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1 747 jeremybenn
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
2
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
3
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
4
 
5
// Package strings implements simple functions to manipulate strings.
6
package strings
7
 
8
import (
9
        "unicode"
10
        "unicode/utf8"
11
)
12
 
13
// explode splits s into an array of UTF-8 sequences, one per Unicode character (still strings) up to a maximum of n (n < 0 means no limit).
14
// Invalid UTF-8 sequences become correct encodings of U+FFF8.
15
func explode(s string, n int) []string {
16
        if n == 0 {
17
                return nil
18
        }
19
        l := utf8.RuneCountInString(s)
20
        if n <= 0 || n > l {
21
                n = l
22
        }
23
        a := make([]string, n)
24
        var size int
25
        var ch rune
26
        i, cur := 0, 0
27
        for ; i+1 < n; i++ {
28
                ch, size = utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s[cur:])
29
                a[i] = string(ch)
30
                cur += size
31
        }
32
        // add the rest, if there is any
33
        if cur < len(s) {
34
                a[i] = s[cur:]
35
        }
36
        return a
37
}
38
 
39
// Count counts the number of non-overlapping instances of sep in s.
40
func Count(s, sep string) int {
41
        if sep == "" {
42
                return utf8.RuneCountInString(s) + 1
43
        }
44
        c := sep[0]
45
        l := len(sep)
46
        n := 0
47
        if l == 1 {
48
                // special case worth making fast
49
                for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
50
                        if s[i] == c {
51
                                n++
52
                        }
53
                }
54
                return n
55
        }
56
        for i := 0; i+l <= len(s); i++ {
57
                if s[i] == c && s[i:i+l] == sep {
58
                        n++
59
                        i += l - 1
60
                }
61
        }
62
        return n
63
}
64
 
65
// Contains returns true if substr is within s.
66
func Contains(s, substr string) bool {
67
        return Index(s, substr) >= 0
68
}
69
 
70
// ContainsAny returns true if any Unicode code points in chars are within s.
71
func ContainsAny(s, chars string) bool {
72
        return IndexAny(s, chars) >= 0
73
}
74
 
75
// ContainsRune returns true if the Unicode code point r is within s.
76
func ContainsRune(s string, r rune) bool {
77
        return IndexRune(s, r) >= 0
78
}
79
 
80
// Index returns the index of the first instance of sep in s, or -1 if sep is not present in s.
81
func Index(s, sep string) int {
82
        n := len(sep)
83
        if n == 0 {
84
                return 0
85
        }
86
        c := sep[0]
87
        if n == 1 {
88
                // special case worth making fast
89
                for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
90
                        if s[i] == c {
91
                                return i
92
                        }
93
                }
94
                return -1
95
        }
96
        // n > 1
97
        for i := 0; i+n <= len(s); i++ {
98
                if s[i] == c && s[i:i+n] == sep {
99
                        return i
100
                }
101
        }
102
        return -1
103
}
104
 
105
// LastIndex returns the index of the last instance of sep in s, or -1 if sep is not present in s.
106
func LastIndex(s, sep string) int {
107
        n := len(sep)
108
        if n == 0 {
109
                return len(s)
110
        }
111
        c := sep[0]
112
        if n == 1 {
113
                // special case worth making fast
114
                for i := len(s) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
115
                        if s[i] == c {
116
                                return i
117
                        }
118
                }
119
                return -1
120
        }
121
        // n > 1
122
        for i := len(s) - n; i >= 0; i-- {
123
                if s[i] == c && s[i:i+n] == sep {
124
                        return i
125
                }
126
        }
127
        return -1
128
}
129
 
130
// IndexRune returns the index of the first instance of the Unicode code point
131
// r, or -1 if rune is not present in s.
132
func IndexRune(s string, r rune) int {
133
        switch {
134
        case r < 0x80:
135
                b := byte(r)
136
                for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
137
                        if s[i] == b {
138
                                return i
139
                        }
140
                }
141
        default:
142
                for i, c := range s {
143
                        if c == r {
144
                                return i
145
                        }
146
                }
147
        }
148
        return -1
149
}
150
 
151
// IndexAny returns the index of the first instance of any Unicode code point
152
// from chars in s, or -1 if no Unicode code point from chars is present in s.
153
func IndexAny(s, chars string) int {
154
        if len(chars) > 0 {
155
                for i, c := range s {
156
                        for _, m := range chars {
157
                                if c == m {
158
                                        return i
159
                                }
160
                        }
161
                }
162
        }
163
        return -1
164
}
165
 
166
// LastIndexAny returns the index of the last instance of any Unicode code
167
// point from chars in s, or -1 if no Unicode code point from chars is
168
// present in s.
169
func LastIndexAny(s, chars string) int {
170
        if len(chars) > 0 {
171
                for i := len(s); i > 0; {
172
                        rune, size := utf8.DecodeLastRuneInString(s[0:i])
173
                        i -= size
174
                        for _, m := range chars {
175
                                if rune == m {
176
                                        return i
177
                                }
178
                        }
179
                }
180
        }
181
        return -1
182
}
183
 
184
// Generic split: splits after each instance of sep,
185
// including sepSave bytes of sep in the subarrays.
186
func genSplit(s, sep string, sepSave, n int) []string {
187
        if n == 0 {
188
                return nil
189
        }
190
        if sep == "" {
191
                return explode(s, n)
192
        }
193
        if n < 0 {
194
                n = Count(s, sep) + 1
195
        }
196
        c := sep[0]
197
        start := 0
198
        a := make([]string, n)
199
        na := 0
200
        for i := 0; i+len(sep) <= len(s) && na+1 < n; i++ {
201
                if s[i] == c && (len(sep) == 1 || s[i:i+len(sep)] == sep) {
202
                        a[na] = s[start : i+sepSave]
203
                        na++
204
                        start = i + len(sep)
205
                        i += len(sep) - 1
206
                }
207
        }
208
        a[na] = s[start:]
209
        return a[0 : na+1]
210
}
211
 
212
// SplitN slices s into substrings separated by sep and returns a slice of
213
// the substrings between those separators.
214
// If sep is empty, SplitN splits after each UTF-8 sequence.
215
// The count determines the number of substrings to return:
216
//   n > 0: at most n substrings; the last substring will be the unsplit remainder.
217
//   n == 0: the result is nil (zero substrings)
218
//   n < 0: all substrings
219
func SplitN(s, sep string, n int) []string { return genSplit(s, sep, 0, n) }
220
 
221
// SplitAfterN slices s into substrings after each instance of sep and
222
// returns a slice of those substrings.
223
// If sep is empty, SplitAfterN splits after each UTF-8 sequence.
224
// The count determines the number of substrings to return:
225
//   n > 0: at most n substrings; the last substring will be the unsplit remainder.
226
//   n == 0: the result is nil (zero substrings)
227
//   n < 0: all substrings
228
func SplitAfterN(s, sep string, n int) []string {
229
        return genSplit(s, sep, len(sep), n)
230
}
231
 
232
// Split slices s into all substrings separated by sep and returns a slice of
233
// the substrings between those separators.
234
// If sep is empty, Split splits after each UTF-8 sequence.
235
// It is equivalent to SplitN with a count of -1.
236
func Split(s, sep string) []string { return genSplit(s, sep, 0, -1) }
237
 
238
// SplitAfter slices s into all substrings after each instance of sep and
239
// returns a slice of those substrings.
240
// If sep is empty, SplitAfter splits after each UTF-8 sequence.
241
// It is equivalent to SplitAfterN with a count of -1.
242
func SplitAfter(s, sep string) []string {
243
        return genSplit(s, sep, len(sep), -1)
244
}
245
 
246
// Fields splits the string s around each instance of one or more consecutive white space
247
// characters, returning an array of substrings of s or an empty list if s contains only white space.
248
func Fields(s string) []string {
249
        return FieldsFunc(s, unicode.IsSpace)
250
}
251
 
252
// FieldsFunc splits the string s at each run of Unicode code points c satisfying f(c)
253
// and returns an array of slices of s. If all code points in s satisfy f(c) or the
254
// string is empty, an empty slice is returned.
255
func FieldsFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) []string {
256
        // First count the fields.
257
        n := 0
258
        inField := false
259
        for _, rune := range s {
260
                wasInField := inField
261
                inField = !f(rune)
262
                if inField && !wasInField {
263
                        n++
264
                }
265
        }
266
 
267
        // Now create them.
268
        a := make([]string, n)
269
        na := 0
270
        fieldStart := -1 // Set to -1 when looking for start of field.
271
        for i, rune := range s {
272
                if f(rune) {
273
                        if fieldStart >= 0 {
274
                                a[na] = s[fieldStart:i]
275
                                na++
276
                                fieldStart = -1
277
                        }
278
                } else if fieldStart == -1 {
279
                        fieldStart = i
280
                }
281
        }
282
        if fieldStart >= 0 { // Last field might end at EOF.
283
                a[na] = s[fieldStart:]
284
        }
285
        return a
286
}
287
 
288
// Join concatenates the elements of a to create a single string.   The separator string
289
// sep is placed between elements in the resulting string.
290
func Join(a []string, sep string) string {
291
        if len(a) == 0 {
292
                return ""
293
        }
294
        if len(a) == 1 {
295
                return a[0]
296
        }
297
        n := len(sep) * (len(a) - 1)
298
        for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
299
                n += len(a[i])
300
        }
301
 
302
        b := make([]byte, n)
303
        bp := copy(b, a[0])
304
        for _, s := range a[1:] {
305
                bp += copy(b[bp:], sep)
306
                bp += copy(b[bp:], s)
307
        }
308
        return string(b)
309
}
310
 
311
// HasPrefix tests whether the string s begins with prefix.
312
func HasPrefix(s, prefix string) bool {
313
        return len(s) >= len(prefix) && s[0:len(prefix)] == prefix
314
}
315
 
316
// HasSuffix tests whether the string s ends with suffix.
317
func HasSuffix(s, suffix string) bool {
318
        return len(s) >= len(suffix) && s[len(s)-len(suffix):] == suffix
319
}
320
 
321
// Map returns a copy of the string s with all its characters modified
322
// according to the mapping function. If mapping returns a negative value, the character is
323
// dropped from the string with no replacement.
324
func Map(mapping func(rune) rune, s string) string {
325
        // In the worst case, the string can grow when mapped, making
326
        // things unpleasant.  But it's so rare we barge in assuming it's
327
        // fine.  It could also shrink but that falls out naturally.
328
        maxbytes := len(s) // length of b
329
        nbytes := 0        // number of bytes encoded in b
330
        // The output buffer b is initialized on demand, the first
331
        // time a character differs.
332
        var b []byte
333
 
334
        for i, c := range s {
335
                r := mapping(c)
336
                if b == nil {
337
                        if r == c {
338
                                continue
339
                        }
340
                        b = make([]byte, maxbytes)
341
                        nbytes = copy(b, s[:i])
342
                }
343
                if r >= 0 {
344
                        wid := 1
345
                        if r >= utf8.RuneSelf {
346
                                wid = utf8.RuneLen(r)
347
                        }
348
                        if nbytes+wid > maxbytes {
349
                                // Grow the buffer.
350
                                maxbytes = maxbytes*2 + utf8.UTFMax
351
                                nb := make([]byte, maxbytes)
352
                                copy(nb, b[0:nbytes])
353
                                b = nb
354
                        }
355
                        nbytes += utf8.EncodeRune(b[nbytes:maxbytes], r)
356
                }
357
        }
358
        if b == nil {
359
                return s
360
        }
361
        return string(b[0:nbytes])
362
}
363
 
364
// Repeat returns a new string consisting of count copies of the string s.
365
func Repeat(s string, count int) string {
366
        b := make([]byte, len(s)*count)
367
        bp := 0
368
        for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
369
                for j := 0; j < len(s); j++ {
370
                        b[bp] = s[j]
371
                        bp++
372
                }
373
        }
374
        return string(b)
375
}
376
 
377
// ToUpper returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their upper case.
378
func ToUpper(s string) string { return Map(unicode.ToUpper, s) }
379
 
380
// ToLower returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their lower case.
381
func ToLower(s string) string { return Map(unicode.ToLower, s) }
382
 
383
// ToTitle returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their title case.
384
func ToTitle(s string) string { return Map(unicode.ToTitle, s) }
385
 
386
// ToUpperSpecial returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their
387
// upper case, giving priority to the special casing rules.
388
func ToUpperSpecial(_case unicode.SpecialCase, s string) string {
389
        return Map(func(r rune) rune { return _case.ToUpper(r) }, s)
390
}
391
 
392
// ToLowerSpecial returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their
393
// lower case, giving priority to the special casing rules.
394
func ToLowerSpecial(_case unicode.SpecialCase, s string) string {
395
        return Map(func(r rune) rune { return _case.ToLower(r) }, s)
396
}
397
 
398
// ToTitleSpecial returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters mapped to their
399
// title case, giving priority to the special casing rules.
400
func ToTitleSpecial(_case unicode.SpecialCase, s string) string {
401
        return Map(func(r rune) rune { return _case.ToTitle(r) }, s)
402
}
403
 
404
// isSeparator reports whether the rune could mark a word boundary.
405
// TODO: update when package unicode captures more of the properties.
406
func isSeparator(r rune) bool {
407
        // ASCII alphanumerics and underscore are not separators
408
        if r <= 0x7F {
409
                switch {
410
                case '0' <= r && r <= '9':
411
                        return false
412
                case 'a' <= r && r <= 'z':
413
                        return false
414
                case 'A' <= r && r <= 'Z':
415
                        return false
416
                case r == '_':
417
                        return false
418
                }
419
                return true
420
        }
421
        // Letters and digits are not separators
422
        if unicode.IsLetter(r) || unicode.IsDigit(r) {
423
                return false
424
        }
425
        // Otherwise, all we can do for now is treat spaces as separators.
426
        return unicode.IsSpace(r)
427
}
428
 
429
// BUG(r): The rule Title uses for word boundaries does not handle Unicode punctuation properly.
430
 
431
// Title returns a copy of the string s with all Unicode letters that begin words
432
// mapped to their title case.
433
func Title(s string) string {
434
        // Use a closure here to remember state.
435
        // Hackish but effective. Depends on Map scanning in order and calling
436
        // the closure once per rune.
437
        prev := ' '
438
        return Map(
439
                func(r rune) rune {
440
                        if isSeparator(prev) {
441
                                prev = r
442
                                return unicode.ToTitle(r)
443
                        }
444
                        prev = r
445
                        return r
446
                },
447
                s)
448
}
449
 
450
// TrimLeftFunc returns a slice of the string s with all leading
451
// Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) removed.
452
func TrimLeftFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) string {
453
        i := indexFunc(s, f, false)
454
        if i == -1 {
455
                return ""
456
        }
457
        return s[i:]
458
}
459
 
460
// TrimRightFunc returns a slice of the string s with all trailing
461
// Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) removed.
462
func TrimRightFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) string {
463
        i := lastIndexFunc(s, f, false)
464
        if i >= 0 && s[i] >= utf8.RuneSelf {
465
                _, wid := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s[i:])
466
                i += wid
467
        } else {
468
                i++
469
        }
470
        return s[0:i]
471
}
472
 
473
// TrimFunc returns a slice of the string s with all leading
474
// and trailing Unicode code points c satisfying f(c) removed.
475
func TrimFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) string {
476
        return TrimRightFunc(TrimLeftFunc(s, f), f)
477
}
478
 
479
// IndexFunc returns the index into s of the first Unicode
480
// code point satisfying f(c), or -1 if none do.
481
func IndexFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) int {
482
        return indexFunc(s, f, true)
483
}
484
 
485
// LastIndexFunc returns the index into s of the last
486
// Unicode code point satisfying f(c), or -1 if none do.
487
func LastIndexFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool) int {
488
        return lastIndexFunc(s, f, true)
489
}
490
 
491
// indexFunc is the same as IndexFunc except that if
492
// truth==false, the sense of the predicate function is
493
// inverted.
494
func indexFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool, truth bool) int {
495
        start := 0
496
        for start < len(s) {
497
                wid := 1
498
                r := rune(s[start])
499
                if r >= utf8.RuneSelf {
500
                        r, wid = utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s[start:])
501
                }
502
                if f(r) == truth {
503
                        return start
504
                }
505
                start += wid
506
        }
507
        return -1
508
}
509
 
510
// lastIndexFunc is the same as LastIndexFunc except that if
511
// truth==false, the sense of the predicate function is
512
// inverted.
513
func lastIndexFunc(s string, f func(rune) bool, truth bool) int {
514
        for i := len(s); i > 0; {
515
                r, size := utf8.DecodeLastRuneInString(s[0:i])
516
                i -= size
517
                if f(r) == truth {
518
                        return i
519
                }
520
        }
521
        return -1
522
}
523
 
524
func makeCutsetFunc(cutset string) func(rune) bool {
525
        return func(r rune) bool { return IndexRune(cutset, r) >= 0 }
526
}
527
 
528
// Trim returns a slice of the string s with all leading and
529
// trailing Unicode code points contained in cutset removed.
530
func Trim(s string, cutset string) string {
531
        if s == "" || cutset == "" {
532
                return s
533
        }
534
        return TrimFunc(s, makeCutsetFunc(cutset))
535
}
536
 
537
// TrimLeft returns a slice of the string s with all leading
538
// Unicode code points contained in cutset removed.
539
func TrimLeft(s string, cutset string) string {
540
        if s == "" || cutset == "" {
541
                return s
542
        }
543
        return TrimLeftFunc(s, makeCutsetFunc(cutset))
544
}
545
 
546
// TrimRight returns a slice of the string s, with all trailing
547
// Unicode code points contained in cutset removed.
548
func TrimRight(s string, cutset string) string {
549
        if s == "" || cutset == "" {
550
                return s
551
        }
552
        return TrimRightFunc(s, makeCutsetFunc(cutset))
553
}
554
 
555
// TrimSpace returns a slice of the string s, with all leading
556
// and trailing white space removed, as defined by Unicode.
557
func TrimSpace(s string) string {
558
        return TrimFunc(s, unicode.IsSpace)
559
}
560
 
561
// Replace returns a copy of the string s with the first n
562
// non-overlapping instances of old replaced by new.
563
// If n < 0, there is no limit on the number of replacements.
564
func Replace(s, old, new string, n int) string {
565
        if old == new || n == 0 {
566
                return s // avoid allocation
567
        }
568
 
569
        // Compute number of replacements.
570
        if m := Count(s, old); m == 0 {
571
                return s // avoid allocation
572
        } else if n < 0 || m < n {
573
                n = m
574
        }
575
 
576
        // Apply replacements to buffer.
577
        t := make([]byte, len(s)+n*(len(new)-len(old)))
578
        w := 0
579
        start := 0
580
        for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
581
                j := start
582
                if len(old) == 0 {
583
                        if i > 0 {
584
                                _, wid := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s[start:])
585
                                j += wid
586
                        }
587
                } else {
588
                        j += Index(s[start:], old)
589
                }
590
                w += copy(t[w:], s[start:j])
591
                w += copy(t[w:], new)
592
                start = j + len(old)
593
        }
594
        w += copy(t[w:], s[start:])
595
        return string(t[0:w])
596
}
597
 
598
// EqualFold reports whether s and t, interpreted as UTF-8 strings,
599
// are equal under Unicode case-folding.
600
func EqualFold(s, t string) bool {
601
        for s != "" && t != "" {
602
                // Extract first rune from each string.
603
                var sr, tr rune
604
                if s[0] < utf8.RuneSelf {
605
                        sr, s = rune(s[0]), s[1:]
606
                } else {
607
                        r, size := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s)
608
                        sr, s = r, s[size:]
609
                }
610
                if t[0] < utf8.RuneSelf {
611
                        tr, t = rune(t[0]), t[1:]
612
                } else {
613
                        r, size := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(t)
614
                        tr, t = r, t[size:]
615
                }
616
 
617
                // If they match, keep going; if not, return false.
618
 
619
                // Easy case.
620
                if tr == sr {
621
                        continue
622
                }
623
 
624
                // Make sr < tr to simplify what follows.
625
                if tr < sr {
626
                        tr, sr = sr, tr
627
                }
628
                // Fast check for ASCII.
629
                if tr < utf8.RuneSelf && 'A' <= sr && sr <= 'Z' {
630
                        // ASCII, and sr is upper case.  tr must be lower case.
631
                        if tr == sr+'a'-'A' {
632
                                continue
633
                        }
634
                        return false
635
                }
636
 
637
                // General case.  SimpleFold(x) returns the next equivalent rune > x
638
                // or wraps around to smaller values.
639
                r := unicode.SimpleFold(sr)
640
                for r != sr && r < tr {
641
                        r = unicode.SimpleFold(r)
642
                }
643
                if r == tr {
644
                        continue
645
                }
646
                return false
647
        }
648
 
649
        // One string is empty.  Are both?
650
        return s == t
651
}

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