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/* Optimization of PHI nodes by converting them into straightline code.

   Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010

   Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the

Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any

later version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see

<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

#include "config.h"

#include "system.h"

#include "coretypes.h"

#include "tm.h"

#include "ggc.h"

#include "tree.h"

#include "flags.h"

#include "tm_p.h"

#include "basic-block.h"

#include "timevar.h"

#include "tree-flow.h"

#include "tree-pass.h"

#include "tree-dump.h"

#include "langhooks.h"

#include "pointer-set.h"

#include "domwalk.h"

#include "cfgloop.h"

#include "tree-data-ref.h"

static unsigned int tree_ssa_phiopt (void);

static unsigned int tree_ssa_phiopt_worker (bool);

static bool conditional_replacement (basic_block, basic_block,

                                     edge, edge, gimple, tree, tree);

static bool value_replacement (basic_block, basic_block,

                               edge, edge, gimple, tree, tree);

static bool minmax_replacement (basic_block, basic_block,

                                edge, edge, gimple, tree, tree);

static bool abs_replacement (basic_block, basic_block,

                             edge, edge, gimple, tree, tree);

static bool cond_store_replacement (basic_block, basic_block, edge, edge,

                                    struct pointer_set_t *);

static bool cond_if_else_store_replacement (basic_block, basic_block, basic_block);

static struct pointer_set_t * get_non_trapping (void);

static void replace_phi_edge_with_variable (basic_block, edge, gimple, tree);

/* This pass tries to replaces an if-then-else block with an

   assignment.  We have four kinds of transformations.  Some of these

   transformations are also performed by the ifcvt RTL optimizer.

   Conditional Replacement

   -----------------------

   This transformation, implemented in conditional_replacement,

   replaces

     bb0:

      if (cond) goto bb2; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

     bb2:

      x = PHI <0 (bb1), 1 (bb0), ...>;

   with

     bb0:

      x' = cond;

      goto bb2;

     bb2:

      x = PHI <x' (bb0), ...>;

   We remove bb1 as it becomes unreachable.  This occurs often due to

   gimplification of conditionals.

   Value Replacement

   -----------------

   This transformation, implemented in value_replacement, replaces

     bb0:

       if (a != b) goto bb2; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

     bb2:

       x = PHI <a (bb1), b (bb0), ...>;

   with

     bb0:

     bb2:

       x = PHI <b (bb0), ...>;

   This opportunity can sometimes occur as a result of other

   optimizations.

   ABS Replacement

   ---------------

   This transformation, implemented in abs_replacement, replaces

     bb0:

       if (a >= 0) goto bb2; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

       x = -a;

     bb2:

       x = PHI <x (bb1), a (bb0), ...>;

   with

     bb0:

       x' = ABS_EXPR< a >;

     bb2:

       x = PHI <x' (bb0), ...>;

   MIN/MAX Replacement

   -------------------

   This transformation, minmax_replacement replaces

     bb0:

       if (a <= b) goto bb2; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

     bb2:

       x = PHI <b (bb1), a (bb0), ...>;

   with

     bb0:

       x' = MIN_EXPR (a, b)

     bb2:

       x = PHI <x' (bb0), ...>;

   A similar transformation is done for MAX_EXPR.  */

static unsigned int

tree_ssa_phiopt (void)

{

  return tree_ssa_phiopt_worker (false);

}

/* This pass tries to transform conditional stores into unconditional

   ones, enabling further simplifications with the simpler then and else

   blocks.  In particular it replaces this:

     bb0:

       if (cond) goto bb2; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

       *p = RHS;

     bb2:

   with

     bb0:

       if (cond) goto bb1; else goto bb2;

     bb1:

       condtmp' = *p;

     bb2:

       condtmp = PHI <RHS, condtmp'>

       *p = condtmp;

   This transformation can only be done under several constraints,

   documented below.  It also replaces:

     bb0:

       if (cond) goto bb2; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

       *p = RHS1;

       goto bb3;

     bb2:

       *p = RHS2;

     bb3:

   with

     bb0:

       if (cond) goto bb3; else goto bb1;

     bb1:

     bb3:

       condtmp = PHI <RHS1, RHS2>

       *p = condtmp;  */

static unsigned int

tree_ssa_cs_elim (void)

{

  return tree_ssa_phiopt_worker (true);

}

/* For conditional store replacement we need a temporary to

   put the old contents of the memory in.  */

static tree condstoretemp;

/* The core routine of conditional store replacement and normal

   phi optimizations.  Both share much of the infrastructure in how

   to match applicable basic block patterns.  DO_STORE_ELIM is true

   when we want to do conditional store replacement, false otherwise.  */

static unsigned int

tree_ssa_phiopt_worker (bool do_store_elim)

{

  basic_block bb;

  basic_block *bb_order;

  unsigned n, i;

  bool cfgchanged = false;

  struct pointer_set_t *nontrap = 0;

  if (do_store_elim)

    {

      condstoretemp = NULL_TREE;

      /* Calculate the set of non-trapping memory accesses.  */

      nontrap = get_non_trapping ();

    }

  /* Search every basic block for COND_EXPR we may be able to optimize.

     We walk the blocks in order that guarantees that a block with

     a single predecessor is processed before the predecessor.

     This ensures that we collapse inner ifs before visiting the

     outer ones, and also that we do not try to visit a removed

     block.  */

  bb_order = blocks_in_phiopt_order ();

  n = n_basic_blocks - NUM_FIXED_BLOCKS;

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

    {

      gimple cond_stmt, phi;

      basic_block bb1, bb2;

      edge e1, e2;

      tree arg0, arg1;

      bb = bb_order[i];

      cond_stmt = last_stmt (bb);

      /* Check to see if the last statement is a GIMPLE_COND.  */

      if (!cond_stmt

          || gimple_code (cond_stmt) != GIMPLE_COND)

        continue;

      e1 = EDGE_SUCC (bb, 0);

      bb1 = e1->dest;

      e2 = EDGE_SUCC (bb, 1);

      bb2 = e2->dest;

      /* We cannot do the optimization on abnormal edges.  */

      if ((e1->flags & EDGE_ABNORMAL) != 0

          || (e2->flags & EDGE_ABNORMAL) != 0)

       continue;

      /* If either bb1's succ or bb2 or bb2's succ is non NULL.  */

      if (EDGE_COUNT (bb1->succs) == 0

          || bb2 == NULL

          || EDGE_COUNT (bb2->succs) == 0)

        continue;

      /* Find the bb which is the fall through to the other.  */

      if (EDGE_SUCC (bb1, 0)->dest == bb2)

        ;

      else if (EDGE_SUCC (bb2, 0)->dest == bb1)

        {

          basic_block bb_tmp = bb1;

          edge e_tmp = e1;

          bb1 = bb2;

          bb2 = bb_tmp;

          e1 = e2;

          e2 = e_tmp;

        }

      else if (do_store_elim

               && EDGE_SUCC (bb1, 0)->dest == EDGE_SUCC (bb2, 0)->dest)

        {

          basic_block bb3 = EDGE_SUCC (bb1, 0)->dest;

          if (!single_succ_p (bb1)

              || (EDGE_SUCC (bb1, 0)->flags & EDGE_FALLTHRU) == 0

              || !single_succ_p (bb2)

              || (EDGE_SUCC (bb2, 0)->flags & EDGE_FALLTHRU) == 0

              || EDGE_COUNT (bb3->preds) != 2)

            continue;

          if (cond_if_else_store_replacement (bb1, bb2, bb3))

            cfgchanged = true;

          continue;

        }

      else

        continue;

      e1 = EDGE_SUCC (bb1, 0);

      /* Make sure that bb1 is just a fall through.  */

      if (!single_succ_p (bb1)

          || (e1->flags & EDGE_FALLTHRU) == 0)

        continue;

      /* Also make sure that bb1 only have one predecessor and that it

         is bb.  */

      if (!single_pred_p (bb1)

          || single_pred (bb1) != bb)

        continue;

      if (do_store_elim)

        {

          /* bb1 is the middle block, bb2 the join block, bb the split block,

             e1 the fallthrough edge from bb1 to bb2.  We can't do the

             optimization if the join block has more than two predecessors.  */

          if (EDGE_COUNT (bb2->preds) > 2)

            continue;

          if (cond_store_replacement (bb1, bb2, e1, e2, nontrap))

            cfgchanged = true;

        }

      else

        {

          gimple_seq phis = phi_nodes (bb2);

          gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;

          /* Check to make sure that there is only one non-virtual PHI node.

             TODO: we could do it with more than one iff the other PHI nodes

             have the same elements for these two edges.  */

          phi = NULL;

          for (gsi = gsi_start (phis); !gsi_end_p (gsi); gsi_next (&gsi))

            {

              if (!is_gimple_reg (gimple_phi_result (gsi_stmt (gsi))))

                continue;

              if (phi)

                {

                  phi = NULL;

                  break;

                }

              phi = gsi_stmt (gsi);

            }

          if (!phi)

            continue;

          arg0 = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e1->dest_idx);

          arg1 = gimple_phi_arg_def (phi, e2->dest_idx);

          /* Something is wrong if we cannot find the arguments in the PHI

             node.  */

          gcc_assert (arg0 != NULL && arg1 != NULL);

          /* Do the replacement of conditional if it can be done.  */

          if (conditional_replacement (bb, bb1, e1, e2, phi, arg0, arg1))

            cfgchanged = true;

          else if (value_replacement (bb, bb1, e1, e2, phi, arg0, arg1))

            cfgchanged = true;

          else if (abs_replacement (bb, bb1, e1, e2, phi, arg0, arg1))

            cfgchanged = true;

          else if (minmax_replacement (bb, bb1, e1, e2, phi, arg0, arg1))

            cfgchanged = true;

        }

    }

  free (bb_order);

  if (do_store_elim)

    pointer_set_destroy (nontrap);

  /* If the CFG has changed, we should cleanup the CFG.  */

  if (cfgchanged && do_store_elim)

    {

      /* In cond-store replacement we have added some loads on edges

         and new VOPS (as we moved the store, and created a load).  */

      gsi_commit_edge_inserts ();

      return TODO_cleanup_cfg | TODO_update_ssa_only_virtuals;

    }

  else if (cfgchanged)

    return TODO_cleanup_cfg;

  return 0;

}

/* Returns the list of basic blocks in the function in an order that guarantees

   that if a block X has just a single predecessor Y, then Y is after X in the

   ordering.  */

basic_block *

blocks_in_phiopt_order (void)

{

  basic_block x, y;

  basic_block *order = XNEWVEC (basic_block, n_basic_blocks);

  unsigned n = n_basic_blocks - NUM_FIXED_BLOCKS;

  unsigned np, i;

  sbitmap visited = sbitmap_alloc (last_basic_block);

#define MARK_VISITED(BB) (SET_BIT (visited, (BB)->index))

#define VISITED_P(BB) (TEST_BIT (visited, (BB)->index))

  sbitmap_zero (visited);

  MARK_VISITED (ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR);

  FOR_EACH_BB (x)

    {

      if (VISITED_P (x))

        continue;

      /* Walk the predecessors of x as long as they have precisely one

         predecessor and add them to the list, so that they get stored

         after x.  */

      for (y = x, np = 1;

           single_pred_p (y) && !VISITED_P (single_pred (y));

           y = single_pred (y))

        np++;

      for (y = x, i = n - np;

           single_pred_p (y) && !VISITED_P (single_pred (y));

           y = single_pred (y), i++)

        {

          order[i] = y;

          MARK_VISITED (y);

        }

      order[i] = y;

      MARK_VISITED (y);

      gcc_assert (i == n - 1);

      n -= np;

    }

  sbitmap_free (visited);

  gcc_assert (n == 0);

  return order;

#undef MARK_VISITED

#undef VISITED_P

}

/* Return TRUE if block BB has no executable statements, otherwise return

   FALSE.  */

bool

empty_block_p (basic_block bb)

{

  /* BB must have no executable statements.  */

  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_after_labels (bb);

  if (gsi_end_p (gsi))

    return true;

  if (is_gimple_debug (gsi_stmt (gsi)))

    gsi_next_nondebug (&gsi);

  return gsi_end_p (gsi);

}

/* Replace PHI node element whose edge is E in block BB with variable NEW.

   Remove the edge from COND_BLOCK which does not lead to BB (COND_BLOCK

   is known to have two edges, one of which must reach BB).  */

static void

replace_phi_edge_with_variable (basic_block cond_block,

                                edge e, gimple phi, tree new_tree)

{

  basic_block bb = gimple_bb (phi);

  basic_block block_to_remove;

  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;

  /* Change the PHI argument to new.  */

  SET_USE (PHI_ARG_DEF_PTR (phi, e->dest_idx), new_tree);

  /* Remove the empty basic block.  */

  if (EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->dest == bb)

    {

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->flags |= EDGE_FALLTHRU;

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->flags &= ~(EDGE_TRUE_VALUE | EDGE_FALSE_VALUE);

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->probability = REG_BR_PROB_BASE;

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->count += EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 1)->count;

      block_to_remove = EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 1)->dest;

    }

  else

    {

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 1)->flags |= EDGE_FALLTHRU;

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 1)->flags

        &= ~(EDGE_TRUE_VALUE | EDGE_FALSE_VALUE);

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 1)->probability = REG_BR_PROB_BASE;

      EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 1)->count += EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->count;

      block_to_remove = EDGE_SUCC (cond_block, 0)->dest;

    }

  delete_basic_block (block_to_remove);

  /* Eliminate the COND_EXPR at the end of COND_BLOCK.  */

  gsi = gsi_last_bb (cond_block);

  gsi_remove (&gsi, true);

  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))

    fprintf (dump_file,

              "COND_EXPR in block %d and PHI in block %d converted to straightline code.\n",

              cond_block->index,

              bb->index);

}

/*  The function conditional_replacement does the main work of doing the

    conditional replacement.  Return true if the replacement is done.

    Otherwise return false.

    BB is the basic block where the replacement is going to be done on.  ARG0

    is argument 0 from PHI.  Likewise for ARG1.  */

static bool

conditional_replacement (basic_block cond_bb, basic_block middle_bb,

                         edge e0, edge e1, gimple phi,

                         tree arg0, tree arg1)

{

  tree result;

  gimple stmt, new_stmt;

  tree cond;

  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;

  edge true_edge, false_edge;

  tree new_var, new_var2;

  /* FIXME: Gimplification of complex type is too hard for now.  */

  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg0)) == COMPLEX_TYPE

      || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg1)) == COMPLEX_TYPE)

    return false;

  /* The PHI arguments have the constants 0 and 1, then convert

     it to the conditional.  */

  if ((integer_zerop (arg0) && integer_onep (arg1))

      || (integer_zerop (arg1) && integer_onep (arg0)))

    ;

  else

    return false;

  if (!empty_block_p (middle_bb))

    return false;

  /* At this point we know we have a GIMPLE_COND with two successors.

     One successor is BB, the other successor is an empty block which

     falls through into BB.

     There is a single PHI node at the join point (BB) and its arguments

     are constants (0, 1).

     So, given the condition COND, and the two PHI arguments, we can

     rewrite this PHI into non-branching code:

       dest = (COND) or dest = COND'

     We use the condition as-is if the argument associated with the

     true edge has the value one or the argument associated with the

     false edge as the value zero.  Note that those conditions are not

     the same since only one of the outgoing edges from the GIMPLE_COND

     will directly reach BB and thus be associated with an argument.  */

  stmt = last_stmt (cond_bb);

  result = PHI_RESULT (phi);

  /* To handle special cases like floating point comparison, it is easier and

     less error-prone to build a tree and gimplify it on the fly though it is

     less efficient.  */

  cond = fold_build2_loc (gimple_location (stmt),

                          gimple_cond_code (stmt), boolean_type_node,

                          gimple_cond_lhs (stmt), gimple_cond_rhs (stmt));

  /* We need to know which is the true edge and which is the false

     edge so that we know when to invert the condition below.  */

  extract_true_false_edges_from_block (cond_bb, &true_edge, &false_edge);

  if ((e0 == true_edge && integer_zerop (arg0))

      || (e0 == false_edge && integer_onep (arg0))

      || (e1 == true_edge && integer_zerop (arg1))

      || (e1 == false_edge && integer_onep (arg1)))

    cond = fold_build1_loc (gimple_location (stmt),

                            TRUTH_NOT_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (cond), cond);

  /* Insert our new statements at the end of conditional block before the

     COND_STMT.  */

  gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);

  new_var = force_gimple_operand_gsi (&gsi, cond, true, NULL, true,

                                      GSI_SAME_STMT);

  if (!useless_type_conversion_p (TREE_TYPE (result), TREE_TYPE (new_var)))

    {

      source_location locus_0, locus_1;

      new_var2 = create_tmp_var (TREE_TYPE (result), NULL);

      add_referenced_var (new_var2);

      new_stmt = gimple_build_assign_with_ops (CONVERT_EXPR, new_var2,

                                               new_var, NULL);

      new_var2 = make_ssa_name (new_var2, new_stmt);

      gimple_assign_set_lhs (new_stmt, new_var2);

      gsi_insert_before (&gsi, new_stmt, GSI_SAME_STMT);

      new_var = new_var2;

      /* Set the locus to the first argument, unless is doesn't have one.  */

      locus_0 = gimple_phi_arg_location (phi, 0);

      locus_1 = gimple_phi_arg_location (phi, 1);

      if (locus_0 == UNKNOWN_LOCATION)

        locus_0 = locus_1;

      gimple_set_location (new_stmt, locus_0);

    }

  replace_phi_edge_with_variable (cond_bb, e1, phi, new_var);

  /* Note that we optimized this PHI.  */

  return true;

}

/* Update *ARG which is defined in STMT so that it contains the

   computed value if that seems profitable.  Return true if the

   statement is made dead by that rewriting.  */

static bool

jump_function_from_stmt (tree *arg, gimple stmt)

{

  enum tree_code code = gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt);

  if (code == ADDR_EXPR)

    {

      /* For arg = &p->i transform it to p, if possible.  */

      tree rhs1 = gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt);

      HOST_WIDE_INT offset;

      tree tem = get_addr_base_and_unit_offset (TREE_OPERAND (rhs1, 0),

                                                &offset);

      if (tem

          && TREE_CODE (tem) == MEM_REF

          && double_int_zero_p

               (double_int_add (mem_ref_offset (tem),

                                shwi_to_double_int (offset))))

        {

          *arg = TREE_OPERAND (tem, 0);

          return true;

        }

    }

  /* TODO: Much like IPA-CP jump-functions we want to handle constant

     additions symbolically here, and we'd need to update the comparison

     code that compares the arg + cst tuples in our caller.  For now the

     code above exactly handles the VEC_BASE pattern from vec.h.  */

  return false;

}

/*  The function value_replacement does the main work of doing the value

    replacement.  Return true if the replacement is done.  Otherwise return

    false.

    BB is the basic block where the replacement is going to be done on.  ARG0

    is argument 0 from the PHI.  Likewise for ARG1.  */

static bool

value_replacement (basic_block cond_bb, basic_block middle_bb,

                   edge e0, edge e1, gimple phi,

                   tree arg0, tree arg1)

{

  gimple_stmt_iterator gsi;

  gimple cond;

  edge true_edge, false_edge;

  enum tree_code code;

  /* If the type says honor signed zeros we cannot do this

     optimization.  */

  if (HONOR_SIGNED_ZEROS (TYPE_MODE (TREE_TYPE (arg1))))

    return false;

  /* Allow a single statement in MIDDLE_BB that defines one of the PHI

     arguments.  */

  gsi = gsi_after_labels (middle_bb);

  if (!gsi_end_p (gsi))

    {

      if (is_gimple_debug (gsi_stmt (gsi)))

        gsi_next_nondebug (&gsi);

      if (!gsi_end_p (gsi))

        {

          gimple stmt = gsi_stmt (gsi);

          tree lhs;

          gsi_next_nondebug (&gsi);

          if (!gsi_end_p (gsi))

            return false;

          if (!is_gimple_assign (stmt))

            return false;

          /* Now try to adjust arg0 or arg1 according to the computation

             in the single statement.  */

          lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (stmt);

          if (!((lhs == arg0

                 && jump_function_from_stmt (&arg0, stmt))

                || (lhs == arg1

                    && jump_function_from_stmt (&arg1, stmt))))

            return false;

        }

    }

  cond = last_stmt (cond_bb);

  code = gimple_cond_code (cond);

  /* This transformation is only valid for equality comparisons.  */

  if (code != NE_EXPR && code != EQ_EXPR)

    return false;

  /* We need to know which is the true edge and which is the false

      edge so that we know if have abs or negative abs.  */

  extract_true_false_edges_from_block (cond_bb, &true_edge, &false_edge);

  /* At this point we know we have a COND_EXPR with two successors.

     One successor is BB, the other successor is an empty block which

     falls through into BB.

     The condition for the COND_EXPR is known to be NE_EXPR or EQ_EXPR.

     There is a single PHI node at the join point (BB) with two arguments.

     We now need to verify that the two arguments in the PHI node match

     the two arguments to the equality comparison.  */

  if ((operand_equal_for_phi_arg_p (arg0, gimple_cond_lhs (cond))

       && operand_equal_for_phi_arg_p (arg1, gimple_cond_rhs (cond)))

      || (operand_equal_for_phi_arg_p (arg1, gimple_cond_lhs (cond))

          && operand_equal_for_phi_arg_p (arg0, gimple_cond_rhs (cond))))

    {

      edge e;

      tree arg;

      /* For NE_EXPR, we want to build an assignment result = arg where

         arg is the PHI argument associated with the true edge.  For

         EQ_EXPR we want the PHI argument associated with the false edge.  */

      e = (code == NE_EXPR ? true_edge : false_edge);

      /* Unfortunately, E may not reach BB (it may instead have gone to

         OTHER_BLOCK).  If that is the case, then we want the single outgoing

         edge from OTHER_BLOCK which reaches BB and represents the desired

         path from COND_BLOCK.  */

      if (e->dest == middle_bb)

        e = single_succ_edge (e->dest);

      /* Now we know the incoming edge to BB that has the argument for the

         RHS of our new assignment statement.  */

      if (e0 == e)

        arg = arg0;

      else

        arg = arg1;

      replace_phi_edge_with_variable (cond_bb, e1, phi, arg);

      /* Note that we optimized this PHI.  */

      return true;

    }

  return false;