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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gdb-refcard.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
2
 
3
%This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.
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%Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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%Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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%this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices
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%are preserved on all copies.
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%
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%TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source
10
%for a program to generate a reference.
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%
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%This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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%it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
14
%the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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%any later version.
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%
17
%This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
18
%WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19
%MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
20
%General Public License for more details.
21
%
22
%You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License at the URL
23
%http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html; or write to the Free Software
24
%Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
25
%
26
%You can contact the maintainer at:  doc@cygnus.com
27
%
28
%                                Documentation Department
29
%                                Cygnus Solutions
30
%                                1325 Chesapeake Terrace
31
%                                Sunnyvale, CA 94089  USA
32
%
33
%                                +1 800 CYGNUS-1
34
%
35
%
36
%
37
% 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel
38
%
39
%   Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly.
40
%   You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the
41
%   horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge*
42
%   and the interline and interspec spacing.
43
%   In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the
44
%   latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values.
45
%   All other values will be computed at process time so it should be
46
%   quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to
47
%   guess :-)
48
%
49
%   To find the configuration places, just search for the string
50
%   "CONFIGURATION".
51
%
52
%   Andreas Vogel (av@ssw.de)
53
%
54
%
55
%
56
% Uncomment the following `magnification' command if you want to print
57
% out in a larger font.  Caution!  You may need larger paper.  You had
58
% best avoid using 3-column output if you try this.  See the ``Three
59
% column format'' section below if you want to print in three column
60
% format.
61
%
62
%\magnification=\magstep 1
63
%
64
% NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB
65
% commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose
66
% to omit.  In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor
67
% all variations of a command.
68
% The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default
69
% keybindings.  GDB startup options are not described.
70
% set print sevenbit-strings, set symbol-reloading omitted.
71
% printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily
72
% share omitted due to obsolescence
73
% set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB.
74
%
75
%-------------------- Three column format -----------------------
76
 
77
%%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section
78
 
79
% Three-column format for landscape printing
80
 
81
%-------- Papersize defs:
82
 
83
\newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight
84
\newdimen\hmargin    \newdimen\vmargin
85
\newdimen\secskip    \newdimen\lskip
86
\newdimen\barwidth   \newdimen\barheight
87
\newdimen\intersecwidth
88
 
89
%%
90
%%  START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
91
%------- Papersize params:
92
%%  US letter paper (8.5x11in)
93
%%
94
\totalwidth=11in    % total width of paper
95
\totalheight=8.5in  % total height of paper
96
\hmargin=.25in      % horizontal margin width
97
\vmargin=.25in      % vertical margin width
98
\secskip=1pc        % space between refcard secs
99
\lskip=2pt          % extra skip between \sec entries
100
%------- end papersize params
101
%%
102
%%  change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent
103
%%
104
\barwidth=.1pt       % width of the cropmark bar
105
\barheight=2pt       % height of the cropmark bar
106
\intersecwidth=0.5em % width between \itmwid and \dfnwid
107
%%
108
%%  END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
109
%%
110
 
111
%%
112
%%  values to be computed - nothing to configure
113
%%
114
\newdimen\fullhsize     % width of area without margins
115
\newdimen\itmwid        % width of item column
116
\newdimen\dfnwid        % width of definition column
117
\newdimen\temp          % only for temporary use
118
 
119
%%
120
%%  adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge*
121
%%
122
\hoffset=-1in \advance \hoffset by \hmargin
123
\voffset=-1in \advance \voffset by \vmargin
124
 
125
%%
126
%%  fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin)
127
%%
128
\fullhsize=\totalwidth
129
\temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \fullhsize by -\temp
130
 
131
%%
132
%%  hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3
133
%%
134
\hsize=\fullhsize
135
\temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 4 \advance \hsize by -\temp
136
\temp=\barwidth \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \hsize by -\temp
137
\divide \hsize by 3
138
 
139
%%
140
%%  vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin)
141
%%
142
\vsize=\totalheight
143
\temp=\vmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \vsize by -\temp
144
 
145
%%
146
%%  itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3
147
%%  dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3
148
%%
149
\temp=\hsize \advance \temp by -\intersecwidth \divide \temp by 3
150
\itmwid=\temp
151
\dfnwid=\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -\itmwid
152
 
153
%-------- end papersize defs
154
 
155
 
156
\def\fulline{\hbox to \fullhsize}
157
\let\lcr=L \newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn
158
\output={\if L\lcr
159
            \global\setbox\leftcolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C
160
         \else
161
            \if C\lcr
162
               \global\setbox\centercolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R
163
            \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L
164
            \fi
165
         \fi
166
%         \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
167
      }
168
 
169
%%
170
%%  START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES
171
%%
172
%%  For NO printed folding guide,
173
%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
174
 
175
%\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
176
 
177
%%  For SOLID LINE folding guide,
178
%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
179
 
180
%\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
181
 
182
%%  For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide,
183
%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:
184
 
185
\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil
186
\vbox to \vsize{\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}\vfill
187
\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL
188
\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}
189
 
190
%%
191
%%  END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES
192
%%
193
 
194
\def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor
195
                                         \box\centercolumn\vdecor
196
                                         \columnbox}
197
                               }
198
                 \advancepageno}
199
\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
200
\def\bye{\par\vfill
201
         \supereject
202
         \if R\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi
203
         \end}
204
 
205
%-------------------- end three column format -----------------------
206
 
207
%-------------------- Computer Modern font defs: --------------------
208
\font\bbf=cmbx10
209
\font\vbbf=cmbx12
210
\font\smrm=cmr6
211
\font\brm=cmr10
212
\font\rm=cmr7
213
\font\it=cmti7
214
\font\tt=cmtt8
215
%-------------------- end font defs ---------------------------------
216
 
217
%
218
\hyphenpenalty=5000\tolerance=2000\raggedright\raggedbottom
219
\normalbaselineskip=9pt\baselineskip=9pt
220
%
221
\parindent=0pt
222
\parskip=0pt
223
\footline={\vbox to0pt{\hss}}
224
%
225
\def\ctl#1{{\tt C-#1}}
226
\def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}}
227
\def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}}
228
%
229
\long\def\sec#1;#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip
230
\halign{%
231
%COL 1 (of halign):
232
\vtop{\hsize=\itmwid\tt
233
##\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil
234
%COL 2 (of halign):
235
&\vtop{\hsize=\dfnwid\hangafter=1\hangindent=\intersecwidth
236
\rm ##\par\vskip \lskip}\cr
237
%Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args:
238
\noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip}
239
#2
240
}
241
}
242
 
243
{\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version 4}\qquad
244
 
245
\sec Essential Commands;
246
gdb {\it program} \opt{{\it core}}&debug {\it program} \opt{using
247
coredump {\it core}}\cr
248
b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it function}&set breakpoint at {\it function} \opt{in \it file}\cr
249
run \opt{{\it arglist}}&start your program \opt{with {\it arglist}}\cr
250
bt& backtrace: display program stack\cr
251
p {\it expr}&display the value of an expression\cr
252
c &continue running your program\cr
253
n &next line, stepping over function calls\cr
254
s &next line, stepping into function calls\cr
255
\endsec
256
 
257
\sec Starting GDB;
258
gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files\cr
259
gdb {\it program}&begin debugging {\it program}\cr
260
gdb {\it program core}&debug coredump {\it core} produced by {\it
261
program}\cr
262
gdb --help&describe command line options\cr
263
\endsec
264
 
265
\sec Stopping GDB;
266
quit&exit GDB; also {\tt q} or {\tt EOF} (eg \ctl{d})\cr
267
INTERRUPT&(eg \ctl{c}) terminate current command, or send to running process\cr
268
\endsec
269
 
270
\sec Getting Help;
271
help&list classes of commands\cr
272
help {\it class}&one-line descriptions for commands in {\it class}\cr
273
help {\it command}&describe {\it command}\cr
274
\endsec
275
 
276
\sec Executing your Program;
277
run {\it arglist}&start your program with {\it arglist}\cr
278
run&start your program with current argument list\cr
279
run $\ldots$ <{\it inf} >{\it outf}&start your program with input, output
280
redirected\cr
281
\cr
282
kill&kill running program\cr
283
\cr
284
tty {\it dev}&use {\it dev} as stdin and stdout for next {\tt run}\cr
285
set args {\it arglist}&specify {\it arglist} for next
286
{\tt run}\cr
287
set args&specify empty argument list\cr
288
show args&display argument list\cr
289
\cr
290
show env&show all environment variables\cr
291
show env {\it var}&show value of environment variable {\it var}\cr
292
set env {\it var} {\it string}&set environment variable {\it var}\cr
293
unset env {\it var}&remove {\it var} from environment\cr
294
\endsec
295
 
296
\sec Shell Commands;
297
cd {\it dir}&change working directory to {\it dir}\cr
298
pwd&Print working directory\cr
299
make $\ldots$&call ``{\tt make}''\cr
300
shell {\it cmd}&execute arbitrary shell command string\cr
301
\endsec
302
 
303
\vfill
304
\line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments \hfill $\ldots$ show
305
one or more arguments}
306
\vskip\baselineskip
307
\centerline{\smrm \copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\qquad Permissions on back}
308
\eject
309
\sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;
310
break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}\par
311
b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&set breakpoint at {\it line} number \opt{in \it file}\par
312
eg:\quad{\tt break main.c:37}\quad\cr
313
break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it func}&set breakpoint at {\it
314
func} \opt{in \it file}\cr
315
break +{\it offset}\par
316
break -{\it offset}&set break at {\it offset} lines from current stop\cr
317
break *{\it addr}&set breakpoint at address {\it addr}\cr
318
break&set breakpoint at next instruction\cr
319
break $\ldots$ if {\it expr}&break conditionally on nonzero {\it expr}\cr
320
cond {\it n} \opt{\it expr}&new conditional expression on breakpoint
321
{\it n}; make unconditional if no {\it expr}\cr
322
tbreak $\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached\cr
323
rbreak {\it regex}&break on all functions matching {\it regex}\cr
324
watch {\it expr}&set a watchpoint for expression {\it expr}\cr
325
catch {\it event}&break at {\it event}, which may be {\tt catch}, {\tt throw},
326
{\tt exec}, {\tt fork}, {\tt vfork}, {\tt load}, or {\tt unload}.\cr
327
\cr
328
info break&show defined breakpoints\cr
329
info watch&show defined watchpoints\cr
330
\cr
331
clear&delete breakpoints at next instruction\cr
332
clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it fun}&delete breakpoints at entry to {\it fun}()\cr
333
clear \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&delete breakpoints on source line \cr
334
delete \opt{{\it n}}&delete breakpoints
335
\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}\cr
336
\cr
337
disable \opt{{\it n}}&disable breakpoints
338
\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}
339
\cr
340
enable \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints
341
\opt{or breakpoint {\it n}}
342
\cr
343
enable once \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}};
344
disable again when reached
345
\cr
346
enable del \opt{{\it n}}&enable breakpoints \opt{or breakpoint {\it n}};
347
delete when reached
348
\cr
349
\cr
350
ignore {\it n} {\it count}&ignore breakpoint {\it n}, {\it count}
351
times\cr
352
\cr
353
commands {\it n}\par
354
\qquad \opt{\tt silent}\par
355
\qquad {\it command-list}&execute GDB {\it command-list} every time breakpoint {\it n} is reached. \opt{{\tt silent} suppresses default
356
display}\cr
357
end&end of {\it command-list}\cr
358
\endsec
359
 
360
\sec Program Stack;
361
backtrace \opt{\it n}\par
362
bt \opt{\it n}&print trace of all frames in stack; or of {\it n}
363
frames---innermost if {\it n}{\tt >0}, outermost if {\it n}{\tt <0}\cr
364
frame \opt{\it n}&select frame number {\it n} or frame at address {\it
365
n}; if no {\it n}, display current frame\cr
366
up {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames up\cr
367
down {\it n}&select frame {\it n} frames down\cr
368
info frame \opt{\it addr}&describe selected frame, or frame at
369
{\it addr}\cr
370
info args&arguments of selected frame\cr
371
info locals&local variables of selected frame\cr
372
info reg \opt{\it rn}$\ldots$\par
373
info all-reg \opt{\it rn}&register values \opt{for regs {\it rn\/}} in
374
selected frame; {\tt all-reg} includes floating point\cr
375
\endsec
376
 
377
\vfill\eject
378
\sec Execution Control;
379
continue \opt{\it count}\par
380
c \opt{\it count}&continue running; if {\it count} specified, ignore
381
this breakpoint next {\it count} times\cr
382
\cr
383
step \opt{\it count}\par
384
s \opt{\it count}&execute until another line reached; repeat {\it count} times if
385
specified\cr
386
stepi \opt{\it count}\par
387
si \opt{\it count}&step by machine instructions rather than source
388
lines\cr
389
\cr
390
next \opt{\it count}\par
391
n \opt{\it count}&execute next line, including any function calls\cr
392
nexti \opt{\it count}\par
393
ni \opt{\it count}&next machine instruction rather than source
394
line\cr
395
\cr
396
until \opt{\it location}&run until next instruction (or {\it
397
location})\cr
398
finish&run until selected stack frame returns\cr
399
return \opt{\it expr}&pop selected stack frame without executing
400
\opt{setting return value}\cr
401
signal {\it num}&resume execution with signal {\it s} (none if {\tt 0})\cr
402
jump {\it line}\par
403
jump *{\it address}&resume execution at specified {\it line} number or
404
{\it address}\cr
405
set var={\it expr}&evaluate {\it expr} without displaying it; use for
406
altering program variables\cr
407
\endsec
408
 
409
\sec Display;
410
print \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} \opt{\it expr}\par
411
p \opt{\tt/{\it f}\/} \opt{\it expr}&show value of {\it expr} \opt{or
412
last value \tt \$} according to format {\it f}:\cr
413
\qquad x&hexadecimal\cr
414
\qquad d&signed decimal\cr
415
\qquad u&unsigned decimal\cr
416
\qquad o&octal\cr
417
\qquad t&binary\cr
418
\qquad a&address, absolute and relative\cr
419
\qquad c&character\cr
420
\qquad f&floating point\cr
421
call \opt{\tt /{\it f}\/} {\it expr}&like {\tt print} but does not display
422
{\tt void}\cr
423
x \opt{\tt/{\it Nuf}\/} {\it expr}&examine memory at address {\it expr};
424
optional format spec follows slash\cr
425
\quad {\it N}&count of how many units to display\cr
426
\quad {\it u}&unit size; one of\cr
427
&{\tt\qquad b}\ individual bytes\cr
428
&{\tt\qquad h}\ halfwords (two bytes)\cr
429
&{\tt\qquad w}\ words (four bytes)\cr
430
&{\tt\qquad g}\ giant words (eight bytes)\cr
431
\quad {\it f}&printing format.  Any {\tt print} format, or\cr
432
&{\tt\qquad s}\ null-terminated string\cr
433
&{\tt\qquad i}\ machine instructions\cr
434
disassem \opt{\it addr}&display memory as machine instructions\cr
435
\endsec
436
 
437
\sec Automatic Display;
438
display \opt{\tt/\it f\/} {\it expr}&show value of {\it expr} each time
439
program stops \opt{according to format {\it f}\/}\cr
440
display&display all enabled expressions on list\cr
441
undisplay {\it n}&remove number(s) {\it n} from list of
442
automatically displayed expressions\cr
443
disable disp {\it n}&disable display for expression(s) number {\it
444
n}\cr
445
enable disp {\it n}&enable display for expression(s) number {\it
446
n}\cr
447
info display&numbered list of display expressions\cr
448
\endsec
449
 
450
\vfill\eject
451
 
452
\sec Expressions;
453
{\it expr}&an expression in C, C++, or Modula-2 (including function calls), or:\cr
454
{\it addr\/}@{\it len}&an array of {\it len} elements beginning at {\it
455
addr}\cr
456
{\it file}::{\it nm}&a variable or function {\it nm} defined in {\it
457
file}\cr
458
$\tt\{${\it type}$\tt\}${\it addr}&read memory at {\it addr} as specified
459
{\it type}\cr
460
\$&most recent displayed value\cr
461
\${\it n}&{\it n}th displayed value\cr
462
\$\$&displayed value previous to \$\cr
463
\$\${\it n}&{\it n}th displayed value back from \$\cr
464
\$\_&last address examined with {\tt x}\cr
465
\$\_\_&value at address \$\_\cr
466
\${\it var}&convenience variable; assign any value\cr
467
\cr
468
show values \opt{{\it n}}&show last 10 values \opt{or surrounding
469
\${\it n}}\cr
470
show conv&display all convenience variables\cr
471
\endsec
472
 
473
\sec Symbol Table;
474
info address {\it s}&show where symbol {\it s} is stored\cr
475
info func \opt{\it regex}&show names, types of defined functions
476
(all, or matching {\it regex})\cr
477
info var \opt{\it regex}&show names, types of global variables (all,
478
or matching {\it regex})\cr
479
whatis \opt{\it expr}\par
480
ptype \opt{\it expr}&show data type of {\it expr} \opt{or \tt \$}
481
without evaluating; {\tt ptype} gives more detail\cr
482
ptype {\it type}&describe type, struct, union, or enum\cr
483
\endsec
484
 
485
\sec GDB Scripts;
486
source {\it script}&read, execute GDB commands from file {\it
487
script}\cr
488
\cr
489
define {\it cmd}\par
490
\qquad {\it command-list}&create new GDB command {\it cmd};
491
execute script defined by {\it command-list}\cr
492
end&end of {\it command-list}\cr
493
document {\it cmd}\par
494
\qquad {\it help-text}&create online documentation
495
for new GDB command {\it cmd}\cr
496
end&end of {\it help-text}\cr
497
\endsec
498
 
499
\sec Signals;
500
handle {\it signal} {\it act}&specify GDB actions for {\it signal}:\cr
501
\quad print&announce signal\cr
502
\quad noprint&be silent for signal\cr
503
\quad stop&halt execution on signal\cr
504
\quad nostop&do not halt execution\cr
505
\quad pass&allow your program to handle signal\cr
506
\quad nopass&do not allow your program to see signal\cr
507
info signals&show table of signals, GDB action for each\cr
508
\endsec
509
 
510
\sec Debugging Targets;
511
target {\it type} {\it param}&connect to target machine, process, or file\cr
512
help target&display available targets\cr
513
attach {\it param}&connect to another process\cr
514
detach&release target from GDB control\cr
515
\endsec
516
 
517
\vfill\eject
518
\sec Controlling GDB;
519
set {\it param} {\it value}&set one of GDB's internal parameters\cr
520
show {\it param}&display current setting of parameter\cr
521
\xtra{\rm Parameters understood by {\tt set} and {\tt show}:}
522
\quad complaint {\it limit}&number of messages on unusual symbols\cr
523
\quad confirm {\it on/off}&enable or disable cautionary queries\cr
524
\quad editing {\it on/off}&control {\tt readline} command-line editing\cr
525
\quad height {\it lpp}&number of lines before pause in display\cr
526
\quad language {\it lang}&Language for GDB expressions ({\tt auto}, {\tt c} or
527
{\tt modula-2})\cr
528
\quad listsize {\it n}&number of lines shown by {\tt list}\cr
529
\quad prompt {\it str}&use {\it str} as GDB prompt\cr
530
\quad radix {\it base}&octal, decimal, or hex number representation\cr
531
\quad verbose {\it on/off}&control messages when loading
532
symbols\cr
533
\quad width {\it cpl}&number of characters before line folded\cr
534
\quad write {\it on/off}&Allow or forbid patching binary, core files
535
(when reopened with {\tt exec} or {\tt core})
536
\cr
537
\quad history $\ldots$\par
538
\quad h $\ldots$&groups with the following options:\cr
539
\quad h exp {\it off/on}&disable/enable {\tt readline} history expansion\cr
540
\quad h file {\it filename}&file for recording GDB command history\cr
541
\quad h size {\it size}&number of commands kept in history list\cr
542
\quad h save {\it off/on}&control use of external file for
543
command history\cr
544
\cr
545
\quad print $\ldots$\par
546
\quad p $\ldots$&groups with the following options:\cr
547
\quad p address {\it on/off}&print memory addresses in stacks,
548
values\cr
549
\quad p  array {\it off/on}&compact or attractive format for
550
arrays\cr
551
\quad p demangl {\it on/off}&source (demangled) or internal form for C++
552
symbols\cr
553
\quad p asm-dem {\it on/off}&demangle C++ symbols in
554
machine-instruction output\cr
555
\quad p elements {\it limit}&number of array elements to display\cr
556
\quad p object {\it on/off}&print C++ derived types for objects\cr
557
\quad p pretty {\it off/on}&struct display: compact or indented\cr
558
\quad p union {\it on/off}&display of union members\cr
559
\quad p vtbl {\it off/on}&display of C++ virtual function
560
tables\cr
561
\cr
562
show commands&show last 10 commands\cr
563
show commands {\it n}&show 10 commands around number {\it n}\cr
564
show commands +&show next 10 commands\cr
565
\endsec
566
 
567
\sec Working Files;
568
file \opt{\it file}&use {\it file} for both symbols and executable;
569
with no arg, discard both\cr
570
core \opt{\it file}&read {\it file} as coredump; or discard\cr
571
exec \opt{\it file}&use {\it file} as executable only; or discard\cr
572
symbol \opt{\it file}&use symbol table from {\it file}; or discard\cr
573
load {\it file}&dynamically link {\it file\/} and add its symbols\cr
574
add-sym {\it file} {\it addr}&read additional symbols from {\it file},
575
dynamically loaded at {\it addr}\cr
576
info files&display working files and targets in use\cr
577
path {\it dirs}&add {\it dirs} to front of path searched for
578
executable and symbol files\cr
579
show path&display executable and symbol file path\cr
580
info share&list names of shared libraries currently loaded\cr
581
\endsec
582
 
583
\vfill\eject
584
\sec Source Files;
585
dir {\it names}&add directory {\it names} to front of source path\cr
586
dir&clear source path\cr
587
show dir&show current source path\cr
588
\cr
589
list&show next ten lines of source\cr
590
list -&show previous ten lines\cr
591
list {\it lines}&display source surrounding {\it lines},
592
specified as:\cr
593
\quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it num}&line number \opt{in named file}\cr
594
\quad{\opt{\it file\tt:}\it function}&beginning of function \opt{in
595
named file}\cr
596
\quad{\tt +\it off}&{\it off} lines after last printed\cr
597
\quad{\tt -\it off}&{\it off} lines previous to last printed\cr
598
\quad{\tt*\it address}&line containing {\it address}\cr
599
list {\it f},{\it l}&from line {\it f} to line {\it l}\cr
600
info line {\it num}&show starting, ending addresses of compiled code for
601
source line {\it num}\cr
602
info source&show name of current source file\cr
603
info sources&list all source files in use\cr
604
forw {\it regex}&search following source lines for {\it regex}\cr
605
rev {\it regex}&search preceding source lines for {\it regex}\cr
606
\endsec
607
 
608
\sec GDB under GNU Emacs;
609
M-x gdb&run GDB under Emacs\cr
610
\ctl{h} m&describe GDB mode\cr
611
M-s&step one line ({\tt step})\cr
612
M-n&next line ({\tt next})\cr
613
M-i&step one instruction ({\tt stepi})\cr
614
\ctl{c} \ctl{f}&finish current stack frame ({\tt finish})\cr
615
M-c&continue ({\tt cont})\cr
616
M-u&up {\it arg} frames ({\tt up})\cr
617
M-d&down {\it arg} frames ({\tt down})\cr
618
\ctl{x} \&&copy number from point, insert at end\cr
619
\ctl{x} SPC&(in source file) set break at point\cr
620
\endsec
621
 
622
\sec GDB License;
623
show copying&Display GNU General Public License\cr
624
show warranty&There is NO WARRANTY for GDB.  Display full no-warranty
625
statement.\cr
626
\endsec
627
 
628
 
629
\vfill
630
{\smrm\parskip=6pt
631
\centerline{Copyright \copyright 1991, '92, '93, '98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.}
632
\centerline{Roland H. Pesch}
633
\centerline{The author assumes no responsibility for any errors on this card.}
634
 
635
This card may be freely distributed under the terms of the GNU
636
General Public License.
637
 
638
\centerline{Please contribute to development of this card by
639
annotating it.  Improvements can be sent to bug-gdb@gnu.org.}
640
 
641
GDB itself is free software; you are welcome to distribute copies of
642
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License.  There is
643
absolutely no warranty for GDB.
644
}
645
\end

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