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.\" ========================================================================

.\"

.IX Title "OBJDUMP 1"

.TH OBJDUMP 1 "2009-10-16" "binutils-2.20" "GNU Development Tools"

.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes

.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.

.if n .ad l

.nh

.SH "NAME"

objdump \- display information from object files.

.SH "SYNOPSIS"

.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"

objdump [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-archive\-headers\fR]

        [\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR|\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR]

        [\fB\-C\fR|\fB\-\-demangle\fR[=\fIstyle\fR] ]

        [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\fR]

        [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR]

        [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR]

        [\fB\-EB\fR|\fB\-EL\fR|\fB\-\-endian=\fR{big | little }]

        [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR]

        [\fB\-F\fR|\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR]

        [\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR]

        [\fB\-g\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\fR]

        [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR]

        [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR|\fB\-\-headers\fR]

        [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-info\fR]

        [\fB\-j\fR \fIsection\fR|\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIsection\fR]

        [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR]

        [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-source\fR]

        [\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR|\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR]

        [\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR|\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR]

        [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR]

        [\fB\-r\fR|\fB\-\-reloc\fR]

        [\fB\-R\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR]

        [\fB\-s\fR|\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR]

        [\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoR]\fR|

         \fB\-\-dwarf\fR[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges]]

        [\fB\-G\fR|\fB\-\-stabs\fR]

        [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-syms\fR]

        [\fB\-T\fR|\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR]

        [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR]

        [\fB\-w\fR|\fB\-\-wide\fR]

        [\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR]

        [\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR]

        [\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR]

        [\fB\-\-[no\-]show\-raw\-insn\fR]

        [\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR]

        [\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR]

        [\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR]

        [\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR]

        [\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR]

        [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR]

        [\fB\-H\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR]

        \fIobjfile\fR...

.SH "DESCRIPTION"

.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"

\&\fBobjdump\fR displays information about one or more object files.

The options control what particular information to display.  This

information is mostly useful to programmers who are working on the

compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want their

program to compile and work.

.PP

\&\fIobjfile\fR... are the object files to be examined.  When you

specify archives, \fBobjdump\fR shows information on each of the member

object files.

.SH "OPTIONS"

.IX Header "OPTIONS"

The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are

equivalent.  At least one option from the list

\&\fB\-a,\-d,\-D,\-e,\-f,\-g,\-G,\-h,\-H,\-p,\-r,\-R,\-s,\-S,\-t,\-T,\-V,\-x\fR must be given.

.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4

.IX Item "-a"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-archive\-header\fR" 4

.IX Item "--archive-header"

.PD

If any of the \fIobjfile\fR files are archives, display the archive

header information (in a format similar to \fBls \-l\fR).  Besides the

information you could list with \fBar tv\fR, \fBobjdump \-a\fR shows

the object file format of each archive member.

.IP "\fB\-\-adjust\-vma=\fR\fIoffset\fR" 4

.IX Item "--adjust-vma=offset"

When dumping information, first add \fIoffset\fR to all the section

addresses.  This is useful if the section addresses do not correspond to

the symbol table, which can happen when putting sections at particular

addresses when using a format which can not represent section addresses,

such as a.out.

.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIbfdname\fR" 4

.IX Item "-b bfdname"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-target=\fR\fIbfdname\fR" 4

.IX Item "--target=bfdname"

.PD

Specify that the object-code format for the object files is

\&\fIbfdname\fR.  This option may not be necessary; \fIobjdump\fR can

automatically recognize many formats.

.Sp

For example,

.Sp

.Vb 1

\&        objdump \-b oasys \-m vax \-h fu.o

.Ve

.Sp

displays summary information from the section headers (\fB\-h\fR) of

\&\fIfu.o\fR, which is explicitly identified (\fB\-m\fR) as a \s-1VAX\s0 object

file in the format produced by Oasys compilers.  You can list the

formats available with the \fB\-i\fR option.

.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4

.IX Item "-C"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-demangle[=\fR\fIstyle\fR\fB]\fR" 4

.IX Item "--demangle[=style]"

.PD

Decode (\fIdemangle\fR) low-level symbol names into user-level names.

Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this

makes \*(C+ function names readable.  Different compilers have different

mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to

choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.

.IP "\fB\-g\fR" 4

.IX Item "-g"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-debugging\fR" 4

.IX Item "--debugging"

.PD

Display debugging information.  This attempts to parse \s-1STABS\s0 and \s-1IEEE\s0

debugging format information stored in the file and print it out using

a C like syntax.  If neither of these formats are found this option

falls back on the \fB\-W\fR option to print any \s-1DWARF\s0 information in

the file.

.IP "\fB\-e\fR" 4

.IX Item "-e"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-debugging\-tags\fR" 4

.IX Item "--debugging-tags"

.PD

Like \fB\-g\fR, but the information is generated in a format compatible

with ctags tool.

.IP "\fB\-d\fR" 4

.IX Item "-d"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\fR" 4

.IX Item "--disassemble"

.PD

Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from

\&\fIobjfile\fR.  This option only disassembles those sections which are

expected to contain instructions.

.IP "\fB\-D\fR" 4

.IX Item "-D"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-all\fR" 4

.IX Item "--disassemble-all"

.PD

Like \fB\-d\fR, but disassemble the contents of all sections, not just

those expected to contain instructions.

.Sp

If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture this switch also has the effect

of forcing the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code

sections as if they were instructions.

.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR" 4

.IX Item "--prefix-addresses"

When disassembling, print the complete address on each line.  This is

the older disassembly format.

.IP "\fB\-EB\fR" 4

.IX Item "-EB"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-EL\fR" 4

.IX Item "-EL"

.IP "\fB\-\-endian={big|little}\fR" 4

.IX Item "--endian={big|little}"

.PD

Specify the endianness of the object files.  This only affects

disassembly.  This can be useful when disassembling a file format which

does not describe endianness information, such as S\-records.

.IP "\fB\-f\fR" 4

.IX Item "-f"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-file\-headers\fR" 4

.IX Item "--file-headers"

.PD

Display summary information from the overall header of

each of the \fIobjfile\fR files.

.IP "\fB\-F\fR" 4

.IX Item "-F"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-file\-offsets\fR" 4

.IX Item "--file-offsets"

.PD

When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also

display the file offset of the region of data that is about to be

dumped.  If zeroes are being skipped, then when disassembly resumes,

tell the user how many zeroes were skipped and the file offset of the

location from where the disassembly resumes.  When dumping sections,

display the file offset of the location from where the dump starts.

.IP "\fB\-\-file\-start\-context\fR" 4

.IX Item "--file-start-context"

Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly

(assumes \fB\-S\fR) from a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the

context to the start of the file.

.IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4

.IX Item "-h"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-section\-headers\fR" 4

.IX Item "--section-headers"

.IP "\fB\-\-headers\fR" 4

.IX Item "--headers"

.PD

Display summary information from the section headers of the

object file.

.Sp

File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by

using the \fB\-Ttext\fR, \fB\-Tdata\fR, or \fB\-Tbss\fR options to

\&\fBld\fR.  However, some object file formats, such as a.out, do not

store the starting address of the file segments.  In those situations,

although \fBld\fR relocates the sections correctly, using \fBobjdump

\&\-h\fR to list the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses.

Instead, it shows the usual addresses, which are implicit for the

target.

.IP "\fB\-H\fR" 4

.IX Item "-H"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4

.IX Item "--help"

.PD

Print a summary of the options to \fBobjdump\fR and exit.

.IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4

.IX Item "-i"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-info\fR" 4

.IX Item "--info"

.PD

Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available

for specification with \fB\-b\fR or \fB\-m\fR.

.IP "\fB\-j\fR \fIname\fR" 4

.IX Item "-j name"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-section=\fR\fIname\fR" 4

.IX Item "--section=name"

.PD

Display information only for section \fIname\fR.

.IP "\fB\-l\fR" 4

.IX Item "-l"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-line\-numbers\fR" 4

.IX Item "--line-numbers"

.PD

Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and

source line numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown.

Only useful with \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-D\fR, or \fB\-r\fR.

.IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4

.IX Item "-m machine"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-architecture=\fR\fImachine\fR" 4

.IX Item "--architecture=machine"

.PD

Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files.  This

can be useful when disassembling object files which do not describe

architecture information, such as S\-records.  You can list the available

architectures with the \fB\-i\fR option.

.Sp

If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch has an

additional effect.  It restricts the disassembly to only those

instructions supported by the architecture specified by \fImachine\fR.

If it is necessary to use this switch because the input file does not

contain any architecture information, but it is also desired to

disassemble all the instructions use \fB\-marm\fR.

.IP "\fB\-M\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4

.IX Item "-M options"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-disassembler\-options=\fR\fIoptions\fR" 4

.IX Item "--disassembler-options=options"

.PD

Pass target specific information to the disassembler.  Only supported on

some targets.  If it is necessary to specify more than one

disassembler option then multiple \fB\-M\fR options can be used or

can be placed together into a comma separated list.

.Sp

If the target is an \s-1ARM\s0 architecture then this switch can be used to

select which register name set is used during disassembler.  Specifying

\&\fB\-M reg-names-std\fR (the default) will select the register names as

used in \s-1ARM\s0's instruction set documentation, but with register 13 called

\&'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and register 15 called 'pc'.  Specifying

\&\fB\-M reg-names-apcs\fR will select the name set used by the \s-1ARM\s0

Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying \fB\-M reg-names-raw\fR will

just use \fBr\fR followed by the register number.

.Sp

There are also two variants on the \s-1APCS\s0 register naming scheme enabled

by \fB\-M reg-names-atpcs\fR and \fB\-M reg-names-special-atpcs\fR which

use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call Standard naming conventions.  (Either

with the normal register names or the special register names).

.Sp

This option can also be used for \s-1ARM\s0 architectures to force the

disassembler to interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by

using the switch \fB\-\-disassembler\-options=force\-thumb\fR.  This can be

useful when attempting to disassemble thumb code produced by other

compilers.

.Sp

For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the \fB\-m\fR

switch, but allow finer grained control.  Multiple selections from the

following may be specified as a comma separated string.

\&\fBx86\-64\fR, \fBi386\fR and \fBi8086\fR select disassembly for

the given architecture.  \fBintel\fR and \fBatt\fR select between

intel syntax mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 syntax mode.

\&\fBintel-mnemonic\fR and \fBatt-mnemonic\fR select between

intel mnemonic mode and \s-1AT&T\s0 mnemonic mode. \fBintel-mnemonic\fR

implies \fBintel\fR and \fBatt-mnemonic\fR implies \fBatt\fR.

\&\fBaddr64\fR, \fBaddr32\fR,

\&\fBaddr16\fR, \fBdata32\fR and \fBdata16\fR specify the default

address size and operand size.  These four options will be overridden if

\&\fBx86\-64\fR, \fBi386\fR or \fBi8086\fR appear later in the

option string.  Lastly, \fBsuffix\fR, when in \s-1AT&T\s0 mode,

instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the

suffix could be inferred by the operands.

.Sp

For PowerPC, \fBbooke\fR controls the disassembly of BookE

instructions.  \fB32\fR and \fB64\fR select PowerPC and

PowerPC64 disassembly, respectively.  \fBe300\fR selects

disassembly for the e300 family.  \fB440\fR selects disassembly for

the PowerPC 440.  \fBppcps\fR selects disassembly for the paired

single instructions of the \s-1PPC750CL\s0.

.Sp

For \s-1MIPS\s0, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic

names and register names in disassembled instructions.  Multiple

selections from the following may be specified as a comma separated

string, and invalid options are ignored:

.RS 4

.ie n .IP """no\-aliases""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWno\-aliases\fR" 4

.IX Item "no-aliases"

Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo

instruction mnemonic.  I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move',

\&'sll' instead of 'nop', etc.

.ie n .IP """gpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWgpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4

.IX Item "gpr-names=ABI"

Print \s-1GPR\s0 (general-purpose register) names as appropriate

for the specified \s-1ABI\s0.  By default, \s-1GPR\s0 names are selected according to

the \s-1ABI\s0 of the binary being disassembled.

.ie n .IP """fpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWfpr\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4

.IX Item "fpr-names=ABI"

Print \s-1FPR\s0 (floating-point register) names as

appropriate for the specified \s-1ABI\s0.  By default, \s-1FPR\s0 numbers are printed

rather than names.

.ie n .IP """cp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWcp0\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4

.IX Item "cp0-names=ARCH"

Print \s-1CP0\s0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names

as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by

\&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR.  By default, \s-1CP0\s0 register names are selected according to

the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled.

.ie n .IP """hwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWhwr\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4

.IX Item "hwr-names=ARCH"

Print \s-1HWR\s0 (hardware register, used by the \f(CW\*(C`rdhwr\*(C'\fR instruction) names

as appropriate for the \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture specified by

\&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR.  By default, \s-1HWR\s0 names are selected according to

the architecture and \s-1CPU\s0 of the binary being disassembled.

.ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIABI\f(CW\fR" 4

.IX Item "reg-names=ABI"

Print \s-1GPR\s0 and \s-1FPR\s0 names as appropriate for the selected \s-1ABI\s0.

.ie n .IP """reg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWreg\-names=\f(CIARCH\f(CW\fR" 4

.IX Item "reg-names=ARCH"

Print CPU-specific register names (\s-1CP0\s0 register and \s-1HWR\s0 names)

as appropriate for the selected \s-1CPU\s0 or architecture.

.RE

.RS 4

.Sp

For any of the options listed above, \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR or

\&\fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR may be specified as \fBnumeric\fR to have numbers printed

rather than names, for the selected types of registers.

You can list the available values of \fI\s-1ABI\s0\fR and \fI\s-1ARCH\s0\fR using

the \fB\-\-help\fR option.

.Sp

For \s-1VAX\s0, you can specify function entry addresses with \fB\-M

entry:0xf00ba\fR.  You can use this multiple times to properly

disassemble \s-1VAX\s0 binary files that don't contain symbol tables (like

\&\s-1ROM\s0 dumps).  In these cases, the function entry mask would otherwise

be decoded as \s-1VAX\s0 instructions, which would probably lead the rest

of the function being wrongly disassembled.

.RE

.IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4

.IX Item "-p"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-private\-headers\fR" 4

.IX Item "--private-headers"

.PD

Print information that is specific to the object file format.  The exact

information printed depends upon the object file format.  For some

object file formats, no additional information is printed.

.IP "\fB\-r\fR" 4

.IX Item "-r"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-reloc\fR" 4

.IX Item "--reloc"

.PD

Print the relocation entries of the file.  If used with \fB\-d\fR or

\&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the

disassembly.

.IP "\fB\-R\fR" 4

.IX Item "-R"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-reloc\fR" 4

.IX Item "--dynamic-reloc"

.PD

Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file.  This is only

meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared

libraries.  As for \fB\-r\fR, if used with \fB\-d\fR or

\&\fB\-D\fR, the relocations are printed interspersed with the

disassembly.

.IP "\fB\-s\fR" 4

.IX Item "-s"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-full\-contents\fR" 4

.IX Item "--full-contents"

.PD

Display the full contents of any sections requested.  By default all

non-empty sections are displayed.

.IP "\fB\-S\fR" 4

.IX Item "-S"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-source\fR" 4

.IX Item "--source"

.PD

Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible.  Implies

\&\fB\-d\fR.

.IP "\fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR" 4

.IX Item "--prefix=prefix"

Specify \fIprefix\fR to add to the absolute paths when used with

\&\fB\-S\fR.

.IP "\fB\-\-prefix\-strip=\fR\fIlevel\fR" 4

.IX Item "--prefix-strip=level"

Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired

absolute paths. It has no effect without \fB\-\-prefix=\fR\fIprefix\fR.

.IP "\fB\-\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4

.IX Item "--show-raw-insn"

When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as

in symbolic form.  This is the default except when

\&\fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used.

.IP "\fB\-\-no\-show\-raw\-insn\fR" 4

.IX Item "--no-show-raw-insn"

When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes.

This is the default when \fB\-\-prefix\-addresses\fR is used.

.IP "\fB\-\-insn\-width=\fR\fIwidth\fR" 4

.IX Item "--insn-width=width"

Display \fIwidth\fR bytes on a single line when disassembling

instructions.

.IP "\fB\-W[lLiaprmfFsoR]\fR" 4

.IX Item "-W[lLiaprmfFsoR]"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames\-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges]\fR" 4

.IX Item "--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=loc,=Ranges]"

.PD

Displays the contents of the debug sections in the file, if any are

present.  If one of the optional letters or words follows the switch

then only data found in those specific sections will be dumped.

.IP "\fB\-G\fR" 4

.IX Item "-G"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-stabs\fR" 4

.IX Item "--stabs"

.PD

Display the full contents of any sections requested.  Display the

contents of the .stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an

\&\s-1ELF\s0 file.  This is only useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which

\&\f(CW\*(C`.stab\*(C'\fR debugging symbol-table entries are carried in an \s-1ELF\s0

section.  In most other file formats, debugging symbol-table entries are

interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the \fB\-\-syms\fR

output.

.IP "\fB\-\-start\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4

.IX Item "--start-address=address"

Start displaying data at the specified address.  This affects the output

of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options.

.IP "\fB\-\-stop\-address=\fR\fIaddress\fR" 4

.IX Item "--stop-address=address"

Stop displaying data at the specified address.  This affects the output

of the \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-r\fR and \fB\-s\fR options.

.IP "\fB\-t\fR" 4

.IX Item "-t"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-syms\fR" 4

.IX Item "--syms"

.PD

Print the symbol table entries of the file.

This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR program,

although the display format is different.  The format of the output

depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two main

types.  One looks like this:

.Sp

.Vb 2

\&        [  4](sec  3)(fl 0x00)(ty   0)(scl   3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss

\&        [  6](sec  1)(fl 0x00)(ty   0)(scl   2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred

.Ve

.Sp

where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry

in the symbol table, the \fIsec\fR number is the section number, the

\&\fIfl\fR value are the symbol's flag bits, the \fIty\fR number is the

symbol's type, the \fIscl\fR number is the symbol's storage class and

the \fInx\fR value is the number of auxilary entries associated with

the symbol.  The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name.

.Sp

The other common output format, usually seen with \s-1ELF\s0 based files,

looks like this:

.Sp

.Vb 2

\&        00000000 l    d  .bss   00000000 .bss

\&        00000000 g       .text  00000000 fred

.Ve

.Sp

Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes refered to as

its address).  The next field is actually a set of characters and

spaces indicating the flag bits that are set on the symbol.  These

characters are described below.  Next is the section with which the

symbol is associated or \fI*ABS*\fR if the section is absolute (ie

not connected with any section), or \fI*UND*\fR if the section is

referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there.

.Sp

After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common

symbols is the alignment and for other symbol is the size.  Finally

the symbol's name is displayed.

.Sp

The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows:

.RS 4

.ie n .IP """l""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWl\fR" 4

.IX Item "l"

.PD 0

.ie n .IP """g""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWg\fR" 4

.IX Item "g"

.ie n .IP """u""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWu\fR" 4

.IX Item "u"

.ie n .IP """!""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CW!\fR" 4

.IX Item "!"

.PD

The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither

global nor local (a space) or both global and local (!).  A

symbol can be neither local or global for a variety of reasons, e.g.,

because it is used for debugging, but it is probably an indication of

a bug if it is ever both local and global.  Unique global symbols are

a \s-1GNU\s0 extension to the standard set of \s-1ELF\s0 symbol bindings.  For such

a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the entire process

there is just one symbol with this name and type in use.

.ie n .IP """w""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWw\fR" 4

.IX Item "w"

The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space).

.ie n .IP """C""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWC\fR" 4

.IX Item "C"

The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space).

.ie n .IP """W""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWW\fR" 4

.IX Item "W"

The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space).  A warning

symbol's name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the

warning symbol is ever referenced.

.ie n .IP """I""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWI\fR" 4

.IX Item "I"

.PD 0

.ie n .IP """i""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWi\fR" 4

.IX Item "i"

.PD

The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function

to be evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a

space).

.ie n .IP """d""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWd\fR" 4

.IX Item "d"

.PD 0

.ie n .IP """D""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWD\fR" 4

.IX Item "D"

.PD

The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a

normal symbol (a space).

.ie n .IP """F""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWF\fR" 4

.IX Item "F"

.PD 0

.ie n .IP """f""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWf\fR" 4

.IX Item "f"

.ie n .IP """O""" 4

.el .IP "\f(CWO\fR" 4

.IX Item "O"

.PD

The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object

(O) or just a normal symbol (a space).

.RE

.RS 4

.RE

.IP "\fB\-T\fR" 4

.IX Item "-T"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-dynamic\-syms\fR" 4

.IX Item "--dynamic-syms"

.PD

Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file.  This is only

meaningful for dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared

libraries.  This is similar to the information provided by the \fBnm\fR

program when given the \fB\-D\fR (\fB\-\-dynamic\fR) option.

.IP "\fB\-\-special\-syms\fR" 4

.IX Item "--special-syms"

When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be

special in some way and which would not normally be of interest to the

user.

.IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4

.IX Item "-V"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4

.IX Item "--version"

.PD

Print the version number of \fBobjdump\fR and exit.

.IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4

.IX Item "-x"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-all\-headers\fR" 4

.IX Item "--all-headers"

.PD

Display all available header information, including the symbol table and

relocation entries.  Using \fB\-x\fR is equivalent to specifying all of

\&\fB\-a \-f \-h \-p \-r \-t\fR.

.IP "\fB\-w\fR" 4

.IX Item "-w"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-wide\fR" 4

.IX Item "--wide"

.PD

Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns.

Also do not truncate symbol names when they are displayed.

.IP "\fB\-z\fR" 4

.IX Item "-z"

.PD 0

.IP "\fB\-\-disassemble\-zeroes\fR" 4

.IX Item "--disassemble-zeroes"

.PD

Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes.  This

option directs the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like

any other data.

.IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4

.IX Item "@file"

Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR.  The options read are

inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option.  If \fIfile\fR

does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated

literally, and not removed.

.Sp

Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace.  A whitespace

character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire

option in either single or double quotes.  Any character (including a

backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included

with a backslash.  The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional

@\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.

.SH "SEE ALSO"

.IX Header "SEE ALSO"

\&\fInm\fR\|(1), \fIreadelf\fR\|(1), and the Info entries for \fIbinutils\fR.

.SH "COPYRIGHT"

.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"

Copyright (c) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,

2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

.PP

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document

under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3

or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;

with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no

Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the

section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".