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>SNMPD.CONF(5) SNMPD.CONF(5)
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NAME
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share/snmp/snmpd.conf - configuration file for the ucd-
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snmp SNMP agent.
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DESCRIPTION
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snmpd.conf is the configuration file which defines how the
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ucd-smnp SNMP agent operates. These files may contain any
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of the directives found in the DIRECTIVES section below.
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This file is not required for the agent to operate and
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report mib entries.
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PLEASE READ FIRST
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First, make sure you have read the snmp_config(5) manual
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page that describes how the ucd-snmp configuration files
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operate, where they are located and how they all work
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together.
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EXTENSIBLE-MIB
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The ucd-snmp SNMP agent reports much of its information
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through queries to the 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021 section of the mib
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tree. Every mib in this section has the following table
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entries in it.
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.1 -- index
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This is the table's index numbers for each of the
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DIRECTIVES listed below.
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.2 -- name
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The name of the given table entry. This should be
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unique, but is not required to be.
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.100 -- errorFlag
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This is a flag returning either the integer value 1
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or 0 if an error is detected for this table entry.
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.101 -- errorMsg
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This is a DISPLAY-STRING describing any error trig-
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gering the errorFlag above.
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.102 -- errorFix
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If this entry is SNMPset to the integer value of 1
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AND the errorFlag defined above is indeed a 1, a
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program or script will get executed with the table
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entry name from above as the argument. The program
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to be executed is configured in the config.h file
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at compile time.
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Directives
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proc NAME
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proc NAME MAX
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proc NAME MAX MIN
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Checks to see if the NAME'd processes are running
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on the agent's machine. An error flag (1) and a
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description message are then passed to the
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1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2.100 and 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2.101
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mib tables (respectively) if the NAME'd program is
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not found in the process table as reported by
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"/bin/ps -e".
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If MAX and MIN are not specified, MAX is assumed to
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be infinity and MIN is assumed to be 1.
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If MAX is specified but MIN is not specified, MIN
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is assumed to be 0.
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procfix NAME PROG ARGS
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This registers a command that knows how to fix
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errors with the given process NAME. When
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1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.2.102 for a given NAMEd program is
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set to the integer value of 1, this command will be
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called. It defaults to a compiled value set using
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the PROCFIXCMD definition in the config.h file.
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exec NAME PROG ARGS
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exec MIBNUM NAME PROG ARGS
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If MIBNUM is not specified, the agent executes the
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named PROG with arguments of ARGS and returns the
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exit status and the first line of the STDOUT output
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of the PROG program to queries of the
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1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8.100 and 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8.101
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mib tables (respectively). All STDOUT output
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beyond the first line is silently truncated.
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If MIBNUM is specified, it acts as above but
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returns the exit status to MIBNUM.100.0 and the
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entire STDOUT output to the table MIBNUM.101 in a
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mib table. In this case, the MIBNUM.101 mib con-
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tains the entire STDOUT output, one mib table entry
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per line of output (ie, the first line is output as
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MIBNUM.101.1, the second at MIBNUM.101.2, etc...).
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Note: The MIBNUM must be specified in dotted-inte-
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ger notation and can not be specified as
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".iso.org.dod.internet..." (should instead
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be
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Note: The agent caches the exit status and STDOUT
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of the executed program for 30 seconds after
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the initial query. This is to increase
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speed and maintain consistency of informa-
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tion for consecutive table queries. The
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cache can be flushed by a snmp-set request
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of integer(1) to 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.100.VER-
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CLEARCACHE.
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execfix NAME PROG ARGS
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This registers a command that knows how to fix
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errors with the given exec or sh NAME. When
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1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.8.102 for a given NAMEd entry is
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set to the integer value of 1, this command will be
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called. It defaults to a compiled value set using
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the EXECFIXCMD definition in the config.h file.
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disk PATH
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disk PATH [ MINSPACE | MINPERCENT% ]
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Checks the named disks mounted at PATH for avail-
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able disk space. If the disk space is less than
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MINSPACE (kB) if specified or less than MINPERCENT
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(%) if a % sign is specified, or DEFDISKMINI-
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MUMSPACE (kB) if not specified, the associated
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entry in the 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.100 mib table will
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be set to (1) and a descriptive error message will
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be returned to queries of 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.9.101.
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load MAX1
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load MAX1 MAX5
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load MAX1 MAX5 MAX15
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Checks the load average of the machine and returns
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an error flag (1), and an text-string error message
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to queries of 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.100 and
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1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.10.101 (respectively) when the
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1-minute, 5-minute, or 15-minute averages exceed
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the associated maximum values. If any of the MAX1,
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MAX5, or MAX15 values are unspecified, they default
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to a value of DEFMAXLOADAVE.
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file FILE [MAXSIZE]
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Monitors file sizes and makes sure they don't grow
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beyond a certain size. MAXSIZE defaults to infi-
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nite if not specified, and only monitors the size
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without reporting errors about it.
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Errors
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Any errors in obtaining the above information are reported
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via the 1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.101.100 flag and the
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1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.101.101 text-string description.
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SMUX SUB-AGENTS
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To enable and SMUX based sub-agent, such as gated, use the
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smuxpeer configuration entry
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smuxpeer OID PASS
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For gated a sensible entry might be
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.1.3.6.1.4.1.4.1.3 secret
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ACCESS CONTROL
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snmpd supports the View-Based Access Control Model (vacm)
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as defined in RFC 2275. To this end, it recognizes the
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following keywords in the configuration file: com2sec,
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group, access, and view as well as some easier-to-use
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wrapper directives: rocommunity, rwcommunity, rouser,
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rwuser.
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rocommunity COMMUNITY [SOURCE] [OID]
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rwcommunity COMMUNITY [SOURCE] [OID]
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These create read-only and read-write communities
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that can be used to access the agent. They are a
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quick method of using the following com2sec, group,
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access, and view directive lines. They are not as
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efficient either, as groups aren't created so the
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tables are possibly larger. In other words: don't
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use these if you have complex situations to set up.
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The format of the SOURCE is token is described in
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the com2sec directive section below. The OID token
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restricts access for that community to everything
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below that given OID.
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rouser USER [noauth|auth|priv] [OID]
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rwuser USER [noauth|auth|priv] [OID]
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Creates a SNMPv3 USM user in the VACM access
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configuration tables. Again, its more efficient
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(and powerful) to use the combined com2sec, group,
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access, and view directives instead.
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The minimum level of authentication and privacy the
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user must use is specified by the first token
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(which defaults to "auth"). The OID parameter
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restricts access for that user to everything below
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the given OID.
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com2sec NAME SOURCE COMMUNITY
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This directive specifies the mapping from a
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source/community pair to a security name. SOURCE
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can be a hostname, a subnet, or the word "default".
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A subnet can be specified as IP/MASK or IP/BITS.
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The first source/community combination that matches
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the incoming packet is selected.
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group NAME MODEL SECURITY
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This directive defines the mapping from security-
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model/securityname to group. MODEL is one of v1,
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v2c, or usm.
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access NAME CONTEXT MODEL LEVEL PREFX READ WRITE NOTIFY
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The access directive maps from group/security
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model/security level to a view. MODEL is one of
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any, v1, v2c, or usm. LEVEL is one of noauth,
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auth, or priv. PREFX specifies how CONTEXT should
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be matched against the context of the incoming pdu,
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either exact or prefix. READ, WRITE and NOTIFY
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specifies the view to be used for the corresponding
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access. For v1 or v2c access, LEVEL will be
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noauth, and CONTEXT will be empty.
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view NAME TYPE SUBTREE [MASK]
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The defines the named view. TYPE is either included
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or excluded. MASK is a list of hex octets, sepa-
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rated by '.' or ':'. The MASK defaults to "ff" if
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not specified.
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The reason for the mask is, that it allows you to
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control access to one row in a table, in a rela-
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tively simple way. As an example, as an ISP you
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might consider giving each customer access to his
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or her own interface:
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view cust1 included interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifIndex.1 ff.a0
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view cust2 included interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifIndex.2 ff.a0
|
| 346 |
|
|
|
| 347 |
|
|
(interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifIndex.1 == .1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.1.1,
|
| 348 |
|
|
ff.a0 == 11111111.10100000. which nicely covers up and including
|
| 349 |
|
|
the row index, but lets the user vary the field of the row)
|
| 350 |
|
|
|
| 351 |
|
|
VACM Examples:
|
| 352 |
|
|
# sec.name source community
|
| 353 |
|
|
com2sec local localhost private
|
| 354 |
|
|
com2sec mynet 10.10.10.0/24 public
|
| 355 |
|
|
com2sec public default public
|
| 356 |
|
|
|
| 357 |
|
|
# sec.model sec.name
|
| 358 |
|
|
group mygroup v1 mynet
|
| 359 |
|
|
group mygroup v2c mynet
|
| 360 |
|
|
group mygroup usm mynet
|
| 361 |
|
|
group local v1 local
|
| 362 |
|
|
group local v2c local
|
| 363 |
|
|
group local usm local
|
| 364 |
|
|
group public v1 public
|
| 365 |
|
|
group public v2c public
|
| 366 |
|
|
group public usm public
|
| 367 |
|
|
|
| 368 |
|
|
# incl/excl subtree mask
|
| 369 |
|
|
view all included .1 80
|
| 370 |
|
|
view system included system fe
|
| 371 |
|
|
view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
|
| 372 |
|
|
|
| 373 |
|
|
# context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notify
|
| 374 |
|
|
access mygroup "" any noauth exact mib2 none none
|
| 375 |
|
|
access public "" any noauth exact system none none
|
| 376 |
|
|
access local "" any noauth exact all all all
|
| 377 |
|
|
|
| 378 |
|
|
Default VACM model
|
| 379 |
|
|
The default configuration of the agent, as shipped, is functionally
|
| 380 |
|
|
equivalent to the following entries:
|
| 381 |
|
|
com2sec public default public
|
| 382 |
|
|
group public v1 public
|
| 383 |
|
|
group public v2c public
|
| 384 |
|
|
group public usm public
|
| 385 |
|
|
view all included .1
|
| 386 |
|
|
access public "" any noauth exact all none none
|
| 387 |
|
|
|
| 388 |
|
|
SNMPv3 CONFIGURATION
|
| 389 |
|
|
engineID STRING
|
| 390 |
|
|
The snmpd agent needs to be configured with an
|
| 391 |
|
|
engineID to be able to respond to SNMPv3 messages.
|
| 392 |
|
|
With this configuration file line, the engineID
|
| 393 |
|
|
will be configured from STRING. The default value
|
| 394 |
|
|
of the engineID is configured with the first IP
|
| 395 |
|
|
address found for the hostname of the machine.
|
| 396 |
|
|
|
| 397 |
|
|
createUser username (MD5|SHA) authpassphrase [DES] [priv-
|
| 398 |
|
|
passphrase]
|
| 399 |
|
|
This directive should be placed into the "/var/ucd-
|
| 400 |
|
|
snmp"/snmpd.conf file instead of the other normal
|
| 401 |
|
|
locations. The reason is that the information is
|
| 402 |
|
|
read from the file and then the line is removed
|
| 403 |
|
|
(eliminating the storage of the master password for
|
| 404 |
|
|
that user) and replaced with the key that is
|
| 405 |
|
|
derived from it. This key is a localized key, so
|
| 406 |
|
|
that if it is stolen it can not be used to access
|
| 407 |
|
|
other agents. If the password is stolen, however,
|
| 408 |
|
|
it can be.
|
| 409 |
|
|
|
| 410 |
|
|
MD5 and SHA are the authentication types to use,
|
| 411 |
|
|
but you must have built the package with openssl
|
| 412 |
|
|
installed in order to use SHA. The only privacy
|
| 413 |
|
|
protocol currently supported is DES. If the pri-
|
| 414 |
|
|
vacy passphrase is not specified, it is assumed to
|
| 415 |
|
|
be the same as the authentication passphrase. Note
|
| 416 |
|
|
that the users created will be useless unless they
|
| 417 |
|
|
are also added to the VACM access control tables
|
| 418 |
|
|
described above.
|
| 419 |
|
|
|
| 420 |
|
|
Warning: the minimum pass phrase length is 8 char-
|
| 421 |
|
|
acters.
|
| 422 |
|
|
|
| 423 |
|
|
SNMPv3 users can be created at runtime using the
|
| 424 |
|
|
snmpusm command.
|
| 425 |
|
|
|
| 426 |
|
|
|
| 427 |
|
|
SETTING SYSTEM INFORMATION
|
| 428 |
|
|
syslocation STRING
|
| 429 |
|
|
|
| 430 |
|
|
syscontact STRING
|
| 431 |
|
|
|
| 432 |
|
|
Sets the system location and the system contact for
|
| 433 |
|
|
the agent. This information is reported by the
|
| 434 |
|
|
'system' table in the mibII tree.
|
| 435 |
|
|
|
| 436 |
|
|
authtrapenable NUMBER
|
| 437 |
|
|
Setting authtrapenable to 1 enables generation of
|
| 438 |
|
|
authentication failure traps. The default value is
|
| 439 |
|
|
2 (disable).
|
| 440 |
|
|
|
| 441 |
|
|
trapcommunity STRING
|
| 442 |
|
|
This defines the default community string to be
|
| 443 |
|
|
used when sending traps. Note that this command
|
| 444 |
|
|
must be used prior to any of the following three
|
| 445 |
|
|
commands that are intended use this community
|
| 446 |
|
|
string.
|
| 447 |
|
|
|
| 448 |
|
|
trapsink HOST [COMMUNITY [PORT]]
|
| 449 |
|
|
|
| 450 |
|
|
trap2sink HOST [COMMUNITY [PORT]]
|
| 451 |
|
|
|
| 452 |
|
|
informsink HOST [COMMUNITY [PORT]]
|
| 453 |
|
|
These commands define the hosts to receive traps
|
| 454 |
|
|
(and/or inform notifications). The daemon sends a
|
| 455 |
|
|
Cold Start trap when it starts up. If enabled, it
|
| 456 |
|
|
also sends traps on authentication failures. Mul-
|
| 457 |
|
|
tiple trapsink, trap2sink and informsink lines may
|
| 458 |
|
|
be specified to specify multiple destinations. Use
|
| 459 |
|
|
trap2sink to send SNMPv2 traps and informsink to
|
| 460 |
|
|
send inform notifications. If COMMUNITY is not
|
| 461 |
|
|
specified, the string from a preceding trapcommu-
|
| 462 |
|
|
nity directive will be used. If PORT is not speci-
|
| 463 |
|
|
fied, the well known SNMP trap port (162) will be
|
| 464 |
|
|
used.
|
| 465 |
|
|
|
| 466 |
|
|
PASS-THROUGH CONTROL
|
| 467 |
|
|
pass MIBOID EXEC
|
| 468 |
|
|
Passes entire control of MIBOID to the EXEC pro-
|
| 469 |
|
|
gram. The EXEC program is called in one of the
|
| 470 |
|
|
following three ways:
|
| 471 |
|
|
|
| 472 |
|
|
EXEC -g MIBOID
|
| 473 |
|
|
|
| 474 |
|
|
EXEC -n MIBOID
|
| 475 |
|
|
|
| 476 |
|
|
These call lines match to SNMP get and get-
|
| 477 |
|
|
next requests. It is expected that the EXEC
|
| 478 |
|
|
program will take the arguments passed to it
|
| 479 |
|
|
and return the appropriate response through
|
| 480 |
|
|
it's stdout.
|
| 481 |
|
|
|
| 482 |
|
|
The first line of stdout should be the mib
|
| 483 |
|
|
OID of the returning value. The second line
|
| 484 |
|
|
should be the TYPE of value returned, where
|
| 485 |
|
|
TYPE is one of the text strings: string,
|
| 486 |
|
|
integer, unsigned, objectid, timeticks,
|
| 487 |
|
|
ipaddress, counter, or gauge. The third
|
| 488 |
|
|
line of stdout should be the VALUE corre-
|
| 489 |
|
|
sponding with the returned TYPE.
|
| 490 |
|
|
|
| 491 |
|
|
For instance, if a script was to return the
|
| 492 |
|
|
value integer value "42" when a request for
|
| 493 |
|
|
.1.3.6.1.4.100 was requested, the script
|
| 494 |
|
|
should return the following 3 lines:
|
| 495 |
|
|
.1.3.6.1.4.100
|
| 496 |
|
|
integer
|
| 497 |
|
|
42
|
| 498 |
|
|
|
| 499 |
|
|
To indicate that the script is unable to
|
| 500 |
|
|
comply with the request due to an end-of-mib
|
| 501 |
|
|
condition or an invalid request, simple exit
|
| 502 |
|
|
and return no output to stdout at all. A
|
| 503 |
|
|
snmp error will be generated corresponding
|
| 504 |
|
|
to the SNMP NO-SUCH-NAME response.
|
| 505 |
|
|
|
| 506 |
|
|
EXEC -s MIBOID TYPE VALUE
|
| 507 |
|
|
|
| 508 |
|
|
For SNMP set requests, the above call method
|
| 509 |
|
|
is used. The TYPE passed to the EXEC pro-
|
| 510 |
|
|
gram is one of the text strings: integer,
|
| 511 |
|
|
counter, gauge, timeticks, ipaddress, objid,
|
| 512 |
|
|
or string, indicating the type of value
|
| 513 |
|
|
passed in the next argument.
|
| 514 |
|
|
|
| 515 |
|
|
Return nothing to stdout, and the set will
|
| 516 |
|
|
assumed to have been successful. Otherwise,
|
| 517 |
|
|
return one of the following error strings to
|
| 518 |
|
|
signal an error: not-writable, or wrong-type
|
| 519 |
|
|
and the appropriate error response will be
|
| 520 |
|
|
generated instead.
|
| 521 |
|
|
|
| 522 |
|
|
Note: By default, the only community
|
| 523 |
|
|
allowed to write (ie snmpset) to
|
| 524 |
|
|
your script will be the "private"
|
| 525 |
|
|
community,or community #2 if defined
|
| 526 |
|
|
differently by the "community" token
|
| 527 |
|
|
discussed above. Which communities
|
| 528 |
|
|
are allowed write access are con-
|
| 529 |
|
|
trolled by the RWRITE definition in
|
| 530 |
|
|
the snmplib/snmp_impl.h source file.
|
| 531 |
|
|
|
| 532 |
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
| 533 |
|
|
See the EXAMPLE.CONF file in the top level source direc-
|
| 534 |
|
|
tory for a more detailed example of how the above informa-
|
| 535 |
|
|
tion is used in real examples.
|
| 536 |
|
|
|
| 537 |
|
|
RE-READING snmpd.conf and snmpd.local.conf
|
| 538 |
|
|
The ucd-snmp agent can be forced to re-read its configura-
|
| 539 |
|
|
tion files. It can be told to do so by one of two ways:
|
| 540 |
|
|
|
| 541 |
|
|
1. An snmpset of integer(1) to
|
| 542 |
|
|
1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.100.VERUPDATECONFIG.
|
| 543 |
|
|
|
| 544 |
|
|
2. A "kill -HUP" signal sent to the snmpd agent pro-
|
| 545 |
|
|
cess.
|
| 546 |
|
|
|
| 547 |
|
|
FILES
|
| 548 |
|
|
share/snmp/snmpd.conf
|
| 549 |
|
|
|
| 550 |
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
| 551 |
|
|
snmp_config(5), snmpd(1), EXAMPLE.conf, read_config(3).
|
| 552 |
|
|
|
| 553 |
|
|
|
| 554 |
|
|
|
| 555 |
|
|
27 Jan 2000 SNMPD.CONF(5)
|
| 556 |
|
|
</PRE
|
| 557 |
|
|
></TD
|
| 558 |
|
|
></TR
|
| 559 |
|
|
></TABLE
|
| 560 |
|
|
></DIV
|
| 561 |
|
|
><DIV
|
| 562 |
|
|
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
|
| 563 |
|
|
><HR
|
| 564 |
|
|
ALIGN="LEFT"
|
| 565 |
|
|
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
|
| 566 |
|
|
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
|
| 567 |
|
|
WIDTH="100%"
|
| 568 |
|
|
BORDER="0"
|
| 569 |
|
|
CELLPADDING="0"
|
| 570 |
|
|
CELLSPACING="0"
|
| 571 |
|
|
><TR
|
| 572 |
|
|
><TD
|
| 573 |
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
| 574 |
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
| 575 |
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
| 576 |
|
|
><A
|
| 577 |
|
|
HREF="net-snmp-mib-compiler.html"
|
| 578 |
|
|
ACCESSKEY="P"
|
| 579 |
|
|
>Prev</A
|
| 580 |
|
|
></TD
|
| 581 |
|
|
><TD
|
| 582 |
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
| 583 |
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
| 584 |
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
| 585 |
|
|
><A
|
| 586 |
|
|
HREF="ecos-ref.html"
|
| 587 |
|
|
ACCESSKEY="H"
|
| 588 |
|
|
>Home</A
|
| 589 |
|
|
></TD
|
| 590 |
|
|
><TD
|
| 591 |
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
| 592 |
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
| 593 |
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
| 594 |
|
|
><A
|
| 595 |
|
|
HREF="net-httpd.html"
|
| 596 |
|
|
ACCESSKEY="N"
|
| 597 |
|
|
>Next</A
|
| 598 |
|
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></TD
|
| 599 |
|
|
></TR
|
| 600 |
|
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><TR
|
| 601 |
|
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><TD
|
| 602 |
|
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WIDTH="33%"
|
| 603 |
|
|
ALIGN="left"
|
| 604 |
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
| 605 |
|
|
>MIB Compiler</TD
|
| 606 |
|
|
><TD
|
| 607 |
|
|
WIDTH="34%"
|
| 608 |
|
|
ALIGN="center"
|
| 609 |
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
| 610 |
|
|
><A
|
| 611 |
|
|
HREF="net-snmp-ecos-port.html"
|
| 612 |
|
|
ACCESSKEY="U"
|
| 613 |
|
|
>Up</A
|
| 614 |
|
|
></TD
|
| 615 |
|
|
><TD
|
| 616 |
|
|
WIDTH="33%"
|
| 617 |
|
|
ALIGN="right"
|
| 618 |
|
|
VALIGN="top"
|
| 619 |
|
|
>Embedded HTTP Server</TD
|
| 620 |
|
|
></TR
|
| 621 |
|
|
></TABLE
|
| 622 |
|
|
></DIV
|
| 623 |
|
|
></BODY
|
| 624 |
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></HTML
|
| 625 |
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>
|
