OpenCores
URL https://opencores.org/ocsvn/openrisc/openrisc/trunk

Subversion Repositories openrisc

[/] [openrisc/] [trunk/] [rtos/] [ecos-2.0/] [doc/] [html/] [user-guide/] [kernel-instrumentation.html] - Blame information for rev 308

Go to most recent revision | Details | Compare with Previous | View Log

Line No. Rev Author Line
1 28 unneback 
<!-- Copyright (C) 2003 Red Hat, Inc.                                -->
2 
<!-- This material may be distributed only subject to the terms      -->
3 
<!-- and conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0  -->
4 
<!-- or later (the latest version is presently available at          -->
5 
<!-- http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).                           -->
6 
<!-- Distribution of the work or derivative of the work in any       -->
7 
<!-- standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior           -->
8 
<!-- permission is obtained from the copyright holder.               -->
9 
<HTML
10 
><HEAD
11 
><TITLE
12 
>Kernel Instrumentation</TITLE
13 
><meta name="MSSmartTagsPreventParsing" content="TRUE">
14 
<META
15 
NAME="GENERATOR"
16 
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
17 
"><LINK
18 
REL="HOME"
19 
TITLE="eCos User Guide"
20 
HREF="ecos-user-guide.html"><LINK
21 
REL="UP"
22 
TITLE="Debugging Techniques"
23 
HREF="debugging-techniques.html"><LINK
24 
REL="PREVIOUS"
25 
TITLE="Debugging Techniques"
26 
HREF="debugging-techniques.html"><LINK
27 
REL="NEXT"
28 
TITLE="Configuration and the Package Repository"
29 
HREF="configuration-and-the-package-repository.html"></HEAD
30 
><BODY
31 
CLASS="SECT1"
32 
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
33 
TEXT="#000000"
34 
LINK="#0000FF"
35 
VLINK="#840084"
36 
ALINK="#0000FF"
37 
><DIV
38 
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
39 
><TABLE
40 
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
41 
WIDTH="100%"
42 
BORDER="0"
43 
CELLPADDING="0"
44 
CELLSPACING="0"
45 
><TR
46 
><TH
47 
COLSPAN="3"
48 
ALIGN="center"
49 
>eCos User Guide</TH
50 
></TR
51 
><TR
52 
><TD
53 
WIDTH="10%"
54 
ALIGN="left"
55 
VALIGN="bottom"
56 
><A
57 
HREF="debugging-techniques.html"
58 
ACCESSKEY="P"
59 
>Prev</A
60 
></TD
61 
><TD
62 
WIDTH="80%"
63 
ALIGN="center"
64 
VALIGN="bottom"
65 
>Chapter 27. Debugging Techniques</TD
66 
><TD
67 
WIDTH="10%"
68 
ALIGN="right"
69 
VALIGN="bottom"
70 
><A
71 
HREF="configuration-and-the-package-repository.html"
72 
ACCESSKEY="N"
73 
>Next</A
74 
></TD
75 
></TR
76 
></TABLE
77 
><HR
78 
ALIGN="LEFT"
79 
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
80 
><DIV
81 
CLASS="SECT1"
82 
><H1
83 
CLASS="SECT1"
84 
><A
85 
NAME="KERNEL-INSTRUMENTATION">Kernel Instrumentation</H1
86 
><P
87 
><I
88 
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
89 
>Instrument buffers</I
90 
> can be used to
91 
          find out how many events of a given type happened in the
92 
          kernel during execution of a program.</P
93 
><P
94 
>You can monitor a class of several types of events, or
95 
          you can just look at individual events. </P
96 
><P
97 
>Examples of <I
98 
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
99 
>events</I
100 
> that can be
101 
          monitored are:
102 
        </P
103 
><P
104 
></P
105 
><UL
106 
><LI
107 
><P
108 
>scheduler events </P
109 
></LI
110 
><LI
111 
><P
112 
>thread operations</P
113 
></LI
114 
><LI
115 
><P
116 
>interrupts </P
117 
></LI
118 
><LI
119 
><P
120 
>mutex operations </P
121 
></LI
122 
><LI
123 
><P
124 
>binary semaphore operations </P
125 
></LI
126 
><LI
127 
><P
128 
>counting semaphore operations </P
129 
></LI
130 
><LI
131 
><P
132 
>clock ticks and interrupts </P
133 
></LI
134 
></UL
135 
><P
136 
>Examples of fine-grained scheduler event types are: </P
137 
><P
138 
></P
139 
><UL
140 
><LI
141 
><P
142 
>scheduler lock</P
143 
></LI
144 
><LI
145 
><P
146 
>scheduler unlock</P
147 
></LI
148 
><LI
149 
><P
150 
>rescheduling</P
151 
></LI
152 
><LI
153 
><P
154 
>time slicing </P
155 
></LI
156 
></UL
157 
><P
158 
>Information about the events is stored in an
159 
          <I
160 
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
161 
>event record</I
162 
>. The structure that
163 
          defines this record has type <SPAN
164 
CLASS="TYPE"
165 
>struct
166 
          Instrument_Record</SPAN
167 
>:</P
168 
><P
169 
>The list of records is stored in an array called <SPAN
170 
CLASS="TYPE"
171 
>instrument_buffer</SPAN
172 
>
173 
which you can let the kernel provide or you can provide yourself
174 
by setting the configuration option <TT
175 
CLASS="LITERAL"
176 
>CYGVAR_KERNEL_INSTRUMENT_EXTERNAL_BUFFER</TT
177 
>. </P
178 
><P
179 
>To write a program that examines the instrumentation
180 
          buffers: </P
181 
><P
182 
></P
183 
><OL
184 
TYPE="1"
185 
><LI
186 
><P
187 
>Enable instrumentation buffers in the <SPAN
188 
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
189 
>eCos</SPAN
190 
> kernel configuration.
191 
The component macro is <TT
192 
CLASS="LITERAL"
193 
>CYGPKG_KERNEL_INSTRUMENT</TT
194 
>.</P
195 
></LI
196 
><LI
197 
><P
198 
>To allocate the buffers yourself, enable the configuration
199 
option <TT
200 
CLASS="LITERAL"
201 
>CYGVAR_KERNEL_INSTRUMENT_EXTERNAL_BUFFER</TT
202 
>. </P
203 
></LI
204 
><LI
205 
><P
206 
>Include the header file
207 
<TT
208 
CLASS="FILENAME"
209 
>cyg/kernel/instrmnt.h</TT
210 
>
211 
.
212 
<TABLE
213 
BORDER="5"
214 
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
215 
WIDTH="70%"
216 
><TR
217 
><TD
218 
><PRE
219 
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
220 
>#include &lt;cyg/kernel/instrmnt.h&gt;</PRE
221 
></TD
222 
></TR
223 
></TABLE
224 
></P
225 
></LI
226 
><LI
227 
><P
228 
>The <SPAN
229 
CLASS="STRUCTNAME"
230 
>Instrumentation_Record</SPAN
231 
> structure
232 
is not published in the kernel header file. In the future there
233 
will be a cleaner mechanism to access it, but for now you should
234 
paste into your code in the following lines:
235 
            </P
236 
><TABLE
237 
BORDER="5"
238 
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
239 
WIDTH="70%"
240 
><TR
241 
><TD
242 
><PRE
243 
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
244 
>struct Instrument_Record
245 
{
246 
 CYG_WORD16 type; // record type
247 
 CYG_WORD16 thread; // current thread id
248 
 CYG_WORD timestamp; // 32 bit timestamp
249 
 CYG_WORD arg1; // first arg
250 
 CYG_WORD arg2; // second arg
251 
};</PRE
252 
></TD
253 
></TR
254 
></TABLE
255 
></LI
256 
><LI
257 
><P
258 
>Enable the events you want to record using
259 
<TT
260 
CLASS="FUNCTION"
261 
>cyg_instrument_enable()</TT
262 
>
263 
, and disable them later. Look at
264 
<TT
265 
CLASS="FILENAME"
266 
>cyg/kernel/instrmnt.h</TT
267 
>
268 
 and the examples below to see what events can be enabled. </P
269 
></LI
270 
><LI
271 
><P
272 
>Place the code you want to debug between the matching
273 
functions
274 
<TT
275 
CLASS="FUNCTION"
276 
>cyg_instrument_enable()</TT
277 
>
278 
 and
279 
<TT
280 
CLASS="FUNCTION"
281 
>cyg_instrument_disable()</TT
282 
>
283 
. </P
284 
></LI
285 
><LI
286 
><P
287 
>Examine the buffer. For now you need to look at the data
288 
in there (the example program below shows how to do that), and future
289 
versions of <SPAN
290 
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
291 
>eCos</SPAN
292 
> will include a host-side tool to help you understand
293 
the data. </P
294 
></LI
295 
></OL
296 
><DIV
297 
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
298 
><A
299 
NAME="AEN2358"><P
300 
><B
301 
>Example 27-2. Using instrument buffers</B
302 
></P
303 
><P
304 
>This program is also provided in the
305 
            <TT
306 
CLASS="FILENAME"
307 
>examples</TT
308 
> directory.
309 
          </P
310 
><TABLE
311 
BORDER="5"
312 
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
313 
WIDTH="70%"
314 
><TR
315 
><TD
316 
><PRE
317 
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
318 
>/* this is a program which uses <SPAN
319 
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
320 
>eCos</SPAN
321 
> instrumentation buffers; it needs
322 
 to be linked with a kernel which was compiled with support for
323 
 instrumentation */
324 
 
325 
#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
326 
#include &lt;pkgconf/kernel.h&gt;
327 
#include &lt;cyg/kernel/instrmnt.h&gt;
328 
#include &lt;cyg/kernel/kapi.h&gt;
329 
 
330 
#ifndef CYGVAR_KERNEL_INSTRUMENT_EXTERNAL_BUFFER
331 
# error You must configure eCos with CYGVAR_KERNEL_INSTRUMENT_EXTERNAL_BUFFER
332 
#endif
333 
 
334 
struct Instrument_Record
335 
{
336 
 CYG_WORD16 type; // record type
337 
 CYG_WORD16 thread; // current thread id
338 
 CYG_WORD timestamp; // 32 bit timestamp
339 
 CYG_WORD arg1; // first arg
340 
 CYG_WORD arg2; // second arg
341 
};
342 
 
343 
struct Instrument_Record instrument_buffer[20];
344 
cyg_uint32 instrument_buffer_size = 20;
345 
 
346 
int main(void)
347 
{
348 
 int i;
349 
 
350 
 cyg_instrument_enable(CYG_INSTRUMENT_CLASS_CLOCK, 0);
351 
 cyg_instrument_enable(CYG_INSTRUMENT_CLASS_THREAD, 0);
352 
 cyg_instrument_enable(CYG_INSTRUMENT_CLASS_ALARM, 0);
353 
 
354 
 printf("Program to play with instrumentation buffer\n");
355 
 
356 
 cyg_thread_delay(2);
357 
 
358 
 cyg_instrument_disable(CYG_INSTRUMENT_CLASS_CLOCK, 0);
359 
 cyg_instrument_disable(CYG_INSTRUMENT_CLASS_THREAD, 0);
360 
 cyg_instrument_disable(CYG_INSTRUMENT_CLASS_ALARM, 0);
361 
 
362 
 for (i = 0; i &lt; instrument_buffer_size; ++i) {
363 
 printf("Record %02d: type 0x%04x, thread %d, ",
364 
        i, instrument_buffer[i].type, instrument_buffer[i].thread);
365 
 printf("time %5d, arg1 0x%08x, arg2 0x%08x\n",
366 
        instrument_buffer[i].timestamp, instrument_buffer[i].arg1,
367 
        instrument_buffer[i].arg2);
368 
 }
369 
 return 0;
370 
}</PRE
371 
></TD
372 
></TR
373 
></TABLE
374 
></DIV
375 
><P
376 
>Here is how you could compile and run this program in the <TT
377 
CLASS="FILENAME"
378 
>examples</TT
379 
> directory,
380 
using (for example) the MN10300 simulator target: </P
381 
><TABLE
382 
BORDER="5"
383 
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
384 
WIDTH="70%"
385 
><TR
386 
><TD
387 
><PRE
388 
CLASS="SCREEN"
389 
>$ make XCC=mn10300-elf-gcc INSTALL_DIR=/tmp/ecos-work-mn10300/install instrument-test
390 
mn10300-elf-gcc -c -o instrument-test.o -g -Wall -I/tmp/ecos-work-mn10300/install/include \
391 
        -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections instrument-test.c
392 
mn10300-elf-gcc -nostartfiles -L/tmp/ecos-work-mn10300/install/lib -W1,--gc-sections -o \
393 
        instrument-test instrument-test.o -Ttarget.ld -nostdlib
394 
$ mn10300-elf-run --board=stdeval1 instrument-test</PRE
395 
></TD
396 
></TR
397 
></TABLE
398 
><DIV
399 
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
400 
><A
401 
NAME="AEN2367"><P
402 
><B
403 
>Example 27-3. Instrument buffer output</B
404 
></P
405 
><P
406 
>Here is the output of the
407 
            <B
408 
CLASS="COMMAND"
409 
>instrument-test</B
410 
> program. Notice that in
411 
            little over 2 seconds, and with very little activity, and
412 
            with few event types enabled, it gathered 17 records. In
413 
            larger programs it will be necessary to select very few
414 
            event types for debugging. </P
415 
><TABLE
416 
BORDER="5"
417 
BGCOLOR="#E0E0F0"
418 
WIDTH="70%"
419 
><TR
420 
><TD
421 
><PRE
422 
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
423 
>Program to play with instrumentation buffer
424 
Record 00: type 0x0207, thread 2, time  6057, arg1 0x48001cd8, arg2 0x00000002
425 
Record 01: type 0x0202, thread 2, time  6153, arg1 0x48001cd8, arg2 0x00000000
426 
Record 02: type 0x0904, thread 2, time  6358, arg1 0x48001d24, arg2 0x00000000
427 
Record 03: type 0x0905, thread 2, time  6424, arg1 0x00000002, arg2 0x00000000
428 
Record 04: type 0x0906, thread 2, time  6490, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
429 
Record 05: type 0x0901, thread 2, time  6608, arg1 0x48009d74, arg2 0x48001d24
430 
Record 06: type 0x0201, thread 2, time  6804, arg1 0x48001cd8, arg2 0x480013e0
431 
Record 07: type 0x0803, thread 1, time    94, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
432 
Record 08: type 0x0801, thread 1, time   361, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
433 
Record 09: type 0x0802, thread 1, time   548, arg1 0x00000001, arg2 0x00000000
434 
Record 10: type 0x0803, thread 1, time    94, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
435 
Record 11: type 0x0801, thread 1, time   361, arg1 0x00000001, arg2 0x00000000
436 
Record 12: type 0x0903, thread 1, time   513, arg1 0x48009d74, arg2 0x48001d24
437 
Record 13: type 0x0208, thread 1, time   588, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
438 
Record 14: type 0x0203, thread 1, time   697, arg1 0x48001cd8, arg2 0x480013e0
439 
Record 15: type 0x0802, thread 1, time   946, arg1 0x00000002, arg2 0x00000000
440 
Record 16: type 0x0201, thread 1, time  1083, arg1 0x480013e0, arg2 0x48001cd8
441 
Record 17: type 0x0000, thread 0, time     0, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
442 
Record 18: type 0x0000, thread 0, time     0, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000
443 
Record 19: type 0x0000, thread 0, time     0, arg1 0x00000000, arg2 0x00000000</PRE
444 
></TD
445 
></TR
446 
></TABLE
447 
></DIV
448 
></DIV
449 
><DIV
450 
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
451 
><HR
452 
ALIGN="LEFT"
453 
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
454 
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
455 
WIDTH="100%"
456 
BORDER="0"
457 
CELLPADDING="0"
458 
CELLSPACING="0"
459 
><TR
460 
><TD
461 
WIDTH="33%"
462 
ALIGN="left"
463 
VALIGN="top"
464 
><A
465 
HREF="debugging-techniques.html"
466 
ACCESSKEY="P"
467 
>Prev</A
468 
></TD
469 
><TD
470 
WIDTH="34%"
471 
ALIGN="center"
472 
VALIGN="top"
473 
><A
474 
HREF="ecos-user-guide.html"
475 
ACCESSKEY="H"
476 
>Home</A
477 
></TD
478 
><TD
479 
WIDTH="33%"
480 
ALIGN="right"
481 
VALIGN="top"
482 
><A
483 
HREF="configuration-and-the-package-repository.html"
484 
ACCESSKEY="N"
485 
>Next</A
486 
></TD
487 
></TR
488 
><TR
489 
><TD
490 
WIDTH="33%"
491 
ALIGN="left"
492 
VALIGN="top"
493 
>Debugging Techniques</TD
494 
><TD
495 
WIDTH="34%"
496 
ALIGN="center"
497 
VALIGN="top"
498 
><A
499 
HREF="debugging-techniques.html"
500 
ACCESSKEY="U"
501 
>Up</A
502 
></TD
503 
><TD
504 
WIDTH="33%"
505 
ALIGN="right"
506 
VALIGN="top"
507 
>Configuration and the Package Repository</TD
508 
></TR
509 
></TABLE
510 
></DIV
511 
></BODY
512 
></HTML
513 
>

powered by: WebSVN 2.1.0

© copyright 1999-2024 OpenCores.org, equivalent to Oliscience, all rights reserved. OpenCores®, registered trademark.