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@ignore
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@c Set file name and title for man page.
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@setfilename gpl
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@settitle GNU General Public License
5
@c man begin SEEALSO
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gfdl(7), fsf-funding(7).
7
@c man end
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@c man begin COPYRIGHT
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Copyright @copyright{} 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @url{http://fsf.org/}
10
 
11
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
12
license document, but changing it is not allowed.
13
@c man end
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@end ignore
15
@node Copying
16
@c man begin DESCRIPTION
17
@appendix GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
18
@c The GNU General Public License.
19
@center Version 3, 29 June 2007
20
 
21
@c This file is intended to be included within another document,
22
@c hence no sectioning command or @node.
23
 
24
@display
25
Copyright @copyright{} 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @url{http://fsf.org/}
26
 
27
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
28
license document, but changing it is not allowed.
29
@end display
30
 
31
@heading Preamble
32
 
33
The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
34
software and other kinds of works.
35
 
36
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
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to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,
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the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom
39
to share and change all versions of a program---to make sure it remains
40
free software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation,
41
use the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it
42
applies also to any other work released this way by its authors.  You
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can apply it to your programs, too.
44
 
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
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have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
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them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
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free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
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To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
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these rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you
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have certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the
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software, or if you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
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freedoms that you received.  You must make sure that they, too,
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Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
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@heading TERMS AND CONDITIONS
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@enumerate 0
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@item Definitions.
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101
``This License'' refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
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``Copyright'' also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds
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A ``covered work'' means either the unmodified Program or a work based
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To ``propagate'' a work means to do anything with it that, without
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To ``convey'' a work means any kind of propagation that enables other
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177
The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same
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All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
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Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
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@item Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
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207
No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
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When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
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221
@item Conveying Verbatim Copies.
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223
You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
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You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
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236
You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
237
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238
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240
 
241
@enumerate a
242
@item
243
The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it,
244
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245
 
246
@item
247
The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released
248
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249
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250
notices''.
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252
@item
253
You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
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261
@item
262
If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
263
Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
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265
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266
@end enumerate
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268
A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
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275
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parts of the aggregate.
277
 
278
@item  Conveying Non-Source Forms.
279
 
280
You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
281
sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable
282
Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these
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ways:
284
 
285
@enumerate a
286
@item
287
Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
288
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290
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@item
293
Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
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Corresponding Source for all the software in the product that is
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300
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@item
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Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written
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allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if you
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received the object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection
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6b.
310
 
311
@item
312
Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place
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325
@item
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Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
327
inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of
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the work are being offered to the general public at no charge under
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subsection 6d.
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331
@end enumerate
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359
If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
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379
Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided,
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381
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382
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unpacking, reading or copying.
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385
@item Additional Terms.
386
 
387
``Additional permissions'' are terms that supplement the terms of this
388
License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
389
Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
390
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392
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393
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394
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395
 
396
When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
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399
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403
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
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405
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407
@enumerate a
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@item
409
Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
410
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412
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413
Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author
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415
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Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
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422
@item
423
Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
424
authors of the material; or
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426
@item
427
Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade
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430
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Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by
432
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433
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436
@end enumerate
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438
All other non-permissive additional terms are considered ``further
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440
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443
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444
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448
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453
Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
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455
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456
 
457
@item Termination.
458
 
459
You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
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464
 
465
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
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469
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472
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
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475
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477
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478
 
479
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
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481
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482
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483
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485
@item Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
486
 
487
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run
488
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489
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493
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494
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496
@item Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
497
 
498
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
499
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500
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501
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502
 
503
An ``entity transaction'' is a transaction transferring control of an
504
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505
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506
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512
 
513
You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
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518
any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
519
sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
520
 
521
@item Patents.
522
 
523
A ``contributor'' is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
524
License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based.  The
525
work thus licensed is called the contributor's ``contributor version''.
526
 
527
A contributor's ``essential patent claims'' are all patent claims owned
528
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529
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530
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531
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532
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533
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534
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535
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536
 
537
Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
538
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539
make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
540
propagate the contents of its contributor version.
541
 
542
In the following three paragraphs, a ``patent license'' is any express
543
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544
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545
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547
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548
 
549
If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
550
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551
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552
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license to downstream recipients.  ``Knowingly relying'' means you have
558
actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
559
covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
560
in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
561
country that you have reason to believe are valid.
562
 
563
If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
564
arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
565
covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
566
receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
567
or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
568
you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
569
work and works based on it.
570
 
571
A patent license is ``discriminatory'' if it does not include within the
572
scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on
573
the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically
574
granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered work if you
575
are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
576
business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the
577
third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the
578
work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties
579
who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent
580
license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by
581
you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in
582
connection with specific products or compilations that contain the
583
covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent
584
license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
585
 
586
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
587
any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
588
otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
589
 
590
@item No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
591
 
592
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
593
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
594
excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey
595
a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under
596
this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
597
consequence you may not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree
598
to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying
599
from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could
600
satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely
601
from conveying the Program.
602
 
603
@item Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
604
 
605
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
606
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
607
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
608
combined work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this
609
License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
610
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
611
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
612
combination as such.
613
 
614
@item Revised Versions of this License.
615
 
616
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
617
of the GNU General Public License from time to time.  Such new
618
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
619
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
620
 
621
Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
622
specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public
623
License ``or any later version'' applies to it, you have the option of
624
following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or
625
of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation.  If
626
the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General
627
Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free
628
Software Foundation.
629
 
630
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions
631
of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's public
632
statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to
633
choose that version for the Program.
634
 
635
Later license versions may give you additional or different
636
permissions.  However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
637
author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
638
later version.
639
 
640
@item Disclaimer of Warranty.
641
 
642
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
643
APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
644
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ``AS IS'' WITHOUT
645
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
646
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
647
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
648
PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE
649
DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
650
CORRECTION.
651
 
652
@item Limitation of Liability.
653
 
654
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
655
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR
656
CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
657
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
658
ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT
659
NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
660
LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM
661
TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
662
PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
663
 
664
@item Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
665
 
666
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
667
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
668
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
669
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
670
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
671
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
672
 
673
@end enumerate
674
 
675
@heading END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
676
 
677
@heading How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
678
 
679
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
680
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
681
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
682
terms.
683
 
684
To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
685
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
686
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
687
the ``copyright'' line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
688
 
689
@smallexample
690
@var{one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.}
691
Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{name of author}
692
 
693
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
694
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
695
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
696
your option) any later version.
697
 
698
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
699
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
700
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
701
General Public License for more details.
702
 
703
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
704
along with this program.  If not, see @url{http://www.gnu.org/licenses/}.
705
@end smallexample
706
 
707
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
708
 
709
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
710
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
711
 
712
@smallexample
713
@var{program} Copyright (C) @var{year} @var{name of author}
714
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type @samp{show w}.
715
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
716
under certain conditions; type @samp{show c} for details.
717
@end smallexample
718
 
719
The hypothetical commands @samp{show w} and @samp{show c} should show
720
the appropriate parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your
721
program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would
722
use an ``about box''.
723
 
724
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
725
if any, to sign a ``copyright disclaimer'' for the program, if necessary.
726
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
727
@url{http://www.gnu.org/licenses/}.
728
 
729
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
730
program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine
731
library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
732
applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use
733
the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License.  But
734
first, please read @url{http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html}.
735
@c man end

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