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/* alloca.c -- allocate automatically reclaimed memory

   (Mostly) portable public-domain implementation -- D A Gwyn

   This implementation of the PWB library alloca function,

   which is used to allocate space off the run-time stack so

   that it is automatically reclaimed upon procedure exit,

   was inspired by discussions with J. Q. Johnson of Cornell.

   J.Otto Tennant <jot@cray.com> contributed the Cray support.

   There are some preprocessor constants that can

   be defined when compiling for your specific system, for

   improved efficiency; however, the defaults should be okay.

   The general concept of this implementation is to keep

   track of all alloca-allocated blocks, and reclaim any

   that are found to be deeper in the stack than the current

   invocation.  This heuristic does not reclaim storage as

   soon as it becomes invalid, but it will do so eventually.

   As a special case, alloca(0) reclaims storage without

   allocating any.  It is a good idea to use alloca(0) in

   your main control loop, etc. to force garbage collection.  */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H

#include <config.h>

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H

#include <string.h>

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H

#include <stdlib.h>

#endif

#ifdef emacs

#include "blockinput.h"

#endif

/* If compiling with GCC 2, this file's not needed.  Except of course if

   the C alloca is explicitly requested.  */

#if defined (USE_C_ALLOCA) || !defined (__GNUC__) || __GNUC__ < 2

/* If someone has defined alloca as a macro,

   there must be some other way alloca is supposed to work.  */

#ifndef alloca

#ifdef emacs

#ifdef static

/* actually, only want this if static is defined as ""

   -- this is for usg, in which emacs must undefine static

   in order to make unexec workable

   */

#ifndef STACK_DIRECTION

you

lose

-- must know STACK_DIRECTION at compile-time

#endif /* STACK_DIRECTION undefined */

#endif /* static */

#endif /* emacs */

/* If your stack is a linked list of frames, you have to

   provide an "address metric" ADDRESS_FUNCTION macro.  */

#if defined (CRAY) && defined (CRAY_STACKSEG_END)

long i00afunc ();

#define ADDRESS_FUNCTION(arg) (char *) i00afunc (&(arg))

#else

#define ADDRESS_FUNCTION(arg) &(arg)

#endif

#if __STDC__

typedef void *pointer;

#else

typedef char *pointer;

#endif

#ifndef NULL

#define NULL    0

#endif

/* Different portions of Emacs need to call different versions of

   malloc.  The Emacs executable needs alloca to call xmalloc, because

   ordinary malloc isn't protected from input signals.  On the other

   hand, the utilities in lib-src need alloca to call malloc; some of

   them are very simple, and don't have an xmalloc routine.

   Non-Emacs programs expect this to call use xmalloc.

   Callers below should use malloc.  */

#ifndef emacs

#define malloc xmalloc

#endif

extern pointer malloc ();

/* Define STACK_DIRECTION if you know the direction of stack

   growth for your system; otherwise it will be automatically

   deduced at run-time.

   STACK_DIRECTION > 0 => grows toward higher addresses

   STACK_DIRECTION < 0 => grows toward lower addresses

   STACK_DIRECTION = 0 => direction of growth unknown  */

#ifndef STACK_DIRECTION

#define STACK_DIRECTION 0        /* Direction unknown.  */

#endif

#if STACK_DIRECTION != 0

#define STACK_DIR       STACK_DIRECTION /* Known at compile-time.  */

#else /* STACK_DIRECTION == 0; need run-time code.  */

static int stack_dir;           /* 1 or -1 once known.  */

#define STACK_DIR       stack_dir

static void

find_stack_direction ()

{

  static char *addr = NULL;     /* Address of first `dummy', once known.  */

  auto char dummy;              /* To get stack address.  */

  if (addr == NULL)

    {                           /* Initial entry.  */

      addr = ADDRESS_FUNCTION (dummy);

      find_stack_direction ();  /* Recurse once.  */

    }

  else

    {

      /* Second entry.  */

      if (ADDRESS_FUNCTION (dummy) > addr)

        stack_dir = 1;          /* Stack grew upward.  */

      else

        stack_dir = -1;         /* Stack grew downward.  */

    }

}

#endif /* STACK_DIRECTION == 0 */

/* An "alloca header" is used to:

   (a) chain together all alloca'ed blocks;

   (b) keep track of stack depth.

   It is very important that sizeof(header) agree with malloc

   alignment chunk size.  The following default should work okay.  */

#ifndef ALIGN_SIZE

#define ALIGN_SIZE      sizeof(double)

#endif

typedef union hdr

{

  char align[ALIGN_SIZE];       /* To force sizeof(header).  */

  struct

    {

      union hdr *next;          /* For chaining headers.  */

      char *deep;               /* For stack depth measure.  */

    } h;

} header;

static header *last_alloca_header = NULL;       /* -> last alloca header.  */

/* Return a pointer to at least SIZE bytes of storage,

   which will be automatically reclaimed upon exit from

   the procedure that called alloca.  Originally, this space

   was supposed to be taken from the current stack frame of the

   caller, but that method cannot be made to work for some

   implementations of C, for example under Gould's UTX/32.  */

pointer

alloca (size)

     unsigned size;

{

  auto char probe;              /* Probes stack depth: */

  register char *depth = ADDRESS_FUNCTION (probe);

#if STACK_DIRECTION == 0

  if (STACK_DIR == 0)            /* Unknown growth direction.  */

    find_stack_direction ();

#endif

  /* Reclaim garbage, defined as all alloca'd storage that

     was allocated from deeper in the stack than currently.  */

  {

    register header *hp;        /* Traverses linked list.  */

#ifdef emacs

    BLOCK_INPUT;

#endif

    for (hp = last_alloca_header; hp != NULL;)

      if ((STACK_DIR > 0 && hp->h.deep > depth)

          || (STACK_DIR < 0 && hp->h.deep < depth))

        {

          register header *np = hp->h.next;

          free ((pointer) hp);  /* Collect garbage.  */

          hp = np;              /* -> next header.  */

        }

      else

        break;                  /* Rest are not deeper.  */

    last_alloca_header = hp;    /* -> last valid storage.  */

#ifdef emacs

    UNBLOCK_INPUT;

#endif

  }

  if (size == 0)

    return NULL;                /* No allocation required.  */

  /* Allocate combined header + user data storage.  */

  {

    register pointer new = malloc (sizeof (header) + size);

    /* Address of header.  */

    if (new == 0)

      abort();

    ((header *) new)->h.next = last_alloca_header;

    ((header *) new)->h.deep = depth;

    last_alloca_header = (header *) new;

    /* User storage begins just after header.  */

    return (pointer) ((char *) new + sizeof (header));

  }

}

#if defined (CRAY) && defined (CRAY_STACKSEG_END)

#ifdef DEBUG_I00AFUNC

#include <stdio.h>

#endif

#ifndef CRAY_STACK

#define CRAY_STACK

#ifndef CRAY2

/* Stack structures for CRAY-1, CRAY X-MP, and CRAY Y-MP */

struct stack_control_header

  {

    long shgrow:32;             /* Number of times stack has grown.  */

    long shaseg:32;             /* Size of increments to stack.  */

    long shhwm:32;              /* High water mark of stack.  */

    long shsize:32;             /* Current size of stack (all segments).  */

  };

/* The stack segment linkage control information occurs at

   the high-address end of a stack segment.  (The stack

   grows from low addresses to high addresses.)  The initial

   part of the stack segment linkage control information is

   0200 (octal) words.  This provides for register storage

   for the routine which overflows the stack.  */

struct stack_segment_linkage

  {

    long ss[0200];              /* 0200 overflow words.  */

    long sssize:32;             /* Number of words in this segment.  */

    long ssbase:32;             /* Offset to stack base.  */

    long:32;

    long sspseg:32;             /* Offset to linkage control of previous

                                   segment of stack.  */

    long:32;

    long sstcpt:32;             /* Pointer to task common address block.  */

    long sscsnm;                /* Private control structure number for

                                   microtasking.  */

    long ssusr1;                /* Reserved for user.  */

    long ssusr2;                /* Reserved for user.  */

    long sstpid;                /* Process ID for pid based multi-tasking.  */

    long ssgvup;                /* Pointer to multitasking thread giveup.  */

    long sscray[7];             /* Reserved for Cray Research.  */

    long ssa0;

    long ssa1;

    long ssa2;

    long ssa3;

    long ssa4;

    long ssa5;

    long ssa6;

    long ssa7;

    long sss0;

    long sss1;

    long sss2;

    long sss3;

    long sss4;

    long sss5;

    long sss6;

    long sss7;

  };

#else /* CRAY2 */

/* The following structure defines the vector of words

   returned by the STKSTAT library routine.  */

struct stk_stat

  {

    long now;                   /* Current total stack size.  */

    long maxc;                  /* Amount of contiguous space which would

                                   be required to satisfy the maximum

                                   stack demand to date.  */

    long high_water;            /* Stack high-water mark.  */

    long overflows;             /* Number of stack overflow ($STKOFEN) calls.  */

    long hits;                  /* Number of internal buffer hits.  */

    long extends;               /* Number of block extensions.  */

    long stko_mallocs;          /* Block allocations by $STKOFEN.  */

    long underflows;            /* Number of stack underflow calls ($STKRETN).  */

    long stko_free;             /* Number of deallocations by $STKRETN.  */

    long stkm_free;             /* Number of deallocations by $STKMRET.  */

    long segments;              /* Current number of stack segments.  */

    long maxs;                  /* Maximum number of stack segments so far.  */

    long pad_size;              /* Stack pad size.  */

    long current_address;       /* Current stack segment address.  */

    long current_size;          /* Current stack segment size.  This

                                   number is actually corrupted by STKSTAT to

                                   include the fifteen word trailer area.  */

    long initial_address;       /* Address of initial segment.  */

    long initial_size;          /* Size of initial segment.  */

  };

/* The following structure describes the data structure which trails

   any stack segment.  I think that the description in 'asdef' is

   out of date.  I only describe the parts that I am sure about.  */

struct stk_trailer

  {

    long this_address;          /* Address of this block.  */

    long this_size;             /* Size of this block (does not include

                                   this trailer).  */

    long unknown2;

    long unknown3;

    long link;                  /* Address of trailer block of previous

                                   segment.  */

    long unknown5;

    long unknown6;

    long unknown7;

    long unknown8;

    long unknown9;

    long unknown10;

    long unknown11;

    long unknown12;

    long unknown13;

    long unknown14;

  };

#endif /* CRAY2 */

#endif /* not CRAY_STACK */

#ifdef CRAY2

/* Determine a "stack measure" for an arbitrary ADDRESS.

   I doubt that "lint" will like this much.  */

static long

i00afunc (long *address)

{

  struct stk_stat status;

  struct stk_trailer *trailer;

  long *block, size;

  long result = 0;

  /* We want to iterate through all of the segments.  The first

     step is to get the stack status structure.  We could do this

     more quickly and more directly, perhaps, by referencing the

     $LM00 common block, but I know that this works.  */

  STKSTAT (&status);

  /* Set up the iteration.  */

  trailer = (struct stk_trailer *) (status.current_address

                                    + status.current_size

                                    - 15);

  /* There must be at least one stack segment.  Therefore it is

     a fatal error if "trailer" is null.  */

  if (trailer == 0)

    abort ();

  /* Discard segments that do not contain our argument address.  */

  while (trailer != 0)

    {

      block = (long *) trailer->this_address;

      size = trailer->this_size;

      if (block == 0 || size == 0)

        abort ();

      trailer = (struct stk_trailer *) trailer->link;

      if ((block <= address) && (address < (block + size)))

        break;

    }

  /* Set the result to the offset in this segment and add the sizes

     of all predecessor segments.  */

  result = address - block;

  if (trailer == 0)

    {

      return result;

    }

  do

    {

      if (trailer->this_size <= 0)

        abort ();

      result += trailer->this_size;

      trailer = (struct stk_trailer *) trailer->link;

    }

  while (trailer != 0);

  /* We are done.  Note that if you present a bogus address (one

     not in any segment), you will get a different number back, formed

     from subtracting the address of the first block.  This is probably

     not what you want.  */

  return (result);

}

#else /* not CRAY2 */

/* Stack address function for a CRAY-1, CRAY X-MP, or CRAY Y-MP.

   Determine the number of the cell within the stack,

   given the address of the cell.  The purpose of this

   routine is to linearize, in some sense, stack addresses

   for alloca.  */

static long

i00afunc (long address)

{

  long stkl = 0;

  long size, pseg, this_segment, stack;

  long result = 0;

  struct stack_segment_linkage *ssptr;

  /* Register B67 contains the address of the end of the

     current stack segment.  If you (as a subprogram) store

     your registers on the stack and find that you are past

     the contents of B67, you have overflowed the segment.

     B67 also points to the stack segment linkage control

     area, which is what we are really interested in.  */

  stkl = CRAY_STACKSEG_END ();

  ssptr = (struct stack_segment_linkage *) stkl;

  /* If one subtracts 'size' from the end of the segment,

     one has the address of the first word of the segment.

     If this is not the first segment, 'pseg' will be

     nonzero.  */

  pseg = ssptr->sspseg;

  size = ssptr->sssize;

  this_segment = stkl - size;

  /* It is possible that calling this routine itself caused

     a stack overflow.  Discard stack segments which do not

     contain the target address.  */

  while (!(this_segment <= address && address <= stkl))

    {

#ifdef DEBUG_I00AFUNC

      fprintf (stderr, "%011o %011o %011o\n", this_segment, address, stkl);

#endif

      if (pseg == 0)

        break;

      stkl = stkl - pseg;

      ssptr = (struct stack_segment_linkage *) stkl;

      size = ssptr->sssize;

      pseg = ssptr->sspseg;

      this_segment = stkl - size;

    }

  result = address - this_segment;

  /* If you subtract pseg from the current end of the stack,

     you get the address of the previous stack segment's end.

     This seems a little convoluted to me, but I'll bet you save

     a cycle somewhere.  */

  while (pseg != 0)

    {

#ifdef DEBUG_I00AFUNC

      fprintf (stderr, "%011o %011o\n", pseg, size);

#endif

      stkl = stkl - pseg;

      ssptr = (struct stack_segment_linkage *) stkl;

      size = ssptr->sssize;

      pseg = ssptr->sspseg;

      result += size;

    }

  return (result);

}

#endif /* not CRAY2 */

#endif /* CRAY */

#endif /* no alloca */

#endif /* not GCC version 2 */