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RedBoot Commands and Examples

Introduction
RedBootcommands and examples
commands and examples
RedBoot provides three basic classes of commands:    
Program loading and execution

Flash image and configuration management

Miscellaneous commands

Given the extensible and configurable nature of eCos and RedBoot,
there may be extended or enhanced sets of commands available.
The basic format for commands is:    RedBoot> COMMAND [-S]... [-s val]... operand



Commands may require additional information beyond the basic
command name. In most cases this additional information is optional, with
suitable default values provided if they are not present.
 
      
        
          
          
          
          
            
              Format
              Description
              Example
            
          
          
            
              -S
              A boolean switch; the behavior of the command will differ, depending
on the presence of the switch.  In this example, the -f switch
indicates that a complete initialization of the FIS data should be performed.
There may be many such switches available for any given command and any or all of
them may be present, in any order.
              
                 RedBoot> fis init -f
              
            
            
              -s val
              A qualified value; the letter "s" introduces the value, qualifying it's meaning.  In the
example, -b 0x100000 specifies where the memory dump should begin.
There may be many such switches available for any given command and any or all of
them may be present, in any order.

              
                 RedBoot> dump -b 0x100000 -l 0x20
              
            
            
               operand
              A simple value; some commands require a single parameter for which an additional
-X switch would be redundant.  In the example, JFFS2
is the name of a flash image.  The image name is always required, thus is no need to qualify it with
a switch.
Note that any un-qualified operand must always appear at the end of the command.
              
                 RedBoot> fis delete JFFS2
              
            
          
        
      
 

The list of available commands, and their syntax, can be obtained by
typing help at the command line:

RedBoot> help
Manage aliases kept in FLASH memory
      alias name [value]
Set/Query the system console baud rate
      baudrate [-b <rate>]
Manage machine caches
      cache [ON | OFF]
Display/switch console channel
      channel [-1|<channel number>]
Display disk partitions
      disks
Display (hex dump) a range of memory
      dump -b <location> [-l <length>] [-s]
Manage flash images
      fis {cmds}
Manage configuration kept in FLASH memory
      fconfig [-i] [-l] [-n] [-f] [-d] | [-d] nickname [value]
Execute code at a location
      go [-w <timeout>] [-c] [-n] [entry]
Help about help?
      help [<topic>]
Set/change IP addresses
      ip_address [-l <local_ip_address>[/<mask_length>]] [-h <server_address>]
Load a file
      load [-r] [-v] [-d] [-c <channel>] [-h <host>] [-m {TFTP | HTTP | {x|y}MODEM | disk}]
      [-b <base_address>] <file_name>
Network connectivity test
      ping [-v] [-n <count>] [-t <timeout>] [-i <IP_addr]
      -h <host>
Reset the system
      reset
Display RedBoot version information
      version
Display (hex dump) a range of memory
      x -b <location> [-l <length>] [-s]



Commands can be abbreviated to their shortest
unique string. Thus in the list above, d,du,dum
and dump are all valid for the dump command. The fconfig
command can be abbreviated fc, but
f would be ambiguous with fis.

There is one additional, special command. When RedBoot detects '$' or '+'
(unless escaped via '\') in a command, it switches to GDB protocol mode. At this
point, the eCos GDB stubs take over, allowing connections from a GDB host.
The only way to get back to RedBoot from GDB mode is to restart the platform.

NOTE

Multiple commands may be entered on a single line, separated by the semi-colon “;” character.


The standard RedBoot command set is structured around the bootstrap
environment. These commands are designed to be simple to use and remember,
while still providing sufficient power and flexibility to be useful. No attempt
has been made to render RedBoot as the end-all product. As such, things such
as the debug environment are left to other modules, such as GDB stubs, which
are typically included in RedBoot. 
The command set may be also be extended on a platform basis. 

 

Common Commands

  commandscommon
  

 

  
    
      alias
      Manipulate command line aliases
    
    
      
        alias
         name
         value
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              name
              Name
              The name for this alias.
              none
            
            
              value
              String
              Replacement value for the alias.
              none
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      The alias command is used to maintain simple command
line aliases.  These aliases are shorthand for longer expressions.
When the pattern %{name} appears in a command line, including in a script,
the corresponding value will be substituted.  Aliases may be nested.
      
      
If no value is provided, then the current value of the alias is displayed.
      
      
If the system supports non-volatile configuration data via the
fconfig command (see ),
then the value will be saved and used when the system is reset.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Set an alias.

RedBoot> alias joe "This is Joe"
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? n



Display an alias.

RedBoot> alias joe
'joe' = 'This is Joe'



Use an alias.  Note: the "=" command simply echoes the command to to console.

RedBoot> = %{joe}
This is Joe



Aliases can be nested.

RedBoot> alias frank "Who are you? %{joe}"
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? n
RedBoot> = %{frank}
Who are you? This is Joe



Notice how the value of %{frank} changes when %{joe} is changed since
the value of %{joe} is not evaluated until %{frank} is evaluated.

RedBoot> alias joe "This is now Josephine"
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? n
RedBoot> = %{frank}
Who are you? This is now Josephine

      
    
  
 

  
    
      baudrate
      Set the baud rate for the system serial console
    
    
      
        baudrate
        -b rate
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b rate
              Number
              The baud rate to use for the serial console.
              none
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      The baudrate command sets the baud rate for the system serial console.
      
      
If no value is provided, then the current value of the console baud rate is displayed.
      
      
If the system supports non-volatile configuration data via the
fconfig command (see ),
then the value will be saved and used when the system is reset.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Show the current baud rate.

RedBoot> baudrate
Baud rate = 38400



Change the console baud rate.  In order to make this operation safer,
there will be a slight pause after the
first message to give you time to change to the new baud rate.
If it doesn't work, or a less than affirmative answer is given to the
"continue" prompt, then the baud rate will revert to the current value.
Only after the baud rate has been firmly established will RedBoot
give you an opportunity to save the value in persistent storage.

RedBoot> baudrate -b 57600
Baud rate will be changed to 57600 - update your settings
Device baud rate changed at this point
Baud rate changed to 57600 - continue (y/n)? y
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? n

      
    
  
 

  
    
      cache
      Control hardware caches
    
    
      
        cache
        
          on
          off
        
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              on
              
              Turn the caches on
              none
            
            
              off
              
              Turn the caches off
              none
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      The cache command is used to manipulate the caches on the processor. 
      With no options, this command specifies the state of the system caches.
      When an option is given, the caches are turned off or on appropriately.
    
    
      Examples
      
Show the current cache state.

RedBoot> cache
Data cache: On, Instruction cache: On



Disable the caches.

RedBoot> cache off
RedBoot> cache
Data cache: Off, Instruction cache: Off



Enable the caches.

RedBoot> cache on
RedBoot> cache
Data cache: On, Instruction cache: On

      
    
  
 

  
    
      channel
      Select the system console channel
    
    
      
        channel
        
          -1
          channel_number
        
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -1
              
              Reset the console channel
              none
            
            
              channel_number
              Number
              Select a channel
              none
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      
With no arguments, the channel command displays the current console channel number.

When passed an argument of 0 upward, this command switches the console
channel to that channel number. The mapping between channel numbers and
physical channels is platform specific but will typically be something like
channel 0 is the first serial port, channel 1 is the second, etc.

When passed an argument of -1, this command reverts RedBoot to responding
to whatever channel receives input first, as happens when RedBoot initially
starts execution.

    
    
      Examples
      
Show the current channel.

RedBoot> channel
Current console channel id: 0



Change to an invalid channel.

RedBoot> channel 99
**Error: bad channel number '99'



Revert to the default channel setting (any console mode).

RedBoot> channel -1

      
    
  
 

  
    
      cksum
      Compute POSIX checksums
    
    
      
        cksum
            -b location
            -l length
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b location
              Memory address
              Location in memory for stat of data.
              none
            
            
              -l length
              Number
              Length of data
              none
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
          Computes the POSIX checksum on a range of memory (either RAM or FLASH).
The values printed (decimal cksum, decimal length, hexadecimal cksum,
          hexadecimal length) can be compared with the output from the Linux program 'cksum'.

    
    
      Examples
      
Checksum a buffer.

RedBoot> cksum -b 0x100000 -l 0x100
POSIX cksum = 3286483632 256 (0xc3e3c2b0 0x00000100)

      
      
Checksum an area of memory after loading a file. Note that the base
address and length parameters are provided by the preceding
load command.

RedBoot> load -r -b %{FREEMEMLO} redboot.bin
Raw file loaded 0x06012800-0x0602f0a8
RedBoot> cksum
Computing cksum for area 0x06012800-0x0602f0a8
POSIX cksum = 2092197813 116904 (0x7cb467b5 0x0001c8a8)

      
    
  
 

  
    
      disks
      List available disk partitions.
    
    
      
        disks
      
    
    
      Arguments
None.
    
    
      Description
        The disks command is used to list disk partitions recognized by RedBoot.
    
    
      Examples
      
Show what disk partitions are available.

RedBoot> disks
hda1     Linux Swap
hda2     Linux
00100000: 00 3E 00 06 00 06 00 06  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.>..............|
00100010: 00 00 00 78 00 70 00 60  00 60 00 60 00 60 00 60  |...x.p.`.`.`.`.`|

      
    
  
 

  
    
      dump
      Display memory.
    
    
      
        dump
            -b location
            -l length
            -s
          
            -1
            -2
            -4
          
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b location
              Memory address
              Location in memory for start of data.
              none
            
            
              -l length
              Number
              Length of data
              32
            
            
              -s
              Boolean
              Format data using Motorola S-records.
              
            
            
              -1
              
              Access one byte (8 bits) at a time.
Only the least significant 8 bits of the pattern will be used.
              -1
            
            
              -2
              
              Access two bytes (16 bits) at a time.
Only the least significant 16 bits of the pattern will be used.
              -1
            
            
              -4
              
              Access one word (32 bits) at a time.
              -1
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
        Display a range of memory on the system console.
        The x is a synonym for dump.
        Note that this command could
be detrimental if used on memory mapped hardware registers. 
        The memory is displayed at most sixteen bytes per line, first as the
raw hex value, followed by an ASCII interpretation of the data. 
    
    
      Examples
      
Display a buffer, one byte at a time.

RedBoot> mfill -b 0x100000 -l 0x20 -p 0xDEADFACE
RedBoot> x -b 0x100000
00100000: CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  |................|
00100010: CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  |................|



Display a buffer, one short (16 bit) word at a time.  Note in this case that
the ASCII interpretation is suppressed.

RedBoot> dump -b 0x100000 -2
00100000: FACE DEAD FACE DEAD  FACE DEAD FACE DEAD
00100010: FACE DEAD FACE DEAD  FACE DEAD FACE DEAD



Display a buffer, one word (32 bit) word at a time.  Note in this case that
the ASCII interpretation is suppressed.

RedBoot> dump -b 0x100000 -4
00100000: DEADFACE DEADFACE DEADFACE DEADFACE
00100010: DEADFACE DEADFACE DEADFACE DEADFACE



Display the same buffer, using Motorola S-record format.

RedBoot> dump -b 0x100000 -s
S31500100000CEFAADDECEFAADDECEFAADDECEFAADDE8E
S31500100010CEFAADDECEFAADDECEFAADDECEFAADDE7E



Display a buffer, with visible ASCII strings.

RedBoot> d -b 0xfe00b000 -l 0x80
0xFE00B000: 20 25 70 0A 00 00 00 00  41 74 74 65 6D 70 74 20 | %p.....Attempt |
0xFE00B010: 74 6F 20 6C 6F 61 64 20  53 2D 72 65 63 6F 72 64 |to load S-record|
0xFE00B020: 20 64 61 74 61 20 74 6F  20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | data to address|
0xFE00B030: 3A 20 25 70 20 5B 6E 6F  74 20 69 6E 20 52 41 4D |: %p [not in RAM|
0xFE00B040: 5D 0A 00 00 2A 2A 2A 20  57 61 72 6E 69 6E 67 21 |]...*** Warning!|
0xFE00B050: 20 43 68 65 63 6B 73 75  6D 20 66 61 69 6C 75 72 | Checksum failur|
0xFE00B060: 65 20 2D 20 41 64 64 72  3A 20 25 6C 78 2C 20 25 |e - Addr: %lx, %|
0xFE00B070: 30 32 6C 58 20 3C 3E 20  25 30 32 6C 58 0A 00 00 |02lX <> %02lX...|
0xFE00B080: 45 6E 74 72 79 20 70 6F  69 6E 74 3A 20 25 70 2C |Entry point: %p,|

      
    
  
 

  
    
      help
      Display help on available commands
    
    
      
        help
         topic
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              topic
              String
              Which command to provide help for.
              All commands
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      
The help command displays information about the available
RedBoot commands.  If a topic is given, then the display
is restricted to information about that specific command.
      
      
If the command has sub-commands, e.g. fis, then the topic
specific display will print additional information about the available sub-commands.
special (ICMP) packets to a specific host. These packets should be automatically
returned by that host. The command will indicate how many of these round-trips
were successfully completed.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Show generic help.  Note that the contents of this display will depend on the various configuration
options for RedBoot when it was built.

RedBoot> help
Manage aliases kept in FLASH memory
   alias name [value]
Manage machine caches
   cache [ON | OFF]
Display/switch console channel
   channel [-1|<channel number>]
Compute a 32bit checksum [POSIX algorithm] for a range of memory
   cksum -b <location> -l <length>
Display (hex dump) a range of memory
   dump -b <location> [-l <length>] [-s] [-1|-2|-4]
Manage FLASH images
   fis {cmds}
Manage configuration kept in FLASH memory
   fconfig [-i] [-l] [-n] [-f] [-d] | [-d] nickname [value]
Execute code at a location
   go [-w <timeout>] [entry]
Uncompress GZIP compressed data
   gunzip -s <location> -d <location>
Help about help?
   help [<topic>]
Read I/O location
   iopeek [-b <location>] [-1|2|4]
Write I/O location
   iopoke [-b <location>] [-1|2|4] -v <value>
Set/change IP addresses
   ip_address [-l <local_ip_address>[/<mask_length>]] [-h <server_address>]
Load a file
   load [-r] [-v] [-d] [-h <host>] [-m {TFTP | HTTP | {x|y}MODEM -c <channel_number>}]
        [-f <flash_address>] [-b <base_address>]  <file_name>
Compare two blocks of memory
   mcmp -s <location> -d <location> -l <length> [-1|-2|-4]
Fill a block of memory with a pattern
   mfill -b <location> -l <length> -p <pattern>
  [-1|-2|-4]
Network connectivity test
   ping [-v] [-n <count>] [-l <length>] [-t <timeout>] [-r <rate>]
        [-i <IP_addr>] -h <IP_addr>
Reset the system
   reset
Display RedBoot version information
   version
Display (hex dump) a range of memory
   x -b <location> [-l <length>] [-s] [-1|-2|-4]

      
      
Help about a command with sub-commands.

RedBoot> help fis
Manage FLASH images
   fis {cmds}
Create an image
  fis create -b <mem_base> -l <image_length> [-s <data_length>]
      [-f <flash_addr>] [-e <entry_point>] [-r <ram_addr>] [-n] <name>
Display an image from FLASH Image System [FIS]
  fis delete name
Erase FLASH contents
  fis erase -f <flash_addr> -l <length>
Display free [available] locations within FLASH Image System [FIS]
  fis free
Initialize FLASH Image System [FIS]
  fis init [-f]
Display contents of FLASH Image System [FIS]
  fis list [-c] [-d]
Load image from FLASH Image System [FIS] into RAM
  fis load [-d] [-b <memory_load_address>] [-c] name
Write raw data directly to FLASH
  fis write -f <flash_addr> -b <mem_base> -l <image_length>

      
    
  
 

  
  
    iopeek
    Read I/O location
  
  
    
      iopeek
      -b  location
      
        -1
        -2
        -4
      
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
          
            -b location
            I/O address
            I/O Location.
            none
          
          
            -1
            
            Access a one byte (8 bit) I/O location.
            -1
          
          
            -2
            
            Access a two byte (16 bit) I/O location.
            -1
          
          
            -4
            
            Access a one word (32 bit) I/O location.
            -1
          
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
      Reads a value from the I/O address space.
  
  
    Examples
    
Examine 8 bit value at I/O location 0x3F8.

RedBoot> iopeek -b 0x3f8
0x03f8 = 0x30


     
Examine 32 bit value at I/O location 0x3f8.

RedBoot> iopeek -b 0x3f8 -4
0x03f8 = 0x03c10065


    
  
 

  
  
    iopoke
    Write I/O location
  
  
    
      iopoke
      -b  location
      
        -1
        -2
        -4
      
      -v  value
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
          
            -b location
            I/O address
            I/O Location.
            none
          
          
            -1
            
            Access a one byte (8 bit) I/O location.
Only the 8 least significant bits of value will be used
            -1
          
          
            -2
            
            Access a two byte (16 bit) I/O location.
Only the 16 least significant bits of value will be used
            -1
          
          
            -4
            
            Access a one word (32 bit) I/O location.
            -1
          
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
      Writes a value to the I/O address space.
  
  
    Examples
    
Write 0x0123 to 16 bit I/O location 0x200.

RedBoot> iopoke -b 0x200 -v 0x123 -2


    
  
 

  
  
    gunzip
    Uncompress GZIP compressed data
  
  
    
      gunzip
      -s source
          -d destination
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
              
                -s location1
                Memory address
                Location of GZIP compressed data to uncompress.
                Value set by last load or fis load command.
              
              
                -d location2
                Memory address
                Destination to write uncompressed data to.
                none
              
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
      Uncompress GZIP compressed data.
  
  
    Examples
    
Uncompress data at location 0x100000 to 0x200000.

RedBoot> gunzip -s 0x100000 -d 0x200000
Decompressed 38804 bytes


    
  
 

  
    
      ip_address
      Set IP addresses
    
    
      
        ip_address
        -b
        -l  local_IP_address
        /netmask_length 
        -h  server_IP_address
        -d 
DNS_server_IP_address
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b
              Boolean
              Obtain an IP address using BOOTP or DHCP.
              don't use BOOTP/DHCP
            
            
              -l 
local_IP_address[/netmask_length]
              Numeric IP or DNS name
              The IP address RedBoot should use, optionally
with the network mask length.
              none
            
            
              -h 
server_IP_address
              Numeric IP or DNS name
              The IP address of the default server. Use of this
address is implied by other commands, such as
load.
              none
            
            
              -d 
DNS_server_IP_address
              Numeric IP or DNS name
              The IP address of the DNS server.
              none
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      The ip_address command is used to show and/or change the basic IP
addresses used by RedBoot. IP addresses may be given as numeric
values, e.g. 192.168.1.67, or as symbolic names such as www.redhat.com
if DNS support is enabled.
      
      
The -b option is used to cause the target to perform a bootp or dhcp negotiation to get an IP address.
      
      
The -l option is used to set the IP address used by
the target device. The network mask length can also be specified
      
      
The -h option is used to set the default server
address, such as is used by the load command.
      
      
The -d option is used to set the default DNS server
address which is used for resolving symbolic network addresses. Note
that an address of 0.0.0.0 will disable DNS lookups.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Display the current network settings.

RedBoot> ip_address
IP: 192.168.1.31, Default server: 192.168.1.101, DNS server IP: 0.0.0.0, DNS domain name:



Change the DNS server address.

RedBoot> ip_address -d 192.168.1.101
IP: 192.168.1.31, Default server: 192.168.1.101, DNS server IP: 192.168.1.101, DNS domain name:



Change the DNS domain name.

RedBoot> ip_address -D example.com
IP: 192.168.1.31, Default server: 192.168.1.101, DNS server IP: 192.168.1.101, DNS domain name: example.com



Change the default server address.

RedBoot> ip_address -h 192.168.1.104
IP: 192.168.1.31, Default server: 192.168.1.104, DNS server IP: 192.168.1.101, DNS domain name:



Set the IP address to something new, with a 255.255.255.0 netmask

RedBoot> ip_address -l 192.168.1.32/24
IP: 192.168.1.32, Default server: 192.168.1.104, DNS server IP: 192.168.1.101, DNS domain name:

      
    
  
 

  
    
      load
      Download programs or data to the RedBoot platform
    
    
      
        load
        -v 
        -d 
        -r 
        -m
          
            
              xmodem
              ymodem
              tftp
              disk
              file
            
          
        
        -h  server_IP_address
        -f  location
        -b  location
        -c  channel
        file_name
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -v
              Boolean
              Display a small spinner (indicator)
while the download is in  progress. This is just for feedback, especially
during long loads. Note that the option has no effect when using a
serial download method since it would interfere with the protocol.
              quiet
            
            
              -d
              Boolean
              Decompress data stream (gzip data)
              non-compressed data
            
            
              -r
              Boolean
              Raw (or binary) data. -b or -f must be used
              formatted (S-records, ELF image, etc)
            
            
              -m tftp
              
              Transfer data via the network using TFTP protocol.
              TFTP
            
            
              -m http
              
              Transfer data via the network using HTTP protocol.
              TFTP
            
            
              -m xmodem
              
              Transfer data using X-modem protocol.
              TFTP
            
            
              -m ymodem
              
              Transfer data using Y-modem protocol.
              TFTP
            
            
              -m disk
              
              Transfer data from a local disk.
              TFTP
            
            
              -m file
              
              Transfer data from a local filesystem such as
                     JFFS2 or FAT.
              TFTP
            
            
              -h server_IP_address
              Numeric IP or DNS name
              The IP address of the TFTP or HTTP server.
              Value set by ip_address
            
            
              -b location
              Number
              Address in memory to load the data.  Formatted data streams will have
an implied load address which this option may override.
              Depends on data format
            
            
              -f location
              Number
              Address in flash to load the data.  Formatted data streams will have
an implied load address which this option may override.
              Depends on data format
            
            
              -c channel
              Number
              Specify which I/O channel to
use for download.  This option is only supported when using either
xmodem or ymodem protocol.
              Depends on data format
            
            
              file_name
              String
              The name of the file on the TFTP or HTTP
server or the local disk. Details of how this is specified for TFTP are
host-specific. For local disk files, the name must be in disk:
filename format. The disk portion must match one of the disk
names listed by the disks command.
              None
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      
The load command is used to download
data into the target system. Data can be loaded via a network connection,
using either the TFTP or HTTP protocols, or the console serial connection using the
X/Y modem protocol. Files may also be loaded directly from local filesystems
on disk. Files to be downloaded may either be executable images in
ELF executable program format,
Motorola S-record (SREC)
format or raw data.
      
      
        Note
        
When downloading an ELF image, RedBoot will forcibly terminate the transfer
once all the relevant (loadable) ELF sections have been received. This
behaviour reduces download time when using the X/Y modem protocol
over a slow serial connection. However, the terminal emulator may report
that the transfer is incomplete and has been cancelled. Such messages
are normal and may be ignored.
        
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Download a Motorola S-record (or ELF) image, using TFTP, specifying the
base memory address.

RedBoot> load redboot.ROM -b 0x8c400000
Address offset = 0x0c400000
Entry point: 0x80000000, address range: 0x80000000-0x8000fe80

      
      
Download a Motorola S-record (or ELF) image, using HTTP, specifying the
host [server] address.

RedBoot> load /redboot.ROM -m HTTP -h 192.168.1.104
Address offset = 0x0c400000
Entry point: 0x80000000, address range: 0x80000000-0x8000fe80

      
      
Load an ELF file from /dev/hda1 which should be an EXT2 partition:

RedBoot> load -mode disk hda1:hello.elf
Entry point: 0x00020000, address range: 0x00020000-0x0002fd70

      
      
Load an ELF file from /jffs2/applications which should be a directory
in a JFFS2 filesystem:

RedBoot> load -mode file /jffs2/applications/hello.elf
Entry point: 0x00020000, address range: 0x00020000-0x0002fd70

      
    
  
 

  
    
      mcmp
      Compare two segments of memory
    
    
      
        mcmp
            -s location1
            -d location1
            -l length
          
            -1
            -2
            -4
          
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -s location1
              Memory address
              Location for start of data.
              none
            
            
              -d location2
              Memory address
              Location for start of data.
              none
            
            
              -l length
              Number
              Length of data
              none
            
            
              -1
              
              Access one byte (8 bits) at a time.
Only the least significant 8 bits of the pattern will be used.
              -4
            
            
              -2
              
              Access two bytes (16 bits) at a time.
Only the least significant 16 bits of the pattern will be used.
              -4
            
            
              -4
              
              Access one word (32 bits) at a time.
              -4
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
        Compares the contents of two ranges of memory (RAM, ROM, FLASH, etc).
    
    
      Examples
      
Compare two buffers which match (result is quiet).

RedBoot> mfill -b 0x100000 -l 0x20 -p 0xDEADFACE
RedBoot> mfill -b 0x200000 -l 0x20 -p 0xDEADFACE
RedBoot> mcmp -s 0x100000 -d 0x200000 -l 0x20



Compare two buffers which don't match.
Only the first non-matching element is displayed.

RedBoot> mcmp -s 0x100000 -d 0x200000 -l 0x30 -2
Buffers don't match - 0x00100020=0x6000, 0x00200020=0x0000

      
    
  
 

  
    
      mcopy
      Copy memory
    
    
      
        mcopy
            -s source
            -d destination
            -l length
          
            -1
            -2
            -4
          
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -s location1
              Memory address
              Location of data to copy.
              none
            
            
              -d location2
              Memory address
              Destination for copied data.
              none
            
            
              -l length
              Number
              Length of data
              none
            
            
              -1
              
              Copy one byte (8 bits) at a time.
              -4
            
            
              -2
              
              Copy two bytes (16 bits) at a time.
              -4
            
            
              -4
              
              Copy one word (32 bits) at a time.
              -4
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
        Copies memory (RAM, ROM, FLASH, etc) from one area to another.
    
    
      Examples
      
Copy 16 bits at a time.

RedBoot> mfill -b 0x100000 -l 0x20 -2 -p 0xDEAD
RedBoot> mfill -b 0x200000 -l 0x20 -2 -p 0x0
RedBoot> dump  -b 0x200000 -l 0x20 -2
00200000: 0000 0000 0000 0000  0000 0000 0000 0000
00200010: 0000 0000 0000 0000  0000 0000 0000 0000
RedBoot> mcopy -s 0x100000 -d 0x200000 -2 -l 0x20
RedBoot> dump  -b 0x200000 -l 0x20 -2
00200000: DEAD DEAD DEAD DEAD  DEAD DEAD DEAD DEAD
00200010: DEAD DEAD DEAD DEAD  DEAD DEAD DEAD DEAD


    
  
 

  
    
      mfill
      Fill RAM with a specified pattern
    
    
      
        mfill
            -b location
            -l length
            -p value
          
            -1
            -2
            -4
          
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b location
              Memory address
              Location in memory for start of data.
              none
            
            
              -l length
              Number
              Length of data
              none
            
            
              -p pattern
              Number
              Data value to fill with
              0
            
            
              -1
              
              Access one byte (8 bits) at a time.
Only the least significant 8 bits of the pattern will be used.
              -4
            
            
              -2
              
              Access two bytes (16 bits) at a time.
Only the least significant 16 bits of the pattern will be used.
              -4
            
            
              -4
              
              Access one word (32 bits) at a time.
              -4
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
        Fills a range of memory with the given pattern.
    
    
      Examples
      
Fill a buffer with zeros.

RedBoot> x -b 0x100000 -l 0x20
00100000: 00 3E 00 06 00 06 00 06  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.>..............|
00100010: 00 00 00 78 00 70 00 60  00 60 00 60 00 60 00 60  |...x.p.`.`.`.`.`|
RedBoot> mfill -b 0x100000 -l 0x20
RedBoot> x -b 0x100000 -l 0x20
00100000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00100010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|



Fill a buffer with a pattern.

RedBoot> mfill -b 0x100000 -l 0x20 -p 0xDEADFACE
RedBoot> x -b 0x100000 -l 0x20
00100000: CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  |................|
00100010: CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  CE FA AD DE CE FA AD DE  |................|

      
    
  
 

  
    
      ping
      Verify network connectivity
    
    
      
        ping
        -v 
        -i  local_IP_address
        -l  length
        -n  count
        -t  timeout
        -r  rate
        -h  server_IP_address
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -v
              Boolean
              Be verbose, displaying information about each packet sent.
              quiet
            
            
              -n local_IP_address
              Number
              Controls the number of packets to be sent.
              10
            
            
              -i local_IP_address
              Numeric IP or DNS name
              The IP address RedBoot should use.
              Value set by ip_address
            
            
              -h server_IP_address
              Numeric IP or DNS name
              The IP address of the host to contact.
              none
            
            
              -l length
              Number
              The length of the ICMP data payload.
              64
            
            
              -r length
              Number
              How fast to deliver packets, i.e. time between successive sends.
A value of 0 sends packets as quickly as possible.
              1000ms (1 second)
            
            
              -t length
              Number
              How long to wait for the round-trip to complete, specified in milliseconds.
              1000ms (1 second)
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      
The ping command checks the connectivity of the local network by sending
special (ICMP) packets to a specific host. These packets should be automatically
returned by that host. The command will indicate how many of these round-trips
were successfully completed.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Test connectivity to host 192.168.1.101.

RedBoot> ping -h 192.168.1.101
Network PING - from 192.168.1.31 to 192.168.1.101
PING - received 10 of 10 expected



Test connectivity to host 192.168.1.101, with verbose reporting.

RedBoot> ping -h 192.168.1.101 -v -n 4
Network PING - from 192.168.1.31 to 192.168.1.101
 seq: 1, time: 1 (ticks)
 seq: 2, time: 1 (ticks)
 seq: 3, time: 1 (ticks)
 seq: 4, time: 1 (ticks)
PING - received 10 of 10 expected




Test connectivity to a non-existent host (192.168.1.109).
RedBoot> ping -h 192.168.1.109 -v -n 4
PING: Cannot reach server '192.168.1.109' (192.168.1.109)

      
    
  
 

  
    
      reset
      Reset the device
    
    
      
        reset
      
    
    
      Arguments
None
    
    
      Description
      
The reset command causes the target platform to be reset.
Where possible (hardware support permitting), this will be
equivalent to a power-on reset condition.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Reset the platform.

RedBoot> reset
... Resetting.+... Waiting for network card: .
Socket Communications, Inc: Low Power Ethernet CF Revision C 5V/3.3V 08/27/98
Ethernet eth0: MAC address 00:c0:1b:00:ba:28
IP: 192.168.1.29, Default server: 192.168.1.101
 
RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROM]
Non-certified release, version UNKNOWN - built 10:41:41, May 14 2002
 
Platform: Compaq iPAQ Pocket PC (StrongARM 1110)
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
RAM: 0x00000000-0x01fc0000, 0x00014748-0x01f71000 available
FLASH: 0x50000000 - 0x51000000, 64 blocks of 0x00040000 bytes each.
RedBoot>

      
    
  
 
 

  
    
      version
      Display RedBoot version information
    
    
      
        version
      
    
    
      Arguments
      None
    
    
      Description
      The version command simply displays version information about RedBoot.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Display RedBoot's version.

RedBoot> version
RedBoot(tm) debug environment - built 09:12:03, Feb 12 2001
Platform: XYZ (PowerPC 860)
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
RAM: 0x00000000-0x00400000

      
    
  
 

 

Flash Image System (FIS)
commandsflash image system
flash image system commands
commandsfis
fis commandsIf the platform
has flash memory, RedBoot can use this for image storage. Executable images,
as well as data, can be stored in flash in a simple file store. The 
fis command (fis is short for Flash Image System) is used to
manipulate and maintain flash images.

 

 
  
    
      fis init
      Initialize Flash Image System (FIS)
    
    
      
        fis init
        -f
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -f
              
              All blocks of flash memory (except for the boot
              blocks) will be erased as part of the initialization
              procedure.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
 
       This command is used to initialize the Flash Image System
       (FIS). It should normally only be executed once, when RedBoot
       is first installed on the hardware. If the reserved images or
       their sizes in the FIS change, due to a different configuration
       of RedBoot being used, it may be necessary to issue the command
       again though.
 
        Subsequent executions will cause loss of
       previously stored information in the FIS.
     
    
    
      Examples
      
Initialize the FIS directory.

RedBoot> fis init
About to initialize [format] flash image system - continue (y/n)? y
*** Initialize FLASH Image System
    Warning: device contents not erased, some blocks may not be usable
... Erase from 0x00070000-0x00080000: .
... Program from 0x0606f000-0x0607f000 at 0x00070000: .


 
      
Initialize the FIS directory and all of flash memory, except for first
blocks of the flash where the boot monitor resides.

RedBoot> fis init -f
About to initialize [format] flash image system - continue (y/n)? y
*** Initialize FLASH Image System
... Erase from 0x00020000-0x00070000: .....
... Erase from 0x00080000-0x00080000:
... Erase from 0x00070000-0x00080000: .
... Program from 0x0606f000-0x0607f000 at 0x00070000: .




 

  
    
      fis list
      List Flash Image System directory
    
    
      
        fis list
        -c
        -d
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -c
              
              Show image checksum instead of memory address
              (column Mem addr is
              replaced by
              Checksum).
              
            
            
              -d
              
              Show image data length instead of amount of flash
              occupied by image (column
              Length is replaced by
              Datalen).
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command lists the images currently available in the FIS. Certain
images used by RedBoot have fixed names and have reserved slots in the
FIS (these can be seen after using the fis init
command). Other images can be manipulated by the user.
The images are listed in the order they appear in the FIS
directory, not by name or creation time.
    
 
    
      Examples
      
List the FIS directory.

RedBoot> fis list
Name              FLASH addr  Mem addr    Length      Entry point
RedBoot           0x00000000  0x00000000  0x00020000  0x00000000
RedBoot config    0x0007F000  0x0007F000  0x00001000  0x00000000
FIS directory     0x00070000  0x00070000  0x0000F000  0x00000000


 
      
List the FIS directory, with image checksums substituted for
memory addresses.

RedBoot> fis list -c
Name              FLASH addr  Checksum    Length      Entry point
RedBoot           0x00000000  0x00000000  0x00020000  0x00000000
RedBoot config    0x0007F000  0x00000000  0x00001000  0x00000000
FIS directory     0x00070000  0x00000000  0x0000F000  0x00000000


 
      
List the FIS directory with image data lengths substituted for flash
block reservation lengths.

RedBoot> fis list -d
Name              FLASH addr  Mem addr    Datalen     Entry point
RedBoot           0x00000000  0x00000000  0x00000000  0x00000000
RedBoot config    0x0007F000  0x0007F000  0x00000000  0x00000000
FIS directory     0x00070000  0x00070000  0x00000000  0x00000000




 

 
  
    
      fis free
      Free flash image
    
    
      
        fis free
      
    
    
      Description
 
 
This command shows which areas of the flash memory are currently
not in use. When a block contains non-erased contents it is considered
in use. Since it is possible to force an image to be loaded at a
particular flash location, this command can be used to check whether
that location is in use by any other image.
 
There is currently no cross-checking between actual flash
contents and the FIS directory, which mans that there could be a
segment of flash which is not erased that does not correspond to a
named image, or vice-versa.
    
 
    
      Examples
      
Show free flash areas.

RedBoot> fis free
        0xA0040000 .. 0xA07C0000
        0xA0840000 .. 0xA0FC0000



 

 
  
    
      fis create
      Create flash image
    
    
      
        fis create
        -b  data address
        -l  length
        -f  flash address
        -e  entry
        -r  relocation address
        -s  data length
        -n 
        name
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b
              Number
              Address of data to be written to the flash.
              Address of last loaded file. If not set in a load
              operation, it must be specified.
            
            
              -l
              Number
              Length of flash area to occupy. If specified, and
              the named image already exists, the length must match
              the value in the FIS directory.
              Length of area reserved in FIS directory if the
              image already exists, or the length of the last loaded
              file. If neither are set, it must be specified.
            
            
              -f
              Number
              Address of flash area to occopy.
              The address of an area reserved in the FIS
              directory for extant images. Otherwise the first free block
              which is large enough will be used.
            
            
              -e
              Number
              Entry address for an executable image, used by
              the fis load command.
              The entry address of last loaded file.
            
            
              -r
              Number
              Address where the image should be relocated to by
              the fis load command. This is only
              relevant for images that will be loaded with the
              fis load command.
              The load address of the last loaded file.
            
            
              -s
              Number
              Actual length of data written to image. This is
              used to control the range over which the checksum is
              made.
              It defaults to the length of the last loaded
              file.
            
            
              -n
              
              When set, no image data will be written to the
              flash. Only the FIS directory will be updated.
              
            
            
              name
              String
              Name of flash image.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command creates an image in the FIS directory. The data for the
image must exist in RAM memory before the copy. Typically, you would use the
RedBoot load command to load file into
RAM and then the fis create command to write
it to a flash image.

 
    
      Examples
      Trying to create an extant image, will require the action
      to be verified.

RedBoot> fis create RedBoot -f 0xa0000000 -b 0x8c400000 -l 0x20000
An image named ‘RedBoot’ exists - continue (y/n)? n


 
Create a new test image, let the command find a suitable place.

RedBoot> fis create junk -b 0x8c400000 -l 0x20000
... Erase from 0xa0040000-0xa0060000: .
... Program from 0x8c400000-0x8c420000 at 0xa0040000: .
... Erase from 0xa0fe0000-0xa1000000: .
... Program from 0x8c7d0000-0x8c7f0000 at 0xa0fe0000: .


 
Update the RedBoot[RAM] image.

RedBoot> load redboot_RAM.img
Entry point: 0x060213c0, address range: 0x06020000-0x06036cc0
RedBoot> fis create RedBoot[RAM]
No memory address set.
An image named 'RedBoot[RAM]' exists - continue (y/n)? y
* CAUTION * about to program 'RedBoot[RAM]'
            at 0x00020000..0x00036cbf from 0x06020000 - continue (y/n)? y
... Erase from 0x00020000-0x00040000: ..
... Program from 0x06020000-0x06036cc0 at 0x00020000: ..
... Erase from 0x00070000-0x00080000: .
... Program from 0x0606f000-0x0607f000 at 0x00070000: .




 

 
  
    
      fis load
      Load flash image
    
    
      
        fis load
        -b  load address
        -c 
        -d 
        name
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -b
              Number
              Address the image should be loaded to. Executable
              images normally load at the location to which the file
              was linked. This option allows the image to be loaded to
              a specific memory location, possibly overriding any
              assumed location.
              If not specified, the address associated with the
              image in the FIS directory will be used.
            
            
              -c
              
              Compute and print the checksum of the image data
              after it has been loaded into memory.
            
            
              -d
              
              Decompress gzipped image while copying it from
              flash to RAM.
            
            
              name
              String
              The name of the file, as shown in the FIS
              directory.
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command is used to transfer an image from flash memory to RAM.

Once the image has been loaded, it may be executed using the
go command.

 
    
      Examples
Load and run RedBoot[RAM] image.

RedBoot> fis load RedBoot[RAM]
RedBoot> go




 

 
  
    
      fis delete
      Delete flash image
    
    
      
        fis delete
        name
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              name
              Number
              Name of image that should be deleted.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command removes an image from the FIS. The flash memory will be
erased as part of the execution of this command, as well as removal of the
name from the FIS directory.
 
Certain images are reserved by RedBoot and cannot be deleted.
RedBoot will issue a warning if this is attempted.

    
      Examples


RedBoot> fis list
Name              flash addr   Mem addr    Length    Entry point
RedBoot          0xA0000000   0xA0000000  0x020000  0x80000000
RedBoot config   0xA0FC0000   0xA0FC0000  0x020000  0x00000000
FIS directory    0xA0FE0000   0xA0FE0000  0x020000  0x00000000
junk             0xA0040000   0x8C400000  0x020000  0x80000000
RedBoot> fis delete junk
Delete image ‘junk’ - continue (y/n)? y
... Erase from 0xa0040000-0xa0060000: .
... Erase from 0xa0fe0000-0xa1000000: .
... Program from 0x8c7d0000-0x8c7f0000 at 0xa0fe0000: .




 

 
  
    
      fis lock
      Lock flash area
    
    
      
        fis lock
        -f flash_address
        -l length
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              flash_address
              Number
              Address of area to be locked.
              
            
            
              length
              Number
              Length of area to be locked.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command is used to write-protect (lock) a portion of flash memory,
to prevent accidental overwriting of images. In order to make any modifications
to the flash, a matching fis unlock command must be
issued. This command is optional and will only be provided on hardware
which can support write-protection of the flash space.

Depending on the system, attempting to write to write-protected flash
may generate errors or warnings, or be benignly quiet.  


 
    
      Examples
Lock an area of the flash

RedBoot> fis lock -f 0xa0040000 -l 0x20000
... Lock from 0xa0040000-0xa0060000: .




 

 
  
    
      fis unlock
      Unlock flash area
    
    
      
        fis unlock
        -f flash_address
        -l length
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              flash_address
              Number
              Address of area to be unlocked.
              
            
            
              length
              Number
              Length of area to be unlocked.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command is used to unlock a portion of flash memory forcibly, allowing
it to be updated. It must be issued for regions which have been locked before
the FIS can reuse those portions of flash.

Some flash devices power up in locked state and always need to
be manually unlocked before they can be written to.

 
    
      Examples
Unlock an area of the flash

RedBoot> fis unlock -f 0xa0040000 -l 0x20000
... Unlock from 0xa0040000-0xa0060000: .




 

 
  
    
      fis erase
      Erase flash area
    
    
      
        fis erase
        -f flash_address
        -l length
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              flash_address
              Number
              Address of area to be erased.
              
            
            
              length
              Number
              Length of area to be erased.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command is used to erase a portion of flash memory forcibly. There
is no cross-checking to ensure that the area being erased does not correspond
to an existing image.

 
    
      Examples
Erase an area of the flash

RedBoot> fis erase -f 0xa0040000 -l 0x20000
... Erase from 0xa0040000-0xa0060000: .




 

 
  
    
      fis write
      Write flash area
    
    
      
        fis write
        -b mem_address
        -l length
        -f flash_address
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              mem_address
              Number
              Address of data to be written to flash.
              
            
            
              length
              Number
              Length of data to be writtem.
              
            
            
              flash_address
              Number
              Address of flash to write to.
              
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
This command is used to write data from memory to flash. There
is no cross-checking to ensure that the area being written to does not
correspond to an existing image.

 
    
      Examples
Write an area of data to the flash

RedBoot> fis write -b 0x0606f000 -l 0x1000 -f 0x00020000
* CAUTION * about to program FLASH
            at 0x00020000..0x0002ffff from 0x0606f000 - continue (y/n)? y
... Erase from 0x00020000-0x00030000: .
... Program from 0x0606f000-0x0607f000 at 0x00020000: .





 

Filesystem Interface
 

commandsfilesystem access
filesystem commands
commandsfs
fs commands
 
If the platform has access to secondary storage, then RedBoot may be
able to access a filesystem stored on this device. RedBoot can access
FAT filesystems stored on IDE disks or CompactFlash devices and can
use JFFS2 filesystems stored in FLASH memory. The
fs command is used to manipulate files on
filesystems. Applications may be loaded into memory using the
file mode of the load command.

 

 

  
    fs info
    Print filesystem information
  
  
    
      fs info
    
  
  
    Arguments
      
        The command takes no arguments.
      
  
  
    Description
This command prints information about the filesystems that are
available. Three lists are produced. The first is a list of the
filsystem implementations available in RedBoot; names from this list
may be used in the -t option to the fs
mount command. The second list describes the block devices
that are available for mounting a filesystem; names from this list may
be used in the -d option to the fs
mount command. The last list describes the filesystems that
are already mounted.


 
  
    Examples
    

RedBoot> fs info
Filesystems available:
ramfs
jffs2
 
Devices available:
/dev/flash1
 
Mounted filesystems:
         Device Filesystem Mounted on
    <undefined>      ramfs /
    /dev/flash1      jffs2 /flash
RedBoot>
    
  

 

 

  
    fs mount
    Mount a filesystem
  
  
    
      fs mount
      -d device
      -t fstype
      mountpoint
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
          
            device
            Number
            Device containing filsystem to mount.
            undefined
          
          
            fstype
            Number
            Filesystem type.
            
          
            
              mountpoint
              String
              Pathname for filesystem root.
              /
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command is used make a filesystem available for access with
the filesystem access commands. Three things need to be defined to do
this. First, the name of the device on which the filesystem is stored
needs to be given to the -d option. Secondly,
the type of filesystem it is needs to be given to the
-t option. Finally, the pathname by which the
new filesystem will be accessed needs to be supplied. Following a
successful mount, the root of the filesystem will be accessible
at the mountpoint.


 
  
    Examples
Mount a JFF2 partititon:

RedBoot> fs info
Filesystems available:
ramfs
jffs2
 
Devices available:
/dev/flash1
 
Mounted filesystems:
         Device Filesystem Mounted on
    <undefined>      ramfs /
RedBoot> fs mount -d /dev/flash1 -t jffs2 /flash
RedBoot> fs info
Filesystems available:
ramfs
jffs2
 
Devices available:
/dev/flash1
 
Mounted filesystems:
         Device Filesystem Mounted on
    <undefined>      ramfs /
    /dev/flash1      jffs2 /flash
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs umount
    Unmount filesystem
  
  
    
      fs umount
      mountpoint
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              mountpoint
              String
              Mountpoint of filesystem to unmount.
              
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command removes a filesystem from being accessible using
the filesystem commands. The single argument needs to be the
mountpoint that was used when mounting the filesystem. This command
will fail if the current directory is currently within the filesystem
to be unmounted.


 
  
    Examples
Unmount a JFF2 partititon:

RedBoot> fs info
Filesystems available:
ramfs
jffs2
 
Devices available:
/dev/flash1
 
Mounted filesystems:
         Device Filesystem Mounted on
    <undefined>      ramfs /
    /dev/flash1      jffs2 /flash
RedBoot> fs umount /flash
RedBoot> fs info
Filesystems available:
ramfs
jffs2
 
Devices available:
/dev/flash1
 
Mounted filesystems:
         Device Filesystem Mounted on
    <undefined>      ramfs /
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs cd
    Change filesystem directory
  
  
    
      fs cd
      directory
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              directory
              String
              Pathname to directory to change to.
              Root directory
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command changes the current filesystem
directory. Subsequent filesystem commands will be executed in the new
directory. If no argument is given, then the current directory is set
back to the root of the filesystem name space.


 
  
    Examples
    Change current directory:

RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  3 size    128 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
211392 d---------  2 size     96 tests
210368 ----------  1 size   4096 image
RedBoot> fs cd tests
RedBoot> fs list
211392 d---------  2 size     96 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
205760 ----------  1 size  16384 test1
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs mkdir
    Create filesystem directory
  
  
    
      fs mkdir
      directory
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              directory
              String
              Pathname to directory to delete.
              
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command creates (makes) a directory in the filesystem.


 
  
    Examples
    Create directory:

RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  2 size    128 .
212416 d---------  2 size    128 ..
210368 ----------  1 size   4096 image
RedBoot> fs mkdir tests
RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  3 size    128 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
211392 d---------  2 size     64 tests
210368 ----------  1 size   4096 image
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs deldir
    Delete filesystem directory
  
  
    
      fs deldir
      directory
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              directory
              String
              Pathname to directory to delete.
              
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command deletes a directory from the filesystem. If the
directory contains files or other directories then this command will
fail.


 
  
    Examples
    Delete directory:

RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  3 size    128 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
211392 d---------  2 size     96 tests
210368 ----------  1 size   4096 image
RedBoot> fs deldir tests
RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  2 size    128 .
212416 d---------  2 size    128 ..
210368 ----------  1 size   4096 image
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs del
    Delete file
  
  
    
      fs del
      file
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              file
              String
              Pathname of file to delete.
              
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command deletes a file from the filesystem.


 
  
    Examples
    Change current directory:

RedBoot> fs list tests
211392 d---------  2 size     96 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
205760 ----------  1 size  16384 test1
RedBoot> fs del tests/test1
RedBoot> fs list tests
211392 d---------  2 size     96 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs move
    Move file
  
  
    
      fs move
      source
      dest
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              source
              String
              Pathname of file to move.
              
            
            
              dest
              String
              Pathname to new file location.
              
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command moves a file within a filesystem. This command will
fail if the destination file already exists, or is in a different
filesystem.


 
  
    Examples
    Rename a file:

RedBoot> fs list tests
211392 d---------  2 size     96 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
205760 ----------  1 size  12288 test1
RedBoot> fs move tests/test1 tests/test2
RedBoot> fs list tests
211392 d---------  2 size    128 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
205760 ----------  1 size  12288 test2
RedBoot>

    
  

 

 

  
    fs list
    List filesystem directory
  
  
    
      fs list
      directory
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
            
              directory
              String
              Pathname to directory to list.
              Current directory
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command prints a list of the contents of the named
directory. Each line of the listing starts with the file's inode
number, which is its address in the filesystem. Following is a set of
UNIX-like access flags, the first character of this will be a
”d“ if this entry is a directory. The third item indicates
the number of links to the file. Following this is the size of the
file in bytes and the last item is its name.


 
  
    Examples
    List the current directory:

RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  3 size    128 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
211392 ----------  1 size   4096 image
206784 d---------  2 size     96 tests
RedBoot>

    

List a subdirectory:

RedBoot> fs list tests
206784 d---------  2 size     96 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
205760 ----------  1 size  16384 test1
RedBoot>


  

 

 

  
    fs write
    Write to filesystem
  
  
    
      fs write
      -b mem_address
      -l length
      name
    
  
  
    Arguments
    
      
        
        
        
        
        
          
            Name
            Type
            Description
            Default
          
        
        
          
            mem_address
            Number
            Address of data to be written to flash.
            Address of last loaded file. If not set by a load
            operation it must be specified.
          
          
            length
            Number
            Length of data to be written.
            Length of last loaded file.
          
            
              name
              String
              Name of file to create.
              
            
        
      
    
  
  
    Description
This command is used to write data from memory to a file. If the
file does not exist it will be created. If it does exist, then it will
be overwritten with the new contents.

 
  
    Examples
Write an area of data to a file

RedBoot> fs write -b 0x0606f000 -l 0x1000 image
RedBoot> fs list
212416 d---------  3 size    128 .
212416 d---------  3 size    128 ..
211392 ----------  1 size   4096 image
206784 d---------  2 size     96 tests
RedBoot>

    
  

 
 
 

 
 

Persistent State Flash-based Configuration and Control
persistent state flash-based configuration and control
flash-based configuration and control
configuration and control
flash-based
RedBoot provides flash management support for storage in the flash memory
of multiple executable images and of non-volatile information such as IP addresses
and other network information.
RedBoot on platforms that support flash based configuration information
will report the following message the first time that RedBoot is booted on
the target:
flash configuration checksum error or invalid key
This error can be ignored if no flash based configuration is desired,
or can be silenced by running the fconfig
command as described below. At this point you may also wish to run the 
fis init command. See other fis commands in .

Certain control and configuration information used by RedBoot can be
stored in flash. 
The details of what information is maintained in flash differ, based
on the platform and the configuration. However, the basic operation used to
maintain this information is the same. Using the fconfig -l
 command, the information may be displayed and/or changed.

If the optional flag -i is specified,
then the configuration database will be reset to its default
state. This is also needed the first time RedBoot is installed on the
target, or when updating to a newer RedBoot with different
configuration keys.

If the optional flag -l is specified,
the configuration data is simply listed. Otherwise, each configuration parameter
will be displayed and you are given a chance to change it. The entire value
must be typed - typing just carriage return will leave a value unchanged.
Boolean values may be entered using the first letter (t
for true, f for false). At any time the editing
process may be stopped simply by entering a period (.) on the line. Entering
the caret (^) moves the editing back to the previous item. See “RedBoot
Editing Commands”, . 
If any changes are made in the configuration, then the updated data
will be written back to flash after getting acknowledgment from the user.


If the optional flag -n is specified
(with or without -l) then “nicknames”
of the entries are used.  These are shorter and less descriptive than
“full” names.  The full name may also be displayed by adding the
-f flag.
The reason for telling you nicknames is that a quick way to set a single
entry is provided, using the format

  RedBoot> fconfig nickname value

If no
value is supplied, the command will list and prompt for only that entry.
If a value is supplied, then the entry will be set to that value.  You will
be prompted whether to write the new information into flash if any change
was made.  For example

  RedBoot> fconfig -l -n
  boot_script: false
  bootp: false
  bootp_my_ip: 10.16.19.176
  bootp_server_ip: 10.16.19.66
  dns_ip: 10.16.19.1
  gdb_port: 9000
  net_debug: false
  RedBoot> fconfig bootp_my_ip 10.16.19.177
  bootp_my_ip: 10.16.19.176 Setting to 10.16.19.177
  Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? y
  ... Unlock from 0x507c0000-0x507e0000: .
  ... Erase from 0x507c0000-0x507e0000: .
  ... Program from 0x0000a8d0-0x0000acd0 at 0x507c0000: .
  ... Lock from 0x507c0000-0x507e0000: .
  RedBoot>


Additionally, nicknames can be used like aliases via the format %{nickname}.
This allows the values stored by fconfig to be used
directly by scripts and commands.

Depending on how your terminal program is connected and its
capabilities, you might find that you are unable to use line-editing to
delete the ‘old’ value when using the default behaviour of
fconfig nickname or just
plain fconfig, as shown in this example:

RedBoot> fco bootp
bootp: false_

The user deletes the word “false;&rdquo and enters “true”
so the display looks like this:

RedBoot> fco bootp
bootp: true
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? y
... Unlock from ...
RedBoot> _


To edit when you cannot backspace, use the optional flag
-d (for “dumb terminal”)
to provide a simpler interface thus:

RedBoot> fco -d bootp
bootp: false ? _

and you enter the value in the obvious manner thus:

RedBoot> fco -d bootp
bootp: false ? true
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? y
... Unlock from ...
RedBoot> _


One item which is always present in the configuration data is the ability
to execute a script at boot time. A sequence of RedBoot commands can be entered
which will be executed when the system starts up. Optionally, a time-out period
can be provided which allows the user to abort the startup script and proceed
with normal command processing from the console.     

RedBoot> fconfig -l
Run script at boot: false
Use BOOTP for network configuration: false
Local IP address: 192.168.1.29
Default server IP address: 192.168.1.101
DNS server IP address: 192.168.1.1
DNS domain name: example.com
GDB connection port: 9000
Network debug at boot time: false

The following example sets a boot script and then shows it running.
    


RedBoot> fconfig
Run script at boot: false t
      Boot script:
Enter script, terminate with empty line
>> fi li
    Boot script timeout: 0 10
Use BOOTP for network configuration: false .
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? y
... Erase from 0xa0fc0000-0xa0fe0000: .
... Program from 0x8c021f60-0x8c022360 at 0xa0fc0000: .
RedBoot>
RedBoot(tm) debug environment - built 08:22:24, Aug 23 2000
Copyright (C) 2000, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
 
RAM: 0x8c000000-0x8c800000
flash: 0xa0000000 - 0xa1000000, 128 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes ea.
Socket Communications, Inc: Low Power Ethernet CF Revision C \
5V/3.3V 08/27/98 IP: 192.168.1.29, Default server: 192.168.1.101 \
== Executing boot script in 10 seconds - enter ^C to abort
RedBoot> fi li
Name              flash addr   Mem addr    Length    Entry point
RedBoot          0xA0000000   0xA0000000  0x020000  0x80000000
RedBoot config   0xA0FC0000   0xA0FC0000  0x020000  0x00000000
FIS directory    0xA0FE0000   0xA0FE0000  0x020000  0x00000000
RedBoot>


NOTE
The bold characters above indicate where something was entered on the
console. As you can see, the fi li command
at the end came from the script,
not the console. Once the script is executed, command processing reverts to
the console. 


NOTE

RedBoot supports the notion of a boot script timeout, i.e. a period of
time that RedBoot waits before executing the boot time script.  This period
is primarily to allow the possibility of canceling the script.  Since
a timeout value of zero (0) seconds would never allow the script to
be aborted or canceled, this value is not allowed.  If the timeout
value is zero, then RedBoot will abort the script execution immediately.


On many targets, RedBoot may be configured to run from ROM or it may be
configured to run from RAM. Other configurations are also possible. All
RedBoot configurations will execute the boot script, but in certain cases
it may be desirable to limit the execution of certain script commands to
one RedBoot configuration or the other. This can be accomplished by
prepending {<startup type>} to the
commands which should be executed only by the RedBoot configured for the
specified startup type. The following boot script illustrates this concept
by having the ROM based RedBoot load and run the RAM based RedBoot. The RAM
based RedBoot will then list flash images.

RedBoot> fco
Run script at boot: false t
Boot script:
Enter script, terminate with empty line
>> {ROM}fis load RedBoot[RAM]
>> {ROM}go
>> {RAM}fis li
>>
Boot script timeout (1000ms resolution): 2
Use BOOTP for network configuration: false
 ...
Update RedBoot non-volatile configuration - continue (y/n)? y
... Unlock from 0x007c0000-0x007e0000: .
... Erase from 0x007c0000-0x007e0000: .
... Program from 0xa0015030-0xa0016030 at 0x007df000: .
... Lock from 0x007c0000-0x007e0000: .
RedBoot> reset
... Resetting.
+Ethernet eth0: MAC address 00:80:4d:46:01:05
IP: 192.168.1.153, Default server: 192.168.1.10
 
RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [ROM]
Red Hat certified release, version R1.xx - built 17:37:36, Aug 14 2001
 
Platform: IQ80310 (XScale)
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
RAM: 0xa0000000-0xa2000000, 0xa001b088-0xa1fdf000 available
FLASH: 0x00000000 - 0x00800000, 64 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
== Executing boot script in 2.000 seconds - enter ^C to abort
RedBoot> fis load RedBoot[RAM]
RedBoot> go
+Ethernet eth0: MAC address 00:80:4d:46:01:05
IP: 192.168.1.153, Default server: 192.168.1.10
 
RedBoot(tm) bootstrap and debug environment [RAM]
Red Hat certified release, version R1.xx - built 13:03:47, Aug 14 2001
 
Platform: IQ80310 (XScale)
Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
RAM: 0xa0000000-0xa2000000, 0xa0057fe8-0xa1fdf000 available
FLASH: 0x00000000 - 0x00800000, 64 blocks of 0x00020000 bytes each.
== Executing boot script in 2.000 seconds - enter ^C to abort
RedBoot> fis li
Name              FLASH addr  Mem addr    Length      Entry point
RedBoot           0x00000000  0x00000000  0x00040000  0x00002000
RedBoot config    0x007DF000  0x007DF000  0x00001000  0x00000000
FIS directory     0x007E0000  0x007E0000  0x00020000  0x00000000
RedBoot>



Executing Programs from RedBoot
executing programs
RedBootexecuting programsOnce
an image has been loaded into memory, either via the load
 command or the fis load
command, execution may be transfered to that image.
  NOTE
The image is assumed to be a stand-alone entity, as RedBoot gives the
entire platform over to it. Typical examples would be an eCos application
or a Linux kernel.

 
 

  
    
      go
      Execute a program
    
    
      
        go
        -w  timeout
        -c
        -n
         start_address
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -w timeout
              Number
              How long to wait before starting execution.
              0
            
            
              -c
              Boolean
              Go with caches enabled.
              caches off
            
            
              -n
              Boolean
              Go with network interface stopped.
              network enabled
            
            
              start_address
              Number
              Address in memory to begin execution.
              Value set by last load or fis load command.
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      
The go command causes RedBoot to give control of the target platform to
another program.  This program must execute stand alone, e.g. an eCos
application or a Linux kernel.
      
      
If the -w option is used, RedBoot will print a message and then
wait for a period of time before starting the execution.  This is
most useful in a script, giving the user a chance to abort executing
a program and move on in the script.
      
    
    
      Examples
      
Execute a program - no explicit output from RedBoot.

RedBoot> go 0x40040

      
      
Execute a program with a timeout.

RedBoot> go -w 10
About to start execution at 0x00000000 - abort with ^C within 10 seconds
^C
RedBoot>

Note that the starting address was implied (0x00000000 in this example).
The user is prompted that execution will commence in 10 seconds.  At
anytime within that 10 seconds the user may type  Ctrl+C
on the console and RedBoot will abort execution and return for the next
command, either from a script or the console.
      
    
  
 

  
    
      exec
      Execute a Linux kernel
    
    
      
        exec
        -w  timeout
        -r  ramdisk_address
        -s  ramdisk_length
        -b  load_address
           -l  load_length
        
        -c  kernel_command_line
         entry_point
      
    
    
      Arguments
      
        
          
          
          
          
          
            
              Name
              Type
              Description
              Default
            
          
          
            
              -w timeout
              Number
              Time to wait before starting execution.
              0
            
            
              -r ramdisk_address
              Number
              Address in memory of "initrd"-style ramdisk - passed to Linux kernel.
              None
            
            
              -s ramdisk_length
              Number
              Length of ramdisk image - passed to Linux kernel.
              None
            
            
              -b load_address
              Number
              Address in memory of the Linux kernel image.
              Value set by load or fis load
            
            
              -l load_length
              Number
              Length of Linux kernel image.
              none
            
            
              -c kernel_command_line
              String
              Command line to pass to the Linux kernel.
              None
            
            
              -x
              
              Boot kernel with endianess opposite of RedBoot endianess.
              Boot kernel with same endianess as RedBoot
              
            
              entry_address
              Number
              Starting address for Linux kernel execution
              Implied by architecture
            
          
        
      
    
    
      Description
      
The exec command is used to execute a non-eCos application, typically a
Linux kernel. Additional information may be passed to the kernel at startup
time. This command is quite special (and unique from the go command) in
that the program being executed may expect certain environmental setups, for
example that the MMU is turned off, etc. 
The Linux kernel expects to have been loaded to a particular memory
location which is architecture dependent(0xC0008000 in the case of the SA1110).
Since this memory is  used
by RedBoot internally, it is not possible to load the kernel to that location
directly. Thus the requirement for the "-b" option which tells the command
where the kernel has been loaded. When the exec command runs, the image will
be relocated to the appropriate location before being started. The "-r" and
"-s" options are used to pass information to the kernel about where a statically
loaded ramdisk (initrd) is located.
The "-c" option can be used to pass textual "command line" information
to the kernel.  If the command line data contains any punctuation (spaces,
etc), then it must be quoted using the double-quote character '"'. If the
quote character is required, it should be written as '\"'.
      
The "-x" option is optionally available on some bi-endian platforms. It is used to boot
a kernel built with an endianess opposite of RedBoot.
    
    
      Examples
      
Execute a Linux kernel, passing a command line, which needs relocation.
The result from RedBoot is normally quiet, with the target platform being
passed over to Linux immediately.

RedBoot> exec -b 0x100000 -l 0x80000 -c "noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 console=ttySA0"

      
      
Execute a Linux kernel, default entry address and no relocation required, with a timeout.
The  emphasized lines are output from the loaded kernel.

RedBoot> exec -c "console=ttyS0,38400 ip=dhcp nfsroot=/export/elfs-sh" -w 5
Now booting linux kernel:
Base address 0x8c001000 Entry 0x8c210000
Cmdline : console=ttyS0,38400 ip=dhcp nfsroot=/export/elfs-sh
About to start execution at 0x8x210000 - abort with ^C within 5 seconds

Linux version 2.4.10-pre6 (...) (gcc version 3.1-stdsh-010931) #3 Thu Sep 27 11:04:23 BST 2001


      
    
  
 


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[/] [openrisc/] [trunk/] [rtos/] [ecos-3.0/] [packages/] [redboot/] [current/] [doc/] [redboot_cmds.sgml] - Blame information for rev 786

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31			`RedBoot Commands and Examples`
32
33			`Introduction`
34			`RedBootcommands and examples`
35			`commands and examples`
36			`RedBoot provides three basic classes of commands:`
37			`Program loading and execution`
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39			`Flash image and configuration management`
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