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.\" Copyright (c) 1989, 1991, 1993

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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by

.\" Guido van Rossum.

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.\"     @(#)fnmatch.3   8.3 (Berkeley) 4/28/95

.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/gen/fnmatch.3,v 1.12 2001/10/01 16:08:50 ru Exp $

.\"

.Dd April 28, 1995

.Dt FNMATCH 3

.Os

.Sh NAME

.Nm fnmatch

.Nd match filename or pathname

.Sh LIBRARY

.Lb libc

.Sh SYNOPSIS

.In fnmatch.h

.Ft int

.Fn fnmatch "const char *pattern" "const char *string" "int flags"

.Sh DESCRIPTION

The

.Fn fnmatch

function

matches patterns according to the rules used by the shell.

It checks the string specified by the

.Fa string

argument to see if it matches the pattern specified by the

.Fa pattern

argument.

.Pp

The

.Fa flags

argument modifies the interpretation of

.Fa pattern

and

.Fa string .

The value of

.Fa flags

is the bitwise inclusive

.Tn OR

of any of the following

constants, which are defined in the include file

.Pa fnmatch.h .

.Bl -tag -width FNM_PATHNAME

.It Dv FNM_NOESCAPE

Normally, every occurrence of a backslash

.Pq Ql \e

followed by a character in

.Fa pattern

is replaced by that character.

This is done to negate any special meaning for the character.

If the

.Dv FNM_NOESCAPE

flag is set, a backslash character is treated as an ordinary character.

.It Dv FNM_PATHNAME

Slash characters in

.Fa string

must be explicitly matched by slashes in

.Fa pattern .

If this flag is not set, then slashes are treated as regular characters.

.It Dv FNM_PERIOD

Leading periods in

.Fa string

must be explicitly matched by periods in

.Fa pattern .

If this flag is not set, then leading periods are treated as regular

characters.

The definition of

.Dq leading

is related to the specification of

.Dv FNM_PATHNAME .

A period is always

.Dq leading

if it is the first character in

.Ar string .

Additionally, if

.Dv FNM_PATHNAME

is set,

a period is

leading

if it immediately follows a slash.

.It Dv FNM_LEADING_DIR

Ignore

.Nm /*

rest after successful

.Fa pattern

matching.

.It Dv FNM_CASEFOLD

Ignore  case  distinctions in both the

.Fa pattern

and the

.Fa string .

.El

.Sh RETURN VALUES

The

.Fn fnmatch

function returns zero if

.Fa string

matches the pattern specified by

.Fa pattern ,

otherwise, it returns the value

.Dv FNM_NOMATCH .

.Sh SEE ALSO

.Xr sh 1 ,

.Xr glob 3 ,

.Xr regex 3

.Sh STANDARDS

The

.Fn fnmatch

function conforms to

.St -p1003.2 .

.Sh HISTORY

The

.Fn fnmatch

function first appeared in

.Bx 4.4 .

.Sh BUGS

The pattern

.Ql *

matches the empty string, even if

.Dv FNM_PATHNAME

is specified.