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<!DOCTYPE doctype PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
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<html><head>
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<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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  <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Internet Assistant for Word 1.0Z">
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  <meta name="SUBJECT" content="EE/CS 373">
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  <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Val Tareski"><title>Motorola S-record description</title></head><body>
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<h1>
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  <a name="top">Motorola S-records</a>
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</h1>
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The following fairly complete description of Motorola S-records was found
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a number of years ago on the man pages of a UNIX system.
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<hr>
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NAME
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<blockquote>
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  srec - S-record file and record format
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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DESCRIPTION
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</p><blockquote>
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  An S-record file consists of a sequence of specially formatted ASCII character
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  strings. An S-record will be less than or equal to 78 bytes in length.
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  <p>
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  The order of S-records within a file is of no significance and no particular
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  order may be assumed.
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  </p><p>
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  The general format of an S-record follows:
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</p></blockquote>
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<pre><tt>+-------------------//------------------//-----------------------+
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| type | count | address  |            data           | checksum |
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+-------------------//------------------//-----------------------+</tt>
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</pre>
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<blockquote>
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  type -- A char[2] field. These characters describe the type of record (S0,
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  S1, S2, S3, S5, S7, S8, or S9).
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  <p>
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  count -- A char[2] field. These characters when paired and interpreted as
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  a hexadecimal value, display the count of remaining character pairs in the
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  record.
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  </p><p>
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  address -- A char[4,6, or 8] field. These characters grouped and interpreted
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  as a hexadecimal value, display the address at which the data field is to
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  be loaded into memory. The length of the field depends on the number of bytes
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  necessary to hold the address. A 2-byte address uses 4 characters, a 3-byte
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  address uses 6 characters, and a 4-byte address uses 8 characters.
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  </p><p>
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  data -- A char [0-64] field. These characters when paired and interpreted
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  as hexadecimal values represent the memory loadable data or descriptive
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  information.
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  </p><p>
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  checksum -- A char[2] field. These characters when paired and interpreted
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  as a hexadecimal value display the least significant byte of the ones complement
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  of the sum of the byte values represented by the pairs of characters making
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  up the count, the address, and the data fields.
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  </p><p>
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  Each record is terminated with a line feed. If any additional or different
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  record terminator(s) or delay characters are needed during transmission to
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  the target system it is the responsibility of the transmitting program to
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  provide them.
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  </p><p>
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  S0 Record. The type of record is 'S0' (0x5330). The address field is unused
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  and will be filled with zeros (0x0000). The header information within the
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  data field is divided into the following subfields.
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  </p><p>
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</p><blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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  mname is char[20] and is the module name.<br>
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  ver is char[2] and is the version number.<br>
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  rev is char[2] and is the revision number.<br>
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  description is char[0-36] and is a text comment.
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  <p>
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</p></blockquote>
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  Each of the subfields is composed of ASCII bytes whose associated characters,
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  when paired, represent one byte hexadecimal values in the case of the version
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  and revision numbers, or represent the hexadecimal values of the ASCII characters
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  comprising the module name and description.
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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  S1 Record. The type of record field is 'S1' (0x5331). The address field is
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  intrepreted as a 2-byte address. The data field is composed of memory loadable
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  data.
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  </p><p>
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  S2 Record. The type of record field is 'S2' (0x5332). The address field is
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  intrepreted as a 3-byte address. The data field is composed of memory loadable
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  data.
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  </p><p>
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  S3 Record. The type of record field is 'S3' (0x5333). The address field is
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  intrepreted as a 4-byte address. The data field is composed of memory loadable
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  data.
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  </p><p>
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  S5 Record. The type of record field is 'S5' (0x5335). The address field is
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  intrepreted as a 2-byte value and contains the count of S1, S2, and S3 records
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  previously transmitted. There is no data field.
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  </p><p>
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  S7 Record. The type of record field is 'S7' (0x5337). The address field contains
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  the starting execution address and is intrepreted as 4-byte address. There
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  is no data field.
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  </p><p>
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  S8 Record. The type of record field is 'S8' (0x5338). The address field contains
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  the starting execution address and is intrepreted as 3-byte address. There
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  is no data field.
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  </p><p>
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  S9 Record. The type of record field is 'S9' (0x5339). The address field contains
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  the starting execution address and is intrepreted as 2-byte address. There
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  is no data field.
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</p></blockquote>
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<p>
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EXAMPLE
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</p><blockquote>
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  Shown below is a typical S-record format file.
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  <p>
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</p><blockquote>
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  <tt>S00600004844521B<br>
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  S1130000285F245F2212226A000424290008237C2A<br>
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  S11300100002000800082629001853812341001813<br>
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  S113002041E900084E42234300182342000824A952<br>
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  S107003000144ED492<br>
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  S5030004F8<br>
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  S9030000FC</tt>
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</blockquote>
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  <p>
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  The file consists of one S0 record, four S1 records, one S5 record and an
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  S9 record.
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  </p><p>
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  The S0 record is comprised as follows:
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</p><ul>
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  <li>S0 S-record type S0, indicating it is a header record.
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  </li><li>06 Hexadecimal 06 (decimal 6), indicating that six character pairs (or ASCII
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  bytes) follow.
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  </li><li>00 00 Four character 2-byte address field, zeroes in this example.<br>
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  </li><li>48 44 52 ASCII H, D, and R - "HDR".
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  </li><li>1B The checksum.
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</li></ul>
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  The first S1 record is comprised as follows:
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<ul>
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  <li>S1 S-record type S1, indicating it is a data record to be loaded at a 2-byte
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  address.
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  </li><li>13 Hexadecimal 13 (decimal 19), indicating that nineteen character pairs,
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  representing a 2 byte address, 16 bytes of binary data, and a 1 byte checksum,
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  follow.
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  </li><li>00 00 Four character 2-byte address field; hexidecimal address 0x0000, where
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  the data which follows is to be loaded.
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  </li><li>28 5F 24 5F 22 12 22 6A 00 04 24 29 00 08 23 7C Sixteen character pairs
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  representing the actual binary data.
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  </li><li>2A The checksum.
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</li></ul>
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  <p>
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  The second and third S1 records each contain 0x13 (19) character pairs and
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  are ended with checksums of 13 and 52, respectively. The fourth S1 record
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  contains 07 character pairs and has a checksum of 92.
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</p><p>
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  The S5 record is comprised as follows:
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</p><ul>
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  <li>S5 S-record type S5, indicating it is a count record indicating the number
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  of S1 records
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  </li><li>03 Hexadecimal 03 (decimal 3), indicating that three character pairs
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  follow.
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  </li><li>00 04 Hexadecimal 0004 (decimal 4), indicating that there are four data records
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  previous to this record.
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  </li><li>F8 The checksum.
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</li></ul>
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<p>
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  The S9 record is comprised as follows:
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</p><ul>
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  <li>S9 S-record type S9, indicating it is a termination record.
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  </li><li>03 Hexadecimal 03 (decimal 3), indicating that three character pairs
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  follow.
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  </li><li>00 00 The address field, hexadecimal 0 (decimal 0) indicating the starting
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  execution address.
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  </li><li>FC The checksum.
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</li></ul>
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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  </p><hr>
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<h2>
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  Instructor Notes
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</h2>
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<ul>
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  <li>
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    There isn't any evidence that Motorola ever has made use of the header
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    information within the data field of the S0 record, as described above. This
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    must have been used by some third party vendors.
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  </li><li>
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    This is the only place that a 78-byte limit on total record length or 64-byte
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    limit on data length is documented. These values shouldn't be trusted for
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    the general case.
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  </li><li>
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    The count field can have values in the range of 0x3 (2 bytes of address +
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    1 byte checksum = 3, a not very useful record) to 0xff; this is the count
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    of remaining character <big><b>pairs</b></big>, including checksum.
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  </li><li>
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    If you write code to convert S-Records, you should always assume that a record
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    can be as long as 514 (decimal) characters in length (255 * 2 = 510, plus
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    4 characters for the type and count fields), plus any terminating character(s).
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    That is, in establishing an input buffer in C, you would declare it to be
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    an array of 515 chars, thus leaving room for the terminating null character.
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</li></ul>
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<p>
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  </p><hr>
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<a href="#top">Beginning of document</a><br>
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