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><DIV
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><A
NAME="ECOS-REF"><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="TITLE"
><A
NAME="AEN2">eCos Reference Manual</H1
><P
CLASS="COPYRIGHT"
>Copyright &copy; 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 by Red Hat, Inc., Nick Garnett (eCosCentric), Jonathan Larmour (eCosCentric), Andrew Lunn (Ascom), Gary Thomas (MLB Associates), Bart Veer (eCosCentric)</P
><DIV
CLASS="LEGALNOTICE"
><A
NAME="AEN17"><P
><B
>Documentation licensing terms</B
></P
><P
>This material may be distributed only subject to the terms
and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0
or later (the latest version is presently available at
<A
HREF="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/</A
>).</P
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>Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any
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><DIV
CLASS="LEGALNOTICE"
><A
NAME="AEN23"><P
><B
>Trademarks</B
></P
><P
>Red Hat, the Red Hat Shadow Man logo&reg;, eCos&#8482;, RedBoot&#8482;,
GNUPro&reg;, and Insight&#8482; are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. </P
><P
>Sun Microsystems&reg; and Solaris&reg; are registered trademarks of
Sun Microsystems, Inc. </P
><P
>SPARC&reg; is a registered trademark of SPARC International, Inc., and
is used under license by Sun Microsystems, Inc. </P
><P
>Intel&reg; is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.</P
><P
>Motorola&#8482; is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.</P
><P
>ARM&reg; is a registered trademark of Advanced RISC Machines, Ltd.</P
><P
>MIPS&#8482; is a trademark of MIPS Technologies, Inc.</P
><P
>Toshiba&reg; is a registered trademark of the Toshiba Corporation.</P
><P
>NEC&reg; is a registered trademark if the NEC Corporation.</P
><P
>Cirrus Logic&reg; is a registered trademark of Cirrus Logic, Inc.</P
><P
>Compaq&reg; is a registered trademark of the Compaq Computer Corporation.</P
><P
>Matsushita&#8482; is a trademark of the Matsushita Electric Corporation.</P
><P
>Samsung&reg; and CalmRISC&#8482; are trademarks or registered trademarks
of Samsung, Inc. </P
><P
>Linux&reg; is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. </P
><P
>UNIX&reg; is a registered trademark of The Open Group. </P
><P
>Microsoft&reg;, Windows&reg;, and Windows NT&reg; are registered trademarks
of Microsoft Corporation, Inc. </P
><P
>All other brand and product names, trademarks, and copyrights are the
property of their respective owners. </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="LEGALNOTICE"
><A
NAME="AEN42"><P
><B
>Warranty</B
></P
><P
>eCos and RedBoot are open source software, covered by a
modified version of the <A
HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"
TARGET="_top"
>GNU
General Public Licence</A
>,
and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain
conditions. See <A
HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/license-overview.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/license-overview.html</A
> for more information about the license.</P
><P
>eCos and RedBoot software have NO WARRANTY. </P
><P
>Because this software is licensed free of charge, there are no warranties
for it, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Except when otherwise stated
in writing, the copyright holders and/or other parties provide the software
&#8220;as is&#8221; without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied,
including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance
of the software is with you. Should the software prove defective, you assume
the cost of all necessary servicing, repair or correction.</P
><P
> In no event, unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
will any copyright holder, or any other party who may modify and/or redistribute
the program as permitted above, be liable to you for damages, including any
general, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use
or inability to use the program (including but not limited to loss of data
or data being rendered inaccurate or losses sustained by you or third parties
or a failure of the program to operate with any other programs), even if such
holder or other party has been advised of the possibility of such damages.</P
></DIV
><HR></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
>I. <A
HREF="kernel.html"
>The eCos Kernel</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-overview.html"
>Kernel Overview</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Overview of the eCos Kernel</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-smp.html"
>SMP Support</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Support Symmetric Multiprocessing Systems</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-create.html"
>Thread creation</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Create a new thread</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-info.html"
>Thread information</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Get basic thread information</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-control.html"
>Thread control</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Control whether or not a thread is running</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-termination.html"
>Thread termination</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Allow threads to terminate</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-priorities.html"
>Thread priorities</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Examine and manipulate thread priorities</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-data.html"
>Per-thread data</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Manipulate per-thread data</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-thread-destructors.html"
>Thread destructors</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Call functions on thread termination</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-exceptions.html"
>Exception handling</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Handle processor exceptions</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-counters.html"
>Counters</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Count event occurrences</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-clocks.html"
>Clocks</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Provide system clocks</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-alarms.html"
>Alarms</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Run an alarm function when a number of events have occurred</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-mutexes.html"
>Mutexes</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Synchronization primitive</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-condition-variables.html"
>Condition Variables</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Synchronization primitive</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-semaphores.html"
>Semaphores</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Synchronization primitive</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-mail-boxes.html"
>Mail boxes</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Synchronization primitive</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-flags.html"
>Event Flags</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Synchronization primitive</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-spinlocks.html"
>Spinlocks</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Low-level Synchronization Primitive</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-schedcontrol.html"
>Scheduler Control</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Control the state of the scheduler</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-interrupts.html"
>Interrupt Handling</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Manage interrupt handlers</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="kernel-characterization.html"
>Kernel Real-time Characterization</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Measure the performance of the eCos kernel</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>II. <A
HREF="redboot.html"
>RedBoot&#8482; User's Guide</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>1. <A
HREF="getting-started-with-redboot.html"
>Getting Started with RedBoot</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="getting-started-with-redboot.html#REDBOOT-ON-THE-WEB"
>More information about RedBoot on the web</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="installing-redboot.html"
>Installing RedBoot</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="user-interface.html"
>User Interface</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="redboot-editing-commands.html"
>RedBoot Editing Commands</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="startup-mode.html"
>RedBoot Startup Mode</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="resource-usage.html"
>RedBoot Resource Usage</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="configuring-the-redboot-environment.html"
>Configuring the RedBoot Environment</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>2. <A
HREF="redboot-commands-and-examples.html"
>RedBoot Commands and Examples</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="redboot-commands-and-examples.html#AEN2850"
>Introduction</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="common-commands.html"
>Common Commands</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="flash-image-system.html"
>Flash Image System (FIS)</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="persistent-state-flash.html"
>Persistent State Flash-based Configuration and Control</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="executing-programs.html"
>Executing Programs from RedBoot</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>3. <A
HREF="rebuilding-redboot.html"
>Rebuilding RedBoot</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="rebuilding-redboot.html#AEN4673"
>Introduction</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>4. <A
HREF="updating-redboot.html"
>Updating RedBoot</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="updating-redboot.html#AEN4752"
>Introduction</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>5. <A
HREF="installation-and-testing.html"
>Installation and Testing</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="installation-and-testing.html#ASB2305"
>AM3x/MN103E010 Matsushita MN103E010 (AM33/2.0) ASB2305 Board</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="e7t.html"
>ARM/ARM7 ARM Evaluator7T</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="integrator.html"
>ARM/ARM7+ARM9 ARM Integrator</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="pid.html"
>ARM/ARM7+ARM9 ARM PID Board and EPI Dev7+Dev9</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="at91.html"
>ARM/ARM7 Atmel AT91 Evaluation Board (EB40)</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="edb7xxx.html"
>ARM/ARM7 Cirrus Logic EP7xxx (EDB7211, EDB7212, EDB7312)</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="aaed2000.html"
>ARM/ARM9 Agilent AAED2000</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="excaliburarm9.html"
>ARM/ARM9 Altera Excalibur</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="ebsa285.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA110) Intel EBSA 285</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="brutus.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA1100) Intel Brutus</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="sa1100mm.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA1100) Intel SA1100 Multimedia Board</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="assabet.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA1110) Intel SA1110 (Assabet)</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="nano.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA11X0) Bright Star Engineering commEngine and nanoEngine</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="ipaq.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA11X0) Compaq iPAQ PocketPC</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="cerfcube.html"
>ARM/StrongARM(SA11X0) Intrinsyc CerfCube</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="iq80310.html"
>ARM/Xscale Cyclone IQ80310</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="iq80321.html"
>ARM/Xscale Intel IQ80321</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="calmrisc16.html"
>CalmRISC/CalmRISC16 Samsung CalmRISC16 Core Evaluation Board</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="calmrisc32.html"
>CalmRISC/CalmRISC32 Samsung CalmRISC32 Core Evaluation Board</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="frv400.html"
>FRV/FRV400 Fujitsu FR-V 400 (MB-93091)</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="x86pc.html"
>IA32/x86 x86-Based PC</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="atlas.html"
>MIPS/MIPS32(CoreLV 4Kc)+MIPS64(CoreLV 5Kc) Atlas Board</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="malta.html"
>MIPS/MIPS32(CoreLV 4Kc)+MIPS64(CoreLV 5Kc) Malta Board</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="ocelot.html"
>MIPS/RM7000 PMC-Sierra Ocelot</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="vrc4375.html"
>MIPS/VR4375 NEC DDB-VRC4375</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="viper.html"
>PowerPC/MPC860T Analogue &#38; Micro PowerPC 860T</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="mbx.html"
>PowerPC/MPC8XX Motorola MBX</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="edk7708.html"
>SuperH/SH3(SH7708) Hitachi EDK7708</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="se7709.html"
>SuperH/SH3(SH7709) Hitachi Solution Engine 7709</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hs7729pci.html"
>SuperH/SH3(SH7729) Hitachi HS7729PCI</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="se77x9.html"
>SuperH/SH3(SH77X9) Hitachi Solution Engine 77X9</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="se7751.html"
>SuperH/SH4(SH7751) Hitachi Solution Engine 7751</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>III. <A
HREF="the-ecos-hardware-abstraction-layer.html"
>The eCos Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>6. <A
HREF="hal-introduction.html"
>Introduction</A
></DT
><DT
>7. <A
HREF="hal-architecture-variant-and-platform.html"
>Architecture, Variant and Platform</A
></DT
><DT
>8. <A
HREF="hal-general-principles.html"
>General principles</A
></DT
><DT
>9. <A
HREF="hal-interfaces.html"
>HAL Interfaces</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-interfaces.html#HAL-BASE-DEFINITIONS"
>Base Definitions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-architecture-characterization.html"
>Architecture Characterization</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-interrupt-handling.html"
>Interrupt Handling</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-input-and-output.html"
>HAL I/O</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-cache-control.html"
>Cache Control</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-linker-scripts.html"
>Linker Scripts</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-diagnostic-support.html"
>Diagnostic Support</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-smp-support.html"
>SMP Support</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>10. <A
HREF="hal-exception-handling.html"
>Exception Handling</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-exception-handling.html#HAL-STARTUP"
>HAL Startup</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-vectors-and-vsrs.html"
>Vectors and VSRs</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-default-synchronous-exception-handling.html"
>Default Synchronous Exception Handling</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-default-interrupt-handling.html"
>Default Interrupt Handling</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>11. <A
HREF="hal-porting-guide.html"
>Porting Guide</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-porting-guide.html#HAL-PORTING-INTRO"
>Introduction</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-porting-structure.html"
>HAL Structure</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-calling-if.html"
>Virtual Vectors (eCos/ROM Monitor Calling Interface)</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-porting-coding-conventions.html"
>HAL Coding Conventions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-porting-platform.html"
>Platform HAL Porting</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-porting-variant.html"
>Variant HAL Porting</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="hal-porting-architecture.html"
>Architecture HAL Porting</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>12. <A
HREF="hal-future-developments.html"
>Future developments</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>IV. <A
HREF="libc.html"
>The ISO Standard C and Math Libraries</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>13. <A
HREF="c-and-math-library-overview.html"
>C and math library overview</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="c-and-math-library-overview.html#INCLUDE-NON-ISO-FUNCTIONS"
>Included non-ISO functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="math-library-compatibility-modes.html"
>Math library compatibility modes</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="libc-implementation-details.html"
>Some implementation details</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="libc-thread-safety.html"
>Thread safety</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="c-library-startup.html"
>C library startup</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>V. <A
HREF="io.html"
>I/O Package (Device Drivers)</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>14. <A
HREF="io-package-intro.html"
>Introduction</A
></DT
><DT
>15. <A
HREF="io-user-api.html"
>User API</A
></DT
><DT
>16. <A
HREF="io-serial-driver-details.html"
>Serial driver details</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="io-serial-driver-details.html#IO-SIMPLE-SERIAL-DRIVER"
>Raw Serial Driver</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="io-tty-driver.html"
>TTY driver</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>17. <A
HREF="io-how-to-write-a-driver.html"
>How to Write a Driver</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="io-how-to-write-a-driver.html#IO-HOW-TO-WRITE-SERIAL-INTERFACE-DRIVER"
>How to Write a Serial Hardware Interface Driver</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="io-serial-testing-with-serfilter.html"
>Serial testing with ser_filter</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>18. <A
HREF="devapi-device-driver-interface-to-the-kernel.html"
>Device Driver Interface to the Kernel</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="devapi-device-driver-interface-to-the-kernel.html#DEVAPI-INTERRUPT-MODEL"
>Interrupt Model</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="devapi-synchronization.html"
>Synchronization</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="devapi-smp-support.html"
>SMP Support</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="devapi-device-driver-models.html"
>Device Driver Models</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="devapi-synchronization-levels.html"
>Synchronization Levels</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="devapi-api.html"
>The API</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>VI. <A
HREF="fileio.html"
>File System Support Infrastructure</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>19. <A
HREF="fileio-intro.html"
>Introduction</A
></DT
><DT
>20. <A
HREF="fileio-fstab.html"
>File System Table</A
></DT
><DT
>21. <A
HREF="fileio-mount-table.html"
>Mount Table</A
></DT
><DT
>22. <A
HREF="fileio-file-table.html"
>File Table</A
></DT
><DT
>23. <A
HREF="fileio-directories.html"
>Directories</A
></DT
><DT
>24. <A
HREF="fileio-synchronization.html"
>Synchronization</A
></DT
><DT
>25. <A
HREF="fileio-mounting.html"
>Initialization and Mounting</A
></DT
><DT
>26. <A
HREF="fileio-sockets.html"
>Sockets</A
></DT
><DT
>27. <A
HREF="fileio-select.html"
>Select</A
></DT
><DT
>28. <A
HREF="fileio-devices.html"
>Devices</A
></DT
><DT
>29. <A
HREF="fileio-writing.html"
>Writing a New Filesystem</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>VII. <A
HREF="io-pci.html"
>PCI Library</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>30. <A
HREF="ecos-pci-library.html"
>The eCos PCI Library</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="ecos-pci-library.html#PCI-LIBRARY"
>PCI Library</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="pci-library-reference.html"
>PCI Library reference</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>VIII. <A
HREF="posix-compatibility.html"
>eCos POSIX compatibility layer</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>31. <A
HREF="posix-standard-support.html"
>POSIX Standard Support</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-standard-support.html#POSIX-PROCESS-PRIMITIVES"
>Process Primitives &#0091;POSIX Section 3&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-process-environment.html"
>Process Environment &#0091;POSIX Section 4&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-files-and-directories.html"
>Files and Directories &#0091;POSIX Section 5&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-input-and-output.html"
>Input and Output &#0091;POSIX Section 6&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-device-and-class-specific-functions.html"
>Device and Class Specific Functions &#0091;POSIX Section 7&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-c-language-services.html"
>C Language Services &#0091;POSIX Section 8&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-system-databases.html"
>System Databases &#0091;POSIX Section 9&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-data-interchange-format.html"
>Data Interchange Format &#0091;POSIX Section 10&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-synchronization.html"
>Synchronization &#0091;POSIX Section 11&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-memory-management.html"
>Memory Management &#0091;POSIX Section 12&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-execution-scheduling.html"
>Execution Scheduling &#0091;POSIX Section 13&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-clocks-and-timers.html"
>Clocks and Timers &#0091;POSIX Section 14&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-message-passing.html"
>Message Passing &#0091;POSIX Section 15&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-thread-management.html"
>Thread Management &#0091;POSIX Section 16&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-thread-specific-data.html"
>Thread-Specific Data &#0091;POSIX Section 17&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-thread-cancellation.html"
>Thread Cancellation &#0091;POSIX Section 18&#0093;</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-non-posix-functions.html"
>Non-POSIX Functions</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
><A
HREF="posix-compatibility.html#POSIX-REFERENCES-AND-BIBLIOGRAPHY"
>References and Bibliography</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>IX. <A
HREF="compat-uitron.html"
>&micro;ITRON</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>32. <A
HREF="compat-uitron-microitron-api.html"
>&micro;ITRON API</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-microitron-api.html#COMPAT-UITRON-INTRODUCTION"
>Introduction to &micro;ITRON</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-over-ecos.html"
>&micro;ITRON and <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>eCos</I
></SPAN
></A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-task-management-functions.html"
>Task Management Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-task-dependent-synch-functions.html"
>Task-Dependent Synchronization Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-sync-and-comm-functions.html"
>Synchronization and Communication Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-extended-sync-comm-functions.html"
>Extended Synchronization and Communication Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-interrupt-management-functions.html"
>Interrupt management functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-memory-pool-mgmt-functions.html"
>Memory pool Management Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-time-mgmt-functions.html"
>Time Management Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-system-mgmt-functions.html"
>System Management Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-network-support-functions.html"
>Network Support Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="compat-uitron-configuration-faq.html"
>&micro;ITRON Configuration FAQ</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>X. <A
HREF="net-common-tcpip.html"
>TCP/IP Stack Support for eCos</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>33. <A
HREF="net-common-ethernet-driver-design.html"
>Ethernet Driver Design</A
></DT
><DT
>34. <A
HREF="net-common-sample-code.html"
>Sample Code</A
></DT
><DT
>35. <A
HREF="net-common-configuring-ip-addresses.html"
>Configuring IP Addresses</A
></DT
><DT
>36. <A
HREF="net-common-tests-and-demonstrations.html"
>Tests and Demonstrations</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tests-and-demonstrations.html#NET-COMMON-LOOPBACK-TESTS"
>Loopback tests</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-building-the-network-tests.html"
>Building the Network Tests</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-standalone-tests.html"
>Standalone Tests</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-performance-test.html"
>Performance Test</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-interactive-tests.html"
>Interactive Tests</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-maintenance-tools.html"
>Maintenance Tools</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>37. <A
HREF="net-common-support.html"
>Support Features</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-support.html#NET-COMMON-TFTP"
>TFTP</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-dhcp.html"
>DHCP</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>38. <A
HREF="tcpip-library-reference.html"
>TCP/IP Library Reference</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-library-reference.html#NET-COMMON-TCPIP-MANPAGES-GETDOMAINNAME"
>getdomainname</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-gethostname.html"
>gethostname</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-byteorder.html"
>byteorder</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-ethers.html"
>ethers</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getaddrinfo.html"
>getaddrinfo</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-gethostbyname.html"
>gethostbyname</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getifaddrs.html"
>getifaddrs</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getnameinfo.html"
>getnameinfo</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getnetent.html"
>getnetent</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getprotoent.html"
>getprotoent</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getrrsetbyname.html"
>getrrsetbyname</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getservent.html"
>getservent</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-if-nametoindex.html"
>if_nametoindex</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-inet.html"
>inet</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-inet6-option-space.html"
>inet6_option_space</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-inet6-rthdr-space.html"
>inet6_rthdr_space</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-inet-net.html"
>inet_net</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-ipx.html"
>ipx</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-iso-addr.html"
>iso_addr</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-link-addr.html"
>link_addr</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-net-addrcmp.html"
>net_addrcmp</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-ns.html"
>ns</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-resolver.html"
>resolver</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-accept.html"
>accept</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-bind.html"
>bind</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-connect.html"
>connect</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getpeername.html"
>getpeername</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getsockname.html"
>getsockname</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-getsockopt.html"
>getsockopt</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-ioctl.html"
>ioctl</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-poll.html"
>poll</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-select.html"
>select</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-send.html"
>send</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-shutdown.html"
>shutdown</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-socket.html"
>socket</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-common-tcpip-manpages-socketpair.html"
>socketpair</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XI. <A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd.html"
>FreeBSD TCP/IP Stack port for eCos</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>39. <A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-networking-stack-features.html"
>Networking Stack Features</A
></DT
><DT
>40. <A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-stack-port.html"
>Freebsd TCP/IP stack port</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-stack-port.html#TCPIP-FREEBSD-TCPIP-TARGETS"
>Targets</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-building-the-network-stack.html"
>Building the Network Stack</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>41. <A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-tcpip-apis.html"
>APIs</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-tcpip-apis.html#TCPIP-FREEBSD-STANDARD-NETWORKING-API"
>Standard networking</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-freebsd-enhanced-select.html"
>Enhanced Select()</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XII. <A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd.html"
>OpenBSD TCP/IP Stack port for eCos</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>42. <A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-networking-stack-features.html"
>Networking Stack Features</A
></DT
><DT
>43. <A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-stack-port.html"
>OpenBSD TCP/IP stack port</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-stack-port.html#TCPIP-OPENBSD-TCPIP-TARGETS"
>Targets</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-building-the-network-stack.html"
>Building the Network Stack</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>44. <A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-tcpip-apis.html"
>APIs</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-tcpip-apis.html#TCPIP-OPENBSD-STANDARD-NETWORKING-API"
>Standard networking</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="tcpip-openbsd-enhanced-select.html"
>Enhanced Select()</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XIII. <A
HREF="net-ns-dns.html"
>DNS for eCos and RedBoot</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>45. <A
HREF="net-ns-dns-api.html"
>DNS</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="net-ns-dns-api.html#NET-NS-DNS-API1"
>DNS API</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XIV. <A
HREF="io-eth-drv-generic.html"
>Ethernet Device Drivers</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>46. <A
HREF="io-eth-drv-generic1.html"
>Generic Ethernet Device Driver</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="io-eth-drv-generic1.html#IO-ETH-DRV-API"
>Generic Ethernet API</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="io-eth-drv-api-funcs.html"
>Review of the functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="io-eth-drv-upper-api.html"
>Upper Layer Functions</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="io-eth-call-graph.html"
>Calling graph for Transmission and Reception</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XV. <A
HREF="net-snmp.html"
>SNMP</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>47. <A
HREF="net-snmp-ecos-port.html"
>SNMP for <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>eCos</I
></SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-ecos-port.html#NET-SNMP-VERSION"
>Version</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-package-contents.html"
>SNMP packages in the <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>eCos</I
></SPAN
> source repository</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-mibs-supported.html"
>MIBs supported</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-ecos-changes.html"
>Changes to eCos sources</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-starting-the-snmp-agent.html"
>Starting the SNMP Agent</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-configuring-ecos.html"
>Configuring eCos</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-test-cases.html"
>Test cases</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-clients-and-package-use.html"
>SNMP clients and package use</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-unimplemented-features.html"
>Unimplemented features</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-mib-compiler.html"
>MIB Compiler</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-snmp-agent-manpages-snmpd.conf.html"
>snmpd.conf</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XVI. <A
HREF="net-httpd.html"
>Embedded HTTP Server</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>48. <A
HREF="net-httpd-chapter.html"
>Embedded HTTP Server</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="net-httpd-chapter.html#NET-HTTPD-INTRO"
>Intrduction</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-httpd-organization.html"
>Server Organization</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-httpd-configuration.html"
>Server Configuration</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-httpd-html.html"
>Support Functions and Macros</A
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="net-httpd-monitor.html"
>System Monitor</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XVII. <A
HREF="net-ftpclient.html"
>FTP Client for eCos TCP/IP Stack</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>49. <A
HREF="net-ftpclient-features.html"
>FTP Client Features</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="net-ftpclient-features.html#NET-FTPCLIENT-FEATURES-API"
>FTP Client API</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XVIII. <A
HREF="services-crc.html"
>CRC Algorithms</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>50. <A
HREF="crc-functions.html"
>CRC Functions</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="crc-functions.html#SERVICES-CRC-API"
>CRC API</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XIX. <A
HREF="services-cpuload.html"
>CPU load measurements</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>51. <A
HREF="cpuload-functions.html"
>CPU Load Measurements</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="cpuload-functions.html#SERVICES-CPULOAD-API"
>CPU Load API</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XX. <A
HREF="services-profile-gprof.html"
>Application profiling</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
>52. <A
HREF="profile-functions.html"
>Profiling functions</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="profile-functions.html#SERVICES-PROFILE-API"
>API</A
></DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXI. <A
HREF="services-power.html"
>eCos Power Management Support</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="power-intro.html"
>Introduction</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;eCos support for Power Management</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="power-info.html"
>Power Management Information</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;finding out about the various power controllers in the system</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="power-change.html"
>Changing Power Modes</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;reducing or increasing power consumption as needed</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="power-policy.html"
>Support for Policy Modules</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;closer integration with higher-level code</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="power-attached.html"
>Attached and Detached Controllers</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;control which power controllers are affected by global changes</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="power-controller.html"
>Implementing a Power Controller</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;adding power management support to device drivers and
other packages</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXII. <A
HREF="io-usb-slave.html"
>eCos USB Slave Support</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-intro.html"
>Introduction</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;eCos support for USB slave devices</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-enum.html"
>USB Enumeration Data</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;The USB enumeration data structures</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-start.html"
>Starting up a USB Device</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Starting up a USB Device</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-devtab.html"
>Devtab Entries</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Data endpoint data structure</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-start-rx.html"
>Receiving Data from the Host</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Receiving Data from the Host</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-start-tx.html"
>Sending Data to the Host</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Sending Data to the Host</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-halt.html"
>Halted Endpoints</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Support for Halting and Halted Endpoints</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-control.html"
>Control Endpoints</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Control endpoint data structure</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-data.html"
>Data Endpoints</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Data endpoint data structures</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-writing.html"
>Writing a USB Device Driver</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;USB Device Driver Porting Guide</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbs-testing.html"
>Testing</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Testing of USB Device Drivers</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXIII. <A
HREF="io-usb-slave-eth.html"
>eCos Support for Developing USB-ethernet Peripherals</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-intro.html"
>Introduction</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;eCos support for developing USB ethernet peripherals</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-init.html"
>Initializing the USB-ethernet Package</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Initializing the USB-ethernet Package</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-data.html"
>USB-ethernet Data Transfers</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Exchanging ethernet packets with the USB host</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-control.html"
>USB-ethernet State Handling</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Maintaining the USB-ethernet connection with the host</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-netdev.html"
>Network Device for the eCos TCP/IP Stack</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;USB-ethernet support for the eCos TCP/IP Stack</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-host.html"
>Example Host-side Device Driver</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Provide host-side support for the eCos USB-ethernet package</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="usbseth-protocol.html"
>Communication Protocol</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Protocol used between the host-side device driver and the eCos
USB-ethernet package </DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXIV. <A
HREF="hal-synth-arch.html"
>eCos Synthetic Target</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="synth.html"
>Overview</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Overview</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-install.html"
>Installation</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Preparing to use the synthetic target</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-running.html"
>Running a Synthetic Target Application</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Arguments and configuration files</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-gui.html"
>The I/O Auxiliary's User Interface</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Controlling the I/O Auxiliary</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-console.html"
>The Console Device</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Show output from the eCos application</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-syscalls.html"
>System Calls</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Access Linux system facilities</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-new-target.html"
>Writing New Devices - target</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;extending the synthetic target, target-side</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-new-host.html"
>Writing New Devices - host</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;extending the synthetic target, host-side</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="synth-porting.html"
>Porting</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Adding support for other hosts</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXV. <A
HREF="devs-usb-sa11x0-ref.html"
>SA11X0 USB Device Driver</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="devs-usb-sa11x0.html"
>SA11X0 USB Device Driver</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Device driver for the on-chip SA11X0 USB device</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXVI. <A
HREF="devs-usb-nec-upd985xx-ref.html"
>NEC uPD985xx USB Device Driver</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="devs-usb-nec-upd985xx.html"
>NEC uPD985xx USB Device Driver</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Device driver for the on-chip NEC uPD985xx USB device</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXVII. <A
HREF="devs-eth-synth-ecosynth-ref.html"
>Synthetic Target Ethernet Driver</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="devs-eth-synth-ecosynth.html"
>Synthetic Target Ethernet Driver</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Allow synthetic target applications to perform ethernet I/O</DT
></DL
></DD
><DT
>XXVIII. <A
HREF="devs-watchdog-synth-ref.html"
>Synthetic Target Watchdog Device</A
></DT
><DD
><DL
><DT
><A
HREF="devs-watchdog-synth.html"
>Synthetic Target Watchdog Device</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Emulate watchdog hardware in the synthetic target</DT
></DL
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="LOT"
><DL
CLASS="LOT"
><DT
><B
>List of Tables</B
></DT
><DT
>13-1. <A
HREF="math-library-compatibility-modes.html#AEN10199"
>Behavior of math exception handling</A
></DT
></DL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="LOT"
><DL
CLASS="LOT"
><DT
><B
>List of Examples</B
></DT
><DT
>1-1. <A
HREF="configuring-the-redboot-environment.html#AEN2797"
>Sample DHCP configuration file</A
></DT
><DT
>1-2. <A
HREF="configuring-the-redboot-environment.html#AEN2813"
>Sample <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/named.conf</TT
> for Red Hat Linux 7.x</A
></DT
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
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><HR
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1	28	unneback	`<!-- Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc. -->`
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12			`>eCos Reference Manual</TITLE`
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19			`TITLE="The eCos Kernel"`
20			`HREF="kernel.html"></HEAD`
21			`><BODY`
22			`CLASS="BOOK"`
23			`BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"`
24			`TEXT="#000000"`
25			`LINK="#0000FF"`
26			`VLINK="#840084"`
27			`ALINK="#0000FF"`
28			`><DIV`
29			`CLASS="BOOK"`
30			`><A`
31			`NAME="ECOS-REF"><DIV`
32			`CLASS="TITLEPAGE"`
33			`><H1`
34			`CLASS="TITLE"`
35			`><A`
36			`NAME="AEN2">eCos Reference Manual</H1`
37			`><P`
38			`CLASS="COPYRIGHT"`
39			`>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 by Red Hat, Inc., Nick Garnett (eCosCentric), Jonathan Larmour (eCosCentric), Andrew Lunn (Ascom), Gary Thomas (MLB Associates), Bart Veer (eCosCentric)</P`
40			`><DIV`
41			`CLASS="LEGALNOTICE"`
42			`><A`
43			`NAME="AEN17"><P`
44			`><B`
45			`>Documentation licensing terms</B`
46			`></P`
47			`><P`
48			`>This material may be distributed only subject to the terms`
49			`and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0`
50			`or later (the latest version is presently available at`
51			`<A`
52			`HREF="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/"`
53			`TARGET="_top"`
54			`>http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/</A`
55			`>).</P`
56			`><P`
57			`>Distribution of substantively modified versions of this`
58			`document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the`
59			`copyright holder.</P`
60			`><P`
61			`>Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any`
62			`standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior`
63			`permission is obtained from the copyright holder.</P`
64			`></DIV`
65			`><DIV`
66			`CLASS="LEGALNOTICE"`
67			`><A`
68			`NAME="AEN23"><P`
69			`><B`
70			`>Trademarks</B`
71			`></P`
72			`><P`
73			`>Red Hat, the Red Hat Shadow Man logo®, eCos™, RedBoot™,`
74			`GNUPro®, and Insight™ are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. </P`
75			`><P`
76			`>Sun Microsystems® and Solaris® are registered trademarks of`
77			`Sun Microsystems, Inc. </P`
78			`><P`
79			`>SPARC® is a registered trademark of SPARC International, Inc., and`
80			`is used under license by Sun Microsystems, Inc. </P`
81			`><P`
82			`>Intel® is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation.</P`
83			`><P`
84			`>Motorola™ is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.</P`
85			`><P`
86			`>ARM® is a registered trademark of Advanced RISC Machines, Ltd.</P`
87			`><P`
88			`>MIPS™ is a trademark of MIPS Technologies, Inc.</P`
89			`><P`
90			`>Toshiba® is a registered trademark of the Toshiba Corporation.</P`
91			`><P`
92			`>NEC® is a registered trademark if the NEC Corporation.</P`
93			`><P`
94			`>Cirrus Logic® is a registered trademark of Cirrus Logic, Inc.</P`
95			`><P`
96			`>Compaq® is a registered trademark of the Compaq Computer Corporation.</P`
97			`><P`
98			`>Matsushita™ is a trademark of the Matsushita Electric Corporation.</P`
99			`><P`
100			`>Samsung® and CalmRISC™ are trademarks or registered trademarks`
101			`of Samsung, Inc. </P`
102			`><P`
103			`>Linux® is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. </P`
104			`><P`
105			`>UNIX® is a registered trademark of The Open Group. </P`
106			`><P`
107			`>Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks`
108			`of Microsoft Corporation, Inc. </P`
109			`><P`
110			`>All other brand and product names, trademarks, and copyrights are the`
111			`property of their respective owners. </P`
112			`></DIV`
113			`><DIV`
114			`CLASS="LEGALNOTICE"`
115			`><A`
116			`NAME="AEN42"><P`
117			`><B`
118			`>Warranty</B`
119			`></P`
120			`><P`
121			`>eCos and RedBoot are open source software, covered by a`
122			`modified version of the <A`
123			`HREF="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"`
124			`TARGET="_top"`
125			`>GNU`
126			`General Public Licence</A`
127			`>,`
128			`and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain`
129			`conditions. See <A`
130			`HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/license-overview.html"`
131			`TARGET="_top"`
132			`>http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/license-overview.html</A`
133			`> for more information about the license.</P`
134			`><P`
135			`>eCos and RedBoot software have NO WARRANTY. </P`
136			`><P`
137			`>Because this software is licensed free of charge, there are no warranties`
138			`for it, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Except when otherwise stated`
139			`in writing, the copyright holders and/or other parties provide the software`
140			`“as is” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied,`
141			`including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and`
142			`fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance`
143			`of the software is with you. Should the software prove defective, you assume`
144			`the cost of all necessary servicing, repair or correction.</P`
145			`><P`
146			`> In no event, unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,`
147			`will any copyright holder, or any other party who may modify and/or redistribute`
148			`the program as permitted above, be liable to you for damages, including any`
149			`general, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use`
150			`or inability to use the program (including but not limited to loss of data`
151			`or data being rendered inaccurate or losses sustained by you or third parties`
152			`or a failure of the program to operate with any other programs), even if such`
153			`holder or other party has been advised of the possibility of such damages.</P`
154			`></DIV`
155			`><HR></DIV`
156			`><DIV`
157			`CLASS="TOC"`
158			`><DL`
159			`><DT`
160			`><B`
161			`>Table of Contents</B`
162			`></DT`
163			`><DT`
164			`>I. <A`
165			`HREF="kernel.html"`
166			`>The eCos Kernel</A`
167			`></DT`
168			`><DD`
169			`><DL`
170			`><DT`
171			`><A`
172			`HREF="kernel-overview.html"`
173			`>Kernel Overview</A`
174			`> -- Overview of the eCos Kernel</DT`
175			`><DT`
176			`><A`
177			`HREF="kernel-smp.html"`
178			`>SMP Support</A`
179			`> -- Support Symmetric Multiprocessing Systems</DT`
180			`><DT`
181			`><A`
182			`HREF="kernel-thread-create.html"`
183			`>Thread creation</A`
184			`> -- Create a new thread</DT`
185			`><DT`
186			`><A`
187			`HREF="kernel-thread-info.html"`
188			`>Thread information</A`
189			`> -- Get basic thread information</DT`
190			`><DT`
191			`><A`
192			`HREF="kernel-thread-control.html"`
193			`>Thread control</A`
194			`> -- Control whether or not a thread is running</DT`
195			`><DT`
196			`><A`
197			`HREF="kernel-thread-termination.html"`
198			`>Thread termination</A`
199			`> -- Allow threads to terminate</DT`
200			`><DT`
201			`><A`
202			`HREF="kernel-thread-priorities.html"`
203			`>Thread priorities</A`
204			`> -- Examine and manipulate thread priorities</DT`
205			`><DT`
206			`><A`
207			`HREF="kernel-thread-data.html"`
208			`>Per-thread data</A`
209			`> -- Manipulate per-thread data</DT`
210			`><DT`
211			`><A`
212			`HREF="kernel-thread-destructors.html"`
213			`>Thread destructors</A`
214			`> -- Call functions on thread termination</DT`
215			`><DT`
216			`><A`
217			`HREF="kernel-exceptions.html"`
218			`>Exception handling</A`
219			`> -- Handle processor exceptions</DT`
220			`><DT`
221			`><A`
222			`HREF="kernel-counters.html"`
223			`>Counters</A`
224			`> -- Count event occurrences</DT`
225			`><DT`
226			`><A`
227			`HREF="kernel-clocks.html"`
228			`>Clocks</A`
229			`> -- Provide system clocks</DT`
230			`><DT`
231			`><A`
232			`HREF="kernel-alarms.html"`
233			`>Alarms</A`
234			`> -- Run an alarm function when a number of events have occurred</DT`
235			`><DT`
236			`><A`
237			`HREF="kernel-mutexes.html"`
238			`>Mutexes</A`
239			`> -- Synchronization primitive</DT`
240			`><DT`
241			`><A`
242			`HREF="kernel-condition-variables.html"`
243			`>Condition Variables</A`
244			`> -- Synchronization primitive</DT`
245			`><DT`
246			`><A`
247			`HREF="kernel-semaphores.html"`
248			`>Semaphores</A`
249			`> -- Synchronization primitive</DT`
250			`><DT`
251			`><A`
252			`HREF="kernel-mail-boxes.html"`
253			`>Mail boxes</A`
254			`> -- Synchronization primitive</DT`
255			`><DT`
256			`><A`
257			`HREF="kernel-flags.html"`
258			`>Event Flags</A`
259			`> -- Synchronization primitive</DT`
260			`><DT`
261			`><A`
262			`HREF="kernel-spinlocks.html"`
263			`>Spinlocks</A`
264			`> -- Low-level Synchronization Primitive</DT`
265			`><DT`
266			`><A`
267			`HREF="kernel-schedcontrol.html"`
268			`>Scheduler Control</A`
269			`> -- Control the state of the scheduler</DT`
270			`><DT`
271			`><A`
272			`HREF="kernel-interrupts.html"`
273			`>Interrupt Handling</A`
274			`> -- Manage interrupt handlers</DT`
275			`><DT`
276			`><A`
277			`HREF="kernel-characterization.html"`
278			`>Kernel Real-time Characterization</A`
279			`> -- Measure the performance of the eCos kernel</DT`
280			`></DL`
281			`></DD`
282			`><DT`
283			`>II. <A`
284			`HREF="redboot.html"`
285			`>RedBoot™ User's Guide</A`
286			`></DT`
287			`><DD`
288			`><DL`
289			`><DT`
290			`>1. <A`
291			`HREF="getting-started-with-redboot.html"`
292			`>Getting Started with RedBoot</A`
293			`></DT`
294			`><DD`
295			`><DL`
296			`><DT`
297			`><A`
298			`HREF="getting-started-with-redboot.html#REDBOOT-ON-THE-WEB"`
299			`>More information about RedBoot on the web</A`
300			`></DT`
301			`><DT`
302			`><A`
303			`HREF="installing-redboot.html"`
304			`>Installing RedBoot</A`
305			`></DT`
306			`><DT`
307			`><A`
308			`HREF="user-interface.html"`
309			`>User Interface</A`
310			`></DT`
311			`><DT`
312			`><A`
313			`HREF="redboot-editing-commands.html"`
314			`>RedBoot Editing Commands</A`
315			`></DT`
316			`><DT`
317			`><A`
318			`HREF="startup-mode.html"`
319			`>RedBoot Startup Mode</A`
320			`></DT`
321			`><DT`
322			`><A`
323			`HREF="resource-usage.html"`
324			`>RedBoot Resource Usage</A`
325			`></DT`
326			`><DT`
327			`><A`
328			`HREF="configuring-the-redboot-environment.html"`
329			`>Configuring the RedBoot Environment</A`
330			`></DT`
331			`></DL`
332			`></DD`
333			`><DT`
334			`>2. <A`
335			`HREF="redboot-commands-and-examples.html"`
336			`>RedBoot Commands and Examples</A`
337			`></DT`
338			`><DD`
339			`><DL`
340			`><DT`
341			`><A`
342			`HREF="redboot-commands-and-examples.html#AEN2850"`
343			`>Introduction</A`
344			`></DT`
345			`><DT`
346			`><A`
347			`HREF="common-commands.html"`
348			`>Common Commands</A`
349			`></DT`
350			`><DT`
351			`><A`
352			`HREF="flash-image-system.html"`
353			`>Flash Image System (FIS)</A`
354			`></DT`
355			`><DT`
356			`><A`
357			`HREF="persistent-state-flash.html"`
358			`>Persistent State Flash-based Configuration and Control</A`
359			`></DT`
360			`><DT`
361			`><A`
362			`HREF="executing-programs.html"`
363			`>Executing Programs from RedBoot</A`
364			`></DT`
365			`></DL`
366			`></DD`
367			`><DT`
368			`>3. <A`
369			`HREF="rebuilding-redboot.html"`
370			`>Rebuilding RedBoot</A`
371			`></DT`
372			`><DD`
373			`><DL`
374			`><DT`
375			`><A`
376			`HREF="rebuilding-redboot.html#AEN4673"`
377			`>Introduction</A`
378			`></DT`
379			`></DL`
380			`></DD`
381			`><DT`
382			`>4. <A`
383			`HREF="updating-redboot.html"`
384			`>Updating RedBoot</A`
385			`></DT`
386			`><DD`
387			`><DL`
388			`><DT`
389			`><A`
390			`HREF="updating-redboot.html#AEN4752"`
391			`>Introduction</A`
392			`></DT`
393			`></DL`
394			`></DD`
395			`><DT`
396			`>5. <A`
397			`HREF="installation-and-testing.html"`
398			`>Installation and Testing</A`
399			`></DT`
400			`><DD`
401			`><DL`
402			`><DT`
403			`><A`
404			`HREF="installation-and-testing.html#ASB2305"`
405			`>AM3x/MN103E010 Matsushita MN103E010 (AM33/2.0) ASB2305 Board</A`
406			`></DT`
407			`><DT`
408			`><A`
409			`HREF="e7t.html"`
410			`>ARM/ARM7 ARM Evaluator7T</A`
411			`></DT`
412			`><DT`
413			`><A`
414			`HREF="integrator.html"`
415			`>ARM/ARM7+ARM9 ARM Integrator</A`
416			`></DT`
417			`><DT`
418			`><A`
419			`HREF="pid.html"`
420			`>ARM/ARM7+ARM9 ARM PID Board and EPI Dev7+Dev9</A`
421			`></DT`
422			`><DT`
423			`><A`
424			`HREF="at91.html"`
425			`>ARM/ARM7 Atmel AT91 Evaluation Board (EB40)</A`
426			`></DT`
427			`><DT`
428			`><A`
429			`HREF="edb7xxx.html"`
430			`>ARM/ARM7 Cirrus Logic EP7xxx (EDB7211, EDB7212, EDB7312)</A`
431			`></DT`
432			`><DT`
433			`><A`
434			`HREF="aaed2000.html"`
435			`>ARM/ARM9 Agilent AAED2000</A`
436			`></DT`
437			`><DT`
438			`><A`
439			`HREF="excaliburarm9.html"`
440			`>ARM/ARM9 Altera Excalibur</A`
441			`></DT`
442			`><DT`
443			`><A`
444			`HREF="ebsa285.html"`
445			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA110) Intel EBSA 285</A`
446			`></DT`
447			`><DT`
448			`><A`
449			`HREF="brutus.html"`
450			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA1100) Intel Brutus</A`
451			`></DT`
452			`><DT`
453			`><A`
454			`HREF="sa1100mm.html"`
455			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA1100) Intel SA1100 Multimedia Board</A`
456			`></DT`
457			`><DT`
458			`><A`
459			`HREF="assabet.html"`
460			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA1110) Intel SA1110 (Assabet)</A`
461			`></DT`
462			`><DT`
463			`><A`
464			`HREF="nano.html"`
465			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA11X0) Bright Star Engineering commEngine and nanoEngine</A`
466			`></DT`
467			`><DT`
468			`><A`
469			`HREF="ipaq.html"`
470			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA11X0) Compaq iPAQ PocketPC</A`
471			`></DT`
472			`><DT`
473			`><A`
474			`HREF="cerfcube.html"`
475			`>ARM/StrongARM(SA11X0) Intrinsyc CerfCube</A`
476			`></DT`
477			`><DT`
478			`><A`
479			`HREF="iq80310.html"`
480			`>ARM/Xscale Cyclone IQ80310</A`
481			`></DT`
482			`><DT`
483			`><A`
484			`HREF="iq80321.html"`
485			`>ARM/Xscale Intel IQ80321</A`
486			`></DT`
487			`><DT`
488			`><A`
489			`HREF="calmrisc16.html"`
490			`>CalmRISC/CalmRISC16 Samsung CalmRISC16 Core Evaluation Board</A`
491			`></DT`
492			`><DT`
493			`><A`
494			`HREF="calmrisc32.html"`
495			`>CalmRISC/CalmRISC32 Samsung CalmRISC32 Core Evaluation Board</A`
496			`></DT`
497			`><DT`
498			`><A`
499			`HREF="frv400.html"`
500			`>FRV/FRV400 Fujitsu FR-V 400 (MB-93091)</A`

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