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/* DomConsumer.java --

   Copyright (C) 1999,2000,2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GNU Classpath.

GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)

any later version.

GNU Classpath is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but

WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

along with GNU Classpath; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the

Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA

02110-1301 USA.

Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is

making a combined work based on this library.  Thus, the terms and

conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole

combination.

As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you

permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an

executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent

modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under

terms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked

independent module, the terms and conditions of the license of that

module.  An independent module is a module which is not derived from

or based on this library.  If you modify this library, you may extend

this exception to your version of the library, but you are not

obligated to do so.  If you do not wish to do so, delete this

exception statement from your version. */

package gnu.xml.pipeline;

import gnu.xml.util.DomParser;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;

import org.xml.sax.ContentHandler;

import org.xml.sax.DTDHandler;

import org.xml.sax.ErrorHandler;

import org.xml.sax.Locator;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import org.xml.sax.SAXNotRecognizedException;

import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;

import org.xml.sax.ext.DeclHandler;

import org.xml.sax.ext.LexicalHandler;

import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;

import org.w3c.dom.Attr;

import org.w3c.dom.CDATASection;

import org.w3c.dom.CharacterData;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import org.w3c.dom.DOMImplementation;

import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import org.w3c.dom.EntityReference;

import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import org.w3c.dom.ProcessingInstruction;

import org.w3c.dom.Text;

/**

 * This consumer builds a DOM Document from its input, acting either as a

 * pipeline terminus or as an intermediate buffer.  When a document's worth

 * of events has been delivered to this consumer, that document is read with

 * a {@link DomParser} and sent to the next consumer.  It is also available

 * as a read-once property.

 *

 * <p>The DOM tree is constructed as faithfully as possible.  There are some

 * complications since a DOM should expose behaviors that can't be implemented

 * without API backdoors into that DOM, and because some SAX parsers don't

 * report all the information that DOM permits to be exposed.  The general

 * problem areas involve information from the Document Type Declaration (DTD).

 * DOM only represents a limited subset, but has some behaviors that depend

 * on much deeper knowledge of a document's DTD.  You shouldn't have much to

 * worry about unless you change handling of "noise" nodes from its default

 * setting (which ignores them all); note if you use JAXP to populate your

 * DOM trees, it wants to save "noise" nodes by default.  (Such nodes include

 * ignorable whitespace, comments, entity references and CDATA boundaries.)

 * Otherwise, your

 * main worry will be if you use a SAX parser that doesn't flag ignorable

 * whitespace unless it's validating (few don't).

 *

 * <p> The SAX2 events used as input must contain XML Names for elements

 * and attributes, with original prefixes.  In SAX2,

 * this is optional unless the "namespace-prefixes" parser feature is set.

 * Moreover, many application components won't provide completely correct

 * structures anyway.  <em>Before you convert a DOM to an output document,

 * you should plan to postprocess it to create or repair such namespace

 * information.</em> The {@link NSFilter} pipeline stage does such work.

 *

 * <p> <em>Note:  changes late in DOM L2 process made it impractical to

 * attempt to create the DocumentType node in any implementation-neutral way,

 * much less to populate it (L1 didn't support even creating such nodes).

 * To create and populate such a node, subclass the inner

 * {@link DomConsumer.Handler} class and teach it about the backdoors into

 * whatever DOM implementation you want.  It's possible that some revised

 * DOM API (L3?) will make this problem solvable again. </em>

 *

 * @see DomParser

 *

 * @author David Brownell

 */

public class DomConsumer implements EventConsumer

{

    private Class               domImpl;

    private boolean             hidingCDATA = true;

    private boolean             hidingComments = true;

    private boolean             hidingWhitespace = true;

    private boolean             hidingReferences = true;

    private Handler             handler;

    private ErrorHandler        errHandler;

    private EventConsumer       next;

    // FIXME:  this can't be a generic pipeline stage just now,

    // since its input became a Class not a String (to be turned

    // into a class, using the right class loader)

    /**

     * Configures this pipeline terminus to use the specified implementation

     * of DOM when constructing its result value.

     *

     * @param impl class implementing {@link org.w3c.dom.Document Document}

     *  which publicly exposes a default constructor

     *

     * @exception SAXException when there is a problem creating an

     *  empty DOM document using the specified implementation

     */

    public DomConsumer (Class impl)

    throws SAXException

    {

        domImpl = impl;

        handler = new Handler (this);

    }

    /**

     * This is the hook through which a subclass provides a handler

     * which knows how to access DOM extensions, specific to some

     * implementation, to record additional data in a DOM.

     * Treat this as part of construction; don't call it except

     * before (or between) parses.

     */

    protected void setHandler (Handler h)

    {

        handler = h;

    }

    private Document emptyDocument ()

    throws SAXException

    {

        try {

            return (Document) domImpl.newInstance ();

        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {

            throw new SAXException ("can't access constructor: "

                    + e.getMessage ());

        } catch (InstantiationException e) {

            throw new SAXException ("can't instantiate Document: "

                    + e.getMessage ());

        }

    }

    /**

     * Configures this consumer as a buffer/filter, using the specified

     * DOM implementation when constructing its result value.

     *

     * <p> This event consumer acts as a buffer and filter, in that it

     * builds a DOM tree and then writes it out when <em>endDocument</em>

     * is invoked.  Because of the limitations of DOM, much information

     * will as a rule not be seen in that replay.  To get a full fidelity

     * copy of the input event stream, use a {@link TeeConsumer}.

     *

     * @param impl class implementing {@link org.w3c.dom.Document Document}

     *  which publicly exposes a default constructor

     * @param next receives a "replayed" sequence of parse events when

     *  the <em>endDocument</em> method is invoked.

     *

     * @exception SAXException when there is a problem creating an

     *  empty DOM document using the specified DOM implementation

     */

    public DomConsumer (Class impl, EventConsumer n)

    throws SAXException

    {

        this (impl);

        next = n;

    }

    /**

     * Returns the document constructed from the preceding

     * sequence of events.  This method should not be

     * used again until another sequence of events has been

     * given to this EventConsumer.

     */

    final public Document getDocument ()

    {

        return handler.clearDocument ();

    }

    public void setErrorHandler (ErrorHandler handler)

    {

        errHandler = handler;

    }

    /**

     * Returns true if the consumer is hiding entity references nodes

     * (the default), and false if EntityReference nodes should

     * instead be created.  Such EntityReference nodes will normally be

     * empty, unless an implementation arranges to populate them and then

     * turn them back into readonly objects.

     *

     * @see #setHidingReferences

     */

    final public boolean        isHidingReferences ()

        { return hidingReferences; }

    /**

     * Controls whether the consumer will hide entity expansions,

     * or will instead mark them with entity reference nodes.

     *

     * @see #isHidingReferences

     * @param flag False if entity reference nodes will appear

     */

    final public void           setHidingReferences (boolean flag)

        { hidingReferences = flag; }

    /**

     * Returns true if the consumer is hiding comments (the default),

     * and false if they should be placed into the output document.

     *

     * @see #setHidingComments

     */

    public final boolean isHidingComments ()

        { return hidingComments; }

    /**

     * Controls whether the consumer is hiding comments.

     *

     * @see #isHidingComments

     */

    public final void setHidingComments (boolean flag)

        { hidingComments = flag; }

    /**

     * Returns true if the consumer is hiding ignorable whitespace

     * (the default), and false if such whitespace should be placed

     * into the output document as children of element nodes.

     *

     * @see #setHidingWhitespace

     */

    public final boolean isHidingWhitespace ()

        { return hidingWhitespace; }

    /**

     * Controls whether the consumer hides ignorable whitespace

     *

     * @see #isHidingComments

     */

    public final void setHidingWhitespace (boolean flag)

        { hidingWhitespace = flag; }

    /**

     * Returns true if the consumer is saving CDATA boundaries, or

     * false (the default) otherwise.

     *

     * @see #setHidingCDATA

     */

    final public boolean        isHidingCDATA ()

        { return hidingCDATA; }

    /**

     * Controls whether the consumer will save CDATA boundaries.

     *

     * @see #isHidingCDATA

     * @param flag True to treat CDATA text differently from other

     *  text nodes

     */

    final public void           setHidingCDATA (boolean flag)

        { hidingCDATA = flag; }

    /** Returns the document handler being used. */

    final public ContentHandler getContentHandler ()

        { return handler; }

    /** Returns the DTD handler being used. */

    final public DTDHandler getDTDHandler ()

        { return handler; }

    /**

     * Returns the lexical handler being used.

     * (DOM construction can't really use declaration handlers.)

     */

    final public Object getProperty (String id)

    throws SAXNotRecognizedException

    {

        if ("http://xml.org/sax/properties/lexical-handler".equals (id))

            return handler;

        if ("http://xml.org/sax/properties/declaration-handler".equals (id))

            return handler;

        throw new SAXNotRecognizedException (id);

    }

    EventConsumer getNext () { return next; }

    ErrorHandler getErrorHandler () { return errHandler; }

    /**

     * Class used to intercept various parsing events and use them to

     * populate a DOM document.  Subclasses would typically know and use

     * backdoors into specific DOM implementations, used to implement

     * DTD-related functionality.

     *

     * <p> Note that if this ever throws a DOMException (runtime exception)

     * that will indicate a bug in the DOM (e.g. doesn't support something

     * per specification) or the parser (e.g. emitted an illegal name, or

     * accepted illegal input data). </p>

     */

    public static class Handler

        implements ContentHandler, LexicalHandler,

            DTDHandler, DeclHandler

    {

        protected DomConsumer           consumer;

        private DOMImplementation       impl;

        private Document                document;

        private boolean         isL2;

        private Locator         locator;

        private Node            top;

        private boolean         inCDATA;

        private boolean         mergeCDATA;

        private boolean         inDTD;

        private String          currentEntity;

        private boolean         recreatedAttrs;

        private AttributesImpl  attributes = new AttributesImpl ();

        /**

         * Subclasses may use SAX2 events to provide additional

         * behaviors in the resulting DOM.

         */

        protected Handler (DomConsumer consumer)

        throws SAXException

        {

            this.consumer = consumer;

            document = consumer.emptyDocument ();

            impl = document.getImplementation ();

            isL2 = impl.hasFeature ("XML", "2.0");

        }

        private void fatal (String message, Exception x)

        throws SAXException

        {

            SAXParseException   e;

            ErrorHandler        errHandler = consumer.getErrorHandler ();

            if (locator == null)

                e = new SAXParseException (message, null, null, -1, -1, x);

            else

                e = new SAXParseException (message, locator, x);

            if (errHandler != null)

                errHandler.fatalError (e);

            throw e;

        }

        /**

         * Returns and forgets the document produced.  If the handler is

         * reused, a new document may be created.

         */

        Document clearDocument ()

        {

            Document retval = document;

            document = null;

            locator = null;

            return retval;

        }

        /**

         * Returns the document under construction.

         */

        protected Document getDocument ()

            { return document; }

        /**

         * Returns the current node being populated.  This is usually

         * an Element or Document, but it might be an EntityReference

         * node if some implementation-specific code knows how to put

         * those into the result tree and later mark them as readonly.

         */

        protected Node getTop ()

            { return top; }

        // SAX1

        public void setDocumentLocator (Locator locator)

        {

            this.locator = locator;

        }

        // SAX1

        public void startDocument ()

        throws SAXException

        {

            if (document == null)

                try {

                    if (isL2) {

                        // couple to original implementation

                        document = impl.createDocument (null, "foo", null);

                        document.removeChild (document.getFirstChild ());

                    } else {

                        document = consumer.emptyDocument ();

                    }

                } catch (Exception e) {

                    fatal ("DOM create document", e);

                }

            top = document;

        }

        // SAX1

        public void endDocument ()

        throws SAXException

        {

            try {

                if (consumer.getNext () != null && document != null) {

                    DomParser   parser = new DomParser (document);

                    EventFilter.bind (parser, consumer.getNext ());

                    parser.parse ("ignored");

                }

            } finally {

                top = null;

            }

        }

        // SAX1

        public void processingInstruction (String target, String data)

        throws SAXException

        {

            // we can't create populated entity ref nodes using

            // only public DOM APIs (they've got to be readonly)

            if (currentEntity != null)

                return;

            ProcessingInstruction       pi;

            if (isL2

                    // && consumer.isUsingNamespaces ()

                    && target.indexOf (':') != -1)

                namespaceError (

                    "PI target name is namespace nonconformant: "

                        + target);

            if (inDTD)

                return;

            pi = document.createProcessingInstruction (target, data);

            top.appendChild (pi);

        }

        /**

         * Subclasses may overrride this method to provide a more efficient

         * way to construct text nodes.

         * Typically, copying the text into a single character array will

         * be more efficient than doing that as well as allocating other

         * needed for a String, including an internal StringBuffer.

         * Those additional memory and CPU costs can be incurred later,

         * if ever needed.

         * Unfortunately the standard DOM factory APIs encourage those costs

         * to be incurred early.

         */

        protected Text createText (

            boolean     isCDATA,

            char        ch [],

            int         start,

            int         length

        ) {

            String      value = new String (ch, start, length);

            if (isCDATA)

                return document.createCDATASection (value);

            else

                return document.createTextNode (value);

        }

        // SAX1

        public void characters (char ch [], int start, int length)

        throws SAXException

        {

            // we can't create populated entity ref nodes using

            // only public DOM APIs (they've got to be readonly

            // at creation time)

            if (currentEntity != null)

                return;

            Node        lastChild = top.getLastChild ();

            // merge consecutive text or CDATA nodes if appropriate.

            if (lastChild instanceof Text) {

                if (consumer.isHidingCDATA ()

                        // consecutive Text content ... always merge

                        || (!inCDATA

                            && !(lastChild instanceof CDATASection))

                        // consecutive CDATASection content ... don't

                        // merge between sections, only within them

                        || (inCDATA && mergeCDATA

                            && lastChild instanceof CDATASection)

                            ) {

                    CharacterData       last = (CharacterData) lastChild;

                    String              value = new String (ch, start, length);

                    last.appendData (value);

                    return;

                }

            }

            if (inCDATA && !consumer.isHidingCDATA ()) {

                top.appendChild (createText (true, ch, start, length));

                mergeCDATA = true;

            } else

                top.appendChild (createText (false, ch, start, length));

        }

        // SAX2

        public void skippedEntity (String name)

        throws SAXException

        {

            // this callback is useless except to report errors, since

            // we can't know if the ref was in content, within an

            // attribute, within a declaration ... only one of those

            // cases supports more intelligent action than a panic.

            fatal ("skipped entity: " + name, null);

        }

        // SAX2

        public void startPrefixMapping (String prefix, String uri)

        throws SAXException

        {

            // reconstruct "xmlns" attributes deleted by all

            // SAX2 parsers without "namespace-prefixes" = true

            if ("".equals (prefix))

                attributes.addAttribute ("", "", "xmlns",

                        "CDATA", uri);

            else

                attributes.addAttribute ("", "", "xmlns:" + prefix,

                        "CDATA", uri);

            recreatedAttrs = true;

        }

        // SAX2

        public void endPrefixMapping (String prefix)

        throws SAXException

            { }

        // SAX2

        public void startElement (

            String uri,

            String localName,

            String qName,

            Attributes atts

        ) throws SAXException

        {

            // we can't create populated entity ref nodes using

            // only public DOM APIs (they've got to be readonly)

            if (currentEntity != null)

                return;

            // parser discarded basic information; DOM tree isn't writable

            // without massaging to assign prefixes to all nodes.

            // the "NSFilter" class does that massaging.

            if (qName.length () == 0)

                qName = localName;

            Element     element;

            int         length = atts.getLength ();

            if (!isL2) {

                element = document.createElement (qName);

                // first the explicit attributes ...

                length = atts.getLength ();

                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)

                    element.setAttribute (atts.getQName (i),

                                            atts.getValue (i));

                // ... then any recreated ones (DOM deletes duplicates)

                if (recreatedAttrs) {

                    recreatedAttrs = false;

                    length = attributes.getLength ();

                    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)

                        element.setAttribute (attributes.getQName (i),

                                                attributes.getValue (i));

                    attributes.clear ();

                }

                top.appendChild (element);

                top = element;

                return;

            }

            // For an L2 DOM when namespace use is enabled, use

            // createElementNS/createAttributeNS except when

            // (a) it's an element in the default namespace, or

            // (b) it's an attribute with no prefix

            String      namespace;

            if (localName.length () != 0)

                namespace = (uri.length () == 0) ? null : uri;

            else

                namespace = getNamespace (getPrefix (qName), atts);

            if (namespace == null)

                element = document.createElement (qName);

            else

                element = document.createElementNS (namespace, qName);

            populateAttributes (element, atts);

            if (recreatedAttrs) {

                recreatedAttrs = false;

                // ... DOM deletes any duplicates

                populateAttributes (element, attributes);

                attributes.clear ();

            }

            top.appendChild (element);

            top = element;

        }

        final static String     xmlnsURI = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/";

        private void populateAttributes (Element element, Attributes attrs)

        throws SAXParseException

        {

            int         length = attrs.getLength ();

            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

                String  type = attrs.getType (i);

                String  value = attrs.getValue (i);

                String  name = attrs.getQName (i);

                String  local = attrs.getLocalName (i);

                String  uri = attrs.getURI (i);

                // parser discarded basic information, DOM tree isn't writable

                if (name.length () == 0)

                    name = local;

                // all attribute types other than these three may not

                // contain scoped names... enumerated attributes get

                // reported as NMTOKEN, except for NOTATION values

                if (!("CDATA".equals (type)

                        || "NMTOKEN".equals (type)

                        || "NMTOKENS".equals (type))) {

                    if (value.indexOf (':') != -1) {

                        namespaceError (

                                "namespace nonconformant attribute value: "

                                    + "<" + element.getNodeName ()

                                    + " " + name + "='" + value + "' ...>");

                    }

                }

                // xmlns="" is legal (undoes default NS)

                // xmlns:foo="" is illegal

                String prefix = getPrefix (name);

                String namespace;

                if ("xmlns".equals (prefix)) {

                    if ("".equals (value))

                        namespaceError ("illegal null namespace decl, " + name);

                    namespace = xmlnsURI;

                } else if ("xmlns".equals (name))

                    namespace = xmlnsURI;

                else if (prefix == null)

                    namespace = null;

                else if (!"".equals(uri) && uri.length () != 0)

                    namespace = uri;

                else

                    namespace = getNamespace (prefix, attrs);

                if (namespace == null)

                    element.setAttribute (name, value);

                else

                    element.setAttributeNS (namespace, name, value);

            }

        }

        private String getPrefix (String name)

        {

            int         temp;

            if ((temp = name.indexOf (':')) > 0)

                return name.substring (0, temp);

            return null;

        }

        // used with SAX1-level parser output

        private String getNamespace (String prefix, Attributes attrs)

        throws SAXParseException

        {

            String namespace;

            String decl;

            // defaulting

            if (prefix == null) {

                decl = "xmlns";

                namespace = attrs.getValue (decl);

                if ("".equals (namespace))

                    return null;

                else if (namespace != null)

                    return namespace;

            // "xmlns" is like a keyword

            // ... according to the Namespace REC, but DOM L2 CR2+

            // and Infoset violate that by assigning a namespace.

            // that conflict is resolved elsewhere.

            } else if ("xmlns".equals (prefix))

                return null;

            // "xml" prefix is fixed

            else if ("xml".equals (prefix))

                return "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace";