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<!-- Copyright 2012, Sinclair R.F., Inc. -->
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<title>
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<title>
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Opcodes
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Opcodes
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</title>
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</title>
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<body>
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<body>
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<h1>Opcodes for the 9x8 micro controller</h1><br/>
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<h1>Opcodes for the 9x8 micro controller</h1><br/>
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Copyright 2012, Sinclair R.F., Inc.<br/><br/>
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Copyright 2012, 2014, Sinclair R.F., Inc.<br/><br/>
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This document describes the opcodes for the 9x8 micro controller. The first
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This document describes the opcodes for the 9x8 micro controller. The first
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section lists the opcodes in alphabetic order, the second lists them by their
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section lists the opcodes in alphabetic order, the second lists them by their
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numerical value, and the final section describes each one in detail.<br/><br/>
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numerical value, and the final section describes each one in detail.<br/><br/>
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Some of the opcodes are not directly accessible by the assembler and must be
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Some of the opcodes are not directly accessible by the assembler and must be
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accessed through macros. See <a href="macros.html">macros</a> for
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accessed through macros. See <a href="macros.html">macros</a> for
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<h1>OPCODES</h1>
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<h1>OPCODES</h1>
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This section documents the opcodes.<br/><br/>
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This section documents the opcodes.<br/><br/>
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Alphabetic listing:
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Alphabetic listing:
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<a href="#&">&</a>,
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<a href="#&">&</a>,
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<a href="#+">+</a>,
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<a href="#+">+</a>,
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<a href="#+c">+c</a>,
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<a href="#-">-</a>,
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<a href="#-">-</a>,
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<a href="#-1<>">-1<></a>,
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<a href="#-1<>">-1<></a>,
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<a href="#-1=">-1=</a>,
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<a href="#-1=">-1=</a>,
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<a href="#-c">-c</a>,
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<a href="#0<>">0<></a>,
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<a href="#0<>">0<></a>,
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<a href="#0=">0=</a>,
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<a href="#0=">0=</a>,
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<a href="#0>>">0>></a>,
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<a href="#0>>">0>></a>,
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<a href="#1+">1+></a>,
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<a href="#1+">1+></a>,
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<a href="#1-">1-></a>,
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<a href="#1-">1-></a>,
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</tr>
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</tr>
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<th align="left"><a href="#over">over</a></th>
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<th align="left"><a href="#over">over</a></th>
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<td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td>
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<td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td>
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<td align="left">push a duplicate of the next-to-top of the data stack onto the data stack</td>
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<td align="left">push a duplicate of the next-to-top of the data stack onto the data stack</td>
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</tr>
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</tr>
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<th align="left"><a href="#+c">+c</a></th>
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<td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>1</td>
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<td align="left">push the carry bit from N+T onto the data stack</td>
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</tr>
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<th align="left"><a href="#-c">-c</a></th>
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<td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td>
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<td align="left">push the carry bit from N-T onto the data stack</td>
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</tr>
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<th align="left"><a href="#swap">swap</a></th>
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<th align="left"><a href="#swap">swap</a></th>
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<td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td>
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<td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1</td><td>0</td>
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<td align="left">swap the top and the next-to-top of the data stack</td>
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<td align="left">swap the top and the next-to-top of the data stack</td>
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</tr>
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</tr>
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<th align="left"><a href="#+">+</a></th>
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<th align="left"><a href="#+">+</a></th>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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R and <tt>return</tt> unchanged<br/>
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R and <tt>return</tt> unchanged<br/>
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T ← N + T<br/>
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T ← N + T<br/>
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N ← <tt>stack--</tt><br/>
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N ← <tt>stack--</tt><br/>
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<br/>
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<br/>
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<h2><a name="+c">Instruction: +c</a></h2>
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<b>Desription:</b> Push the carry bit from N+T onto the data
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stack.<br/><br/>
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<b>Operation:</b><br/><br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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R and <tt>return</tt> unchanged<br/>
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T ← the msb of the 9-bit sum of N+T<br/>
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N ← T<br/>
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++stack ← N<br/>
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<br/>
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<h2><a name="-">Instruction: -</a></h2>
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<h2><a name="-">Instruction: -</a></h2>
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<b>Desription:</b> Pop the data stack and replace the top with the
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<b>Desription:</b> Pop the data stack and replace the top with the
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8 difference of the previous top and next-to-top.<br/><br/>
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8 difference of the previous top and next-to-top.<br/><br/>
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<b>Operation:</b><br/><br/>
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<b>Operation:</b><br/><br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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R and <tt>return</tt> unchanged<br/>
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R and <tt>return</tt> unchanged<br/>
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T ← 0xFF if T=0xFF, 0x00 otherwise<br/>
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T ← 0xFF if T=0xFF, 0x00 otherwise<br/>
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N and <tt>stack</tt> unchanged<br/>
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N and <tt>stack</tt> unchanged<br/>
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<br/>
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<br/>
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<h2><a name="-c">Instruction: -c</a></h2>
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<b>Desription:</b> Push the carry bit from N-T onto the data
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stack.<br/><br/>
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<b>Operation:</b><br/><br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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R and <tt>return</tt> unchanged<br/>
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T ← the msb of the 9-bit difference N-T<br/>
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N ← T<br/>
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++stack ← N<br/>
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<br/>
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<h2><a name="0<>">Instruction: 0<></a></h2>
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<h2><a name="0<>">Instruction: 0<></a></h2>
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<b>Desription:</b> Set the top of the stack to all ones if the previous
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<b>Desription:</b> Set the top of the stack to all ones if the previous
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value was not all zeros, otherwise set it to all zeros.<br/><br/>
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value was not all zeros, otherwise set it to all zeros.<br/><br/>
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<b>Operation:</b><br/><br/>
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<b>Operation:</b><br/><br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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PC ← PC+1<br/>
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