 3-Clause License                                                                          # */
5
/* #                                                                                               # */
6 72 zero_gravi
/* # Copyright (c) 2022, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                                     # */
7 2 zero_gravi
/* #                                                                                               # */
8
/* # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are          # */
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/* # permitted provided that the following conditions are met:                                     # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of        # */
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/* #    conditions and the following disclaimer.                                                   # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of     # */
15
/* #    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials        # */
16
/* #    provided with the distribution.                                                            # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to  # */
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/* #    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written      # */
20
/* #    permission.                                                                                # */
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/* #                                                                                               # */
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/* # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS   # */
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/* # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF               # */
24
/* # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE    # */
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/* # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,     # */
26
/* # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE # */
27
/* # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED    # */
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/* # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING     # */
29
/* # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  # */
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/* # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.                                                            # */
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/* # ********************************************************************************************* # */
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/* # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              (c) Stephan Nolting # */
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/* ################################################################################################# */
34
 
35 72 zero_gravi
.file "crt0.S"
36
.section .text.crt0
37 21 zero_gravi
.balign 4
38
.global _start
39 72 zero_gravi
.global __crt0_main_exit
40 2 zero_gravi
 
41
 
42
_start:
43 21 zero_gravi
.cfi_startproc
44
.cfi_undefined ra
45 2 zero_gravi
 
46 59 zero_gravi
 
47 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
48 62 zero_gravi
// This is the very first instruction that is executed after hardware reset. It ensures that x0 is
49
// written at least once - the CPU HW will ensure it is always set to zero on any write access.
50 74 zero_gravi
//
51
// Furthermore, we have to disable ALL interrupts, which is required if this code is part of a
52
// program uploaded by the on-chip debugger (potentionally taking control from the bootloader).
53
// We setup a new stack pointer here and WE DO NOT WANT TO trap to an outdated trap handler with
54
// a modified stack pointer.
55 62 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
56 74 zero_gravi
  csrrci zero, mstatus, (1<<3) // disable global interrupt flag and write "anything" to x0
57 62 zero_gravi
 
58
 
59
// ************************************************************************************************
60 56 zero_gravi
// Setup pointers using linker script symbols
61 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
62 56 zero_gravi
__crt0_pointer_init:
63 61 zero_gravi
  .option push
64
  .option norelax
65 52 zero_gravi
 
66 66 zero_gravi
  la sp, __crt0_stack_begin // stack pointer
67
  la gp, __global_pointer$  // global pointer
68 52 zero_gravi
 
69 61 zero_gravi
  .option pop
70
 
71
 
72
// ************************************************************************************************
73
// Setup CPU core CSRs (some of them DO NOT have a dedicated
74
// reset and need to be explicitly initialized)
75
// ************************************************************************************************
76 56 zero_gravi
__crt0_cpu_csr_init:
77
 
78 73 zero_gravi
  la   x10,   __crt0_dummy_trap_handler // configure early-boot trap handler
79 61 zero_gravi
  csrw mtvec, x10
80
  csrw mepc,  x10                       // just to init mepc
81 56 zero_gravi
 
82 73 zero_gravi
  csrw mstatus, zero                    // clear all control flags, also disable global IRQ
83
  csrw mie,     zero                    // absolutely no interrupt sources, thanks
84
  csrw mip,     zero                    // clear all pending interrupts
85 56 zero_gravi
 
86 73 zero_gravi
  csrw 0x320,      zero                 // stop all counters; use "mcountinhibit" literal address for lagacy toolchain compatibility
87 61 zero_gravi
  csrw mcounteren, zero                 // no access from less-privileged modes to counter CSRs
88 56 zero_gravi
 
89 73 zero_gravi
  csrw mcycle,    zero                  // reset cycle counter
90 61 zero_gravi
  csrw mcycleh,   zero
91 73 zero_gravi
  csrw minstret,  zero                  // reset instructions-retired counter
92 56 zero_gravi
  csrw minstreth, zero
93
 
94
 
95 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
96
// Initialize integer register file (lower half)
97
// ************************************************************************************************
98
__crt0_reg_file_clear:
99
//addi  x0, x0, 0 // hardwired to zero
100
  addi  x1, x0, 0
101
//addi  x2, x0, 0 // stack pointer sp
102 66 zero_gravi
//addi  x3, x0, 0 // global pointer gp
103 61 zero_gravi
  addi  x4, x0, 0
104
  addi  x5, x0, 0
105
  addi  x6, x0, 0
106
  addi  x7, x0, 0
107 66 zero_gravi
//addi  x8, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
108
//addi  x9, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
109
//addi x10, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
110
//addi x11, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
111
//addi x12, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
112
//addi x13, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
113 73 zero_gravi
//addi x14, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
114
//addi x15, x0, 0 // implicitly initialized within crt0
115 61 zero_gravi
 
116
 
117
// ************************************************************************************************
118
// Initialize integer register file (upper half, if no E extension)
119
// ************************************************************************************************
120 32 zero_gravi
#ifndef __riscv_32e
121 61 zero_gravi
// do not do this if compiling bootloader (to save some program space)
122 32 zero_gravi
#ifndef make_bootloader
123
  addi x16, x0, 0
124
  addi x17, x0, 0
125
  addi x18, x0, 0
126
  addi x19, x0, 0
127
  addi x20, x0, 0
128
  addi x21, x0, 0
129
  addi x22, x0, 0
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  addi x23, x0, 0
131
  addi x24, x0, 0
132
  addi x25, x0, 0
133
  addi x26, x0, 0
134
  addi x27, x0, 0
135
  addi x28, x0, 0
136
  addi x29, x0, 0
137
  addi x30, x0, 0
138
  addi x31, x0, 0
139
#endif
140
#endif
141
 
142
 
143 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
144 2 zero_gravi
// Reset/deactivate IO/peripheral devices
145 61 zero_gravi
// Devices, that are not implemented, will cause a store bus access fault
146 72 zero_gravi
// that is catched (but not further processed) by the dummy trap handler.
147 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
148 2 zero_gravi
__crt0_reset_io:
149 72 zero_gravi
  la   x8,   __crt0_io_space_begin         // start of processor-internal IO region
150
  la   x9,   __crt0_io_space_end           // end of processor-internal IO region
151 2 zero_gravi
 
152
__crt0_reset_io_loop:
153 58 zero_gravi
  sw   zero, 0(x8)
154
  addi x8,   x8, 4
155
  bne  x8,   x9, __crt0_reset_io_loop
156 2 zero_gravi
 
157
 
158 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
159 72 zero_gravi
// Copy initialized .data section from ROM to RAM (byte-wise)
160 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
161 2 zero_gravi
__crt0_copy_data:
162 61 zero_gravi
  la   x11, __crt0_copy_data_src_begin        // start of data area (copy source)
163
  la   x12, __crt0_copy_data_dst_begin        // start of data area (copy destination)
164
  la   x13, __crt0_copy_data_dst_end          // last address of destination data area
165 2 zero_gravi
 
166
__crt0_copy_data_loop:
167
  bge  x12, x13,  __crt0_copy_data_loop_end
168
  lb   x14, 0(x11)
169
  sb   x14, 0(x12)
170
  addi x11, x11, 1
171
  addi x12, x12, 1
172
  j    __crt0_copy_data_loop
173
 
174
__crt0_copy_data_loop_end:
175
 
176
 
177 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
178 73 zero_gravi
// Clear .bss section (byte-wise)
179
// ************************************************************************************************
180
__crt0_clear_bss:
181
  la   x14,  __crt0_bss_start
182
  la   x15,  __crt0_bss_end
183
 
184
__crt0_clear_bss_loop:
185
  bge  x14,  x15, __crt0_clear_bss_loop_end
186
  sb   zero, 0(x14)
187
  addi x14,  x14, 1
188
  j    __crt0_clear_bss_loop
189
 
190
__crt0_clear_bss_loop_end:
191
 
192
 
193
// ************************************************************************************************
194 61 zero_gravi
// Setup arguments and call main function
195
// ************************************************************************************************
196 2 zero_gravi
__crt0_main_entry:
197 72 zero_gravi
  addi a0,  zero, 0                  // a0 = argc = 0
198
  addi a1,  zero, 0                  // a1 = argv = 0
199
  jal  ra,  main                     // call actual app's main function, this "should" not return
200 2 zero_gravi
 
201 72 zero_gravi
__crt0_main_exit:                    // main's "return" and "exit" will arrive here
202
  csrw mscratch, a0                  // backup main's return code to mscratch (for debugger)
203 2 zero_gravi
 
204 72 zero_gravi
 
205 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
206
// call "after main" handler (if there is any) if main really returns
207
// ************************************************************************************************
208 72 zero_gravi
#ifndef make_bootloader              // after_main handler not supported for bootloader
209
 
210 61 zero_gravi
__crt0_main_aftermath:
211
  .weak __neorv32_crt0_after_main
212
  la   ra, __neorv32_crt0_after_main
213
  beqz ra, __crt0_main_aftermath_end // check if an aftermath handler has been specified
214 72 zero_gravi
  jalr ra                            // execute handler with main's return code still in a0
215
 
216
__crt0_main_aftermath_end:
217
 
218 61 zero_gravi
#endif
219 2 zero_gravi
 
220
 
221 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
222
// go to endless sleep mode
223
// ************************************************************************************************
224 72 zero_gravi
__crt0_shutdown:
225
  csrci mstatus, 8                   // disable global IRQs (clear mstatus.mie)
226
  wfi                                // go to sleep mode
227 73 zero_gravi
  j .                                // endless loop
228 2 zero_gravi
 
229 61 zero_gravi
 
230
// ************************************************************************************************
231
// dummy trap handler (for exceptions & IRQs during very early boot stage)
232 72 zero_gravi
// does nothing but trying to move on to the next instruction
233 61 zero_gravi
// ************************************************************************************************
234 21 zero_gravi
.balign 4
235 14 zero_gravi
__crt0_dummy_trap_handler:
236 2 zero_gravi
 
237 72 zero_gravi
  addi  sp,   sp, -8
238
  sw    x8,   0(sp)
239
  sw    x9,   4(sp)
240 2 zero_gravi
 
241 61 zero_gravi
  csrr  x8,   mcause
242
  blt   x8,   zero, __crt0_dummy_trap_handler_irq  // skip mepc modification if interrupt
243 2 zero_gravi
 
244 61 zero_gravi
  csrr  x8,   mepc
245 2 zero_gravi
 
246 61 zero_gravi
__crt0_dummy_trap_handler_exc_c_check:             // is compressed instruction?
247
  lh    x9,   0(x8)                                // get compressed instruction or lower 16 bits of uncompressed instruction that caused exception
248
  andi  x9,   x9, 3                                // mask: isolate lowest 2 opcode bits (= 11 for uncompressed instructions)
249 2 zero_gravi
 
250 61 zero_gravi
  addi  x8,   x8, +2                               // only this for compressed instructions
251
  csrw  mepc, x8                                   // set return address when compressed instruction
252 2 zero_gravi
 
253 61 zero_gravi
  addi  x8,   zero, 3
254
  bne   x8,   x9, __crt0_dummy_trap_handler_irq    // jump if compressed instruction
255
 
256
__crt0_dummy_trap_handler_exc_uncrompressed:       // is uncompressed instruction!
257
  csrr  x8,   mepc
258
  addi  x8,   x8, +2                               // add another 2 (making +4) for uncompressed instructions
259 14 zero_gravi
  csrw  mepc, x8
260 2 zero_gravi
 
261 14 zero_gravi
__crt0_dummy_trap_handler_irq:
262 61 zero_gravi
  lw    x8,   0(sp)
263
  lw    x9,   4(sp)
264
  addi  sp,   sp, +8
265 2 zero_gravi
 
266
  mret
267
 
268 21 zero_gravi
.cfi_endproc
269
.end

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