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<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Math library compatibility modes</TITLE
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><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="MATH-LIBRARY-COMPATIBILITY-MODES">Math library compatibility modes</H1
><P
>This math library is capable of being operated in several
different compatibility modes. These options deal solely with how
errors are handled. </P
><P
>There are 4 compatibility modes: ANSI/POSIX 1003.1;
IEEE-754; X/Open Portability Guide issue 3 (XPG3); and
System V Interface Definition Edition 3. </P
><P
>In IEEE mode, the <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
> function
(see below) is never called, no warning messages are printed on
the stderr output stream, and errno is never set. </P
><P
>In ANSI/POSIX mode, errno is set correctly,
but <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
> is never called and no warning messages
are printed on the stderr output stream. </P
><P
>In X/Open mode, errno is set correctly,
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
> is called, but no warning messages are printed
on the stderr output stream. </P
><P
>In SVID mode, functions which overflow return
a value HUGE (defined in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>math.h</TT
>), which is the maximum
single precision floating point value (as opposed to
HUGE_VAL which is meant to stand for infinity). errno is
set correctly and <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
> is called. If
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
> returns 0, warning messages are printed on
the stderr output stream for some errors. </P
><P
>The mode can be compiled-in as IEEE-only, or any one of the
above methods settable at run-time. </P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>This math library assumes that the hardware (or software floating
point emulation) supports IEEE-754 style arithmetic, 32-bit 2's
complement integer arithmetic, doubles are in 64-bit IEEE-754 format.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN10153">matherr()</H2
><P
>As mentioned above, in X/Open or SVID modes, the user
            can supply a function <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
> of
            the form:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="5"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
WIDTH="70%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>int <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr</TT
>( struct exception *e )</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>where struct exception is defined as:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="5"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
WIDTH="70%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>struct exception {
 int type;
 char *name;
 double arg1, arg2, retval;
}; </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>type is the exception type and is one of:</P
><P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
>DOMAIN</DT
><DD
><P
>argument domain exception</P
></DD
><DT
>SING</DT
><DD
><P
>argument singularity</P
></DD
><DT
>OVERFLOW</DT
><DD
><P
>overflow range exception</P
></DD
><DT
>UNDERFLOW</DT
><DD
><P
>underflow range exception</P
></DD
><DT
>TLOSS</DT
><DD
><P
>total loss of significance</P
></DD
><DT
>PLOSS</DT
><DD
><P
>partial loss of significance</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><P
><TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> is a string containing the name of the
function</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>arg1</I
></TT
> and <TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>arg2</I
></TT
> are the
arguments passed to the function</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="PARAMETER"
><I
>retval</I
></TT
> is the default value that will be returned
by the function, and can be changed by <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
></P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>matherr must have &#8220;C&#8221; linkage, not &#8220;C&#0043;&#0043;&#8221; linkage.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
>If matherr returns zero, or the user doesn't supply
their own matherr, then the following <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>usually</I
></SPAN
> happens
in SVID mode:</P
><DIV
CLASS="TABLE"
><A
NAME="AEN10199"><P
><B
>Table 13-1. Behavior of math exception handling</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><THEAD
><TR
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Type</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Behavior</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>DOMAIN</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>0.0 returned,
errno=EDOM, and a message printed on stderr</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>SING</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>HUGE of appropriate
sign is returned, errno=EDOM, and a message is printed
on stderr</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>OVERFLOW</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>HUGE of
appropriate sign is returned, and errno=ERANGE</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>UNDERFLOW</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>0.0 is
returned and errno=ERANGE</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>TLOSS</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>0.0 is returned,
errno=ERANGE, and a message is printed on stderr</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>PLOSS</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>The current
implementation doesn't return this type</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>X/Open mode is similar except that the message is
not printed on stderr and HUGE_VAL is used in place of
HUGE</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN10226">Thread-safety and re-entrancy</H2
><P
>With the appropriate configuration options set below, the
math library is fully thread-safe if:</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
>Depending on the compatibility mode, the
                setting of the errno variable from the C library is
                thread-safe</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Depending on the compatibility mode, sending error messages
to the stderr output stream using the C library
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>fputs()</TT
>
 function is thread-safe </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Depending on the compatibility mode, the user-supplied
<TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>matherr()</TT
>
 function and anything it depends on are thread-safe </P
></LI
></UL
><P
>In addition, with the exception of the <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>gamma*()</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="FUNCTION"
>lgamma*()</TT
> functions,
the math library is reentrant (and thus safe to use from interrupt handlers)
if the Math library is always in IEEE mode.</P
></DIV
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1	28	unneback	`<!-- Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc. -->`
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11			`><TITLE`
12			`>Math library compatibility modes</TITLE`
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49			`>eCos Reference Manual</TH`
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53			`WIDTH="10%"`
54			`ALIGN="left"`
55			`VALIGN="bottom"`
56			`><A`
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63			`ALIGN="center"`
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65			`>Chapter 13. C and math library overview</TD`
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68			`ALIGN="right"`
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80			`><DIV`
81			`CLASS="SECT1"`
82			`><H1`
83			`CLASS="SECT1"`
84			`><A`
85			`NAME="MATH-LIBRARY-COMPATIBILITY-MODES">Math library compatibility modes</H1`
86			`><P`
87			`>This math library is capable of being operated in several`
88			`different compatibility modes. These options deal solely with how`
89			`errors are handled. </P`
90			`><P`
91			`>There are 4 compatibility modes: ANSI/POSIX 1003.1;`
92			`IEEE-754; X/Open Portability Guide issue 3 (XPG3); and`
93			`System V Interface Definition Edition 3. </P`
94			`><P`
95			`>In IEEE mode, the <TT`
96			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
97			`>matherr()</TT`
98			`> function`
99			`(see below) is never called, no warning messages are printed on`
100			`the stderr output stream, and errno is never set. </P`
101			`><P`
102			`>In ANSI/POSIX mode, errno is set correctly,`
103			`but <TT`
104			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
105			`>matherr()</TT`
106			`> is never called and no warning messages`
107			`are printed on the stderr output stream. </P`
108			`><P`
109			`>In X/Open mode, errno is set correctly,`
110			`<TT`
111			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
112			`>matherr()</TT`
113			`> is called, but no warning messages are printed`
114			`on the stderr output stream. </P`
115			`><P`
116			`>In SVID mode, functions which overflow return`
117			`a value HUGE (defined in <TT`
118			`CLASS="FILENAME"`
119			`>math.h</TT`
120			`>), which is the maximum`
121			`single precision floating point value (as opposed to`
122			`HUGE_VAL which is meant to stand for infinity). errno is`
123			`set correctly and <TT`
124			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
125			`>matherr()</TT`
126			`> is called. If`
127			`<TT`
128			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
129			`>matherr()</TT`
130			`> returns 0, warning messages are printed on`
131			`the stderr output stream for some errors. </P`
132			`><P`
133			`>The mode can be compiled-in as IEEE-only, or any one of the`
134			`above methods settable at run-time. </P`
135			`><DIV`
136			`CLASS="NOTE"`
137			`><BLOCKQUOTE`
138			`CLASS="NOTE"`
139			`><P`
140			`><B`
141			`>Note: </B`
142			`>This math library assumes that the hardware (or software floating`
143			`point emulation) supports IEEE-754 style arithmetic, 32-bit 2's`
144			`complement integer arithmetic, doubles are in 64-bit IEEE-754 format.</P`
145			`></BLOCKQUOTE`
146			`></DIV`
147			`><DIV`
148			`CLASS="SECT2"`
149			`><H2`
150			`CLASS="SECT2"`
151			`><A`
152			`NAME="AEN10153">matherr()</H2`
153			`><P`
154			`>As mentioned above, in X/Open or SVID modes, the user`
155			`can supply a function <TT`
156			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
157			`>matherr()</TT`
158			`> of`
159			`the form:</P`
160			`><TABLE`
161			`BORDER="5"`
162			`BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"`
163			`WIDTH="70%"`
164			`><TR`
165			`><TD`
166			`><PRE`
167			`CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"`
168			`>int <TT`
169			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
170			`>matherr</TT`
171			`>( struct exception *e )</PRE`
172			`></TD`
173			`></TR`
174			`></TABLE`
175			`><P`
176			`>where struct exception is defined as:</P`
177			`><TABLE`
178			`BORDER="5"`
179			`BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"`
180			`WIDTH="70%"`
181			`><TR`
182			`><TD`
183			`><PRE`
184			`CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"`
185			`>struct exception {`
186			`int type;`
187			`char *name;`
188			`double arg1, arg2, retval;`
189			`}; </PRE`
190			`></TD`
191			`></TR`
192			`></TABLE`
193			`><P`
194			`>type is the exception type and is one of:</P`
195			`><P`
196			`></P`
197			`><DIV`
198			`CLASS="VARIABLELIST"`
199			`><DL`
200			`><DT`
201			`>DOMAIN</DT`
202			`><DD`
203			`><P`
204			`>argument domain exception</P`
205			`></DD`
206			`><DT`
207			`>SING</DT`
208			`><DD`
209			`><P`
210			`>argument singularity</P`
211			`></DD`
212			`><DT`
213			`>OVERFLOW</DT`
214			`><DD`
215			`><P`
216			`>overflow range exception</P`
217			`></DD`
218			`><DT`
219			`>UNDERFLOW</DT`
220			`><DD`
221			`><P`
222			`>underflow range exception</P`
223			`></DD`
224			`><DT`
225			`>TLOSS</DT`
226			`><DD`
227			`><P`
228			`>total loss of significance</P`
229			`></DD`
230			`><DT`
231			`>PLOSS</DT`
232			`><DD`
233			`><P`
234			`>partial loss of significance</P`
235			`></DD`
236			`></DL`
237			`></DIV`
238			`><P`
239			`><TT`
240			`CLASS="PARAMETER"`
241			`><I`
242			`>name</I`
243			`></TT`
244			`> is a string containing the name of the`
245			`function</P`
246			`><P`
247			`><TT`
248			`CLASS="PARAMETER"`
249			`><I`
250			`>arg1</I`
251			`></TT`
252			`> and <TT`
253			`CLASS="PARAMETER"`
254			`><I`
255			`>arg2</I`
256			`></TT`
257			`> are the`
258			`arguments passed to the function</P`
259			`><P`
260			`><TT`
261			`CLASS="PARAMETER"`
262			`><I`
263			`>retval</I`
264			`></TT`
265			`> is the default value that will be returned`
266			`by the function, and can be changed by <TT`
267			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
268			`>matherr()</TT`
269			`></P`
270			`><DIV`
271			`CLASS="NOTE"`
272			`><BLOCKQUOTE`
273			`CLASS="NOTE"`
274			`><P`
275			`><B`
276			`>Note: </B`
277			`>matherr must have “C” linkage, not “C++” linkage.</P`
278			`></BLOCKQUOTE`
279			`></DIV`
280			`><P`
281			`>If matherr returns zero, or the user doesn't supply`
282			`their own matherr, then the following <SPAN`
283			`CLASS="emphasis"`
284			`><I`
285			`CLASS="EMPHASIS"`
286			`>usually</I`
287			`></SPAN`
288			`> happens`
289			`in SVID mode:</P`
290			`><DIV`
291			`CLASS="TABLE"`
292			`><A`
293			`NAME="AEN10199"><P`
294			`><B`
295			`>Table 13-1. Behavior of math exception handling</B`
296			`></P`
297			`><TABLE`
298			`BORDER="1"`
299			`CLASS="CALSTABLE"`
300			`><THEAD`
301			`><TR`
302			`><TH`
303			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
304			`VALIGN="TOP"`
305			`>Type</TH`
306			`><TH`
307			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
308			`VALIGN="TOP"`
309			`>Behavior</TH`
310			`></TR`
311			`></THEAD`
312			`><TBODY`
313			`><TR`
314			`><TD`
315			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
316			`VALIGN="TOP"`
317			`>DOMAIN</TD`
318			`><TD`
319			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
320			`VALIGN="TOP"`
321			`>0.0 returned,`
322			`errno=EDOM, and a message printed on stderr</TD`
323			`></TR`
324			`><TR`
325			`><TD`
326			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
327			`VALIGN="TOP"`
328			`>SING</TD`
329			`><TD`
330			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
331			`VALIGN="TOP"`
332			`>HUGE of appropriate`
333			`sign is returned, errno=EDOM, and a message is printed`
334			`on stderr</TD`
335			`></TR`
336			`><TR`
337			`><TD`
338			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
339			`VALIGN="TOP"`
340			`>OVERFLOW</TD`
341			`><TD`
342			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
343			`VALIGN="TOP"`
344			`>HUGE of`
345			`appropriate sign is returned, and errno=ERANGE</TD`
346			`></TR`
347			`><TR`
348			`><TD`
349			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
350			`VALIGN="TOP"`
351			`>UNDERFLOW</TD`
352			`><TD`
353			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
354			`VALIGN="TOP"`
355			`>0.0 is`
356			`returned and errno=ERANGE</TD`
357			`></TR`
358			`><TR`
359			`><TD`
360			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
361			`VALIGN="TOP"`
362			`>TLOSS</TD`
363			`><TD`
364			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
365			`VALIGN="TOP"`
366			`>0.0 is returned,`
367			`errno=ERANGE, and a message is printed on stderr</TD`
368			`></TR`
369			`><TR`
370			`><TD`
371			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
372			`VALIGN="TOP"`
373			`>PLOSS</TD`
374			`><TD`
375			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
376			`VALIGN="TOP"`
377			`>The current`
378			`implementation doesn't return this type</TD`
379			`></TR`
380			`></TBODY`
381			`></TABLE`
382			`></DIV`
383			`><P`
384			`>X/Open mode is similar except that the message is`
385			`not printed on stderr and HUGE_VAL is used in place of`
386			`HUGE</P`
387			`></DIV`
388			`><DIV`
389			`CLASS="SECT2"`
390			`><H2`
391			`CLASS="SECT2"`
392			`><A`
393			`NAME="AEN10226">Thread-safety and re-entrancy</H2`
394			`><P`
395			`>With the appropriate configuration options set below, the`
396			`math library is fully thread-safe if:</P`
397			`><P`
398			`></P`
399			`><UL`
400			`><LI`
401			`><P`
402			`>Depending on the compatibility mode, the`
403			`setting of the errno variable from the C library is`
404			`thread-safe</P`
405			`></LI`
406			`><LI`
407			`><P`
408			`>Depending on the compatibility mode, sending error messages`
409			`to the stderr output stream using the C library`
410			`<TT`
411			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
412			`>fputs()</TT`
413			`>`
414			`function is thread-safe </P`
415			`></LI`
416			`><LI`
417			`><P`
418			`>Depending on the compatibility mode, the user-supplied`
419			`<TT`
420			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
421			`>matherr()</TT`
422			`>`
423			`function and anything it depends on are thread-safe </P`
424			`></LI`
425			`></UL`
426			`><P`
427			`>In addition, with the exception of the <TT`
428			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
429			`>gamma*()</TT`
430			`> and <TT`
431			`CLASS="FUNCTION"`
432			`>lgamma*()</TT`
433			`> functions,`
434			`the math library is reentrant (and thus safe to use from interrupt handlers)`
435			`if the Math library is always in IEEE mode.</P`
436			`></DIV`
437			`></DIV`
438			`><DIV`
439			`CLASS="NAVFOOTER"`
440			`><HR`
441			`ALIGN="LEFT"`
442			`WIDTH="100%"><TABLE`
443			`SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"`
444			`WIDTH="100%"`
445			`BORDER="0"`
446			`CELLPADDING="0"`
447			`CELLSPACING="0"`
448			`><TR`
449			`><TD`
450			`WIDTH="33%"`
451			`ALIGN="left"`
452			`VALIGN="top"`
453			`><A`
454			`HREF="c-and-math-library-overview.html"`
455			`ACCESSKEY="P"`
456			`>Prev</A`
457			`></TD`
458			`><TD`
459			`WIDTH="34%"`
460			`ALIGN="center"`
461			`VALIGN="top"`
462			`><A`
463			`HREF="ecos-ref.html"`
464			`ACCESSKEY="H"`
465			`>Home</A`
466			`></TD`
467			`><TD`
468			`WIDTH="33%"`
469			`ALIGN="right"`
470			`VALIGN="top"`
471			`><A`
472			`HREF="libc-implementation-details.html"`
473			`ACCESSKEY="N"`
474			`>Next</A`
475			`></TD`
476			`></TR`
477			`><TR`
478			`><TD`
479			`WIDTH="33%"`
480			`ALIGN="left"`
481			`VALIGN="top"`
482			`>C and math library overview</TD`
483			`><TD`
484			`WIDTH="34%"`
485			`ALIGN="center"`
486			`VALIGN="top"`
487			`><A`
488			`HREF="c-and-math-library-overview.html"`
489			`ACCESSKEY="U"`
490			`>Up</A`
491			`></TD`
492			`><TD`
493			`WIDTH="33%"`
494			`ALIGN="right"`
495			`VALIGN="top"`
496			`>Some implementation details</TD`
497			`></TR`
498			`></TABLE`
499			`></DIV`
500			`></BODY`

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