Subversion Repositories openrisc_2011-10-31

@c Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008

@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.

@c This is part of the GAS manual.

@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.

@page

@node SH-Dependent

@chapter Renesas / SuperH SH Dependent Features

@cindex SH support

@menu

* SH Options::              Options

* SH Syntax::               Syntax

* SH Floating Point::       Floating Point

* SH Directives::           SH Machine Directives

* SH Opcodes::              Opcodes

@end menu

@node SH Options

@section Options

@cindex SH options

@cindex options, SH

@code{@value{AS}} has following command-line options for the Renesas

(formerly Hitachi) / SuperH SH family.

@table @code

@kindex --little

@kindex --big

@kindex --relax

@kindex --small

@kindex --dsp

@kindex --renesas

@kindex --allow-reg-prefix

@item --little

Generate little endian code.

@item --big

Generate big endian code.

@item --relax

Alter jump instructions for long displacements.

@item --small

Align sections to 4 byte boundaries, not 16.

@item --dsp

Enable sh-dsp insns, and disable sh3e / sh4 insns.

@item --renesas

Disable optimization with section symbol for compatibility with

Renesas assembler.

@item --allow-reg-prefix

Allow '$' as a register name prefix.

@item --isa=sh4 | sh4a

Specify the sh4 or sh4a instruction set.

@item --isa=dsp

Enable sh-dsp insns, and disable sh3e / sh4 insns.

@item --isa=fp

Enable sh2e, sh3e, sh4, and sh4a insn sets.

@item --isa=all

Enable sh1, sh2, sh2e, sh3, sh3e, sh4, sh4a, and sh-dsp insn sets.

@item -h-tick-hex

Support H'00 style hex constants in addition to 0x00 style.

@end table

@node SH Syntax

@section Syntax

@menu

* SH-Chars::                Special Characters

* SH-Regs::                 Register Names

* SH-Addressing::           Addressing Modes

@end menu

@node SH-Chars

@subsection Special Characters

@cindex line comment character, SH

@cindex SH line comment character

@samp{!} is the line comment character.

@cindex line separator, SH

@cindex statement separator, SH

@cindex SH line separator

You can use @samp{;} instead of a newline to separate statements.

@cindex symbol names, @samp{$} in

@cindex @code{$} in symbol names

Since @samp{$} has no special meaning, you may use it in symbol names.

@node SH-Regs

@subsection Register Names

@cindex SH registers

@cindex registers, SH

You can use the predefined symbols @samp{r0}, @samp{r1}, @samp{r2},

@samp{r3}, @samp{r4}, @samp{r5}, @samp{r6}, @samp{r7}, @samp{r8},

@samp{r9}, @samp{r10}, @samp{r11}, @samp{r12}, @samp{r13}, @samp{r14},

and @samp{r15} to refer to the SH registers.

The SH also has these control registers:

@table @code

@item pr

procedure register (holds return address)

@item pc

program counter

@item mach

@itemx macl

high and low multiply accumulator registers

@item sr

status register

@item gbr

global base register

@item vbr

vector base register (for interrupt vectors)

@end table

@node SH-Addressing

@subsection Addressing Modes

@cindex addressing modes, SH

@cindex SH addressing modes

@code{@value{AS}} understands the following addressing modes for the SH.

@code{R@var{n}} in the following refers to any of the numbered

registers, but @emph{not} the control registers.

@table @code

@item R@var{n}

Register direct

@item @@R@var{n}

Register indirect

@item @@-R@var{n}

Register indirect with pre-decrement

@item @@R@var{n}+

Register indirect with post-increment

@item @@(@var{disp}, R@var{n})

Register indirect with displacement

@item @@(R0, R@var{n})

Register indexed

@item @@(@var{disp}, GBR)

@code{GBR} offset

@item @@(R0, GBR)

GBR indexed

@item @var{addr}

@itemx @@(@var{disp}, PC)

PC relative address (for branch or for addressing memory).  The

@code{@value{AS}} implementation allows you to use the simpler form

@var{addr} anywhere a PC relative address is called for; the alternate

form is supported for compatibility with other assemblers.

@item #@var{imm}

Immediate data

@end table

@node SH Floating Point

@section Floating Point

@cindex floating point, SH (@sc{ieee})

@cindex SH floating point (@sc{ieee})

SH2E, SH3E and SH4 groups have on-chip floating-point unit (FPU). Other

SH groups can use @code{.float} directive to generate @sc{ieee}

floating-point numbers.

SH2E and SH3E support single-precision floating point calculations as

well as entirely PCAPI compatible emulation of double-precision

floating point calculations. SH2E and SH3E instructions are a subset of

the floating point calculations conforming to the IEEE754 standard.

In addition to single-precision and double-precision floating-point

operation capability, the on-chip FPU of SH4 has a 128-bit graphic

engine that enables 32-bit floating-point data to be processed 128

bits at a time. It also supports 4 * 4 array operations and inner

product operations. Also, a superscalar architecture is employed that

enables simultaneous execution of two instructions (including FPU

instructions), providing performance of up to twice that of

conventional architectures at the same frequency.

@node SH Directives

@section SH Machine Directives

@cindex SH machine directives

@cindex machine directives, SH

@cindex @code{uaword} directive, SH

@cindex @code{ualong} directive, SH

@table @code

@item uaword

@itemx ualong

@code{@value{AS}} will issue a warning when a misaligned @code{.word} or

@code{.long} directive is used.  You may use @code{.uaword} or

@code{.ualong} to indicate that the value is intentionally misaligned.

@end table

@node SH Opcodes

@section Opcodes

@cindex SH opcode summary

@cindex opcode summary, SH

@cindex mnemonics, SH

@cindex instruction summary, SH

For detailed information on the SH machine instruction set, see

@cite{SH-Microcomputer User's Manual} (Renesas) or

@cite{SH-4 32-bit CPU Core Architecture} (SuperH) and

@cite{SuperH (SH) 64-Bit RISC Series} (SuperH).

@code{@value{AS}} implements all the standard SH opcodes.  No additional

pseudo-instructions are needed on this family.  Note, however, that

because @code{@value{AS}} supports a simpler form of PC-relative

addressing, you may simply write (for example)

@example

mov.l  bar,r0

@end example

@noindent

where other assemblers might require an explicit displacement to

@code{bar} from the program counter:

@example

mov.l  @@(@var{disp}, PC)

@end example

@ifset SMALL

@c this table, due to the multi-col faking and hardcoded order, looks silly

@c except in smallbook.  See comments below "@set SMALL" near top of this file.

Here is a summary of SH opcodes:

@page

@smallexample

@i{Legend:}

Rn        @r{a numbered register}

Rm        @r{another numbered register}

#imm      @r{immediate data}

disp      @r{displacement}

disp8     @r{8-bit displacement}

disp12    @r{12-bit displacement}

add #imm,Rn                    lds.l @@Rn+,PR

add Rm,Rn                      mac.w @@Rm+,@@Rn+

addc Rm,Rn                     mov #imm,Rn

addv Rm,Rn                     mov Rm,Rn

and #imm,R0                    mov.b Rm,@@(R0,Rn)

and Rm,Rn                      mov.b Rm,@@-Rn

and.b #imm,@@(R0,GBR)           mov.b Rm,@@Rn

bf disp8                       mov.b @@(disp,Rm),R0

bra disp12                     mov.b @@(disp,GBR),R0

bsr disp12                     mov.b @@(R0,Rm),Rn

bt disp8                       mov.b @@Rm+,Rn

clrmac                         mov.b @@Rm,Rn

clrt                           mov.b R0,@@(disp,Rm)

cmp/eq #imm,R0                 mov.b R0,@@(disp,GBR)

cmp/eq Rm,Rn                   mov.l Rm,@@(disp,Rn)

cmp/ge Rm,Rn                   mov.l Rm,@@(R0,Rn)

cmp/gt Rm,Rn                   mov.l Rm,@@-Rn

cmp/hi Rm,Rn                   mov.l Rm,@@Rn

cmp/hs Rm,Rn                   mov.l @@(disp,Rn),Rm

cmp/pl Rn                      mov.l @@(disp,GBR),R0

cmp/pz Rn                      mov.l @@(disp,PC),Rn

cmp/str Rm,Rn                  mov.l @@(R0,Rm),Rn

div0s Rm,Rn                    mov.l @@Rm+,Rn

div0u                          mov.l @@Rm,Rn

div1 Rm,Rn                     mov.l R0,@@(disp,GBR)

exts.b Rm,Rn                   mov.w Rm,@@(R0,Rn)

exts.w Rm,Rn                   mov.w Rm,@@-Rn

extu.b Rm,Rn                   mov.w Rm,@@Rn

extu.w Rm,Rn                   mov.w @@(disp,Rm),R0

jmp @@Rn                        mov.w @@(disp,GBR),R0

jsr @@Rn                        mov.w @@(disp,PC),Rn

ldc Rn,GBR                     mov.w @@(R0,Rm),Rn

ldc Rn,SR                      mov.w @@Rm+,Rn

ldc Rn,VBR                     mov.w @@Rm,Rn

ldc.l @@Rn+,GBR                 mov.w R0,@@(disp,Rm)

ldc.l @@Rn+,SR                  mov.w R0,@@(disp,GBR)

ldc.l @@Rn+,VBR                 mova @@(disp,PC),R0

lds Rn,MACH                    movt Rn

lds Rn,MACL                    muls Rm,Rn

lds Rn,PR                      mulu Rm,Rn

lds.l @@Rn+,MACH                neg Rm,Rn

lds.l @@Rn+,MACL                negc Rm,Rn

@page

nop                            stc VBR,Rn

not Rm,Rn                      stc.l GBR,@@-Rn

or #imm,R0                     stc.l SR,@@-Rn

or Rm,Rn                       stc.l VBR,@@-Rn

or.b #imm,@@(R0,GBR)            sts MACH,Rn

rotcl Rn                       sts MACL,Rn

rotcr Rn                       sts PR,Rn

rotl Rn                        sts.l MACH,@@-Rn

rotr Rn                        sts.l MACL,@@-Rn

rte                            sts.l PR,@@-Rn

rts                            sub Rm,Rn

sett                           subc Rm,Rn

shal Rn                        subv Rm,Rn

shar Rn                        swap.b Rm,Rn

shll Rn                        swap.w Rm,Rn

shll16 Rn                      tas.b @@Rn

shll2 Rn                       trapa #imm

shll8 Rn                       tst #imm,R0

shlr Rn                        tst Rm,Rn

shlr16 Rn                      tst.b #imm,@@(R0,GBR)

shlr2 Rn                       xor #imm,R0

shlr8 Rn                       xor Rm,Rn

sleep                          xor.b #imm,@@(R0,GBR)

stc GBR,Rn                     xtrct Rm,Rn

stc SR,Rn

@end smallexample

@end ifset

@ifset Renesas-all

@ifclear GENERIC

@raisesections

@end ifclear

@end ifset