OpenCores
URL https://opencores.org/ocsvn/openrisc_2011-10-31/openrisc_2011-10-31/trunk

Subversion Repositories openrisc_2011-10-31

[/] [openrisc/] [trunk/] [rtos/] [ecos-2.0/] [doc/] [html/] [cdl-guide/] [ref.calculated.html] - Blame information for rev 174

Details | Compare with Previous | View Log

Line No. Rev Author Line
1 28 unneback
<!-- Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc.                                -->
2
<!-- This material may be distributed only subject to the terms      -->
3
<!-- and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0  -->
4
<!-- or later (the latest version is presently available at          -->
5
<!-- http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).                           -->
6
<!-- Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any       -->
7
<!-- standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior           -->
8
<!-- permission is obtained from the copyright holder.               -->
9
<HTML
10
><HEAD
11
><TITLE
12
>calculated</TITLE
13
><meta name="MSSmartTagsPreventParsing" content="TRUE">
14
<META
15
NAME="GENERATOR"
16
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
17
"><LINK
18
REL="HOME"
19
TITLE="The eCos Component Writer's Guide"
20
HREF="cdl-guide.html"><LINK
21
REL="UP"
22
TITLE="CDL Language Specification"
23
HREF="reference.html"><LINK
24
REL="PREVIOUS"
25
TITLE="active_if"
26
HREF="ref.active-if.html"><LINK
27
REL="NEXT"
28
TITLE="compile"
29
HREF="ref.compile.html"></HEAD
30
><BODY
31
CLASS="REFENTRY"
32
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
33
TEXT="#000000"
34
LINK="#0000FF"
35
VLINK="#840084"
36
ALINK="#0000FF"
37
><DIV
38
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
39
><TABLE
40
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
41
WIDTH="100%"
42
BORDER="0"
43
CELLPADDING="0"
44
CELLSPACING="0"
45
><TR
46
><TH
47
COLSPAN="3"
48
ALIGN="center"
49
>The <SPAN
50
CLASS="APPLICATION"
51
>eCos</SPAN
52
> Component Writer's Guide</TH
53
></TR
54
><TR
55
><TD
56
WIDTH="10%"
57
ALIGN="left"
58
VALIGN="bottom"
59
><A
60
HREF="ref.active-if.html"
61
ACCESSKEY="P"
62
>Prev</A
63
></TD
64
><TD
65
WIDTH="80%"
66
ALIGN="center"
67
VALIGN="bottom"
68
></TD
69
><TD
70
WIDTH="10%"
71
ALIGN="right"
72
VALIGN="bottom"
73
><A
74
HREF="ref.compile.html"
75
ACCESSKEY="N"
76
>Next</A
77
></TD
78
></TR
79
></TABLE
80
><HR
81
ALIGN="LEFT"
82
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
83
><H1
84
><A
85
NAME="REF.CALCULATED"><SPAN
86
CLASS="PROPERTY"
87
>calculated</SPAN
88
></H1
89
><DIV
90
CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
91
><A
92
NAME="AEN3722"
93
></A
94
><H2
95
>Name</H2
96
>Property <SPAN
97
CLASS="PROPERTY"
98
>calculated</SPAN
99
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Used if the current option's value is not user-modifiable,
100
but is calculated using a suitable CDL expression.</DIV
101
><DIV
102
CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
103
><A
104
NAME="AEN3726"><H2
105
>Synopsis</H2
106
><TABLE
107
BORDER="5"
108
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
109
WIDTH="70%"
110
><TR
111
><TD
112
><PRE
113
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
114
>cdl_option &lt;name&gt; {
115
    calculated &lt;expression&gt;
116
    &#8230;
117
}</PRE
118
></TD
119
></TR
120
></TABLE
121
></DIV
122
><DIV
123
CLASS="REFSECT1"
124
><A
125
NAME="AEN3728"
126
></A
127
><H2
128
>Description</H2
129
><P
130
>In some cases it is useful to have a configuration option whose value
131
cannot be modified directly by the user. This can be achieved using a
132
<SPAN
133
CLASS="PROPERTY"
134
>calculated</SPAN
135
>, which takes a CDL expression as argument (see <A
136
HREF="language.values.html#LANGUAGE.EXPRESSION"
137
>the Section called <I
138
>Ordinary Expressions</I
139
> in Chapter 3</A
140
> for a description of expression
141
syntax). The configuration system evaluates the expression when the
142
current package is loaded and whenever there is a change to any other
143
option referenced in the expression. The result depends on the
144
option's flavor:</P
145
><P
146
></P
147
><DIV
148
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
149
><DL
150
><DT
151
><TT
152
CLASS="LITERAL"
153
>flavor none</TT
154
></DT
155
><DD
156
><P
157
>Options with this flavor have no value, so the <SPAN
158
CLASS="PROPERTY"
159
>calculated</SPAN
160
>
161
property is not applicable.</P
162
></DD
163
><DT
164
><TT
165
CLASS="LITERAL"
166
>flavor bool</TT
167
></DT
168
><DD
169
><P
170
>If the expression evaluates to a non-zero result the option is
171
enabled, otherwise it is disabled.</P
172
></DD
173
><DT
174
><TT
175
CLASS="LITERAL"
176
>flavor booldata</TT
177
></DT
178
><DD
179
><P
180
>If the result of evaluating the expression is zero then the option is
181
disabled, otherwise the option is enabled and its value is the result.</P
182
></DD
183
><DT
184
><TT
185
CLASS="LITERAL"
186
>flavor data</TT
187
></DT
188
><DD
189
><P
190
>The value of the option is the result of evaluating the expression.</P
191
></DD
192
></DL
193
></DIV
194
><P
195
>There are a number of valid uses for calculated options, and there are
196
also many cases where some other CDL facility would be more
197
appropriate. Valid uses of calculated options include the following:</P
198
><P
199
></P
200
><UL
201
><LI
202
><P
203
>On some target hardware a particular feature may be user-configurable,
204
while on other targets it is fixed. For example some processors can
205
operate in either big-endian or little-endian mode, while other
206
processors do not provide any choice. It is possible to have an
207
option <TT
208
CLASS="LITERAL"
209
>CYGARC_BIGENDIAN</TT
210
> which is calculated in
211
some architectural HAL packages but user-modifiable in others.</P
212
></LI
213
><LI
214
><P
215
>Calculated options can provide an alternative way for one package to
216
affect the behavior of another one. Suppose a package may provide two
217
possible implementations, a preferred one involving self-modifying
218
code and a slower alternative. If the system involves a ROM bootstrap
219
then the slower alternative must be used, but it would be
220
inappropriate to modify the startup option in every HAL to impose
221
constraints on this package. Instead it is possible to have a
222
calculated option whose value is
223
<TT
224
CLASS="LITERAL"
225
>{&nbsp;CYG_HAL_STARTUP&nbsp;==&nbsp;"ROM"&nbsp;}</TT
226
>,
227
and which has appropriate consequences. Arguably this is a spurious
228
example, and it should be a user choice whether or not to use
229
self-modifying code with a <SPAN
230
CLASS="PROPERTY"
231
>default_value</SPAN
232
> based on
233
<TT
234
CLASS="LITERAL"
235
>CYG_HAL_STARTUP</TT
236
>, but that is for the component
237
writer to decide.</P
238
></LI
239
><LI
240
><P
241
>Sometimes it should be possible to perform a particular test at
242
compile-time, for example by using a C preprocessor
243
<TT
244
CLASS="LITERAL"
245
>#if</TT
246
> construct. However the preprocessor has only
247
limited functionality, for example it cannot perform string
248
comparisons. CDL expressions are more powerful.</P
249
></LI
250
><LI
251
><P
252
>Occasionally a particular sub-expression may occur multiple times in
253
a CDL script. If the sub-expression is sufficiently complex then it
254
may be worthwhile to have a calculated option whose value is the
255
sub-expression, and then reference that calculated option in the
256
appropriate places. </P
257
></LI
258
></UL
259
><P
260
>Alternatives to using calculated options include the following:</P
261
><P
262
></P
263
><UL
264
><LI
265
><P
266
>CDL <A
267
HREF="language.interface.html"
268
>interfaces</A
269
> are a form of
270
calculated option intended as an abstraction mechanism. An interface
271
can be used to express the concept of <SPAN
272
CLASS="emphasis"
273
><I
274
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
275
>any
276
scheduler</I
277
></SPAN
278
>, as opposed to a specific one such as the bitmap scheduler.</P
279
></LI
280
><LI
281
><P
282
>If a calculated option would serve only to add additional information
283
to a configuration header file, it may be possible to achieve the same
284
effect using a <A
285
HREF="ref.define-proc.html"
286
><SPAN
287
CLASS="PROPERTY"
288
>define_proc</SPAN
289
></A
290
>
291
property or one of the other properties related to header file
292
generation.</P
293
></LI
294
></UL
295
><DIV
296
CLASS="TIP"
297
><BLOCKQUOTE
298
CLASS="TIP"
299
><P
300
><B
301
>Tip: </B
302
>If the first entry in a <SPAN
303
CLASS="PROPERTY"
304
>calculated</SPAN
305
> expression is a negative
306
number, for example <TT
307
CLASS="LITERAL"
308
>calculated&nbsp;-1</TT
309
> then this
310
can be misinterpreted as an option instead of as part of the
311
expression. Currently the <SPAN
312
CLASS="PROPERTY"
313
>calculated</SPAN
314
> property does not take any
315
options, but this may change in future. Option processing halts at the
316
sequence <TT
317
CLASS="LITERAL"
318
>--</TT
319
>, so the desired value can be expressed
320
safely using
321
<TT
322
CLASS="LITERAL"
323
>calculated&nbsp;--&nbsp;-1</TT
324
></P
325
></BLOCKQUOTE
326
></DIV
327
><DIV
328
CLASS="WARNING"
329
><P
330
></P
331
><TABLE
332
CLASS="WARNING"
333
BORDER="1"
334
WIDTH="100%"
335
><TR
336
><TD
337
ALIGN="CENTER"
338
><B
339
>Warning</B
340
></TD
341
></TR
342
><TR
343
><TD
344
ALIGN="LEFT"
345
><P
346
>Some of the CDL scripts in current <SPAN
347
CLASS="APPLICATION"
348
>eCos</SPAN
349
> releases make excessive use
350
of calculated options. This is partly because the recommended
351
alternatives were not always available at the time the scripts were
352
written. It is also partly because there is still some missing
353
functionality, for example <SPAN
354
CLASS="PROPERTY"
355
>define_proc</SPAN
356
> properties cannot yet access
357
the configuration data so it may be necessary to use <SPAN
358
CLASS="PROPERTY"
359
>calculated</SPAN
360
>
361
properties to access the data and perform the desired manipulation via
362
a <SPAN
363
CLASS="APPLICATION"
364
>CDL</SPAN
365
> expression. New scripts should use calculated options only in
366
accordance with the guidelines.</P
367
></TD
368
></TR
369
></TABLE
370
></DIV
371
><DIV
372
CLASS="NOTE"
373
><BLOCKQUOTE
374
CLASS="NOTE"
375
><P
376
><B
377
>Note: </B
378
>For options with the booldata flavor the current CDL syntax does not
379
allow the enabled flag and the value to be calculated separately.
380
Functionality to permit this may be added in a future release.</P
381
></BLOCKQUOTE
382
></DIV
383
><DIV
384
CLASS="NOTE"
385
><BLOCKQUOTE
386
CLASS="NOTE"
387
><P
388
><B
389
>Note: </B
390
>It has been suggested that having options which are not
391
user-modifiable is potentially confusing, and that a top-level
392
<TT
393
CLASS="LITERAL"
394
>cdl_constant</TT
395
> command should be added to the
396
language instead of or in addition to the <SPAN
397
CLASS="PROPERTY"
398
>calculated</SPAN
399
> property. Such
400
a change is under consideration. However because the value of a
401
calculated option can depend on other options, it is not necessarily
402
constant.</P
403
></BLOCKQUOTE
404
></DIV
405
></DIV
406
><DIV
407
CLASS="REFSECT1"
408
><A
409
NAME="AEN3799"
410
></A
411
><H2
412
>Example</H2
413
><TABLE
414
BORDER="5"
415
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
416
WIDTH="70%"
417
><TR
418
><TD
419
><PRE
420
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
421
># A constant on some target hardware, perhaps user-modifiable on other
422
# targets.
423
cdl_option CYGNUM_HAL_RTC_PERIOD {
424
    display       "Real-time clock period"
425
    flavor        data
426
    calculated    12500
427
}</PRE
428
></TD
429
></TR
430
></TABLE
431
></DIV
432
><DIV
433
CLASS="REFSECT1"
434
><A
435
NAME="AEN3802"
436
></A
437
><H2
438
>See Also</H2
439
><P
440
>Properties <A
441
HREF="ref.default-value.html"
442
><SPAN
443
CLASS="PROPERTY"
444
>default_value</SPAN
445
></A
446
>,
447
<A
448
HREF="ref.flavor.html"
449
><SPAN
450
CLASS="PROPERTY"
451
>flavor</SPAN
452
></A
453
> and
454
<A
455
HREF="ref.legal-values.html"
456
><SPAN
457
CLASS="PROPERTY"
458
>legal_values</SPAN
459
></A
460
>,</P
461
></DIV
462
><DIV
463
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
464
><HR
465
ALIGN="LEFT"
466
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
467
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
468
WIDTH="100%"
469
BORDER="0"
470
CELLPADDING="0"
471
CELLSPACING="0"
472
><TR
473
><TD
474
WIDTH="33%"
475
ALIGN="left"
476
VALIGN="top"
477
><A
478
HREF="ref.active-if.html"
479
ACCESSKEY="P"
480
>Prev</A
481
></TD
482
><TD
483
WIDTH="34%"
484
ALIGN="center"
485
VALIGN="top"
486
><A
487
HREF="cdl-guide.html"
488
ACCESSKEY="H"
489
>Home</A
490
></TD
491
><TD
492
WIDTH="33%"
493
ALIGN="right"
494
VALIGN="top"
495
><A
496
HREF="ref.compile.html"
497
ACCESSKEY="N"
498
>Next</A
499
></TD
500
></TR
501
><TR
502
><TD
503
WIDTH="33%"
504
ALIGN="left"
505
VALIGN="top"
506
><SPAN
507
CLASS="PROPERTY"
508
>active_if</SPAN
509
></TD
510
><TD
511
WIDTH="34%"
512
ALIGN="center"
513
VALIGN="top"
514
><A
515
HREF="reference.html"
516
ACCESSKEY="U"
517
>Up</A
518
></TD
519
><TD
520
WIDTH="33%"
521
ALIGN="right"
522
VALIGN="top"
523
><SPAN
524
CLASS="PROPERTY"
525
>compile</SPAN
526
></TD
527
></TR
528
></TABLE
529
></DIV
530
></BODY
531
></HTML
532
>

powered by: WebSVN 2.1.0

© copyright 1999-2024 OpenCores.org, equivalent to Oliscience, all rights reserved. OpenCores®, registered trademark.