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>eCos Reference Manual</TH
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><H1
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><A
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NAME="EXEC-COMMAND">exec</H1
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
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><A
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NAME="AEN4570"
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></A
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><H2
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>Name</H2
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>exec&nbsp;--&nbsp;Execute a Linux kernel</DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
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><A
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NAME="AEN4573"><H2
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>Synopsis</H2
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><P
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><B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>exec</B
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>  [-w <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> timeout</I
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></TT
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>] [-r <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> ramdisk_address</I
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></TT
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>] [-s <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> ramdisk_length</I
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></TT
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>] [-b <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> load_address</I
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></TT
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>
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            {-l <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> load_length</I
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></TT
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>}
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        ] [-c <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> kernel_command_line</I
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></TT
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>] [<TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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> entry_point</I
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></TT
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>]</P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN4590"
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></A
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><H2
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>Arguments</H2
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><DIV
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CLASS="INFORMALTABLE"
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><A
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NAME="AEN4592"><P
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></P
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><TABLE
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BORDER="1"
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CLASS="CALSTABLE"
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><THEAD
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><TR
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><TH
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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>Name</TH
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><TH
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Type</TH
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><TH
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>Description</TH
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><TH
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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>Default</TH
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></TR
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></THEAD
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><TBODY
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>-w <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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>timeout</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Number</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Time to wait before starting execution.</TD
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><TD
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>0</TD
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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>-r <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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>ramdisk_address</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Number</TD
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><TD
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Address in memory of "initrd"-style ramdisk - passed to Linux kernel.</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>None</I
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></SPAN
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>-s <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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>ramdisk_length</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Number</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Length of ramdisk image - passed to Linux kernel.</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>None</I
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></SPAN
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>-b <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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>load_address</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Number</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Address in memory of the Linux kernel image.</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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>Value set by <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>load</B
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> or <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>fis load</B
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>-l <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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>load_length</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Number</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Length of Linux kernel image.</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>none</I
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></SPAN
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>-c <TT
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CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
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><I
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>kernel_command_line</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>String</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Command line to pass to the Linux kernel.</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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><SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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>None</I
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></SPAN
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></TD
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></TR
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><TR
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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><TT
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><I
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>entry_address</I
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></TT
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></TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Number</TD
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><TD
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WIDTH="25%"
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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VALIGN="TOP"
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>Starting address for Linux kernel execution</TD
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><TD
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>Implied by architecture</TD
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><P
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></P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN4653"
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></A
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><H2
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>Description</H2
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><P
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>The <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>exec</B
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> command is used to execute a non-eCos application, typically a
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Linux kernel. Additional information may be passed to the kernel at startup
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time. This command is quite special (and unique from the <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>go</B
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> command) in
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that the program being executed may expect certain environmental setups, for
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example that the MMU is turned off, etc. </P
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><P
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>The Linux kernel expects to have been loaded to a particular memory
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location which is architecture dependent(0xC0008000 in the case of the SA1110).
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Since this memory is  used
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by RedBoot internally, it is not possible to load the kernel to that location
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directly. Thus the requirement for the "-b" option which tells the command
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where the kernel has been loaded. When the <B
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CLASS="COMMAND"
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>exec</B
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> command runs, the image will
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be relocated to the appropriate location before being started. The "-r" and
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"-s" options are used to pass information to the kernel about where a statically
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loaded ramdisk (initrd) is located.</P
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><P
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>The "-c" option can be used to pass textual "command line" information
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to the kernel.  If the command line data contains any punctuation (spaces,
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etc), then it must be quoted using the double-quote character '"'. If the
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quote character is required, it should be written as '\"'.
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      </P
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></DIV
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><DIV
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CLASS="REFSECT1"
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><A
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NAME="AEN4661"
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></A
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><H2
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>Examples</H2
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><P
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>Execute a Linux kernel, passing a command line, which needs relocation.
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The result from RedBoot is normally quiet, with the target platform being
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passed over to Linux immediately.
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<TABLE
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><TR
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><TD
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><PRE
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CLASS="SCREEN"
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>RedBoot&#62; <TT
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CLASS="USERINPUT"
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><B
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>exec -b 0x100000 -l 0x80000 -c "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 console=ttySA0"</B
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></TT
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></PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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></TABLE
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>
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      </P
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><P
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>Execute a Linux kernel, default entry address and no relocation required, with a timeout.
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The <SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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> emphasized lines</I
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></SPAN
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> are output from the loaded kernel.
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<TABLE
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><TD
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><PRE
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>
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RedBoot&#62; exec <TT
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><B
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>-c "console=ttyS0,38400 ip=dhcp nfsroot=/export/elfs-sh" -w 5</B
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></TT
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>
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Now booting linux kernel:
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Base address 0x8c001000 Entry 0x8c210000
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Cmdline : console=ttyS0,38400 ip=dhcp nfsroot=/export/elfs-sh
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About to start execution at 0x8x210000 - abort with ^C within 5 seconds
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<SPAN
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CLASS="emphasis"
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><I
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CLASS="EMPHASIS"
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>Linux version 2.4.10-pre6 (...) (gcc version 3.1-stdsh-010931) #3 Thu Sep 27 11:04:23 BST 2001</I
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></SPAN
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></PRE
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></TD
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></TR
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>
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      </P
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>go</TD
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