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//

//

// Filename:    ttybus.cpp

//

// Project:     UART to WISHBONE FPGA library

//

// Purpose:     This is the C++ program on the command side that will interact

//              with a UART on an FPGA, to command the WISHBONE on that same

//              FPGA to ... whatever we wish to command it to do.

//

//              This code does not run on an FPGA, is not a test bench, neither

//              is it a simulator.  It is a portion of a command program

//              for commanding an FPGA.

//

// Creator:     Dan Gisselquist

//              Gisselquist Tecnology, LLC

//

// Copyright:   2015

//

//

#include <sys/socket.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <termios.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>

#include <netdb.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h> 

#include <assert.h> 

#include <strings.h> 

#include <poll.h> 

#include <ctype.h> 

#include "ttybus.h"

#define TTYC_IDLE       '0'

#define TTYC_BUSY       '1'

#define TTYC_WRITE      '2'

#define TTYC_RESET      '3'

#define TTYC_INT        '4'

#define TTYC_ERR        '5'

const   unsigned TTYBUS::MAXRDLEN = 1024;

const   unsigned TTYBUS::MAXWRLEN = 32;

// #define      DBGPRINTF       printf

// #define      DBGPRINTF       filedump

#ifndef DBGPRINTF

#define DBGPRINTF       null

#else

#warning "TTYBUS DEBUG IS TURNED ON"

#endif

void    null(...) {}

#include <stdarg.h> // replaces the (defunct) varargs.h include file

void    filedump(const char *fmt, ...) {

        static  FILE *dbgfp = NULL;

        va_list args;

        if (!dbgfp)

                dbgfp = fopen("debug.txt", "w");

        va_start(args, fmt);

        vfprintf(dbgfp, fmt, args);

        va_end(args);

        fflush(dbgfp);

        // If you want the debug output to go to stderr as well, you can

        // uncomment the next couple of lines

        // va_start(args, fmt);

        // vfprintf(stderr, fmt, args);

        // va_end(args);

}

char    TTYBUS::charenc(const int sixbitval) const {

        if (sixbitval < 10)

                return '0' + sixbitval;

        else if (sixbitval < 10+26)

                return 'A' - 10 + sixbitval;

        else if (sixbitval < 10+26+26)

                return 'a' - 10 - 26 + sixbitval;

        else if (sixbitval == 0x3e)

                return '@';

        else if (sixbitval == 0x3f)

                return '%';

        fprintf(stderr, "INTERNAL ERR: SIXBITVAL isn\'t!!!! sixbitval = %08x\n", sixbitval);

        assert((sixbitval & (~0x03f))==0);

        return 0;

}

unsigned        TTYBUS::chardec(const char b) const {

        if ((b >= '0')&&(b <= '9'))

                return b-'0';

        else if ((b >= 'A')&&(b <= 'Z'))

                return b-'A'+10;

        else if ((b >= 'a')&&(b <= 'z'))

                return b-'a'+36;

        else if (b == '@')

                return 0x03e;

        else if (b == '%')

                return 0x03f;

        else

                return 0x0100; // ERR -- invalid code

}

int     TTYBUS::lclreadcode(char *buf, int len) {

        char    *sp, *dp;

        int     nr, ret;

        nr = m_dev->read(buf, len);

        m_total_nread += nr;

        ret = nr; sp = buf; dp = buf;

        for(int i=0; i<nr; i++) {

                if (chardec(*sp)&(~0x3f)) {

                        ret--;  // Skip this value, not a valid codeword

                        sp++;

                } else {

                        *sp++ = *dp++;

                }

        } return ret;

}

void    TTYBUS::bufalloc(int len) {

        if ((m_buf)&&(m_buflen >= len))

                return;

        if (m_buf)

                delete[] m_buf;

        m_buflen = (len&(-0x3f))+0x40;

        m_buf = new char[m_buflen];

}

void    TTYBUS::encode(const int hb, const BUSW val, char *buf) const {

        buf[0] = charenc( (hb<<2)|((val>>30)&0x03) );

        buf[1] = charenc( (val>>24)&0x3f);

        buf[2] = charenc( (val>>18)&0x3f);

        buf[3] = charenc( (val>>12)&0x3f);

        buf[4] = charenc( (val>> 6)&0x3f);

        buf[5] = charenc( (val    )&0x3f);

}

unsigned        TTYBUS::decodestr(const char *buf) const {

        unsigned        r;

        r = chardec(buf[0]) & 0x03;

        r = (r<<6) | (chardec(buf[1]) & 0x03f);

        r = (r<<6) | (chardec(buf[2]) & 0x03f);

        r = (r<<6) | (chardec(buf[3]) & 0x03f);

        r = (r<<6) | (chardec(buf[4]) & 0x03f);

        r = (r<<6) | (chardec(buf[5]) & 0x03f);

        return r;

}

int     TTYBUS::decodehex(const char hx) const {

        if ((hx >= '0')&&(hx <= '9'))

                return hx-'0';

        else if ((hx >= 'A')&&(hx <= 'Z'))

                return hx-'A'+10;

        else if ((hx >= 'a')&&(hx <= 'z'))

                return hx-'a'+10;

        else

                return 0;

}

void    TTYBUS::writeio(const BUSW a, const BUSW v) {

        writev(a, 0, 1, &v);

        m_lastaddr = a; m_addr_set = true;

}

void    TTYBUS::writev(const BUSW a, const int p, const int len, const BUSW *buf) {

        char    *ptr;

        int     nw = 0;

        // We'll never be called with more than MAXWRLEN words to write at once.

        // This is a configurable option length, set at the top of this file.

        // (currently set at 32, but subject to change ...)  This is important,

        // as the return channel *must* be capable of holding at least this many

        // acknowledgments in its buffer.

        //

        // assert(len <= MAXWRLEN);

        // Allocate a buffer of six bytes per word, one for addr, plus

        // six more

        bufalloc((len+2)*6);

        DBGPRINTF("WRITEV(%08x,%d,#%d,0x%08x ...)\n", a, p, len, buf[0]);

        // Encode the address

        ptr = encode_address(a);

        m_lastaddr = a; m_addr_set = true;

        while(nw < len) {

                int     ln = len-nw;

                if ((unsigned)ln > MAXWRLEN)

                        ln = MAXWRLEN;

                for(int i=0; i<ln; i++) {

                        BUSW    val = buf[nw+i];

                        int     caddr = 0;

                        // Let's try compression

                        for(int i=1; i<256; i++) {

                                unsigned        tstaddr;

                                tstaddr = (m_wraddr - i) & 0x0ff;

                                if ((!m_wrloaded)&&(tstaddr > (unsigned)m_wraddr))

                                        break;

                                if (m_writetbl[tstaddr] == val) {

                                        caddr = ( m_wraddr- tstaddr ) & 0x0ff;

                                        break;

                                }

                        }

                /*

                if (caddr != 0)

                        DBGPRINTF("WR[%08x] = %08x (= TBL[%4x] <= %4x)\n", m_lastaddr, val, caddr, m_wraddr);

                else

                        DBGPRINTF("WR[%08x] = %08x\n", m_lastaddr, val);

                */

                        if (caddr != 0) {

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (((caddr>>6)&0x03)<<1) + (p?1:0) + 0x010);

                                *ptr++ = charenc(    caddr    &0x3f    );

                        } else {

                                // For testing, let's start just doing this the hard way

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (((val>>30)&0x03)<<1) + (p?1:0) + 0x018);

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (val>>24)&0x3f);

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (val>>18)&0x3f);

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (val>>12)&0x3f);

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (val>> 6)&0x3f);

                                *ptr++ = charenc( (val    )&0x3f);

                                m_writetbl[m_wraddr++] = val;

                                m_wraddr &= 0x0ff;

                                if (m_wraddr == 0) {

                                        m_wrloaded = true;

                                }

                        }

                        if (p == 1) m_lastaddr++;

                }

                // *ptr++ = charenc(0x2e);

                if (ln == len-nw)

                        *ptr++ = '\n';

                *ptr = '\0';

                m_dev->write(m_buf, ptr-m_buf);

                DBGPRINTF(">> %s\n", m_buf);

                readidle();

                nw += ln;

                ptr = m_buf;

        }

        DBGPRINTF("WR: LAST ADDRESS LEFT AT %08x\n", m_lastaddr);

        // Need to clear the incoming queue ... if there's anything there.

        // We could do a ...

        //      readacks(len);

        // to clear a known number of acks (up to half the length of our buffer

        // which we can let just sit for speed ...), or we could do a ...

        //      readtilidle(void);

        // Then, upon startup we could also start with a readtilidle(); command.

        // This would help to clear out the problems between programs, where

        // one program doesn't finish reading, and the next gets a confusing

        // message.

        readidle();

}

void    TTYBUS::writez(const BUSW a, const int len, const BUSW *buf) {

/*

        int     ln = len;

        const TTYBUS::BUSW *bptr = buf;

        TTYBUS::BUSW addr = a;

        while((unsigned)ln > MAXWRLEN) {

                writev(addr, 0, MAXWRLEN, bptr);

                bptr += MAXWRLEN;

                ln   -= MAXWRLEN;

                // addr += MAXWRLEN;

        } if ((unsigned)ln > 0)

                writev(addr, 0, ln, bptr);

*/

        writev(a, 0, len, buf);

}

void    TTYBUS::writei(const BUSW a, const int len, const BUSW *buf) {

/*

        int     ln = len;

        const TTYBUS::BUSW *bptr = buf;

        TTYBUS::BUSW addr = a;

        while((unsigned)ln > MAXWRLEN) {

                writev(addr, 1, MAXWRLEN, bptr);

                bptr += MAXWRLEN;

                ln   -= MAXWRLEN;

                addr += MAXWRLEN;

        } if ((unsigned)ln > 0)

                writev(addr, 1, ln, bptr);

*/

        writev(a, 1, len, buf);

}

TTYBUS::BUSW    TTYBUS::readio(const TTYBUS::BUSW a) {

        BUSW    v;

        // I/O reads are now the same as vector reads, but with a vector length

        // of one.

        DBGPRINTF("READIO(0x%08x)\n", a);

        try {

                readv(a, 0, 1, &v);

        } catch(BUSERR b) {

                DBGPRINTF("BUSERR trying to read %08x\n", a);

                throw BUSERR(a);

        }

        if (m_lastaddr != a) {

                DBGPRINTF("LAST-ADDR MIS-MATCH: (RCVD) %08x != %08x (XPECTED)\n", m_lastaddr, a);

                m_addr_set = false;

                exit(-3);

        }

        return v;

}

char    *TTYBUS::encode_address(const TTYBUS::BUSW a) {

        TTYBUS::BUSW    addr = a;

        char    *ptr = m_buf;

        if ((m_addr_set)&&(a == m_lastaddr))

                return ptr;

        if (m_addr_set) {

                // Encode a difference address

                int     diffaddr = addr - m_lastaddr;

                ptr = m_buf;

                if ((diffaddr >= -32)&&(diffaddr < 32)) {

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x09);

                        *ptr++ = charenc(diffaddr & 0x03f);

                } else if ((diffaddr >= -2048)&&(diffaddr < 2048)) {

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x0b);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((diffaddr>>6) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc( diffaddr     & 0x03f);

                } else if ((diffaddr >= -(1<<17))&&(diffaddr < (1<<17))) {

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x0d);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((diffaddr>>12) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((diffaddr>> 6) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc( diffaddr      & 0x03f);

                } else if ((diffaddr >= -(1<<23))&&(diffaddr < (1<<23))) {

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x0d);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((diffaddr>>18) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((diffaddr>>12) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((diffaddr>> 6) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc( diffaddr      & 0x03f);

                }

                *ptr = '\0';

                DBGPRINTF("DIF-ADDR: (%ld) \'%s\' encodes last_addr(0x%08x) %c %d(0x%08x)\n",

                        ptr-m_buf, m_buf,

                        m_lastaddr, (diffaddr<0)?'-':'+',

                        diffaddr, diffaddr&0x0ffffffff);

        }

        {

                // Encode an absolute (low memory) address

                // Prefer absolute address encoding over differential encoding,

                // when both encodings encode the same address, and when both

                // encode the address in the same number of words

                if ((addr <= 0x03f)&&((ptr == m_buf)||(ptr >= &m_buf[2]))) {

                        ptr = m_buf;

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x08);

                        *ptr++ = charenc(addr);

                } else if((addr <= 0x0fff)&&((ptr == m_buf)||(ptr >= &m_buf[3]))) {

                        DBGPRINTF("Setting ADDR.3 to %08x\n", addr);

                        ptr = m_buf;

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x0a);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((addr>> 6) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc( addr      & 0x03f);

                } else if((addr <= 0x03ffff)&&((ptr == m_buf)||(ptr >= &m_buf[4]))) {

                        DBGPRINTF("Setting ADDR.4 to %08x\n", addr);

                        ptr = m_buf;

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x0c);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((addr>>12) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((addr>> 6) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc( addr      & 0x03f);

                } else if((addr <= 0x0ffffff)&&((ptr == m_buf)||(ptr >= &m_buf[5]))) {

                        DBGPRINTF("Setting ADDR.5 to %08x\n", addr);

                        ptr = m_buf;

                        *ptr++ = charenc(0x0e);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((addr>>18) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((addr>>12) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc((addr>> 6) & 0x03f);

                        *ptr++ = charenc( addr      & 0x03f);

                } else if (ptr == m_buf) { // Send our address prior to any read

                        // ptr = m_buf;

                        encode(0, addr, ptr);

                        ptr+=6;

                }

        }

        *ptr = '\0';

        DBGPRINTF("ADDR-CMD: (%ld) \'%s\'\n", ptr-m_buf, m_buf);

        m_rdaddr = 0;

        return ptr;

}

char    *TTYBUS::readcmd(const int inc, const int len, char *buf) {

        char    *ptr = buf;

        DBGPRINTF("READCMD: LEN = %d: ", len);

        assert(len < 520);

        assert(len > 0);

        if (len <= 8) {

                *ptr++ = charenc(0x20 + (((len-1)&0x07)<<1) + (inc?1:0));

                DBGPRINTF("%c\n", ptr[-1]);

        } else {

                *ptr++ = charenc(0x30 + (((len-9)>>5)&0x0e) + (inc?1:0));

                *ptr++ = charenc( (len-9) & 0x03f);

                DBGPRINTF("%c%c\n", ptr[-2], ptr[-1]);

        }

        return ptr;

}

void    TTYBUS::readv(const TTYBUS::BUSW a, const int inc, const int len, TTYBUS::BUSW *buf) {

        const   int     READAHEAD = MAXRDLEN/2, READBLOCK=(MAXRDLEN/2>512)?512:MAXRDLEN/2;

        int     cmdrd = 0, nread = 0;

        // TTYBUS::BUSW addr = a;

        char    *ptr = m_buf;

        if (len <= 0)

                return;

        DBGPRINTF("READV(%08x,%d,#%4d)\n", a, inc, len);

        ptr = encode_address(a);

        try {

            while(cmdrd < len) {

                // ptr = m_buf;

                do {

                        int     nrd = len-cmdrd;

                        if (nrd > READBLOCK)

                                nrd = READBLOCK;

                        if (cmdrd-nread + nrd>READAHEAD+READBLOCK)

                                nrd = READAHEAD+READBLOCK-(cmdrd-nread);

                        ptr = readcmd(inc, nrd, ptr);

                        cmdrd += nrd;

                } while((cmdrd-nread < READAHEAD+READBLOCK)&&(cmdrd< len));

                *ptr++ = '\n'; *ptr = '\0';

                m_dev->write(m_buf, (ptr-m_buf));

                // DBGPRINTF("Reading %d words\n", (cmdrd-nread));

                while(nread<(cmdrd-READAHEAD)) {

                        buf[nread++] = readword();

                } ptr = m_buf;

            } // DBGPRINTF("Reading %d words, to end the read\n", len-nread);

            while(nread<len) {

                buf[nread++] = readword();

            }

        } catch(BUSERR b) {

                DBGPRINTF("READV::BUSERR trying to read %08x\n", a+((inc)?nread:0));

                throw BUSERR(a+((inc)?nread:0));

        }

        if ((unsigned)m_lastaddr != (a+((inc)?(len):0))) {

                DBGPRINTF("TTYBUS::READV(a=%08x,inc=%d,len=%4x,x) ERR: (Last) %08x != %08x + %08x (Expected)\n", a, inc, len, m_lastaddr, a, (inc)?(len):0);

                printf("TTYBUS::READV(a=%08x,inc=%d,len=%4x,x) ERR: (Last) %08x != %08x + %08x (Expected)\n", a, inc, len, m_lastaddr, a, (inc)?(len):0);

                sleep(1);

                assert((int)m_lastaddr == (a+(inc)?(len):0));

                exit(-3);

        }

        DBGPRINTF("READV::COMPLETE\n");

}

void    TTYBUS::readi(const TTYBUS::BUSW a, const int len, TTYBUS::BUSW *buf) {

        readv(a, 1, len, buf);

}

void    TTYBUS::readz(const TTYBUS::BUSW a, const int len, TTYBUS::BUSW *buf) {

        readv(a, 0, len, buf);

}

TTYBUS::BUSW    TTYBUS::readword(void) {

        TTYBUS::BUSW    val = 0;

        int             nr;

        unsigned        sixbits;

        DBGPRINTF("READ-WORD()\n");

        bool    found_start = false;

        do {

                // Blocking read (for now)

                do {

                        nr = lclreadcode(&m_buf[0], 1);

                } while (nr < 1);

                DBGPRINTF("READWORD: -- lclreadcode, nr = %d, m_buf[0] = %c\n", m_buf[0]);

                sixbits = chardec(m_buf[0]);

                if (sixbits&(~0x03f)) {

                        // Ignore new lines, unprintables, and characters

                        // not a part of our code

                        ;

                } else if (sixbits < 6) {

                        switch(sixbits) {

                        case 0:  break; // Idle -- ignore

                        case 1: break; // Idle, but the bus is busy

                        case 2: break; // Write acknowledgement, ignore it here

                        case 3:

                                m_bus_err = true;

                                DBGPRINTF("READWORD::BUSRESET (unknown addr)\n");

                                throw BUSERR(0);

                                break;

                        case 4:

                                m_interrupt_flag = true;

                                break;

                        case 5:

                                DBGPRINTF("READWORD::BUSERR (unknown addr)\n");

                                m_bus_err = true;

                                throw BUSERR(0);

                                break;

                        }

                } else if (0x08 == (sixbits & 0x3c)) { // Set 32-bit address

                        do {

                                nr += lclreadcode(&m_buf[nr], 6-nr);

                        } while (nr < 6);

                        val = chardec(m_buf[0]) & 0x03;

                        val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[1]) & 0x03f);

                        val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[2]) & 0x03f);

                        val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[3]) & 0x03f);

                        val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[4]) & 0x03f);

                        val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[5]) & 0x03f);

                        m_addr_set = true;

                        m_lastaddr = val;

                        DBGPRINTF("RCVD ADDR: 0x%08x\n", val);

                } else if (0x0c == (sixbits & 0x03c)) { // Set 32-bit address,compressed

                        int nw = (sixbits & 0x03) + 2;

                        do {

                                nr += lclreadcode(&m_buf[nr], nw-nr);

                        } while (nr < nw);

                        if (nw == 2) {

                                val = chardec(m_buf[1]);

                        } else if (nw == 3) {

                                val = chardec(m_buf[1]);

                                val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[2]) & 0x03f);

                        } else if (nw == 4) {

                                val = chardec(m_buf[1]);

                                val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[2]) & 0x03f);

                                val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[3]) & 0x03f);

                        } else { // if (nw == 5)

                                val = chardec(m_buf[1]);

                                val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[2]) & 0x03f);

                                val = (val<<6) | (chardec(m_buf[3]) & 0x03f);