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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gdb-refcard.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.

%Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

%Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of

%this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices

%are preserved on all copies.

%

%TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source

%for a program to generate a reference.

%

%This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

%it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

%the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)

%any later version.

%

%This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but

%WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

%MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

%General Public License for more details.

%

%You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License at the URL

%http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html; or write to the Free Software

%Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

%

%You can contact the maintainer at:  doc@cygnus.com

%

%                                Documentation Department

%                                Cygnus Solutions

%                                1325 Chesapeake Terrace

%                                Sunnyvale, CA 94089  USA

%

%                                +1 800 CYGNUS-1

%

%

%

% 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel

%

%   Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly.

%   You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the

%   horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge*

%   and the interline and interspec spacing.

%   In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the

%   latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values.

%   All other values will be computed at process time so it should be

%   quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to

%   guess :-)

%

%   To find the configuration places, just search for the string

%   "CONFIGURATION".

%

%   Andreas Vogel (av@ssw.de)

%

%

%

% Uncomment the following `magnification' command if you want to print

% out in a larger font.  Caution!  You may need larger paper.  You had

% best avoid using 3-column output if you try this.  See the ``Three

% column format'' section below if you want to print in three column

% format.

%

%\magnification=\magstep 1

%

% NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB

% commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose

% to omit.  In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor

% all variations of a command.

% The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default

% keybindings.  GDB startup options are not described.

% set print sevenbit-strings, set symbol-reloading omitted.

% printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily

% share omitted due to obsolescence

% set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB.

%

%-------------------- Three column format -----------------------

%%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section

% Three-column format for landscape printing

%-------- Papersize defs:

\newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight

\newdimen\hmargin    \newdimen\vmargin

\newdimen\secskip    \newdimen\lskip

\newdimen\barwidth   \newdimen\barheight

\newdimen\intersecwidth

%%

%%  START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS

%------- Papersize params:

%%  US letter paper (8.5x11in)

%%

\totalwidth=11in    % total width of paper

\totalheight=8.5in  % total height of paper

\hmargin=.25in      % horizontal margin width

\vmargin=.25in      % vertical margin width

\secskip=1pc        % space between refcard secs

\lskip=2pt          % extra skip between \sec entries

%------- end papersize params

%%

%%  change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent

%%

\barwidth=.1pt       % width of the cropmark bar

\barheight=2pt       % height of the cropmark bar

\intersecwidth=0.5em % width between \itmwid and \dfnwid

%%

%%  END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS

%%

%%

%%  values to be computed - nothing to configure

%%

\newdimen\fullhsize     % width of area without margins

\newdimen\itmwid        % width of item column

\newdimen\dfnwid        % width of definition column

\newdimen\temp          % only for temporary use

%%

%%  adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge*

%%

\hoffset=-1in \advance \hoffset by \hmargin

\voffset=-1in \advance \voffset by \vmargin

%%

%%  fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin)

%%

\fullhsize=\totalwidth

\temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \fullhsize by -\temp

%%

%%  hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3

%%

\hsize=\fullhsize

\temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 4 \advance \hsize by -\temp

\temp=\barwidth \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \hsize by -\temp

\divide \hsize by 3

%%

%%  vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin)

%%

\vsize=\totalheight

\temp=\vmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \vsize by -\temp

%%

%%  itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3

%%  dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3

%%

\temp=\hsize \advance \temp by -\intersecwidth \divide \temp by 3

\itmwid=\temp

\dfnwid=\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -\itmwid

%-------- end papersize defs

\def\fulline{\hbox to \fullhsize}

\let\lcr=L \newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn

\output={\if L\lcr

            \global\setbox\leftcolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C

         \else

            \if C\lcr

               \global\setbox\centercolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R

            \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L

            \fi

         \fi

%         \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi

      }

%%

%%  START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES

%%

%%  For NO printed folding guide,

%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:

%\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}

%%  For SOLID LINE folding guide,

%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:

%\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil}

%%  For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide,

%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:

\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil

\vbox to \vsize{\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}\vfill

\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL

\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}

%%

%%  END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES

%%

\def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor

                                         \box\centercolumn\vdecor

                                         \columnbox}

                               }

                 \advancepageno}

\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}

\def\bye{\par\vfill

         \supereject

         \if R\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi

         \end}

%-------------------- end three column format -----------------------

%-------------------- Computer Modern font defs: --------------------

\font\bbf=cmbx10

\font\vbbf=cmbx12

\font\smrm=cmr6

\font\brm=cmr10

\font\rm=cmr7

\font\it=cmti7

\font\tt=cmtt8

%-------------------- end font defs ---------------------------------

%

\hyphenpenalty=5000\tolerance=2000\raggedright\raggedbottom

\normalbaselineskip=9pt\baselineskip=9pt

%

\parindent=0pt

\parskip=0pt

\footline={\vbox to0pt{\hss}}

%

\def\ctl#1{{\tt C-#1}}

\def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}}

\def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}}

%

\long\def\sec#1;#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip

\halign{%

%COL 1 (of halign):

\vtop{\hsize=\itmwid\tt

##\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil

%COL 2 (of halign):

&\vtop{\hsize=\dfnwid\hangafter=1\hangindent=\intersecwidth

\rm ##\par\vskip \lskip}\cr

%Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args:

\noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip}

#2

}

}

{\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version 4}\qquad

\sec Essential Commands;

gdb {\it program} \opt{{\it core}}&debug {\it program} \opt{using

coredump {\it core}}\cr

b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it function}&set breakpoint at {\it function} \opt{in \it file}\cr

run \opt{{\it arglist}}&start your program \opt{with {\it arglist}}\cr

bt& backtrace: display program stack\cr

p {\it expr}&display the value of an expression\cr

c &continue running your program\cr

n &next line, stepping over function calls\cr

s &next line, stepping into function calls\cr

\endsec

\sec Starting GDB;

gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files\cr

gdb {\it program}&begin debugging {\it program}\cr

gdb {\it program core}&debug coredump {\it core} produced by {\it

program}\cr

gdb --help&describe command line options\cr

\endsec

\sec Stopping GDB;

quit&exit GDB; also {\tt q} or {\tt EOF} (eg \ctl{d})\cr

INTERRUPT&(eg \ctl{c}) terminate current command, or send to running process\cr

\endsec

\sec Getting Help;

help&list classes of commands\cr

help {\it class}&one-line descriptions for commands in {\it class}\cr

help {\it command}&describe {\it command}\cr

\endsec

\sec Executing your Program;

run {\it arglist}&start your program with {\it arglist}\cr

run&start your program with current argument list\cr

run $\ldots$ <{\it inf} >{\it outf}&start your program with input, output

redirected\cr

\cr

kill&kill running program\cr

\cr

tty {\it dev}&use {\it dev} as stdin and stdout for next {\tt run}\cr

set args {\it arglist}&specify {\it arglist} for next

{\tt run}\cr

set args&specify empty argument list\cr

show args&display argument list\cr

\cr

show env&show all environment variables\cr

show env {\it var}&show value of environment variable {\it var}\cr

set env {\it var} {\it string}&set environment variable {\it var}\cr

unset env {\it var}&remove {\it var} from environment\cr

\endsec

\sec Shell Commands;

cd {\it dir}&change working directory to {\it dir}\cr

pwd&Print working directory\cr

make $\ldots$&call ``{\tt make}''\cr

shell {\it cmd}&execute arbitrary shell command string\cr

\endsec

\vfill

\line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments \hfill $\ldots$ show

one or more arguments}

\vskip\baselineskip

\centerline{\smrm \copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\qquad Permissions on back}

\eject

\sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;

break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}\par

b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&set breakpoint at {\it line} number \opt{in \it file}\par

eg:\quad{\tt break main.c:37}\quad\cr

break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it func}&set breakpoint at {\it

func} \opt{in \it file}\cr

break +{\it offset}\par

break -{\it offset}&set break at {\it offset} lines from current stop\cr

break *{\it addr}&set breakpoint at address {\it addr}\cr

break&set breakpoint at next instruction\cr

break $\ldots$ if {\it expr}&break conditionally on nonzero {\it expr}\cr

cond {\it n} \opt{\it expr}&new conditional expression on breakpoint

{\it n}; make unconditional if no {\it expr}\cr

tbreak $\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached\cr

rbreak {\it regex}&break on all functions matching {\it regex}\cr

watch {\it expr}&set a watchpoint for expression {\it expr}\cr

catch {\it event}&break at {\it event}, which may be {\tt catch}, {\tt throw},

{\tt exec}, {\tt fork}, {\tt vfork}, {\tt load}, or {\tt unload}.\cr

\cr

info break&show defined breakpoints\cr

info watch&show defined watchpoints\cr

\cr

clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction\cr

clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it fun}&delete breakpoints at entry to {\it fun}()\cr

clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&delete breakpoints on source line \cr

delete \opt{{\it n}}&delete breakpoints

\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}\cr

\cr

disable \opt{{\it n}}&disable breakpoints

\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}

\cr

enable \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints

\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}

\cr

enable once \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}};

disable again when reached

\cr

enable del \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}};

delete when reached

\cr

\cr

ignore {\it n} {\it count}&ignore breakpoint {\it n}, {\it count}

times\cr

\cr

commands {\it n}\par

\qquad \opt{\tt silent}\par

\qquad {\it command-list}&execute GDB {\it command-list} every time breakpoint {\it n} is reached. \opt{{\tt silent} suppresses default

display}\cr

end&end of {\it command-list}\cr

\endsec

\sec Program Stack;

backtrace \opt{\it n}\par

bt \opt{\it n}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of {\it n}

frames---innermost if {\it n}{\tt >0}, outermost if {\it n}{\tt <0}\cr

frame \opt{\it n}&select frame number {\it n} or frame at address {\it

n}; if no {\it n}, display current frame\cr

up {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames up\cr

down {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames down\cr

info frame \opt{\it addr}&describe selected frame, or frame at

{\it addr}\cr

info args&arguments of selected frame\cr

info locals&local variables of selected frame\cr

info reg \opt{\it rn}$\ldots$\par

info all-reg \opt{\it rn}&register values \opt{for regs {\it rn\/}} in

selected frame; {\tt all-reg} includes floating point\cr

\endsec

\vfill\eject

\sec Execution Control;

continue \opt{\it count}\par

c \opt{\it count}&continue running; if {\it count} specified, ignore

this breakpoint next {\it count} times\cr

\cr

step \opt{\it count}\par

s \opt{\it count}&execute until another line reached; repeat {\it count} times if

specified\cr

stepi \opt{\it count}\par

si \opt{\it count}&step by machine instructions rather than source

lines\cr

\cr

next \opt{\it count}\par

n \opt{\it count}&execute next line, including any function calls\cr

nexti \opt{\it count}\par

ni \opt{\it count}&next machine instruction rather than source

line\cr

\cr

until \opt{\it location}&run until next instruction (or {\it

location})\cr

finish&run until selected stack frame returns\cr

return \opt{\it expr}&pop selected stack frame without executing

\opt{setting return value}\cr

signal {\it num}&resume execution with signal {\it s} (none if {\tt 0})\cr

jump {\it line}\par

jump *{\it address}&resume execution at specified {\it line} number or

{\it address}\cr

set var={\it expr}&evaluate {\it expr} without displaying it; use for

altering program variables\cr

\endsec

\sec Display;

print \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} \opt{\it expr}\par

p \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} \opt{\it expr}&show value of {\it expr} \opt{or

last value \tt \$} according to format {\it f}:\cr

\qquad x&hexadecimal\cr

\qquad d&signed decimal\cr

\qquad u&unsigned decimal\cr

\qquad o&octal\cr

\qquad t&binary\cr

\qquad a&address, absolute and relative\cr

\qquad c&character\cr

\qquad f&floating point\cr

call \opt{\tt /{\it f}\/} {\it expr}&like {\tt print} but does not display

{\tt void}\cr

x \opt{\tt/{\it Nuf}\/} {\it expr}&examine memory at address {\it expr};

optional format spec follows slash\cr

\quad {\it N}&count of how many units to display\cr

\quad {\it u}&unit size; one of\cr

&{\tt\qquad b}\ individual bytes\cr

&{\tt\qquad h}\ halfwords (two bytes)\cr

&{\tt\qquad w}\ words (four bytes)\cr

&{\tt\qquad g}\ giant words (eight bytes)\cr

\quad {\it f}&printing format.  Any {\tt print} format, or\cr

&{\tt\qquad s}\ null-terminated string\cr

&{\tt\qquad i}\ machine instructions\cr

disassem \opt{\it addr}&display memory as machine instructions\cr

\endsec

\sec Automatic Display;

display \opt{\tt/\it f\/} {\it expr}&show value of {\it expr} each time

program stops \opt{according to format {\it f}\/}\cr

display&display all enabled expressions on list\cr

undisplay {\it n}&remove number(s) {\it n} from list of

automatically displayed expressions\cr

disable disp {\it n}&disable display for expression(s) number {\it

n}\cr

enable disp {\it n}&enable display for expression(s) number {\it

n}\cr

info display&numbered list of display expressions\cr

\endsec

\vfill\eject

\sec Expressions;

{\it expr}&an expression in C, C++, or Modula-2 (including function calls), or:\cr

{\it addr\/}@{\it len}&an array of {\it len} elements beginning at {\it

addr}\cr

{\it file}::{\it nm}&a variable or function {\it nm} defined in {\it

file}\cr

$\tt\{${\it type}$\tt\}${\it addr}&read memory at {\it addr} as specified

{\it type}\cr

\$&most recent displayed value\cr

\${\it n}&{\it n}th displayed value\cr

\$\$&displayed value previous to \$\cr

\$\${\it n}&{\it n}th displayed value back from \$\cr

\$\_&last address examined with {\tt x}\cr

\$\_\_&value at address \$\_\cr

\${\it var}&convenience variable; assign any value\cr

\cr

show values \opt{{\it n}}&show last 10 values \opt{or surrounding

\${\it n}}\cr

show conv&display all convenience variables\cr

\endsec

\sec Symbol Table;

info address {\it s}&show where symbol {\it s} is stored\cr

info func \opt{\it regex}&show names, types of defined functions

(all, or matching {\it regex})\cr

info var \opt{\it regex}&show names, types of global variables (all,

or matching {\it regex})\cr

whatis \opt{\it expr}\par

ptype \opt{\it expr}&show data type of {\it expr} \opt{or \tt \$}

without evaluating; {\tt ptype} gives more detail\cr

ptype {\it type}&describe type, struct, union, or enum\cr

\endsec

\sec GDB Scripts;

source {\it script}&read, execute GDB commands from file {\it

script}\cr

\cr

define {\it cmd}\par

\qquad {\it command-list}&create new GDB command {\it cmd};

execute script defined by {\it command-list}\cr

end&end of {\it command-list}\cr

document {\it cmd}\par

\qquad {\it help-text}&create online documentation

for new GDB command {\it cmd}\cr

end&end of {\it help-text}\cr

\endsec

\sec Signals;

handle {\it signal} {\it act}&specify GDB actions for {\it signal}:\cr

\quad print&announce signal\cr

\quad noprint&be silent for signal\cr

\quad stop&halt execution on signal\cr

\quad nostop&do not halt execution\cr

\quad pass&allow your program to handle signal\cr

\quad nopass&do not allow your program to see signal\cr

info signals&show table of signals, GDB action for each\cr

\endsec

\sec Debugging Targets;

target {\it type} {\it param}&connect to target machine, process, or file\cr

help target&display available targets\cr

attach {\it param}&connect to another process\cr

detach&release target from GDB control\cr

\endsec

\vfill\eject

\sec Controlling GDB;

set {\it param} {\it value}&set one of GDB's internal parameters\cr

show {\it param}&display current setting of parameter\cr

\xtra{\rm Parameters understood by {\tt set} and {\tt show}:}

\quad complaint {\it limit}&number of messages on unusual symbols\cr

\quad confirm {\it on/off}&enable or disable cautionary queries\cr

\quad editing {\it on/off}&control {\tt readline} command-line editing\cr

\quad height {\it lpp}&number of lines before pause in display\cr

\quad language {\it lang}&Language for GDB expressions ({\tt auto}, {\tt c} or

{\tt modula-2})\cr

\quad listsize {\it n}&number of lines shown by {\tt list}\cr

\quad prompt {\it str}&use {\it str} as GDB prompt\cr

\quad radix {\it base}&octal, decimal, or hex number representation\cr

\quad verbose {\it on/off}&control messages when loading

symbols\cr

\quad width {\it cpl}&number of characters before line folded\cr

\quad write {\it on/off}&Allow or forbid patching binary, core files

(when reopened with {\tt exec} or {\tt core})

\cr

\quad history $\ldots$\par

\quad h $\ldots$&groups with the following options:\cr

\quad h exp {\it off/on}&disable/enable {\tt readline} history expansion\cr

\quad h file {\it filename}&file for recording GDB command history\cr

\quad h size {\it size}&number of commands kept in history list\cr

\quad h save {\it off/on}&control use of external file for

command history\cr

\cr

\quad print $\ldots$\par

\quad p $\ldots$&groups with the following options:\cr

\quad p address {\it on/off}&print memory addresses in stacks,

values\cr

\quad p  array {\it off/on}&compact or attractive format for

arrays\cr

\quad p demangl {\it on/off}&source (demangled) or internal form for C++

symbols\cr

\quad p asm-dem {\it on/off}&demangle C++ symbols in

machine-instruction output\cr

\quad p elements {\it limit}&number of array elements to display\cr

\quad p object {\it on/off}&print C++ derived types for objects\cr

\quad p pretty {\it off/on}&struct display: compact or indented\cr

\quad p union {\it on/off}&display of union members\cr

\quad p vtbl {\it off/on}&display of C++ virtual function

tables\cr

\cr

show commands&show last 10 commands\cr

show commands {\it n}&show 10 commands around number {\it n}\cr

show commands +&show next 10 commands\cr

\endsec

\sec Working Files;

file \opt{\it file}&use {\it file} for both symbols and executable;

with no arg, discard both\cr

core \opt{\it file}&read {\it file} as coredump; or discard\cr

exec \opt{\it file}&use {\it file} as executable only; or discard\cr

symbol \opt{\it file}&use symbol table from {\it file}; or discard\cr

load {\it file}&dynamically link {\it file\/} and add its symbols\cr

add-sym {\it file} {\it addr}&read additional symbols from {\it file},

dynamically loaded at {\it addr}\cr

info files&display working files and targets in use\cr

path {\it dirs}&add {\it dirs} to front of path searched for

executable and symbol files\cr

show path&display executable and symbol file path\cr

info share&list names of shared libraries currently loaded\cr

\endsec

\vfill\eject

\sec Source Files;

dir {\it names}&add directory {\it names} to front of source path\cr

dir&clear source path\cr

show dir&show current source path\cr

\cr

list&show next ten lines of source\cr

list -&show previous ten lines\cr

list {\it lines}&display source surrounding {\it lines},

specified as:\cr

\quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it num}&line number \opt{in named file}\cr

\quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it function}&beginning of function \opt{in

named file}\cr

\quad{\tt +\it off}&{\it off} lines after last printed\cr

\quad{\tt -\it off}&{\it off} lines previous to last printed\cr

\quad{\tt*\it address}&line containing {\it address}\cr

list {\it f},{\it l}&from line {\it f} to line {\it l}\cr

info line {\it num}&show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for

source line {\it num}\cr

info source&show name of current source file\cr

info sources&list all source files in use\cr

forw {\it regex}&search following source lines for {\it regex}\cr

rev {\it regex}&search preceding source lines for {\it regex}\cr

\endsec

\sec GDB under GNU Emacs;

M-x gdb&run GDB under Emacs\cr

\ctl{h} m&describe GDB mode\cr

M-s&step one line ({\tt step})\cr

M-n&next line ({\tt next})\cr

M-i&step one instruction ({\tt stepi})\cr

\ctl{c} \ctl{f}&finish current stack frame ({\tt finish})\cr

M-c&continue ({\tt cont})\cr

M-u&up {\it arg} frames ({\tt up})\cr

M-d&down {\it arg} frames ({\tt down})\cr

\ctl{x} \&&copy number from point, insert at end\cr

\ctl{x} SPC&(in source file) set break at point\cr

\endsec

\sec GDB License;

show copying&Display GNU General Public License\cr

show warranty&There is NO WARRANTY for GDB.  Display full no-warranty

statement.\cr

\endsec

\vfill

{\smrm\parskip=6pt

\centerline{Copyright \copyright 1991, '92, '93, '98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.}

\centerline{Roland H. Pesch}

\centerline{The author assumes no responsibility for any errors on this card.}

This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU

General Public License.

\centerline{Please contribute to development of this card by

annotating it.  Improvements can be sent to bug-gdb@gnu.org.}

GDB itself is free software; you are welcome to distribute copies of

it under the terms of the GNU General Public License.  There is

absolutely no warranty for GDB.

}

\end