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-- #################################################################################################

-- # << NEORV32 - Arithmetical/Logical Unit >>                                                     #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # Main data/address ALU and ALU co-processor (= multi-cycle function units).                    #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # BSD 3-Clause License                                                                          #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # Copyright (c) 2022, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                                     #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are          #

-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met:                                     #

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-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              (c) Stephan Nolting #

-- #################################################################################################

library ieee;

use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

use ieee.numeric_std.all;

library neorv32;

use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;

entity neorv32_cpu_alu is

  generic (

    -- RISC-V CPU Extensions --

    CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B     : boolean; -- implement bit-manipulation extension?

    CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M     : boolean; -- implement mul/div extension?

    CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zmmul : boolean; -- implement multiply-only M sub-extension?

    CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zfinx : boolean; -- implement 32-bit floating-point extension (using INT reg!)

    CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zxcfu : boolean; -- implement custom (instr.) functions unit?

    -- Extension Options --

    FAST_MUL_EN               : boolean; -- use DSPs for M extension's multiplier

    FAST_SHIFT_EN             : boolean  -- use barrel shifter for shift operations

  );

  port (

    -- global control --

    clk_i       : in  std_ulogic; -- global clock, rising edge

    rstn_i      : in  std_ulogic; -- global reset, low-active, async

    ctrl_i      : in  std_ulogic_vector(ctrl_width_c-1 downto 0); -- main control bus

    -- data input --

    rs1_i       : in  std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- rf source 1

    rs2_i       : in  std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- rf source 2

    pc_i        : in  std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- current PC

    pc2_i       : in  std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- next PC

    imm_i       : in  std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- immediate

    csr_i       : in  std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- CSR read data

    -- data output --

    cmp_o       : out std_ulogic_vector(1 downto 0); -- comparator status

    res_o       : out std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- ALU result

    add_o       : out std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- address computation result

    fpu_flags_o : out std_ulogic_vector(4 downto 0); -- FPU exception flags

    -- status --

    idone_o     : out std_ulogic -- iterative processing units done?

  );

end neorv32_cpu_alu;

architecture neorv32_cpu_cpu_rtl of neorv32_cpu_alu is

  -- comparator --

  signal cmp_opx : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

  signal cmp_opy : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

  signal cmp     : std_ulogic_vector(1 downto 0); -- comparator status

  -- operands --

  signal opa, opb : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

  -- results --

  signal addsub_res : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

  signal alu_res    : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

  signal cp_res     : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

  -- co-processor arbiter and interface --

  type cp_ctrl_t is record

    cmd    : std_ulogic;

    cmd_ff : std_ulogic;

    start  : std_ulogic;

  end record;

  signal cp_ctrl : cp_ctrl_t;

  -- co-processor interface --

  type cp_data_if_t  is array (0 to 7)  of std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

  signal cp_result : cp_data_if_t; -- co-processor result

  signal cp_start  : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0); -- trigger co-processor i

  signal cp_valid  : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0); -- co-processor i done

begin

  -- Comparator Unit (for conditional branches) ---------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  cmp_opx <= (rs1_i(rs1_i'left) and (not ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_unsigned_c))) & rs1_i;

  cmp_opy <= (rs2_i(rs2_i'left) and (not ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_unsigned_c))) & rs2_i;

  cmp(cmp_equal_c) <= '1' when (rs1_i = rs2_i) else '0';

  cmp(cmp_less_c)  <= '1' when (signed(cmp_opx) < signed(cmp_opy)) else '0';

  cmp_o            <= cmp;

  -- ALU Input Operand Mux ------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  opa <= pc_i  when (ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_opa_mux_c) = '1') else rs1_i; -- operand a (first ALU input operand), only required for arithmetic ops

  opb <= imm_i when (ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_opb_mux_c) = '1') else rs2_i; -- operand b (second ALU input operand)

  -- Binary Adder/Subtracter ----------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  binary_arithmetic_core: process(ctrl_i, opa, opb)

    variable cin_v  : std_ulogic_vector(0 downto 0);

    variable op_a_v : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

    variable op_b_v : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

    variable op_y_v : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

    variable res_v  : std_ulogic_vector(data_width_c downto 0);

  begin

    -- operand sign-extension --

    op_a_v := (opa(opa'left) and (not ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_unsigned_c))) & opa;

    op_b_v := (opb(opb'left) and (not ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_unsigned_c))) & opb;

    -- add/sub(slt) select --

    if (ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_op0_c) = '1') then -- subtraction

      op_y_v   := not op_b_v;

      cin_v(0) := '1';

    else -- addition

      op_y_v   := op_b_v;

      cin_v(0) := '0';

    end if;

    -- adder core --

    addsub_res <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(op_a_v) + unsigned(op_y_v) + unsigned(cin_v(0 downto 0)));

  end process binary_arithmetic_core;

  -- direct output of adder result --

  add_o <= addsub_res(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

  -- ALU Operation Select -------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  alu_core: process(ctrl_i, addsub_res, rs1_i, opb)

  begin

    case ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_op2_c downto ctrl_alu_op0_c) is

      when alu_op_add_c  => alu_res <= addsub_res(data_width_c-1 downto 0); -- (default)

      when alu_op_sub_c  => alu_res <= addsub_res(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

--    when alu_op_mova_c => alu_res <= rs1_i; -- FIXME

      when alu_op_slt_c  => alu_res <= (others => '0'); alu_res(0) <= addsub_res(addsub_res'left); -- => carry/borrow

      when alu_op_movb_c => alu_res <= opb;

      when alu_op_xor_c  => alu_res <= rs1_i xor opb; -- only rs1 required for logic ops (opa would also contain pc)

      when alu_op_or_c   => alu_res <= rs1_i or  opb;

      when alu_op_and_c  => alu_res <= rs1_i and opb;

      when others        => alu_res <= addsub_res(data_width_c-1 downto 0);

    end case;

  end process alu_core;

  -- ALU Function Select --------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  alu_function_mux: process(ctrl_i, alu_res, pc2_i, csr_i, cp_res)

  begin

    case ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_func1_c downto ctrl_alu_func0_c) is

      when alu_func_core_c  => res_o <= alu_res; -- (default)

      when alu_func_nxpc_c  => res_o <= pc2_i;

      when alu_func_csrr_c  => res_o <= csr_i;

      when alu_func_copro_c => res_o <= cp_res;

      when others           => res_o <= alu_res; -- undefined

    end case;

  end process alu_function_mux;

  -- **************************************************************************************************************************

  -- CPU Co-Processors

  -- **************************************************************************************************************************

  -- Co-Processor Interface --

  -- Co-processor "valid" signal has to be asserted (for one cycle) one cycle before asserting output data

  -- Co-processor "output data" has to be always zero unless co-processor was explicitly triggered

  -- Co-Processor Arbiter -------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  cp_arbiter: process(rstn_i, clk_i)

  begin

    if (rstn_i = '0') then

      cp_ctrl.cmd_ff <= '0';

    elsif rising_edge(clk_i) then

      cp_ctrl.cmd_ff <= cp_ctrl.cmd;

    end if;

  end process cp_arbiter;

  -- is co-processor operation? --

  cp_ctrl.cmd   <= '1' when (ctrl_i(ctrl_alu_func1_c downto ctrl_alu_func0_c) = alu_func_copro_c) else '0';

  cp_ctrl.start <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.cmd = '1') and (cp_ctrl.cmd_ff = '0') else '0';

  -- co-processor select / start trigger --

  cp_start(0) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "000") else '0';

  cp_start(1) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "001") else '0';

  cp_start(2) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "010") else '0';

  cp_start(3) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "011") else '0';

  cp_start(4) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "100") else '0';

  cp_start(5) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "101") else '0';

  cp_start(6) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "110") else '0';

  cp_start(7) <= '1' when (cp_ctrl.start = '1') and (ctrl_i(ctrl_cp_id_msb_c downto ctrl_cp_id_lsb_c) = "111") else '0';

  -- co-processor operation done? --

  idone_o <= or_reduce_f(cp_valid);

  -- co-processor result - only the *actually selected* co-processor may output data != 0 --

  cp_res <= cp_result(0) or cp_result(1) or cp_result(2) or cp_result(3) or cp_result(4) or cp_result(5) or cp_result(6) or cp_result(7);

  -- Co-Processor 0: Shifter (CPU Core ISA) --------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  neorv32_cpu_cp_shifter_inst: neorv32_cpu_cp_shifter

  generic map (

    FAST_SHIFT_EN => FAST_SHIFT_EN -- use barrel shifter for shift operations

  )

  port map (

    -- global control --

    clk_i   => clk_i,        -- global clock, rising edge

    rstn_i  => rstn_i,       -- global reset, low-active, async

    ctrl_i  => ctrl_i,       -- main control bus

    start_i => cp_start(0),  -- trigger operation

    -- data input --

    rs1_i   => rs1_i,        -- rf source 1

    shamt_i => opb(index_size_f(data_width_c)-1 downto 0), -- shift amount

    -- result and status --

    res_o   => cp_result(0), -- operation result

    valid_o => cp_valid(0)   -- data output valid

  );

  -- Co-Processor 1: Integer Multiplication/Division ('M' Extension) ------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  neorv32_cpu_cp_muldiv_inst_true:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M = true) or (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zmmul = true) generate

    neorv32_cpu_cp_muldiv_inst: neorv32_cpu_cp_muldiv

    generic map (

      FAST_MUL_EN => FAST_MUL_EN,          -- use DSPs for faster multiplication

      DIVISION_EN => CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M -- implement divider hardware

    )

    port map (

      -- global control --

      clk_i   => clk_i,        -- global clock, rising edge

      rstn_i  => rstn_i,       -- global reset, low-active, async

      ctrl_i  => ctrl_i,       -- main control bus

      start_i => cp_start(1),  -- trigger operation

      -- data input --

      rs1_i   => rs1_i,        -- rf source 1

      rs2_i   => rs2_i,        -- rf source 2

      -- result and status --

      res_o   => cp_result(1), -- operation result

      valid_o => cp_valid(1)   -- data output valid

    );

  end generate;

  neorv32_cpu_cp_muldiv_inst_false:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_M = false) and (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zmmul = false) generate

    cp_result(1) <= (others => '0');

    cp_valid(1)  <= '0';

  end generate;

  -- Co-Processor 2: Bit-Manipulation Unit ('B' Extension) ----------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  neorv32_cpu_cp_bitmanip_inst_true:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B = true) generate

    neorv32_cpu_cp_bitmanip_inst: neorv32_cpu_cp_bitmanip

    generic map (

      FAST_SHIFT_EN => FAST_SHIFT_EN -- use barrel shifter for shift operations

    )

    port map (

      -- global control --

      clk_i   => clk_i,        -- global clock, rising edge

      rstn_i  => rstn_i,       -- global reset, low-active, async

      ctrl_i  => ctrl_i,       -- main control bus

      start_i => cp_start(2),  -- trigger operation

      -- data input --

      cmp_i   => cmp,          -- comparator status

      rs1_i   => rs1_i,        -- rf source 1

      rs2_i   => rs2_i,        -- rf source 2

      shamt_i => opb(index_size_f(data_width_c)-1 downto 0), -- shift amount

      -- result and status --

      res_o   => cp_result(2), -- operation result

      valid_o => cp_valid(2)   -- data output valid

    );

  end generate;

  neorv32_cpu_cp_bitmanip_inst_false:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_B = false) generate

    cp_result(2) <= (others => '0');

    cp_valid(2)  <= '0';

  end generate;

  -- Co-Processor 3: Single-Precision Floating-Point Unit ('Zfinx' Extension) ---------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  neorv32_cpu_cp_fpu_inst_true:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zfinx = true) generate

    neorv32_cpu_cp_fpu_inst: neorv32_cpu_cp_fpu

    port map (

      -- global control --

      clk_i    => clk_i,        -- global clock, rising edge  

      rstn_i   => rstn_i,       -- global reset, low-active, async

      ctrl_i   => ctrl_i,       -- main control bus

      start_i  => cp_start(3),  -- trigger operation

      -- data input --

      cmp_i    => cmp,          -- comparator status

      rs1_i    => rs1_i,        -- rf source 1

      rs2_i    => rs2_i,        -- rf source 2

      -- result and status --

      res_o    => cp_result(3), -- operation result

      fflags_o => fpu_flags_o,  -- exception flags

      valid_o  => cp_valid(3)   -- data output valid

    );

  end generate;

  neorv32_cpu_cp_fpu_inst_false:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zfinx = false) generate

    cp_result(3) <= (others => '0');

    fpu_flags_o  <= (others => '0');

    cp_valid(3)  <= '0';

  end generate;

  -- Co-Processor 4: Custom (Instructions) Functions Unit ('Zxcfu' Extension) ---------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  neorv32_cpu_cp_cfu_inst_true:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zxcfu = true) generate

    neorv32_cpu_cp_cfu_inst: neorv32_cpu_cp_cfu

    port map (

      -- global control --

      clk_i   => clk_i,        -- global clock, rising edge

      rstn_i  => rstn_i,       -- global reset, low-active, async

      ctrl_i  => ctrl_i,       -- main control bus

      start_i => cp_start(4),  -- trigger operation

      -- data input --

      rs1_i   => rs1_i,        -- rf source 1

      rs2_i   => rs2_i,        -- rf source 2

      -- result and status --

      res_o   => cp_result(4), -- operation result

      valid_o => cp_valid(4)   -- data output valid

    );

  end generate;

  neorv32_cpu_cp_cfu_inst_false:

  if (CPU_EXTENSION_RISCV_Zxcfu = false) generate

    cp_result(4) <= (others => '0');

    cp_valid(4)  <= '0';

  end generate;

  -- Co-Processor 5: Reserved ---------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  cp_result(5) <= (others => '0');

  cp_valid(5)  <= '0';

  -- Co-Processor 6: Reserved ---------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  cp_result(6) <= (others => '0');

  cp_valid(6)  <= '0';

  -- Co-Processor 7: Reserved ---------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  cp_result(7) <= (others => '0');

  cp_valid(7)  <= '0';

end neorv32_cpu_cpu_rtl;