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<HTML
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>eCos Overview</TITLE
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REL="HOME"
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TITLE="eCos User Guide"
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HREF="ecos-user-guide.html"><LINK
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REL="UP"
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TITLE="Introduction"
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HREF="user-guide-introduction.html"><LINK
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TITLE="Key Features"
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HREF="ecos-key-features.html"><LINK
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REL="NEXT"
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TITLE="eCos Licence Overview"
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>Prev</A
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><H1
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><A
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NAME="ECOS-OVERVIEW">Chapter 2. <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> Overview</H1
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><P
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><SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> is an open source, configurable,
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portable, and royalty-free embedded real-time operating
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system. The following text expands on these core aspects that
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define <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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>.</P
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><P
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><SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> is provided as an open source
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runtime system supported by the GNU open source development
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tools. Developers have full and unfettered access to all
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aspects of the runtime system. No parts of it are proprietary
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or hidden, and you are at liberty to examine, add to, and
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modify the code as you deem necessary. These rights are
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granted to you and protected by the GNU Public License (GPL).
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An exception clause has been added to the eCos license which
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limits the circumstances in which the license applies to other
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code when used in conjunction with eCos. This exception grants
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you the right to freely develop and distribute applications
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based on <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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>. You are not expected
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or required to make your embedded applications or any
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additional components that you develop freely available so
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long as they are not derived from
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> code. We of course welcome all
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contributions back to <SPAN
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>eCos</SPAN
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> such as
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board ports, device drivers and other components, as this
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helps the growth and development of
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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>, and is of benefit to the
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entire <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> community. See <A
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HREF="ecos-licensing.html"
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>Chapter 3</A
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> for more details.</P
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><P
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>One of the key technological innovations in
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> is the configuration
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system. The configuration system allows the application writer
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to impose their requirements on the run-time components, both
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in terms of their functionality and implementation, whereas
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traditionally the operating system has constrained the
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application's own implementation. Essentially, this enables
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> developers to create their own
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application-specific operating system and makes
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> suitable for a wide range of
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embedded uses. Configuration also ensures that the resource
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footprint of <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> is minimized as
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all unnecessary functionality and features are removed. The
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configuration system also presents
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> as a component
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architecture. This provides a standardized mechanism for
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component suppliers to extend the functionality of
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> and allows applications to be
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built from a wide set of optional configurable run-time
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components. Components can be provided from a variety of
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sources including: the standard
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> release; commercial third
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party developers or open source contributors.</P
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><P
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>The royalty-free nature of <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> means that you can develop and
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deploy your application using the standard <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> release without
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incurring any royalty charges. In addition, there are no up-front
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license charges for the <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> runtime source code and associated
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tools. We provide, without charge, everything necessary for basic
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embedded applications development.</P
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><P
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><SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> is designed to be portable to a
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wide range of target architectures and target platforms including 16,
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32, and 64 bit architectures, MPUs, MCUs and DSPs. The
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> kernel, libraries and runtime
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components are layered on the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), and
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thus will run on any target once the HAL and relevant device drivers
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have been ported to the target's processor architecture and
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board. Currently <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> supports a large
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range of different target architectures:
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</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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><LI
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><P
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>ARM, Intel StrongARM and XScale</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Fujitsu FR-V</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Hitachi SH2/3/4</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Hitachi H8/300H </P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Intel x86</P
|
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>MIPS</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Matsushita AM3x</P
|
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Motorola PowerPC</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Motorola 68k/Coldfire</P
|
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>NEC V850</P
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></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>Sun SPARC</P
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></LI
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></UL
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><P
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>including many of the popular variants of these architectures
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and evaluation boards.</P
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><P
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><SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> has been designed to support
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applications with real-time requirements, providing features such as
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full preemptability, minimal interrupt latencies, and all the
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necessary synchronization primitives, scheduling policies, and
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interrupt handling mechanisms needed for these type of
|
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applications. <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> also provides all the
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functionality required for general embedded application support
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including device drivers, memory management, exception handling, C,
|
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math libraries, etc. In addition to runtime support, the
|
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> system includes all the tools
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necessary to develop embedded applications, including
|
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> software configuration and build
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tools, and GNU based compilers, assemblers, linkers, debuggers, and
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simulators.</P
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><P
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>To get the most out of <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> you
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should visit the <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> open source
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developers site: <A
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HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/"
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TARGET="_top"
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>http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/</A
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>.</P
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><P
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>The site is dedicated to the <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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>
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developer community and contains a rich set of resources
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|
including news, FAQ, online documentation, installation guide,
|
| 322 |
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|
discussion and announcement mailing lists, and runtime and
|
| 323 |
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|
development tools downloads. The site also supports anonymous
|
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CVS and WEBCVS access to provide direct access to the latest
|
| 325 |
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|
<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> source base. </P
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><P
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><SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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> is released as open source
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software because we believe that this is the most effective
|
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|
software development model, and that it provides the greatest
|
| 336 |
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benefit to the embedded developer community as a whole. As part
|
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|
of this endeavor, we seek the input and participation of
|
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<SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
|
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> developers in its continuing
|
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|
|
evolution. Participation can take many forms including:</P
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><P
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></P
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><UL
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><LI
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><P
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>providing us with feedback on how <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
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>eCos</SPAN
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| 351 |
|
|
> might be made more
|
| 352 |
|
|
useful to you - by taking part in the ongoing mailing list discussions
|
| 353 |
|
|
and by submitting problem reports covering bugs, documentation issues,
|
| 354 |
|
|
and missing features</P
|
| 355 |
|
|
></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>contributing bug fixes and enhancement patches</P
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|
></LI
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><LI
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><P
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>contributing new code including device drivers, board
|
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|
|
ports, libraries, and other runtime components</P
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| 364 |
|
|
></LI
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></UL
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><P
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>Our long term aim is to make <SPAN
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CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
|
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>eCos</SPAN
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> a
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rich and ubiquitous standard infrastructure for the development of
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deeply embedded applications. This will be achieved with the
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assistance of the <SPAN
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cooperating to improve <SPAN
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