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[/] [openarty/] [trunk/] [rtl/] [txuart.v] - Blame information for rev 33

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1 3 dgisselq
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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// Filename:    txuart.v
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//
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// Project:     FPGA library
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//
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// Purpose:     Transmit outputs over a single UART line.
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//
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//      To interface with this module, connect it to your system clock,
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//      pass it the 32 bit setup register (defined below) and the byte
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//      of data you wish to transmit.  Strobe the i_wr line high for one
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//      clock cycle, and your data will be off.  Wait until the 'o_busy'
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//      line is low before strobing the i_wr line again--this implementation
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//      has NO BUFFER, so strobing i_wr while the core is busy will just
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//      cause your data to be lost.  The output will be placed on the o_txuart
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//      output line.  If you wish to set/send a break condition, assert the
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//      i_break line otherwise leave it low.
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//
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//      There is a synchronous reset line, logic high.
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//
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//      Now for the setup register.  The register is 32 bits, so that this
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//      UART may be set up over a 32-bit bus.
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//
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//      i_setup[29:28]  Indicates the number of data bits per word.  This will
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//      either be 2'b00 for an 8-bit word, 2'b01 for a 7-bit word, 2'b10
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//      for a six bit word, or 2'b11 for a five bit word.
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//
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//      i_setup[27]     Indicates whether or not to use one or two stop bits.
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//              Set this to one to expect two stop bits, zero for one.
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//
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//      i_setup[26]     Indicates whether or not a parity bit exists.  Set this
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//              to 1'b1 to include parity.
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//
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//      i_setup[25]     Indicates whether or not the parity bit is fixed.  Set
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//              to 1'b1 to include a fixed bit of parity, 1'b0 to allow the
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//              parity to be set based upon data.  (Both assume the parity
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//              enable value is set.)
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//
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//      i_setup[24]     This bit is ignored if parity is not used.  Otherwise,
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//              in the case of a fixed parity bit, this bit indicates whether
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//              mark (1'b1) or space (1'b0) parity is used.  Likewise if the
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//              parity is not fixed, a 1'b1 selects even parity, and 1'b0
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//              selects odd.
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//
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//      i_setup[23:0]   Indicates the speed of the UART in terms of clocks.
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//              So, for example, if you have a 200 MHz clock and wish to
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//              run your UART at 9600 baud, you would take 200 MHz and divide
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//              by 9600 to set this value to 24'd20834.  Likewise if you wished
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//              to run this serial port at 115200 baud from a 200 MHz clock,
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//              you would set the value to 24'd1736
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//
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//      Thus, to set the UART for the common setting of an 8-bit word, 
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//      one stop bit, no parity, and 115200 baud over a 200 MHz clock, you
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//      would want to set the setup value to:
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//
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//      32'h0006c8              // For 115,200 baud, 8 bit, no parity
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//      32'h005161              // For 9600 baud, 8 bit, no parity
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//      
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//
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//
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// Creator:     Dan Gisselquist, Ph.D.
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//              Gisselquist Technology, LLC
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//
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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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// Copyright (C) 2015-2016, Gisselquist Technology, LLC
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//
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// This program is free software (firmware): you can redistribute it and/or
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// modify it under the terms of  the GNU General Public License as published
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// by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
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// your option) any later version.
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//
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// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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// ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTIBILITY or
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// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
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// for more details.
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//
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// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
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// with this program.  (It's in the $(ROOT)/doc directory, run make with no
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// target there if the PDF file isn't present.)  If not, see
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// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/> for a copy.
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//
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// License:     GPL, v3, as defined and found on www.gnu.org,
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//              http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
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//
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//
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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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//
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//
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//
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`define TXU_BIT_ZERO    4'h0
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`define TXU_BIT_ONE     4'h1
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`define TXU_BIT_TWO     4'h2
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`define TXU_BIT_THREE   4'h3
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`define TXU_BIT_FOUR    4'h4
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`define TXU_BIT_FIVE    4'h5
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`define TXU_BIT_SIX     4'h6
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`define TXU_BIT_SEVEN   4'h7
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`define TXU_PARITY      4'h8    // Constant 1
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`define TXU_STOP        4'h9    // Constant 1
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`define TXU_SECOND_STOP 4'ha
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// 4'hb // Unused
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// 4'hc // Unused
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// `define      TXU_START       4'hd    // An unused state
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`define TXU_BREAK       4'he
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`define TXU_IDLE        4'hf
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//
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//
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module txuart(i_clk, i_reset, i_setup, i_break, i_wr, i_data, o_uart, o_busy);
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        input                   i_clk, i_reset;
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        input           [29:0]   i_setup;
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        input                   i_break;
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        input                   i_wr;
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        input           [7:0]    i_data;
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        output  reg             o_uart;
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        output  wire            o_busy;
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        wire    [27:0]   clocks_per_baud, break_condition;
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        wire    [1:0]    data_bits;
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        wire            use_parity, parity_even, dblstop, fixd_parity;
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        reg     [29:0]   r_setup;
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        assign  clocks_per_baud = { 4'h0, r_setup[23:0] };
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        assign  break_condition = { r_setup[23:0], 4'h0 };
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        assign  data_bits   = r_setup[29:28];
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        assign  dblstop     = r_setup[27];
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        assign  use_parity  = r_setup[26];
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        assign  fixd_parity = r_setup[25];
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        assign  parity_even = r_setup[24];
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        reg     [27:0]   baud_counter;
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        reg     [3:0]    state;
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        reg     [7:0]    lcl_data;
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        reg             calc_parity, r_busy, zero_baud_counter;
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        initial o_uart = 1'b1;
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        initial r_busy = 1'b1;
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        initial state  = `TXU_IDLE;
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        initial lcl_data= 8'h0;
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        initial calc_parity = 1'b0;
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        // initial      baud_counter = clocks_per_baud;//ILLEGAL--not constant
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        always @(posedge i_clk)
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        begin
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                if (i_reset)
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                begin
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                        o_uart <= 1'b1;
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                        r_busy <= 1'b1;
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                        state <= `TXU_IDLE;
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                        lcl_data <= 8'h0;
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                        calc_parity <= 1'b0;
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                end else if (i_break)
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                begin
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                        o_uart <= 1'b0;
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                        state <= `TXU_BREAK;
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                        calc_parity <= 1'b0;
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                        r_busy <= 1'b1;
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                end else if (~zero_baud_counter)
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                begin // r_busy needs to be set coming into here
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                        r_busy <= 1'b1;
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                end else if (state == `TXU_BREAK)
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                begin
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                        state <= `TXU_IDLE;
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                        r_busy <= 1'b1;
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                        o_uart <= 1'b1;
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                        calc_parity <= 1'b0;
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                end else if (state == `TXU_IDLE)        // STATE_IDLE
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                begin
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                        // baud_counter <= 0;
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                        r_setup <= i_setup;
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                        calc_parity <= 1'b0;
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                        lcl_data <= i_data;
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                        if ((i_wr)&&(~r_busy))
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                        begin   // Immediately start us off with a start bit
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                                o_uart <= 1'b0;
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                                r_busy <= 1'b1;
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                                case(data_bits)
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                                2'b00: state <= `TXU_BIT_ZERO;
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                                2'b01: state <= `TXU_BIT_ONE;
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                                2'b10: state <= `TXU_BIT_TWO;
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                                2'b11: state <= `TXU_BIT_THREE;
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                                endcase
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                                // baud_counter <= clocks_per_baud-28'h01;
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                        end else begin // Stay in idle
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                                o_uart <= 1'b1;
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                                r_busy <= 0;
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                                // state <= state;
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                        end
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                end else begin
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                        // One clock tick in each of these states ...
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                        // baud_counter <= clocks_per_baud - 28'h01;
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                        r_busy <= 1'b1;
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                        if (state[3] == 0) // First 8 bits
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                        begin
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                                o_uart <= lcl_data[0];
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                                calc_parity <= calc_parity ^ lcl_data[0];
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                                if (state == `TXU_BIT_SEVEN)
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                                        state <= (use_parity)?`TXU_PARITY:`TXU_STOP;
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                                else
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                                        state <= state + 1;
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                                lcl_data <= { 1'b0, lcl_data[7:1] };
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                        end else if (state == `TXU_PARITY)
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                        begin
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                                state <= `TXU_STOP;
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                                if (fixd_parity)
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                                        o_uart <= parity_even;
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                                else
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                                        o_uart <= calc_parity^((parity_even)? 1'b1:1'b0);
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                        end else if (state == `TXU_STOP)
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                        begin // two stop bit(s)
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                                o_uart <= 1'b1;
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                                if (dblstop)
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                                        state <= `TXU_SECOND_STOP;
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                                else
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                                        state <= `TXU_IDLE;
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                                calc_parity <= 1'b0;
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                        end else // `TXU_SECOND_STOP and default:
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                        begin
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                                state <= `TXU_IDLE; // Go back to idle
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                                o_uart <= 1'b1;
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                                // Still r_busy, since we need to wait
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                                // for the baud clock to finish counting
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                                // out this last bit.
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                        end
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                end
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        end
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        assign  o_busy = (r_busy);
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        initial zero_baud_counter = 1'b1;
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        initial baud_counter = 28'd200000; // 1ms @ 200MHz
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        always @(posedge i_clk)
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        begin
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                zero_baud_counter <= (baud_counter == 28'h01);
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                if ((i_reset)||(i_break))
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                        // Give ourselves 16 bauds before being ready
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                        baud_counter <= break_condition;
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                else if (~zero_baud_counter)
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                        baud_counter <= baud_counter - 28'h01;
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                else if (state == `TXU_BREAK)
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                        // Give us two stop bits before becoming available
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                        baud_counter <= clocks_per_baud<<2;
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                else if (state == `TXU_IDLE)
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                begin
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                        if((i_wr)&&(~r_busy))
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                                baud_counter <= clocks_per_baud - 28'h01;
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                        else
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                                zero_baud_counter <= 1'b1;
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                end else
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                        baud_counter <= clocks_per_baud - 28'h01;
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        end
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endmodule
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