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<HTML
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>NEC uPD985xx USB Device Driver</TITLE
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WIDTH="100%"></DIV
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><H1
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><A
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NAME="DEVS-USB-NEC-UPD985XX">NEC uPD985xx USB Device Driver</H1
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
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><A
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NAME="AEN18819"
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></A
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><H2
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>Name</H2
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>NEC uPD985xx USB Support -- Device driver for the on-chip NEC uPD985xx USB device</DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN18822"
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></A
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><H2
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>NEC uPD985xx USB Hardware</H2
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><P
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>The NEC uPD985xx family of processors is supplied with an on-chip USB
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slave device, the UDC (USB Device Controller). This supports seven
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endpoints. Endpoint 0 can only be used for control messages. Endpoints
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1 and 2 are for isochronous transmits and receives respectively.
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Endpoints 3 and 4 support bulk transmits and receives. Endpoints 5 and
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6 normally support interrupt transmits and receives, but endpoint 5 can
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also be configured to support bulk transmits. At this time only the
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control endpoint 0, the bulk endpoints 3 and 4, and the interrupt
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endpoint 5 are supported.</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN18825"
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></A
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><H2
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>Endpoint Data Structures</H2
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><P
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>The uPD985xx USB device driver can provide up to four data structures
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corresponding to the four supported endpoints: a
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<SPAN
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CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
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>usbs_control_endpoint</SPAN
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> structure
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<TT
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CLASS="VARNAME"
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>usbs_upd985xx_ep0</TT
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>;
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<SPAN
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CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
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>usbs_tx_endpoint</SPAN
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> structures
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<TT
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CLASS="VARNAME"
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>usbs_upd985xx_ep3</TT
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> and
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<TT
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CLASS="VARNAME"
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>usbs_upd985xx_ep5</TT
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>; and a
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<SPAN
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CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
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>usbs_rx_endpoint</SPAN
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>
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<TT
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CLASS="VARNAME"
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>usbs_upd985xx_ep4</TT
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>. The header file
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<TT
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CLASS="FILENAME"
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>cyg/io/usb/usbs_nec_upd985xx.h</TT
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>
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provides declarations for these.</P
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><P
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>Not all applications will require support for all the endpoints. For
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example, if the intended use of the UDC only involves peripheral to
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host transfers then <TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>usbs_upd985xx_ep4</TT
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> is redundant.
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The device driver provides configuration options to control the
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presence of each endpoint:</P
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><P
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></P
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><OL
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TYPE="1"
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><LI
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><P
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>Endpoint 0 is controlled by
|
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<TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>CYGFUN_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP0</TT
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>. This defaults to
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enabled if there are any higher-level packages that require USB
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hardware or if the global preference
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<TT
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CLASS="LITERAL"
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>CYGGLO_IO_USB_SLAVE_APPLICATION</TT
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> is enabled,
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otherwise it is disabled. Usually this has the desired effect. It may
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be necessary to override this in special circumstances, for example if
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the target board uses an external USB chip in preference to the UDC
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and it is that external chip's device driver that should be used
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rather than the on-chip UDC. It is not possible to disable endpoint 0
|
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and at the same time enable one or both of the other endpoints, since
|
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a USB device is only usable if it can process the standard control
|
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messages.</P
|
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></LI
|
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><LI
|
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><P
|
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>Endpoint 3 is controlled by
|
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
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>CYGPKG_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP3</TT
|
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>. By default this
|
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endpoint is disabled: according to NEC erratum U3 there may be
|
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problems when attempting bulk transfers of 192 bytes or greater. As an
|
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alternative the device driver provides support for endpoint 5,
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configured to allow bulk transfers. Endpoint 3 can be enabled if the
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application only requires bulk transfers of less than 192 bytes, or if
|
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this erratum is not applicable to the system being developed for other
|
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reasons.</P
|
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></LI
|
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><LI
|
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><P
|
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>Endpoint 4 is controlled by
|
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
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>CYGPKG_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP4</TT
|
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>. This is enabled by
|
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default whenever endpoint 0 is enabled, but it can be disabled
|
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manually.</P
|
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></LI
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><LI
|
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><P
|
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>Endpoint 5 is controlled by
|
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
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>CYGPKG_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP5</TT
|
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>. This is enabled by
|
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default whenever endpoint 0 is enabled, but it can be disabled
|
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manually. There is also a configuration option
|
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
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>CYGIMP_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP5_BULK</TT
|
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>, enabled by
|
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default. This option allows the endpoint to be used for bulk
|
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transfers rather than interrupt transfers.</P
|
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></LI
|
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></OL
|
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><P
|
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>The uPD985xx USB device driver implements the interface specified by the
|
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common eCos USB Slave Support package. The documentation for that
|
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package should be consulted for further details. </P
|
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><P
|
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>The device driver assumes a bulk packet size of 64 bytes, so this
|
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value should be used in the endpoint descriptors in the enumeration
|
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data provided by application code. The device driver also assumes
|
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a control packet size of eight bytes, and again this should be
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reflected in the enumeration data. If endpoint 5 is configured for
|
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interrupt rather than bulk transfers then the maximum packet size is
|
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limited to 64 bytes by the USB standard.</P
|
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|
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></DIV
|
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><DIV
|
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|
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
|
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><A
|
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|
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NAME="AEN18855"
|
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></A
|
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><H2
|
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>Devtab Entries</H2
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><P
|
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>In addition to the endpoint data structures the uPD985xx USB device
|
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driver can also provide devtab entries for each endpoint. This allows
|
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higher-level code to use traditional I/O operations such as
|
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<TT
|
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|
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CLASS="FUNCTION"
|
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>open</TT
|
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>/<TT
|
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CLASS="FUNCTION"
|
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>read</TT
|
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>/<TT
|
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CLASS="FUNCTION"
|
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>write</TT
|
262 |
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>
|
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rather than the USB-specific non-blocking functions like
|
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<TT
|
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|
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CLASS="FUNCTION"
|
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>usbs_start_rx_buffer</TT
|
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>. These devtab entries are
|
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optional since they are not always required. The relevant
|
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configuration options are
|
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
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>CYGVAR_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP0_DEVTAB_ENTRY</TT
|
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>,
|
274 |
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
276 |
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>CYGVAR_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP3_DEVTAB_ENTRY</TT
|
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>,
|
278 |
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<TT
|
279 |
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
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>CYGVAR_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP4_DEVTAB_ENTRY</TT
|
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|
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>, and
|
282 |
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<TT
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
284 |
|
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>CYGVAR_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP5_DEVTAB_ENTRY</TT
|
285 |
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|
>. By
|
286 |
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default these devtab entries are provided if the global preference
|
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|
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<TT
|
288 |
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
289 |
|
|
>CYGGLO_USB_SLAVE_PROVIDE_DEVTAB_ENTRIES</TT
|
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> is enabled,
|
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which is usually the case. Obviously a devtab entry for a given
|
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endpoint will only be provided if the underlying endpoint is enabled.
|
293 |
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For example, there will not be a devtab entry for endpoint 4 if
|
294 |
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<TT
|
295 |
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
296 |
|
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>CYGPKG_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_EP4</TT
|
297 |
|
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> is disabled.</P
|
298 |
|
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><P
|
299 |
|
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>The names for the devtab entries are determined by using a
|
300 |
|
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configurable base name and appending <TT
|
301 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
302 |
|
|
>0c</TT
|
303 |
|
|
>,
|
304 |
|
|
<TT
|
305 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
306 |
|
|
>3w</TT
|
307 |
|
|
>, <TT
|
308 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
309 |
|
|
>4r</TT
|
310 |
|
|
> or <TT
|
311 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
312 |
|
|
>5w</TT
|
313 |
|
|
>.
|
314 |
|
|
The base name is determined by the configuration option
|
315 |
|
|
<TT
|
316 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
317 |
|
|
>CYGDAT_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_DEVTAB_BASENAME</TT
|
318 |
|
|
> and has a
|
319 |
|
|
default value of <TT
|
320 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
321 |
|
|
>/dev/usbs</TT
|
322 |
|
|
>, so the devtab entry for
|
323 |
|
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endpoint 4 would default to <TT
|
324 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
325 |
|
|
>/dev/usbs4r</TT
|
326 |
|
|
>. If the
|
327 |
|
|
target hardware involves multiple USB devices then application
|
328 |
|
|
developers may have to change the base name to prevent a name clash
|
329 |
|
|
with other USB device drivers.</P
|
330 |
|
|
></DIV
|
331 |
|
|
><DIV
|
332 |
|
|
CLASS="REFSECT1"
|
333 |
|
|
><A
|
334 |
|
|
NAME="AEN18876"
|
335 |
|
|
></A
|
336 |
|
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><H2
|
337 |
|
|
>Restrictions</H2
|
338 |
|
|
><P
|
339 |
|
|
>The current device driver imposes a restriction on certain bulk
|
340 |
|
|
receives on endpoint 4. If the protocol being used involves
|
341 |
|
|
variable-length transfers, in other words if the host is allowed to
|
342 |
|
|
send less data than a maximum-sized transfer, then the buffer passed
|
343 |
|
|
to the device driver for receives must be aligned to a 16-byte
|
344 |
|
|
cacheline boundary and it must be a multiple of this 16-byte cacheline
|
345 |
|
|
size. This restriction does not apply if the protocol only involves
|
346 |
|
|
fixed-size transfers.</P
|
347 |
|
|
></DIV
|
348 |
|
|
><DIV
|
349 |
|
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
|
350 |
|
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><A
|
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|
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NAME="AEN18879"
|
352 |
|
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></A
|
353 |
|
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><H2
|
354 |
|
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>Optional Hardware Workarounds</H2
|
355 |
|
|
><P
|
356 |
|
|
>The NEC errata list a number of other problems that affect the USB
|
357 |
|
|
device driver. The device driver contains workarounds for these, which
|
358 |
|
|
are enabled by default but can be disabled if the application
|
359 |
|
|
developer knows that the errata are not relevant to the system being
|
360 |
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|
developed.</P
|
361 |
|
|
><P
|
362 |
|
|
>Erratum S1 lists a possible problem if the device driver attempts
|
363 |
|
|
multiple writes to the USB hardware. This is circumvented by a
|
364 |
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|
dummy read operation after every write. If the workaround is not
|
365 |
|
|
required then the configuration option
|
366 |
|
|
<TT
|
367 |
|
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CLASS="LITERAL"
|
368 |
|
|
>CYGIMP_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_IBUS_WRITE_LIMIT</TT
|
369 |
|
|
> can be disabled.</P
|
370 |
|
|
><P
|
371 |
|
|
>Errata U3 and U4 describe various problems related to concurrent
|
372 |
|
|
transmissions on different endpoints. By default the device driver
|
373 |
|
|
works around this by serializing all transmit operations. For example
|
374 |
|
|
if the device driver needs to send a response to a control message on
|
375 |
|
|
endpoint 0 while there is an ongoing bulk transfer on endpoint 5, the
|
376 |
|
|
response is delayed until the bulk transfer has completed. Under
|
377 |
|
|
typical operating conditions this does not cause any problems:
|
378 |
|
|
endpoint 0 traffic usually happens only during initialization, when
|
379 |
|
|
the target is connected to the host, while endpoint 5 traffic only
|
380 |
|
|
happens after initialization. However if transmit serialization is
|
381 |
|
|
inappropriate for the system being developed then it can be disabled
|
382 |
|
|
using the configuration option
|
383 |
|
|
<TT
|
384 |
|
|
CLASS="LITERAL"
|
385 |
|
|
>CYGIMP_DEVS_USB_UPD985XX_SERIALIZE_TRANSMITS</TT
|
386 |
|
|
>. </P
|
387 |
|
|
></DIV
|
388 |
|
|
><DIV
|
389 |
|
|
CLASS="REFSECT1"
|
390 |
|
|
><A
|
391 |
|
|
NAME="AEN18886"
|
392 |
|
|
></A
|
393 |
|
|
><H2
|
394 |
|
|
>Platform Dependencies</H2
|
395 |
|
|
><P
|
396 |
|
|
>On some platforms it is necessary for the low-level USB device driver
|
397 |
|
|
to perform some additional operations during start-up. For example it
|
398 |
|
|
may be necessary to manipulate one of the processor's GPIO lines
|
399 |
|
|
before the host can detect a new USB peripheral and attempt to
|
400 |
|
|
communicate with it. This avoids problems if the target involves a
|
401 |
|
|
significant amount of work prior to device driver initialization, for
|
402 |
|
|
example a power-on self-test sequence. If the USB host attempted to
|
403 |
|
|
contact the target before the USB device driver had been initialized,
|
404 |
|
|
it would fail to get the expected responses and conclude that the
|
405 |
|
|
target was not a functional USB peripheral.</P
|
406 |
|
|
><P
|
407 |
|
|
>Platform-specific initialization code can be provided via a macro
|
408 |
|
|
<TT
|
409 |
|
|
CLASS="FUNCTION"
|
410 |
|
|
>UPD985XX_USB_PLATFORM_INIT</TT
|
411 |
|
|
>. Typically this macro
|
412 |
|
|
would be defined in the platform HAL's header file
|
413 |
|
|
<TT
|
414 |
|
|
CLASS="FILENAME"
|
415 |
|
|
>cyg/hal/plf_io.h</TT
|
416 |
|
|
>. If the
|
417 |
|
|
current platform defines such a macro, the USB device driver will
|
418 |
|
|
invoke it during the endpoint 0 start-up operation.</P
|
419 |
|
|
></DIV
|
420 |
|
|
><DIV
|
421 |
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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><TD
|
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WIDTH="33%"
|
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|
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ALIGN="left"
|
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VALIGN="top"
|
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|
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HREF="devs-usb-nec-upd985xx-ref.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="P"
|
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>Prev</A
|
439 |
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|
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><TD
|
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WIDTH="34%"
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ALIGN="center"
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VALIGN="top"
|
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|
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HREF="ecos-ref.html"
|
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ACCESSKEY="H"
|
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>Home</A
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VALIGN="top"
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|
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>NEC uPD985xx USB Device Driver</TD
|
465 |
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><TD
|
466 |
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WIDTH="34%"
|
467 |
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ALIGN="center"
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476 |
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ALIGN="right"
|
477 |
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VALIGN="top"
|
478 |
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>Synthetic Target Ethernet Driver</TD
|
479 |
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></TR
|
480 |
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|
481 |
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|
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