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                       LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES
3
             Maintained by H. Peter Anvin 
4
 
5
                      Last revised: 3 June 2001
6
 
7
This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
8
device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
9
system.
10
 
11
The latest version of this list is available from
12
http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
13
ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/.  This version may be
14
newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
15
 
16
The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
17
 
18
This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
19
Standard (FHS).  The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
20
 
21
Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
22
platform only.  Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
23
the Atari platform only.
24
 
25
The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
26
removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released.
27
 
28
This document is in the public domain.  The author requests, however,
29
that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
30
permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
31
an unreasonable effort.
32
 
33
In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
34
least not without contacting me first.
35
 
36
I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
37
on this list.  Any such information requests will be deleted without
38
reply.
39
 
40
 
41
          **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
42
 
43
THE DEVICE REGISTRY IS OFFICIALLY FROZEN FOR LINUS TORVALDS' KERNEL
44
TREE.  At Linus' request, no more allocations will be made official
45
for Linus' kernel tree; the 3 June 2001 version of this list is the
46
official final version of this registry.  At Alan Cox' request,
47
however, the registry will continue to be maintained for the -ac
48
series of kernels, and registrations will be accepted.
49
 
50
To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
51
where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
52
appropriate device information.  Also, if you have additional
53
information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
54
made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
55
 
56
I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
57
This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
58
correct in a timely manner.  First of all, *please* send it to the
59
correct address... .  I receive hundreds of email
60
messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
61
in the avalanche.  Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
62
your mail again should I need to.  Too many people send me email
63
saying just "device number request" in the subject.
64
 
65
Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
66
as this list*.  The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
67
found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
68
device and avoid conflicts.
69
 
70
Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
71
up to date.  Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
72
in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
73
haven't been listed yet.
74
 
75
Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police."  Please don't be
76
offended.  I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
77
to cause conflicts down the road.  I am trying to avoid getting in a
78
situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
79
change.  Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
80
device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
81
where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
82
 
83
Your cooperation is appreciated.
84
 
85
 
86
 
87
 
88
 
89
  1 char        Memory devices
90
                  1 = /dev/mem          Physical memory access
91
                  2 = /dev/kmem         Kernel virtual memory access
92
                  3 = /dev/null         Null device
93
                  4 = /dev/port         I/O port access
94
                  5 = /dev/zero         Null byte source
95
                  6 = /dev/core         OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
96
                  7 = /dev/full         Returns ENOSPC on write
97
                  8 = /dev/random       Nondeterministic random number gen.
98
                  9 = /dev/urandom      Faster, less secure random number gen.
99
                 10 = /dev/aio          Asyncronous I/O notification interface
100
    block       RAM disk
101
 
102
                  1 = /dev/ram1         Second RAM disk
103
                    ...
104
                250 = /dev/initrd       Initial RAM disk {2.6}
105
 
106
                Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
107
                /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
108
                by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
109
                the initrd.
110
 
111
  2 char        Pseudo-TTY masters
112
 
113
                  1 = /dev/ptyp1        Second PTY master
114
                    ...
115
                255 = /dev/ptyef        256th PTY master
116
 
117
                Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
118
                * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
119
                * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
120
                  the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
121
                * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
122
                  the position within the series.
123
 
124
                These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
125
                devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
126
                master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
127
                demand.
128
 
129
    block       Floppy disks
130
 
131
                  1 = /dev/fd1          Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
132
                  2 = /dev/fd2          Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
133
                  3 = /dev/fd3          Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
134
                128 = /dev/fd4          Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
135
                129 = /dev/fd5          Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
136
                130 = /dev/fd6          Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
137
                131 = /dev/fd7          Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
138
 
139
                To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
140
 
141
                  4 = /dev/fd?d360      5.25"  360K in a 360K  drive(1)
142
                 20 = /dev/fd?h360      5.25"  360K in a 1200K drive(1)
143
                 48 = /dev/fd?h410      5.25"  410K in a 1200K drive
144
                 64 = /dev/fd?h420      5.25"  420K in a 1200K drive
145
                 24 = /dev/fd?h720      5.25"  720K in a 1200K drive
146
                 80 = /dev/fd?h880      5.25"  880K in a 1200K drive(1)
147
                  8 = /dev/fd?h1200     5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
148
                 40 = /dev/fd?h1440     5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
149
                 56 = /dev/fd?h1476     5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
150
                 72 = /dev/fd?h1494     5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
151
                 92 = /dev/fd?h1600     5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
152
 
153
                 12 = /dev/fd?u360      3.5"   360K Double Density(2)
154
                 16 = /dev/fd?u720      3.5"   720K Double Density(1)
155
                120 = /dev/fd?u800      3.5"   800K Double Density(2)
156
                 52 = /dev/fd?u820      3.5"   820K Double Density
157
                 68 = /dev/fd?u830      3.5"   830K Double Density
158
                 84 = /dev/fd?u1040     3.5"  1040K Double Density(1)
159
                 88 = /dev/fd?u1120     3.5"  1120K Double Density(1)
160
                 28 = /dev/fd?u1440     3.5"  1440K High Density(1)
161
                124 = /dev/fd?u1600     3.5"  1600K High Density(1)
162
                 44 = /dev/fd?u1680     3.5"  1680K High Density(3)
163
                 60 = /dev/fd?u1722     3.5"  1722K High Density
164
                 76 = /dev/fd?u1743     3.5"  1743K High Density
165
                 96 = /dev/fd?u1760     3.5"  1760K High Density
166
                116 = /dev/fd?u1840     3.5"  1840K High Density(3)
167
                100 = /dev/fd?u1920     3.5"  1920K High Density(1)
168
                 32 = /dev/fd?u2880     3.5"  2880K Extra Density(1)
169
                104 = /dev/fd?u3200     3.5"  3200K Extra Density
170
                108 = /dev/fd?u3520     3.5"  3520K Extra Density
171
                112 = /dev/fd?u3840     3.5"  3840K Extra Density(1)
172
 
173
                 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ    Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
174
 
175
                (1) Autodetectable format
176
                (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
177
                (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
178
 
179
                NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
180
                signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
181
                5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
182
                (any model, u).  The use of the capital letters D, H
183
                and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
184
                the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
185
 
186
  3 char        Pseudo-TTY slaves
187
 
188
                  1 = /dev/ttyp1        Second PTY slave
189
                    ...
190
                255 = /dev/ttyef        256th PTY slave
191
 
192
                These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
193
                devices are on major 136 and above.
194
 
195
    block       First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
196
 
197
                 64 = /dev/hdb          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
198
 
199
                For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
200
 
201
                  1 = /dev/hd?1         First partition
202
                  2 = /dev/hd?2         Second partition
203
                    ...
204
                 63 = /dev/hd?63        63rd partition
205
 
206
                For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
207
                partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
208
                Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
209
                appropriate to their respective architectures.
210
 
211
  4 char        TTY devices
212
 
213
 
214
                  1 = /dev/tty1         First virtual console
215
                    ...
216
                 63 = /dev/tty63        63rd virtual console
217
                 64 = /dev/ttyS0        First UART serial port
218
                    ...
219
                255 = /dev/ttyS191      192nd UART serial port
220
 
221
                UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
222
 
223
                Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
224
                number for BSD PTY devices.  As of Linux 2.1.115, this
225
                is no longer supported.  Use major numbers 2 and 3.
226
 
227
  5 char        Alternate TTY devices
228
 
229
                  1 = /dev/console      System console
230
                  2 = /dev/ptmx         PTY master multiplex
231
                 64 = /dev/cua0         Callout device for ttyS0
232
                    ...
233
                255 = /dev/cua191       Callout device for ttyS191
234
 
235
                (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71.  See
236
                the section on terminal devices for more information
237
                on /dev/console.
238
 
239
  6 char        Parallel printer devices
240
 
241
                  1 = /dev/lp1          Parallel printer on parport1
242
                    ...
243
 
244
                Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
245
                between parallel ports and I/O addresses.  Instead,
246
                they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
247
 
248
  7 char        Virtual console capture devices
249
 
250
                  1 = /dev/vcs1         tty1 text contents
251
                    ...
252
                 63 = /dev/vcs63        tty63 text contents
253
                128 = /dev/vcsa         Current vc text/attribute contents
254
                129 = /dev/vcsa1        tty1 text/attribute contents
255
                    ...
256
                191 = /dev/vcsa63       tty63 text/attribute contents
257
 
258
                NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
259
 
260
    block       Loopback devices
261
 
262
                  1 = /dev/loop1        Second loopback device
263
                    ...
264
 
265
                The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not
266
                associated with block devices.  The binding to the
267
                loopback devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
268
 
269
  8 block       SCSI disk devices (0-15)
270
 
271
                 16 = /dev/sdb          Second SCSI disk whole disk
272
                 32 = /dev/sdc          Third SCSI disk whole disk
273
                    ...
274
                240 = /dev/sdp          Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
275
 
276
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
277
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
278
                partitions is 15.
279
 
280
  9 char        SCSI tape devices
281
 
282
                  1 = /dev/st1          Second SCSI tape, mode 0
283
                    ...
284
                 32 = /dev/st0l         First SCSI tape, mode 1
285
                 33 = /dev/st1l         Second SCSI tape, mode 1
286
                    ...
287
                 64 = /dev/st0m         First SCSI tape, mode 2
288
                 65 = /dev/st1m         Second SCSI tape, mode 2
289
                    ...
290
                 96 = /dev/st0a         First SCSI tape, mode 3
291
                 97 = /dev/st1a         Second SCSI tape, mode 3
292
                      ...
293
                128 = /dev/nst0         First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
294
                129 = /dev/nst1         Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
295
                    ...
296
                160 = /dev/nst0l        First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
297
                161 = /dev/nst1l        Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
298
                    ...
299
                192 = /dev/nst0m        First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
300
                193 = /dev/nst1m        Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
301
                    ...
302
                224 = /dev/nst0a        First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
303
                225 = /dev/nst1a        Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
304
                    ...
305
 
306
                "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
307
                automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
308
                ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
309
                the device used to access it.
310
 
311
    block       Metadisk (RAID) devices
312
 
313
                  1 = /dev/md1          Second metadisk group
314
                    ...
315
 
316
                The metadisk driver is used to span a
317
                filesystem across multiple physical disks.
318
 
319
 10 char        Non-serial mice, misc features
320
 
321
                  1 = /dev/psaux        PS/2-style mouse port
322
                  2 = /dev/inportbm     Microsoft Inport bus mouse
323
                  3 = /dev/atibm        ATI XL bus mouse
324
                  4 = /dev/jbm          J-mouse
325
                  4 = /dev/amigamouse   Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
326
                  5 = /dev/atarimouse   Atari mouse
327
                  6 = /dev/sunmouse     Sun mouse
328
                  7 = /dev/amigamouse1  Second Amiga mouse
329
                  8 = /dev/smouse       Simple serial mouse driver
330
                  9 = /dev/pc110pad     IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
331
                 10 = /dev/adbmouse     Apple Desktop Bus mouse
332
                 11 = /dev/vrtpanel     Vr41xx embedded touch panel
333
                 13 = /dev/vpcmouse     Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
334
                 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00  UCB 1x00 touchscreen
335
                 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712    MK712 touchscreen
336
                128 = /dev/beep         Fancy beep device
337
                129 = /dev/modreq       Kernel module load request {2.6}
338
                130 = /dev/watchdog     Watchdog timer port
339
                131 = /dev/temperature  Machine internal temperature
340
                132 = /dev/hwtrap       Hardware fault trap
341
                133 = /dev/exttrp       External device trap
342
                134 = /dev/apm_bios     Advanced Power Management BIOS
343
                135 = /dev/rtc          Real Time Clock
344
                139 = /dev/openprom     SPARC OpenBoot PROM
345
                140 = /dev/relay8       Berkshire Products Octal relay card
346
                141 = /dev/relay16      Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
347
                142 = /dev/msr          x86 model-specific registers {2.6}
348
                143 = /dev/pciconf      PCI configuration space
349
                144 = /dev/nvram        Non-volatile configuration RAM
350
                145 = /dev/hfmodem      Soundcard shortwave modem control {2.6}
351
                146 = /dev/graphics     Linux/SGI graphics device
352
                147 = /dev/opengl       Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
353
                148 = /dev/gfx          Linux/SGI graphics effects device
354
                149 = /dev/input/mouse  Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
355
                150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
356
                151 = /dev/led          Front panel LEDs
357
                153 = /dev/mergemem     Memory merge device
358
                154 = /dev/pmu          Macintosh PowerBook power manager
359
                155 = /dev/isictl       MultiTech ISICom serial control
360
                156 = /dev/lcd          Front panel LCD display
361
                157 = /dev/ac           Applicom Intl Profibus card
362
                158 = /dev/nwbutton     Netwinder external button
363
                159 = /dev/nwdebug      Netwinder debug interface
364
                160 = /dev/nwflash      Netwinder flash memory
365
                161 = /dev/userdma      User-space DMA access
366
                162 = /dev/smbus        System Management Bus
367
                163 = /dev/lik          Logitech Internet Keyboard
368
                164 = /dev/ipmo         Intel Intelligent Platform Management
369
                165 = /dev/vmmon        VMWare virtual machine monitor
370
                166 = /dev/i2o/ctl      I2O configuration manager
371
                167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
372
                168 = /dev/tcldrv       Technology Concepts serial control
373
                169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
374
                170 = /dev/smapi        IBM Thinkpad SMAPI
375
                171 = /dev/srripc       QNX4 API IPC manager
376
                172 = /dev/usemaclone   Semaphore clone device
377
                173 = /dev/ipmikcs      Intelligent Platform Management
378
                174 = /dev/uctrl        SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
379
                175 = /dev/agpgart      AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
380
                176 = /dev/gtrsc        Gorgy Timing radio clock
381
                177 = /dev/cbm          Serial CBM bus
382
                178 = /dev/jsflash      JavaStation OS flash SIMM
383
                179 = /dev/xsvc         High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
384
                180 = /dev/vrbuttons    Vr41xx button input device
385
                181 = /dev/toshiba      Toshiba laptop SMM support
386
                182 = /dev/perfctr      Performance-monitoring counters
387
                183 = /dev/intel_rng    Intel i8x0 random number generator
388
                184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
389
                186 = /dev/atomicps     Atomic shapshot of process state data
390
                187 = /dev/irnet        IrNET device
391
                188 = /dev/smbusbios    SMBus BIOS
392
                189 = /dev/ussp_ctl     User space serial port control
393
                190 = /dev/crash        Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
394
                191 = /dev/pcl181       
395
                192 = /dev/nas_xbus     NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
396
                193 = /dev/d7s          SPARC 7-segment display
397
                194 = /dev/zkshim       Zero-Knowledge network shim control
398
                195 = /dev/elographics/e2201    Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
399
                198 = /dev/sexec        Signed executable interface
400
                199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
401
                200 = /dev/net/tun      TAP/TUN network device
402
                201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
403
                204 = /dev/video/em8300         EM8300 DVD decoder control
404
                205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv      EM8300 DVD decoder video
405
                206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma      EM8300 DVD decoder audio
406
                207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp      EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
407
                208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc       Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
408
                209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid        Compaq Remote Insight Driver
409
                210 = /dev/impi/bt      IMPI coprocessor block transfer
410
                211 = /dev/impi/smic    IMPI coprocessor stream interface
411
                212 = /dev/watchdogs/0  First watchdog device
412
                213 = /dev/watchdogs/1  Second watchdog device
413
                214 = /dev/watchdogs/2  Third watchdog device
414
                215 = /dev/watchdogs/3  Fourth watchdog device
415
                216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel       Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
416
                217 = /dev/ni/natmotn           National Instruments Motion
417
                218 = /dev/kchuid       Inter-process chuid control
418
                219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
419
                220 = /dev/mptctl       Message passing technology (MPT) control
420
                221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi        Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
421
                222 = /dev/mvista/hasi          Montavista PICMG high availability
422
                223 = /dev/input/uinput         User level driver support for input
423
                240-255                 Reserved for local use
424
 
425
 11 char        Raw keyboard device
426
 
427
 
428
                The raw keyboard device is used on Linux/SPARC only.
429
 
430
    block       SCSI CD-ROM devices
431
 
432
                  1 = /dev/sr1          Second SCSI CD-ROM
433
                    ...
434
 
435
                The prefix /dev/scd instead of /dev/sr has been used
436
                as well, and might make more sense.
437
 
438
 12 char        QIC-02 tape
439
                  2 = /dev/ntpqic11     QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
440
                  3 = /dev/tpqic11      QIC-11, rewind-on-close
441
                  4 = /dev/ntpqic24     QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
442
                  5 = /dev/tpqic24      QIC-24, rewind-on-close
443
                  6 = /dev/ntpqic120    QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
444
                  7 = /dev/tpqic120     QIC-120, rewind-on-close
445
                  8 = /dev/ntpqic150    QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
446
                  9 = /dev/tpqic150     QIC-150, rewind-on-close
447
 
448
                The device names specified are proposed -- if there
449
                are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
450
 
451
    block       MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support {2.6}
452
 
453
                  1 = /dev/dos_cd1      Second MSCDEX CD-ROM
454
                    ...
455
 
456
 13 char        Input core
457
 
458
                  1 = /dev/input/js1    Second joystick
459
                    ...
460
                 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
461
                 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
462
                    ...
463
                 63 = /dev/input/mice   Unified mouse
464
                 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
465
                 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
466
                    ...
467
 
468
                Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
469
 
470
    block       8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
471
 
472
                 64 = /dev/xdb          Second XT disk whole disk
473
 
474
                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
475
                (see major number 3).
476
 
477
 14 char        Open Sound System (OSS)
478
 
479
                  1 = /dev/sequencer    Audio sequencer
480
                  2 = /dev/midi00       First MIDI port
481
                  3 = /dev/dsp          Digital audio
482
                  4 = /dev/audio        Sun-compatible digital audio
483
                  6 = /dev/sndstat      Sound card status information {2.6}
484
                  7 = /dev/audioctl     SPARC audio control device
485
                  8 = /dev/sequencer2   Sequencer -- alternate device
486
                 16 = /dev/mixer1       Second soundcard mixer control
487
                 17 = /dev/patmgr0      Sequencer patch manager
488
                 18 = /dev/midi01       Second MIDI port
489
                 19 = /dev/dsp1         Second soundcard digital audio
490
                 20 = /dev/audio1       Second soundcard Sun digital audio
491
                 33 = /dev/patmgr1      Sequencer patch manager
492
                 34 = /dev/midi02       Third MIDI port
493
                 50 = /dev/midi03       Fourth MIDI port
494
    block       BIOS harddrive callback support {2.6}
495
 
496
                 64 = /dev/dos_hdb      Second BIOS harddrive whole disk
497
                128 = /dev/dos_hdc      Third BIOS harddrive whole disk
498
                192 = /dev/dos_hdd      Fourth BIOS harddrive whole disk
499
 
500
                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
501
                (see major number 3).
502
 
503
 15 char        Joystick
504
 
505
                  1 = /dev/js1          Second analog joystick
506
                    ...
507
                128 = /dev/djs0         First digital joystick
508
                129 = /dev/djs1         Second digital joystick
509
                    ...
510
    block       Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
511
 
512
 
513
 16 char        Non-SCSI scanners
514
 
515
    block       GoldStar CD-ROM
516
 
517
 
518
 17 char        Chase serial card
519
 
520
                  1 = /dev/ttyH1        Second Chase port
521
                    ...
522
    block       Optics Storage CD-ROM
523
 
524
 
525
 18 char        Chase serial card - alternate devices
526
 
527
                  1 = /dev/cuh1         Callout device for ttyH1
528
                    ...
529
    block       Sanyo CD-ROM
530
 
531
 
532
 19 char        Cyclades serial card
533
 
534
                    ...
535
                 31 = /dev/ttyC31       32nd Cyclades port
536
    block       "Double" compressed disk
537
 
538
                    ...
539
                  7 = /dev/double7      Eighth compressed disk
540
                128 = /dev/cdouble0     Mirror of first compressed disk
541
                    ...
542
                135 = /dev/cdouble7     Mirror of eighth compressed disk
543
 
544
                See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
545
                mirror devices.
546
 
547
 20 char        Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
548
 
549
                    ...
550
                 31 = /dev/cub31        Callout device for ttyC31
551
    block       Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
552
 
553
 
554
 21 char        Generic SCSI access
555
 
556
                  1 = /dev/sg1          Second generic SCSI device
557
                    ...
558
 
559
                Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
560
                this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
561
                the system and is counter to standard Linux
562
                device-naming practice.
563
 
564
    block       Acorn MFM hard drive interface
565
 
566
                 64 = /dev/mfmb         Second MFM drive whole disk
567
 
568
                This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
569
                Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
570
                (see major number 3).
571
 
572
 22 char        Digiboard serial card
573
 
574
                  1 = /dev/ttyD1        Second Digiboard port
575
                    ...
576
    block       Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
577
 
578
                 64 = /dev/hdd          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
579
 
580
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
581
                interface (see major number 3).
582
 
583
 23 char        Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
584
 
585
                  1 = /dev/cud1         Callout device for ttyD1
586
                      ...
587
    block       Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
588
 
589
 
590
 24 char        Stallion serial card
591
 
592
                  1 = /dev/ttyE1        Stallion port 1 card 0
593
                    ...
594
                 64 = /dev/ttyE64       Stallion port 0 card 1
595
                 65 = /dev/ttyE65       Stallion port 1 card 1
596
                      ...
597
                128 = /dev/ttyE128      Stallion port 0 card 2
598
                129 = /dev/ttyE129      Stallion port 1 card 2
599
                    ...
600
                192 = /dev/ttyE192      Stallion port 0 card 3
601
                193 = /dev/ttyE193      Stallion port 1 card 3
602
                    ...
603
    block       Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
604
 
605
 
606
 25 char        Stallion serial card - alternate devices
607
 
608
                  1 = /dev/cue1         Callout device for ttyE1
609
                    ...
610
                 64 = /dev/cue64        Callout device for ttyE64
611
                 65 = /dev/cue65        Callout device for ttyE65
612
                    ...
613
                128 = /dev/cue128       Callout device for ttyE128
614
                129 = /dev/cue129       Callout device for ttyE129
615
                    ...
616
                192 = /dev/cue192       Callout device for ttyE192
617
                193 = /dev/cue193       Callout device for ttyE193
618
                      ...
619
    block       First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
620
 
621
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd1       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
622
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd2       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
623
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd3       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
624
 
625
 26 char        Quanta WinVision frame grabber {2.6}
626
 
627
    block       Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
628
 
629
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd5       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
630
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd6       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
631
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd7       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
632
 
633
 27 char        QIC-117 tape
634
 
635
                  1 = /dev/qft1         Unit 1, rewind-on-close
636
                  2 = /dev/qft2         Unit 2, rewind-on-close
637
                  3 = /dev/qft3         Unit 3, rewind-on-close
638
                  4 = /dev/nqft0        Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
639
                  5 = /dev/nqft1        Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
640
                  6 = /dev/nqft2        Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
641
                  7 = /dev/nqft3        Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
642
                 16 = /dev/zqft0        Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
643
                 17 = /dev/zqft1        Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
644
                 18 = /dev/zqft2        Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
645
                 19 = /dev/zqft3        Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
646
                 20 = /dev/nzqft0       Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
647
                 21 = /dev/nzqft1       Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
648
                 22 = /dev/nzqft2       Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
649
                 23 = /dev/nzqft3       Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
650
                 32 = /dev/rawqft0      Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
651
                 33 = /dev/rawqft1      Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
652
                 34 = /dev/rawqft2      Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
653
                 35 = /dev/rawqft3      Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
654
                 36 = /dev/nrawqft0     Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
655
                 37 = /dev/nrawqft1     Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
656
                 38 = /dev/nrawqft2     Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
657
                 39 = /dev/nrawqft3     Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
658
    block       Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
659
 
660
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd9       Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
661
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd10      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
662
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd11      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
663
 
664
 28 char        Stallion serial card - card programming
665
 
666
                  1 = /dev/staliomem1   Second Stallion card I/O memory
667
                  2 = /dev/staliomem2   Third Stallion card I/O memory
668
                  3 = /dev/staliomem3   Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
669
    char        Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
670
 
671
                  1 = /dev/slm1         Second SLM laser printer
672
                    ...
673
    block       Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
674
 
675
                  1 = /dev/sbpcd13      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
676
                  2 = /dev/sbpcd14      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
677
                  3 = /dev/sbpcd15      Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
678
    block       ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
679
 
680
                 16 = /dev/adb          Second ACSI disk whole disk
681
                 32 = /dev/adc          Third ACSI disk whole disk
682
                    ...
683
                240 = /dev/adp          16th ACSI disk whole disk
684
 
685
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
686
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
687
                partitions is 15, like SCSI.
688
 
689
 29 char        Universal frame buffer
690
 
691
                  1 = /dev/fb1          Second frame buffer
692
                    ...
693
                 31 = /dev/fb31         32nd frame buffer
694
 
695
                For backwards compatibility {2.6} the following
696
                progression is also handled by current kernels:
697
 
698
                 32 = /dev/fb1
699
                    ...
700
                224 = /dev/fb7
701
 
702
    block       Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
703
 
704
 
705
 30 char        iBCS-2 compatibility devices
706
 
707
                  1 = /dev/spx          SVR3 local X interface
708
                  2 = /dev/inet/arp     Network access
709
                  2 = /dev/inet/icmp    Network access
710
                  2 = /dev/inet/ip      Network access
711
                  2 = /dev/inet/udp     Network access
712
                  2 = /dev/inet/tcp     Network access
713
 
714
                Additionally, iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link
715
                to /dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to
716
                /dev/null.
717
 
718
    block       Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
719
 
720
 
721
                /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device.  This
722
                driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
723
 
724
 31 char        MPU-401 MIDI
725
 
726
                  1 = /dev/mpu401stat   MPU-401 status port
727
    block       ROM/flash memory card
728
 
729
                      ...
730
                  7 = /dev/rom7         Eighth ROM card (rw)
731
                  8 = /dev/rrom0        First ROM card (ro)
732
                    ...
733
                 15 = /dev/rrom7        Eighth ROM card (ro)
734
                 16 = /dev/flash0       First flash memory card (rw)
735
                    ...
736
                 23 = /dev/flash7       Eighth flash memory card (rw)
737
                 24 = /dev/rflash0      First flash memory card (ro)
738
                    ...
739
                 31 = /dev/rflash7      Eighth flash memory card (ro)
740
 
741
                The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
742
                written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
743
                devices.  The read-only devices (ro) support reading
744
                only.
745
 
746
 32 char        Specialix serial card
747
 
748
                  1 = /dev/ttyX1        Second Specialix port
749
                    ...
750
    block       Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
751
 
752
 
753
 33 char        Specialix serial card - alternate devices
754
 
755
                  1 = /dev/cux1         Callout device for ttyX1
756
                    ...
757
    block       Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
758
 
759
                 64 = /dev/hdf          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
760
 
761
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
762
                interface (see major number 3).
763
 
764
 34 char        Z8530 HDLC driver
765
 
766
                  1 = /dev/scc1         First Z8530, second port
767
                  2 = /dev/scc2         Second Z8530, first port
768
                  3 = /dev/scc3         Second Z8530, second port
769
                    ...
770
 
771
                In a previous version these devices were named
772
                /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
773
                on.
774
 
775
    block       Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
776
 
777
                 64 = /dev/hdh          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
778
 
779
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
780
                interface (see major number 3).
781
 
782
 35 char        tclmidi MIDI driver
783
 
784
                  1 = /dev/midi1        Second MIDI port, kernel timed
785
                  2 = /dev/midi2        Third MIDI port, kernel timed
786
                  3 = /dev/midi3        Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
787
                 64 = /dev/rmidi0       First MIDI port, untimed
788
                 65 = /dev/rmidi1       Second MIDI port, untimed
789
                 66 = /dev/rmidi2       Third MIDI port, untimed
790
                 67 = /dev/rmidi3       Fourth MIDI port, untimed
791
                128 = /dev/smpte0       First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
792
                129 = /dev/smpte1       Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
793
                130 = /dev/smpte2       Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
794
                131 = /dev/smpte3       Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
795
    block       Slow memory ramdisk
796
 
797
 
798
 36 char        Netlink support
799
 
800
                  1 = /dev/skip         enSKIP security cache control
801
                  3 = /dev/fwmonitor    Firewall packet copies
802
                 16 = /dev/tap0         First Ethertap device
803
                    ...
804
                 31 = /dev/tap15        16th Ethertap device
805
    block       MCA ESDI hard disk
806
 
807
                 64 = /dev/edb          Second ESDI disk whole disk
808
                    ...
809
 
810
                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
811
                (see major number 3).
812
 
813
 37 char        IDE tape
814
 
815
                  1 = /dev/ht1          Second IDE tape
816
                    ...
817
                128 = /dev/nht0         First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
818
                129 = /dev/nht1         Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
819
                    ...
820
 
821
                Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
822
 
823
    block       Zorro II ramdisk
824
 
825
 
826
 38 char        Myricom PCI Myrinet board
827
 
828
                  1 = /dev/mlanai1      Second Myrinet board
829
                    ...
830
 
831
                This device is used for status query, board control
832
                and "user level packet I/O."  This board is also
833
                accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
834
 
835
    block       Reserved for Linux/AP+
836
 
837
 39 char        ML-16P experimental I/O board
838
 
839
                  1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1    First card, second analog channel
840
                    ...
841
                 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15   First card, 16th analog channel
842
                 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d     First card, digital lines
843
                 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0    First card, first counter/timer
844
                 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1    First card, second counter/timer
845
                 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2    First card, third counter/timer
846
                 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0    Second card, first analog channel
847
                 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1    Second card, second analog channel
848
                    ...
849
                 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15   Second card, 16th analog channel
850
                 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d     Second card, digital lines
851
                 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0    Second card, first counter/timer
852
                 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1    Second card, second counter/timer
853
                 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2    Second card, third counter/timer
854
                      ...
855
    block       Reserved for Linux/AP+
856
 
857
 40 char        Matrox Meteor frame grabber {2.6}
858
 
859
    block       Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
860
 
861
 
862
                This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
863
                future version of Linux.  It has been replaced with
864
                the parallel port IDE disk driver at major number 45.
865
                Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
866
                (see major number 3).
867
 
868
 41 char        Yet Another Micro Monitor
869
 
870
    block       MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
871
 
872
 
873
                This device is obsolete and will be removed in a
874
                future version of Linux.  It has been replaced with
875
                the parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM driver at major number 46.
876
 
877
 42             Demo/sample use
878
 
879
                This number is intended for use in sample code, as
880
                well as a general "example" device number.  It
881
                should never be used for a device driver that is being
882
                distributed; either obtain an official number or use
883
                the local/experimental range.  The sudden addition or
884
                removal of a driver with this number should not cause
885
                ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
886
 
887
                IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
888
                DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
889
 
890
 43 char        isdn4linux virtual modem
891
 
892
                    ...
893
                 63 = /dev/ttyI63       64th virtual modem
894
    block       Network block devices
895
 
896
                  1 = /dev/nb1          Second network block device
897
                    ...
898
 
899
                Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
900
                devices: If you read from it, it sends packet accross
901
                network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
902
                sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
903
                to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
904
                the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
905
 
906
 44 char        isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
907
 
908
                    ...
909
                 63 = /dev/cui63        Callout device for ttyI63
910
    block       Flash Translatio Layer (FTL) filesystems
911
 
912
                 16 = /dev/ftlb         FTL on second Memory Technology Device
913
                 32 = /dev/ftlc         FTL on third Memory Technology Device
914
                    ...
915
                240 = /dev/ftlp         FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
916
 
917
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
918
                disks (see major number 3) expect that the partition
919
                limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
920
 
921
 45 char        isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
922
 
923
                    ...
924
                 63 = /dev/isdn63       64th virtual B channel raw data
925
                 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0    First channel control/debug
926
                    ...
927
                127 = /dev/isdnctrl63   64th channel control/debug
928
 
929
                128 = /dev/ippp0        First SyncPPP device
930
                    ...
931
                191 = /dev/ippp63       64th SyncPPP device
932
 
933
                255 = /dev/isdninfo     ISDN monitor interface
934
    block       Parallel port IDE disk devices
935
 
936
                 16 = /dev/pdb          Second parallel port IDE disk
937
                 32 = /dev/pdc          Third parallel port IDE disk
938
                 48 = /dev/pdd          Fourth parallel port IDE disk
939
 
940
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
941
                disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
942
                limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
943
 
944
 46 char        Comtrol Rocketport serial card
945
 
946
                  1 = /dev/ttyR1        Second Rocketport port
947
                    ...
948
    block       Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
949
 
950
                  1 = /dev/pcd1         Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
951
                  2 = /dev/pcd2         Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
952
                  3 = /dev/pcd3         Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
953
 
954
 47 char        Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
955
 
956
                  1 = /dev/cur1         Callout device for ttyR1
957
                    ...
958
    block       Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
959
 
960
                  1 = /dev/pf1          Second parallel port ATAPI disk
961
                  2 = /dev/pf2          Third parallel port ATAPI disk
962
                  3 = /dev/pf3          Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
963
 
964
                This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
965
                devices and hence does not support partitioning.
966
 
967
 48 char        SDL RISCom serial card
968
 
969
                  1 = /dev/ttyL1        Second RISCom port
970
                    ...
971
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
972
 
973
                  8 = /dev/rd/c0d1      Second disk, whole disk
974
                    ...
975
                248 = /dev/rd/c0d31     32nd disk, whole disk
976
 
977
                For partitions add:
978
 
979
                  1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1    First partition
980
                    ...
981
                  7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7    Seventh partition
982
 
983
 49 char        SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
984
 
985
                  1 = /dev/cul1         Callout device for ttyL1
986
                    ...
987
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
988
 
989
                  8 = /dev/rd/c1d1      Second disk, whole disk
990
                    ...
991
                248 = /dev/rd/c1d31     32nd disk, whole disk
992
 
993
                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
994
 
995
 50 char        Reserved for GLINT
996
 
997
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
998
 
999
                  8 = /dev/rd/c2d1      Second disk, whole disk
1000
                    ...
1001
                248 = /dev/rd/c2d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1002
 
1003
 51 char        Baycom radio modem
1004
 
1005
                  1 = /dev/bc1          Second Baycom radio modem
1006
                    ...
1007
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1008
 
1009
                  8 = /dev/rd/c3d1      Second disk, whole disk
1010
                    ...
1011
                248 = /dev/rd/c3d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1012
 
1013
                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1014
 
1015
 52 char        Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1016
 
1017
                  1 = /dev/dcbri1       Second DataComm card
1018
                  2 = /dev/dcbri2       Third DataComm card
1019
                  3 = /dev/dcbri3       Fourth DataComm card
1020
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1021
 
1022
                  8 = /dev/rd/c4d1      Second disk, whole disk
1023
                    ...
1024
                248 = /dev/rd/c4d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1025
 
1026
                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1027
 
1028
 53 char        BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1029
 
1030
                  1 = /dev/pd_bdm1      PD BDM interface on lp1
1031
                  2 = /dev/pd_bdm2      PD BDM interface on lp2
1032
                  4 = /dev/icd_bdm0     ICD BDM interface on lp0
1033
                  5 = /dev/icd_bdm1     ICD BDM interface on lp1
1034
                  6 = /dev/icd_bdm2     ICD BDM interface on lp2
1035
 
1036
                This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1037
                microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1038
                Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1039
                Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1040
                by P&E.
1041
 
1042
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1043
 
1044
                  8 = /dev/rd/c5d1      Second disk, whole disk
1045
                    ...
1046
                248 = /dev/rd/c5d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1047
 
1048
                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1049
 
1050
 54 char        Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1051
 
1052
                  1 = /dev/holter1      Second Holter port
1053
                  2 = /dev/holter2      Third Holter port
1054
 
1055
                A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1056
                 to transfer data from Holter
1057
                24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1058
 
1059
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1060
 
1061
                  8 = /dev/rd/c6d1      Second disk, whole disk
1062
                    ...
1063
                248 = /dev/rd/c6d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1064
 
1065
                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1066
 
1067
 55 char        DSP56001 digital signal processor
1068
 
1069
    block       Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eigth controller
1070
 
1071
                  8 = /dev/rd/c7d1      Second disk, whole disk
1072
                    ...
1073
                248 = /dev/rd/c7d31     32nd disk, whole disk
1074
 
1075
                Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1076
 
1077
 56 char        Apple Desktop Bus
1078
 
1079
 
1080
                Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1081
                starting with /dev/adb.
1082
 
1083
    block       Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1084
 
1085
                 64 = /dev/hdj          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1086
 
1087
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1088
                interface (see major number 3).
1089
 
1090
 57 char        Hayes ESP serial card
1091
 
1092
                  1 = /dev/ttyP1        Second ESP port
1093
                    ...
1094
 
1095
    block       Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1096
 
1097
                 64 = /dev/hdl          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1098
 
1099
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1100
                interface (see major number 3).
1101
 
1102
 58 char        Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1103
 
1104
                  1 = /dev/cup1         Callout device for ttyP1
1105
                    ...
1106
    block       Reserved for logical volume manager
1107
 
1108
 59 char        sf firewall package
1109
 
1110
 
1111
    block       Generic PDA filesystem device
1112
 
1113
                  1 = /dev/pda1         Second PDA device
1114
                    ...
1115
 
1116
                The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1117
                remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1118
                proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1119
                running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1120
                IRDA / parallel links.
1121
 
1122
                NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1123
 
1124
 60-63          LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1125
                Allocated for local/experimental use.  For devices not
1126
                assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1127
                used, in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1128
 
1129
 64 char        ENskip kernel encryption package
1130
 
1131
 
1132
 65 char        Sundance "plink" Transputer boards
1133
 
1134
                  1 = /dev/plink1       Second plink device
1135
                  2 = /dev/plink2       Third plink device
1136
                  3 = /dev/plink3       Fourth plink device
1137
                 64 = /dev/rplink0      First plink device, raw
1138
                 65 = /dev/rplink1      Second plink device, raw
1139
                 66 = /dev/rplink2      Third plink device, raw
1140
                 67 = /dev/rplink3      Fourth plink device, raw
1141
                128 = /dev/plink0d      First plink device, debug
1142
                129 = /dev/plink1d      Second plink device, debug
1143
                130 = /dev/plink2d      Third plink device, debug
1144
                131 = /dev/plink3d      Fourth plink device, debug
1145
                192 = /dev/rplink0d     First plink device, raw, debug
1146
                193 = /dev/rplink1d     Second plink device, raw, debug
1147
                194 = /dev/rplink2d     Third plink device, raw, debug
1148
                195 = /dev/rplink3d     Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1149
 
1150
                This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1151
                 for information.
1152
 
1153
    block       SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1154
 
1155
                 16 = /dev/sdr          17th SCSI disk whole disk
1156
                 32 = /dev/sds          18th SCSI disk whole disk
1157
                    ...
1158
                240 = /dev/sdaf         32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1159
 
1160
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1161
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1162
                partitions is 15.
1163
 
1164
 66 char        YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1165
 
1166
                  1 = /dev/yppcpci1     Second YARC card
1167
                    ...
1168
 
1169
    block       SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1170
 
1171
                 16 = /dev/sdah         34th SCSI disk whole disk
1172
                 32 = /dev/sdai         35th SCSI disk whole disk
1173
                    ...
1174
                240 = /dev/sdav         48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1175
 
1176
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1177
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1178
                partitions is 15.
1179
 
1180
 67 char        Coda network file system
1181
 
1182
 
1183
                See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1184
 
1185
    block       SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1186
 
1187
                 16 = /dev/sdax         50th SCSI disk whole disk
1188
                 32 = /dev/sday         51st SCSI disk whole disk
1189
                    ...
1190
                240 = /dev/sdbl         64th SCSI disk whole disk
1191
 
1192
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1193
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1194
                partitions is 15.
1195
 
1196
 68 char        CAPI 2.0 interface
1197
 
1198
                  1 = /dev/capi20.00    First CAPI 2.0 application
1199
                  2 = /dev/capi20.01    Second CAPI 2.0 application
1200
                    ...
1201
                 20 = /dev/capi20.19    19th CAPI 2.0 application
1202
 
1203
                ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1204
                applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1205
 
1206
    block       SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1207
 
1208
                 16 = /dev/sdbn         65th SCSI disk whole disk
1209
                 32 = /dev/sdbo         66th SCSI disk whole disk
1210
                    ...
1211
                240 = /dev/sdcb         80th SCSI disk whole disk
1212
 
1213
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1214
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1215
                partitions is 15.
1216
 
1217
 69 char        MA16 numeric accelerator card
1218
 
1219
 
1220
    block       SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1221
 
1222
                 16 = /dev/sdcd         82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1223
                 32 = /dev/sdce         83th SCSI disk whole disk
1224
                    ...
1225
                240 = /dev/sdcr         96th SCSI disk whole disk
1226
 
1227
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1228
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1229
                partitions is 15.
1230
 
1231
 70 char        SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1232
 
1233
                  1 = /dev/apsauth      Authentication interface
1234
                  2 = /dev/apslog       Logging interface
1235
                  3 = /dev/apsdbg       Debugging interface
1236
                 64 = /dev/apsisdn      ISDN command interface
1237
                 65 = /dev/apsasync     Async command interface
1238
                128 = /dev/apsmon       Monitor interface
1239
 
1240
    block       SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1241
 
1242
                 16 = /dev/sdct         98th SCSI disk whole disk
1243
                 32 = /dev/sdcu         99th SCSI disk whole disk
1244
                    ...
1245
                240 = /dev/sddh         112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1246
 
1247
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1248
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1249
                partitions is 15.
1250
 
1251
 71 char        Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1252
 
1253
                  1 = /dev/ttyF1        IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1254
                    ...
1255
                 63 = /dev/ttyF63       IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1256
                 64 = /dev/ttyF64       IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1257
                 65 = /dev/ttyF65       IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1258
                    ...
1259
                127 = /dev/ttyF127      IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1260
                128 = /dev/ttyF128      IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1261
                129 = /dev/ttyF129      IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1262
                    ...
1263
                191 = /dev/ttyF191      IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1264
                192 = /dev/ttyF192      IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1265
                193 = /dev/ttyF193      IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1266
                    ...
1267
                255 = /dev/ttyF255      IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1268
 
1269
    block       SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1270
 
1271
                 16 = /dev/sddj         114th SCSI disk whole disk
1272
                 32 = /dev/sddk         115th SCSI disk whole disk
1273
                    ...
1274
                240 = /dev/sddx         128th SCSI disk whole disk
1275
 
1276
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1277
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1278
                partitions is 15.
1279
 
1280
 72 char        Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1281
 
1282
                  1 = /dev/cuf1         Callout device for ttyF1
1283
                    ...
1284
                 63 = /dev/cuf63        Callout device for ttyF63
1285
                 64 = /dev/cuf64        Callout device for ttyF64
1286
                 65 = /dev/cuf65        Callout device for ttyF65
1287
                    ...
1288
                127 = /dev/cuf127       Callout device for ttyF127
1289
                128 = /dev/cuf128       Callout device for ttyF128
1290
                129 = /dev/cuf129       Callout device for ttyF129
1291
                    ...
1292
                191 = /dev/cuf191       Callout device for ttyF191
1293
                192 = /dev/cuf192       Callout device for ttyF192
1294
                193 = /dev/cuf193       Callout device for ttyF193
1295
                    ...
1296
                255 = /dev/cuf255       Callout device for ttyF255
1297
 
1298
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1299
 
1300
                 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1301
                    ...
1302
                240 = /dev/ida/c0d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1303
 
1304
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1305
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1306
                partitions is 15.
1307
 
1308
 73 char        Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1309
 
1310
                  1 = /dev/ip2stat0     Status device for board 0
1311
                  4 = /dev/ip2ipl1      Loadware device for board 1
1312
                  5 = /dev/ip2stat1     Status device for board 1
1313
                  8 = /dev/ip2ipl2      Loadware device for board 2
1314
                  9 = /dev/ip2stat2     Status device for board 2
1315
                 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3      Loadware device for board 3
1316
                 13 = /dev/ip2stat3     Status device for board 3
1317
 
1318
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1319
 
1320
                 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1321
                    ...
1322
                240 = /dev/ida/c1d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1323
 
1324
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1325
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1326
                partitions is 15.
1327
 
1328
 74 char        SCI bridge
1329
 
1330
                  1 = /dev/SCI/1        SCI device 1
1331
                    ...
1332
 
1333
                Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1334
                bridge.
1335
 
1336
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1337
 
1338
                 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1339
                    ...
1340
                240 = /dev/ida/c2d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1341
 
1342
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1343
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1344
                partitions is 15.
1345
 
1346
 75 char        Specialix IO8+ serial card
1347
 
1348
                  1 = /dev/ttyW1        Second IO8+ port, first card
1349
                    ...
1350
                  8 = /dev/ttyW8        First IO8+ port, second card
1351
                    ...
1352
 
1353
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1354
 
1355
                 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1356
                    ...
1357
                240 = /dev/ida/c3d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1358
 
1359
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1360
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1361
                partitions is 15.
1362
 
1363
 76 char        Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1364
 
1365
                  1 = /dev/cuw1         Callout device for ttyW1
1366
                    ...
1367
                  8 = /dev/cuw8         Callout device for ttyW8
1368
                    ...
1369
 
1370
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1371
 
1372
                 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1373
                    ...
1374
                240 = /dev/ida/c4d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1375
 
1376
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1377
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1378
                partitions is 15.
1379
 
1380
 
1381
 77 char        ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1382
 
1383
 
1384
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1385
 
1386
                 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1387
                    ...
1388
                240 = /dev/ida/c5d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1389
 
1390
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1391
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1392
                partitions is 15.
1393
 
1394
 
1395
 78 char        PAM Software's multimodem boards
1396
 
1397
                  1 = /dev/ttyM1        Second PAM modem
1398
                    ...
1399
 
1400
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1401
 
1402
                 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1403
                    ...
1404
                240 = /dev/ida/c6d15    16th logical drive whole disk
1405
 
1406
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1407
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1408
                partitions is 15.
1409
 
1410
 
1411
 79 char        PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1412
 
1413
                  1 = /dev/cum1         Callout device for ttyM1
1414
                    ...
1415
 
1416
    block       Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eigth controller
1417
 
1418
                 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1     Second logical drive whole disk
1419
                    ...
1420
                240 = /dev/ida/c715     16th logical drive whole disk
1421
 
1422
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1423
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1424
                partitions is 15.
1425
 
1426
 
1427
 80 char        Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1428
 
1429
 
1430
    block       I2O hard disk
1431
 
1432
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb      Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1433
                    ...
1434
                240 = /dev/i2o/hdp      16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1435
 
1436
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1437
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1438
                partitions is 15.
1439
 
1440
 81 char        video4linux
1441
 
1442
                    ...
1443
                 63 = /dev/video63      Video capture/overlay device
1444
                 64 = /dev/radio0       Radio device
1445
                    ...
1446
                127 = /dev/radio63      Radio device
1447
                192 = /dev/vtx0         Teletext device
1448
                    ...
1449
                223 = /dev/vtx31        Teletext device
1450
                224 = /dev/vbi0         Vertical blank interrupt
1451
                    ...
1452
                255 = /dev/vbi31        Vertical blank interrupt
1453
 
1454
    block       I2O hard disk
1455
 
1456
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr      18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1457
                    ...
1458
                240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf     32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1459
 
1460
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1461
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1462
                partitions is 15.
1463
 
1464
 82 char        WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1465
 
1466
                  1 = /dev/winradio1    Second WiNRADiO card
1467
                    ...
1468
 
1469
                The driver and documentation may be obtained from
1470
                http://www.proximity.com.au/~brian/winradio/
1471
 
1472
    block       I2O hard disk
1473
 
1474
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah     34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1475
                    ...
1476
                240 = /dev/i2o/hdav     48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1477
 
1478
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1479
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1480
                partitions is 15.
1481
 
1482
 83 char        Teletext/videotext interfaces {2.6}
1483
 
1484
                 16 = /dev/vttuner      TV tuner on teletext interface
1485
 
1486
                Devices for the driver contained in the VideoteXt package.
1487
                More information on http://home.pages.de/~videotext/
1488
 
1489
    block       I2O hard disk
1490
 
1491
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax     50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1492
                    ...
1493
                240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl     64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1494
 
1495
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1496
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1497
                partitions is 15.
1498
 
1499
 84 char        Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1500
 
1501
                  1 = /dev/ihcp1        Second Greensheet port
1502
 
1503
    block       I2O hard disk
1504
 
1505
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn     66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1506
                    ...
1507
                240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb     80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1508
 
1509
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1510
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1511
                partitions is 15.
1512
 
1513
 85 char        Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1514
 
1515
                  1 = /dev/qcntl0       First device pushed
1516
                  2 = /dev/qcntl1       Second device pushed
1517
                    ...
1518
 
1519
    block       I2O hard disk
1520
 
1521
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd     82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1522
                    ...
1523
                240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr     96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1524
 
1525
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1526
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1527
                partitions is 15.
1528
 
1529
 86 char        SCSI media changer
1530
 
1531
                  1 = /dev/sch1         Second SCSI media changer
1532
                    ...
1533
 
1534
    block       I2O hard disk
1535
 
1536
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct     98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1537
                    ...
1538
                240 = /dev/i2o/hddh     112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1539
 
1540
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1541
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1542
                partitions is 15.
1543
 
1544
 87 char        Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1545
 
1546
                  1 = /dev/controla1    Second device on chain
1547
                    ...
1548
 
1549
    block       I2O hard disk
1550
 
1551
                 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj     114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1552
                    ...
1553
                240 = /dev/i2o/hddx     128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1554
 
1555
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1556
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1557
                partitions is 15.
1558
 
1559
 88 char        COMX synchronous serial card
1560
 
1561
                  1 = /dev/comx1        COMX channel 1
1562
                    ...
1563
 
1564
    block       Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1565
 
1566
                 64 = /dev/hdn          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1567
 
1568
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1569
                interface (see major number 3).
1570
 
1571
 89 char        I2C bus interface
1572
 
1573
                  1 = /dev/i2c-1        Second I2C adapter
1574
                    ...
1575
 
1576
    block       Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1577
 
1578
                 64 = /dev/hdp          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1579
 
1580
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1581
                interface (see major number 3).
1582
 
1583
 90 char        Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1584
 
1585
                  1 = /dev/mtdr0        First MTD (ro)
1586
                    ...
1587
                 30 = /dev/mtd15        16th MTD (rw)
1588
                 31 = /dev/mtdr15       16th MTD (ro)
1589
 
1590
    block       Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1591
 
1592
                 64 = /dev/hdr          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1593
 
1594
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1595
                interface (see major number 3).
1596
 
1597
 91 char        CAN-Bus devices
1598
 
1599
                  1 = /dev/can1         Second CAN-Bus controller
1600
                    ...
1601
 
1602
    block       Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1603
 
1604
                 64 = /dev/hdt          Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1605
 
1606
                Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1607
                interface (see major number 3).
1608
 
1609
 92 char        Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1610
 
1611
    block       PPDD encrypted disk driver
1612
 
1613
                  1 = /dev/ppdd1        Second encrypted disk
1614
                    ...
1615
 
1616
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1617
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1618
                partitions is 15.
1619
 
1620
 93 char        IBM Smart Capture Card frame grabber {2.6}
1621
 
1622
                  1 = /dev/iscc1        Second Smart Capture Card
1623
                    ...
1624
                128 = /dev/isccctl0     First Smart Capture Card control
1625
                129 = /dev/isccctl1     Second Smart Capture Card control
1626
                    ...
1627
 
1628
    block       NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1629
 
1630
                 16 = /dev/nftlb        Second NFTL layer
1631
                    ...
1632
                240 = /dev/nftlp        16th NTFL layer
1633
 
1634
 94 char        miroVIDEO DC10/30 capture/playback device {2.6}
1635
 
1636
                  1 = /dev/dcxx1        Second capture card
1637
                    ...
1638
 
1639
    block       IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1640
 
1641
                  1 = /dev/dasda1       First DASD device, block 1
1642
                  2 = /dev/dasda2       First DASD device, block 2
1643
                  3 = /dev/dasda3       First DASD device, block 3
1644
                  4 = /dev/dasdb        Second DASD device, major
1645
                  5 = /dev/dasdb1       Second DASD device, block 1
1646
                  6 = /dev/dasdb2       Second DASD device, block 2
1647
                  7 = /dev/dasdb3       Second DASD device, block 3
1648
                    ...
1649
 
1650
 95 char        IP filter
1651
 
1652
                  1 = /dev/ipnat        NAT control device/log file
1653
                  2 = /dev/ipstate      State information log file
1654
                  3 = /dev/ipauth       Authentication control device/log file
1655
                    ...
1656
 
1657
    block       IBM S/390 VM/ESA minidisk
1658
 
1659
                  1 = /dev/mndb         Second VM/ESA minidisk
1660
                    ...
1661
 
1662
 96 char        Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1663
 
1664
                  1 = /dev/pt1          Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1665
                    ...
1666
                128 = /dev/npt0         First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1667
                129 = /dev/npt1         Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1668
                    ...
1669
 
1670
 97 char        Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1671
 
1672
                  1 = /dev/pg1          Second parallel port ATAPI device
1673
                  2 = /dev/pg2          Third parallel port ATAPI device
1674
                  3 = /dev/pg3          Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1675
 
1676
                These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1677
                devices.
1678
 
1679
    block       Packet writing for CD/DVD devices
1680
 
1681
                  1 = /dev/pktcdvd1     Second packet-writing module
1682
                    ...
1683
 
1684
 98 char        Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1685
 
1686
                  1 = /dev/comedi1      Second comedi device
1687
                    ...
1688
 
1689
                See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi or http://www.llp.fu-berlin.de/.
1690
 
1691
    block       User-mode virtual block device
1692
 
1693
                  1 = /dev/ubd1         Second user-mode block device
1694
                    ...
1695
 
1696
                This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1697
 
1698
 99 char        Raw parallel ports
1699
 
1700
                  1 = /dev/parport1     Second parallel port
1701
                    ...
1702
 
1703
    block       JavaStation flash disk
1704
 
1705
 
1706
100 char        Telephony for Linux
1707
 
1708
                  1 = /dev/phone1       Second telephony device
1709
                    ...
1710
 
1711
101 char        Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1712
 
1713
                  1 = /dev/mdsp1        First DSP board I/O controls
1714
                    ...
1715
                 16 = /dev/mdsp16       16th DSP board I/O controls
1716
 
1717
    block       AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1718
 
1719
                 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1  Second array whole disk
1720
                    ...
1721
                240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1722
 
1723
                For each device, partitions are added as:
1724
 
1725
                  1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1  First partition
1726
                  2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2  Second partition
1727
                    ...
1728
                 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1729
 
1730
102 char        Philips SAA5249 Teletext signal decoder {2.6}
1731
 
1732
                  1 = /dev/tlk1         Second Teletext decoder
1733
                  2 = /dev/tlk2         Third Teletext decoder
1734
                  3 = /dev/tlk3         Fourth Teletext decoder
1735
 
1736
    block       Compressed block device
1737
 
1738
                 16 = /dev/cbd/b        Second compressed block device, whole device
1739
                    ...
1740
                240 = /dev/cbd/p        16th compressed block device, whole device
1741
 
1742
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1743
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1744
                partitions is 15.
1745
 
1746
103 char        Arla network file system
1747
 
1748
 
1749
                Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1750
                Any resemblance with the Swedish milk producer is
1751
                coincidental.  For more information about the project,
1752
                write to  or subscribe
1753
                to the arla announce mailing list by sending a mail to
1754
                .
1755
 
1756
    block       Audit device
1757
 
1758
 
1759
104 char        Flash BIOS support
1760
 
1761
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1762
 
1763
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1764
                    ...
1765
                240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1766
 
1767
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1768
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1769
                partitions is 15.
1770
 
1771
105 char        Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1772
 
1773
                  1 = /dev/ttyV1        Second VS-1000 port
1774
                    ...
1775
 
1776
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1777
 
1778
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1779
                    ...
1780
                240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1781
 
1782
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1783
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1784
                partitions is 15.
1785
 
1786
106 char        Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1787
 
1788
                  1 = /dev/cuv1         Second VS-1000 port
1789
                    ...
1790
 
1791
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1792
 
1793
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1794
                    ...
1795
                240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1796
 
1797
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1798
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1799
                partitions is 15.
1800
 
1801
107 char        3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1802
 
1803
 
1804
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1805
 
1806
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1807
                    ...
1808
                240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1809
 
1810
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1811
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1812
                partitions is 15.
1813
 
1814
108 char        Device independent PPP interface
1815
 
1816
 
1817
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1818
 
1819
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1820
                    ...
1821
                240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1822
 
1823
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1824
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1825
                partitions is 15.
1826
 
1827
109 char        Reserved for logical volume manager
1828
 
1829
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1830
 
1831
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1832
                    ...
1833
                240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1834
 
1835
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1836
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1837
                partitions is 15.
1838
 
1839
110 char        miroMEDIA Surround board
1840
 
1841
                  1 = /dev/srnd1        Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1842
                    ...
1843
 
1844
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1845
 
1846
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1847
                    ...
1848
                240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1849
 
1850
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1851
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1852
                partitions is 15.
1853
 
1854
111 char        Philips SAA7146-based audio/video card {2.6}
1855
 
1856
                  1 = /dev/av1          Second A/V card
1857
                    ...
1858
 
1859
    block       Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eigth controller
1860
 
1861
                 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1   Second logical drive, whole disk
1862
                    ...
1863
                240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15  16th logical drive, whole disk
1864
 
1865
                Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1866
                DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1867
                partitions is 15.
1868
 
1869
112 char        ISI serial card
1870
 
1871
                  1 = /dev/ttyM1        Second ISI port
1872
                    ...
1873
 
1874
                There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1875
                these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1876
 
1877
    block       IBM iSeries virtual disk
1878
 
1879
                  8 = /dev/iseries/vdb  Second virtual disk, whole disk
1880
                    ...
1881
                200 = /dev/iseries/vdz  26th virtual disk, whole disk
1882
                208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1883
                    ...
1884
                240 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1885
 
1886
                Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1887
                disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1888
                partitions is 7.
1889
 
1890
113 char        ISI serial card - alternate devices
1891
 
1892
                  1 = /dev/cum1         Callout device for ttyM1
1893
                    ...
1894
 
1895
    block       IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1896
 
1897
 
1898
                  1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1899
                    ...
1900
 
1901
114 char        Picture Elements ISE board
1902
 
1903
                  1 = /dev/ise1         Second ISE board
1904
                    ...
1905
                128 = /dev/isex0        Control node for first ISE board
1906
                129 = /dev/isex1        Control node for second ISE board
1907
                    ...
1908
 
1909
                The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1910
                image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1911
                I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1912
                nodes used to control the board.
1913
 
1914
115 char        Console driver speaker
1915
 
1916
 
1917
                Plays music using IBM BASIC style strings.
1918
 
1919
116 char        Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
1920
 
1921
117 char        COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
1922
 
1923
                  1 = /dev/cosa0c1      1st board, 2nd channel
1924
                    ...
1925
                 16 = /dev/cosa1c0      2nd board, 1st channel
1926
                 17 = /dev/cosa1c1      2nd board, 2nd channel
1927
                    ...
1928
 
1929
118 char        Solidum ???
1930
 
1931
                  1 = /dev/solnp1
1932
                    ...
1933
                128 = /dev/solnpctl0
1934
                129 = /dev/solnpctl1
1935
                    ...
1936
 
1937
119 char        VMware virtual network control
1938
 
1939
                  1 = /dev/vnet1        2nd virtual network
1940
                    ...
1941
 
1942
120-127         LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1943
 
1944
128-135 char    Unix98 PTY masters
1945
 
1946
                These devices should not have corresponding device
1947
                nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
1948
                /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
1949
 
1950
136-143 char    Unix98 PTY slaves
1951
 
1952
                  1 = /dev/pts/1        Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY
1953
                    ...
1954
 
1955
                These device nodes are automatically generated with
1956
                the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
1957
                devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
1958
                mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
1959
                *most* distributions the appropriate options are
1960
                "mode=0620,gid=".)
1961
 
1962
144 char        Encapsulated PPP
1963
 
1964
                    ...
1965
                 63 = /dev/pppox63      64th PPP over Ethernet
1966
 
1967
                This is primarily used for ADSL.
1968
 
1969
                The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
1970
                relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
1971
 
1972
145 char        SAM9407-based soundcard
1973
 
1974
                  1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
1975
                  2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
1976
                  3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
1977
                  4 = /dev/sam0_audio
1978
                  6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
1979
                 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
1980
                 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
1981
                 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
1982
                 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
1983
                    ...
1984
                128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
1985
                    ...
1986
                192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
1987
                    ...
1988
 
1989
                Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
1990
                addons, which are sam9407 specific.  OSS can be
1991
                operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
1992
 
1993
146 char        SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
1994
 
1995
                  1 = /dev/scramnet1    Second SCRAMNet device
1996
                    ...
1997
 
1998
147 char        Aueral Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
1999
 
2000
                  1 = /dev/aureal1      Second Aureal Vortex
2001
                    ...
2002
 
2003
148 char        Technology Concepts serial card
2004
 
2005
                  1 = /dev/ttyT1        Second TCL port
2006
                    ...
2007
 
2008
149 char        Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2009
 
2010
                  1 = /dev/cut0         Callout device for ttyT1
2011
                    ...
2012
 
2013
150 char        Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2014
 
2015
                  1 = /dev/rtf1         Second RTLinux FIFO
2016
                    ...
2017
 
2018
151 char        DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2019
 
2020
                  1 = /dev/dpti1        Second DPT I2O adapter
2021
                    ...
2022
 
2023
154 char        Specialix RIO serial card
2024
 
2025
                    ...
2026
                255 = /dev/ttySR255     256th RIO port
2027
 
2028
155 char        Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2029
 
2030
                    ...
2031
                255 = /dev/cusr255      Callout device for ttySR255
2032
 
2033
156 char        Specialix RIO serial card
2034
 
2035
                    ...
2036
                255 = /dev/ttySR511     512th RIO port
2037
 
2038
157 char        Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2039
 
2040
                    ...
2041
                255 = /dev/cusr511      Callout device for ttySR511
2042
 
2043
158 char        Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2044
 
2045
                  1 = /dev/gfax1        GammaLink channel 1
2046
                    ...
2047
 
2048
159             RESERVED
2049
 
2050
160 char        General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2051
 
2052
                  1 = /dev/gpib1        Second GPIB bus
2053
                    ...
2054
 
2055
161 char        IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2056
 
2057
                  1 = /dev/ircomm1      Second IrCOMM device
2058
                    ...
2059
                 16 = /dev/irlpt0       First IrLPT device
2060
                 17 = /dev/irlpt1       Second IrLPT device
2061
                    ...
2062
 
2063
162 char        Raw block device interface
2064
 
2065
                  1 = /dev/raw/raw1     First raw I/O device
2066
                  2 = /dev/raw/raw2     Second raw I/O device
2067
                    ...
2068
 
2069
163 char        Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
2070
 
2071
                  1 = /dev/bimrt1       Second BIM radio modem
2072
                    ...
2073
 
2074
164 char        Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2075
 
2076
                    ...
2077
                 15 = /dev/ttyCH15      AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2078
                 16 = /dev/ttyCH16      AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2079
                    ...
2080
                 31 = /dev/ttyCH31      AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2081
                 32 = /dev/ttyCH32      AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2082
                    ...
2083
                 47 = /dev/ttyCH47      AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2084
                 48 = /dev/ttyCH48      AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2085
                    ...
2086
                 63 = /dev/ttyCH63      AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2087
 
2088
165 char        Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2089
 
2090
                    ...
2091
                 63 = /dev/cuch63       Callout device for ttyCH63
2092
 
2093
166 char        ACM USB modems
2094
 
2095
                  1 = /dev/ttyACM1      Second ACM modem
2096
                    ...
2097
 
2098
167 char        ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2099
 
2100
                  1 = /dev/cuacm1       Callout device for ttyACM1
2101
                    ...
2102
 
2103
168 char        Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2104
 
2105
                  1 = /dev/ecsa1        Second CSA7000
2106
                    ...
2107
 
2108
169 char        Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2109
 
2110
                  1 = /dev/ecsa8-1      Second CSA8000
2111
                    ...
2112
 
2113
170 char        AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2114
 
2115
                  1 = /dev/megarac1     Second MegaRAC card
2116
                    ...
2117
 
2118
171 char        Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2119
 
2120
 
2121
172 char        Moxa Intellio serial card
2122
 
2123
                  1 = /dev/ttyMX1       Second Moxa port
2124
                    ...
2125
                127 = /dev/ttyMX127     128th Moxa port
2126
                128 = /dev/moxactl      Moxa control port
2127
 
2128
173 char        Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2129
 
2130
                  1 = /dev/cumx1        Callout device for ttyMX1
2131
                    ...
2132
                127 = /dev/cumx127      Callout device for ttyMX127
2133
 
2134
174 char        SmartIO serial card
2135
 
2136
                  1 = /dev/ttySI1       Second SmartIO port
2137
                    ...
2138
 
2139
175 char        SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2140
 
2141
                  1 = /dev/cusi1        Callout device for ttySI1
2142
                    ...
2143
 
2144
176 char        nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2145
 
2146
                  1 = /dev/nfastpci1    First nFast PCI device
2147
                    ...
2148
 
2149
177 char        TI PCILynx memory spaces
2150
 
2151
                    ...
2152
                 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2153
                 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0  ROM space of first PCILynx card
2154
                    ...
2155
                 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2156
                 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0  RAM space of first PCILynx card
2157
                    ...
2158
                 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2159
 
2160
178 char        Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2161
 
2162
                  1 = /dev/clanvi1      Second cLAN adapter
2163
                    ...
2164
 
2165
179 char        CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2166
 
2167
                  1 = /dev/dvxirq1      Second DVX device
2168
                    ...
2169
 
2170
180 char        USB devices
2171
 
2172
                    ...
2173
                 15 = /dev/usb/lp15     16th USB printer
2174
                 16 = /dev/usb/mouse0   First USB mouse
2175
                    ...
2176
                 31 = /dev/usb/mouse15  16th USB mouse
2177
                 32 = /dev/usb/ez0      First USB firmware loader
2178
                    ...
2179
                 47 = /dev/usb/ez15     16th USB firmware loader
2180
                 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2181
                    ...
2182
                 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2183
                 64 = /dev/usb/rio500   Diamond Rio 500
2184
 
2185
181 char        Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2186
 
2187
                  1 = /dev/pcfclock1    Second Conrad radio clock
2188
                    ...
2189
 
2190
182 char        Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2191
 
2192
                  1 = /dev/pethr1       Second THR2 board
2193
                    ...
2194
 
2195
183 char        SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2196
 
2197
                  1 = /dev/ss5136dn1    Second DeviceNet interface
2198
                    ...
2199
 
2200
                This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2201
                It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2202
 
2203
184 char        Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2204
 
2205
                  1 = /dev/pevss1       Second sender board
2206
                    ...
2207
 
2208
185 char        InterMezzo high availability file system
2209
 
2210
                  1 = /dev/intermezzo1  Second cache manager
2211
                    ...
2212
 
2213
                See http://www.inter-mezzo.org/ for more information.
2214
 
2215
186 char        Object-based storage control device
2216
 
2217
                  1 = /dev/obd1         Second obd control device
2218
                    ...
2219
 
2220
                See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2221
 
2222
187 char        DESkey hardware encryption device
2223
 
2224
                  1 = /dev/deskey1      Second DES key
2225
                    ...
2226
 
2227
188 char        USB serial converters
2228
 
2229
                  1 = /dev/ttyUSB1      Second USB serial converter
2230
                    ...
2231
 
2232
189 char        USB serial converters - alternate devices
2233
 
2234
                  1 = /dev/cuusb1       Callout device for ttyUSB1
2235
                    ...
2236
 
2237
190 char        Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2238
 
2239
                  1 = /dev/kctt1        Second KCT/T card
2240
                    ...
2241
 
2242
191 char        Reserved for PCMCIA
2243
 
2244
192 char        Kernel profiling interface
2245
 
2246
                  1 = /dev/profile0     Profiling device for CPU 0
2247
                  2 = /dev/profile1     Profiling device for CPU 1
2248
                    ...
2249
 
2250
193 char        Kernel event-tracing interface
2251
 
2252
                  1 = /dev/trace0       Tracing device for CPU 0
2253
                  2 = /dev/trace1       Tracing device for CPU 1
2254
                    ...
2255
 
2256
194 char        linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2257
 
2258
                  1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0       Video stream
2259
                  2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0        Single compressed frame
2260
                  3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0     Raw uncompressed frame
2261
                  4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0        Direct codec access
2262
                  5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0  Video4Linux compatibility
2263
 
2264
                 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1       Second device
2265
                    ...
2266
                 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2       Third device
2267
                    ...
2268
                    ...
2269
                240 = /dev/mvideo/status15      16th device
2270
                    ...
2271
 
2272
195 char        Nvidia graphics devices
2273
 
2274
                  1 = /dev/nvidia1              Second Nvidia card
2275
                    ...
2276
                255 = /dev/nvidiactl            Nvidia card control device
2277
 
2278
196 char        Tormenta T1 card
2279
 
2280
                  1 = /dev/tor/1                First DS0
2281
                  2 = /dev/tor/2                Second DS0
2282
                    ...
2283
                 48 = /dev/tor/48               48th DS0
2284
                 49 = /dev/tor/49               First pseudo-channel
2285
                 50 = /dev/tor/50               Second pseudo-channel
2286
                    ...
2287
 
2288
197 char        OpenTNF tracing facility
2289
 
2290
                  1 = /dev/tnf/t1               Trace 1 data extraction
2291
                    ...
2292
                128 = /dev/tnf/status           Tracing facility status
2293
                130 = /dev/tnf/trace            Tracing device
2294
 
2295
198 char        Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2296
 
2297
                  1 = /dev/tpmp2/1              Second card
2298
                    ...
2299
 
2300
199 char        Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2301
 
2302
                  1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/*          Second volume
2303
                    ...
2304
    block       Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2305
 
2306
                  1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/*           First volume
2307
                    ...
2308
 
2309
                The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2310
                the user space VxVM software.
2311
 
2312
200 char        Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2313
 
2314
                  1 = /dev/vx/trace             Volume i/o trace access node
2315
                  2 = /dev/vx/iod               Volume i/o daemon access node
2316
                  3 = /dev/vx/info              Volume information access node
2317
                  4 = /dev/vx/task              Volume tasks access node
2318
                  5 = /dev/vx/taskmon           Volume tasks monitor daemon
2319
 
2320
201 char        Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2321
 
2322
                  1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/*            Second multipath device
2323
                    ...
2324
    block       Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2325
 
2326
                  1 = /dev/vx/dmp/*             Second multipath device
2327
                    ...
2328
 
2329
                The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2330
                the user space VxVM software.
2331
 
2332
202 char        CPU model-specific registers
2333
 
2334
                  1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr            MSRs on CPU 1
2335
                    ...
2336
 
2337
203 char        CPU CPUID information
2338
 
2339
                  1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid          CPUID on CPU 1
2340
                    ...
2341
 
2342
204 char        Low-density serial ports
2343
 
2344
                  1 = /dev/ttyLU1               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2345
                  2 = /dev/ttyLU2               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2346
                  3 = /dev/ttyLU3               LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2347
                  4 = /dev/ttyFB0               Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2348
                  5 = /dev/ttySA0               StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2349
                  6 = /dev/ttySA1               StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2350
                  7 = /dev/ttySA2               StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2351
                  8 = /dev/ttySC0               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2352
                  9 = /dev/ttySC1               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2353
                 10 = /dev/ttySC2               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2354
                 11 = /dev/ttySC3               SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2355
                 12 = /dev/ttyFW0               Firmware console - port 0
2356
                 13 = /dev/ttyFW1               Firmware console - port 1
2357
                 14 = /dev/ttyFW2               Firmware console - port 2
2358
                 15 = /dev/ttyFW3               Firmware console - port 3
2359
                 16 = /dev/ttyAM0               ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2360
                    ...
2361
                 31 = /dev/ttyAM15              ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2362
                 32 = /dev/ttyDB0               DataBooster serial port 0
2363
                    ...
2364
                 39 = /dev/ttyDB7               DataBooster serial port 7
2365
 
2366
205 char        Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2367
 
2368
                  1 = /dev/culu1                Callout device for ttyLU1
2369
                  2 = /dev/culu2                Callout device for ttyLU2
2370
                  3 = /dev/culu3                Callout device for ttyLU3
2371
                  4 = /dev/cufb0                Callout device for ttyFB0
2372
                  5 = /dev/cusa0                Callout device for ttySA0
2373
                  6 = /dev/cusa1                Callout device for ttySA1
2374
                  7 = /dev/cusa2                Callout device for ttySA2
2375
                  8 = /dev/cusc0                Callout device for ttySC0
2376
                  9 = /dev/cusc1                Callout device for ttySC1
2377
                 10 = /dev/cusc2                Callout device for ttySC2
2378
                 11 = /dev/cusc3                Callout device for ttySC3
2379
                 12 = /dev/cufw0                Callout device for ttyFW0
2380
                 13 = /dev/cufw1                Callout device for ttyFW1
2381
                 14 = /dev/cufw2                Callout device for ttyFW2
2382
                 15 = /dev/cufw3                Callout device for ttyFW3
2383
                 16 = /dev/cuam0                Callout device for ttyAM0
2384
                    ...
2385
                 31 = /dev/cuam15               Callout device for ttyAM15
2386
                 32 = /dev/cudb0                Callout device for ttyDB0
2387
                    ...
2388
                 39 = /dev/cudb7                Callout device for ttyDB7
2389
 
2390
206 char        OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2391
 
2392
                  1 = /dev/osst1                Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2393
                    ...
2394
                 32 = /dev/osst0l               First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2395
                 33 = /dev/osst1l               Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2396
                    ...
2397
                 64 = /dev/osst0m               First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2398
                 65 = /dev/osst1m               Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2399
                    ...
2400
                 96 = /dev/osst0a               First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2401
                 97 = /dev/osst1a               Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2402
                    ...
2403
                128 = /dev/nosst0               No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2404
                129 = /dev/nosst1               No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2405
                    ...
2406
                160 = /dev/nosst0l              No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2407
                161 = /dev/nosst1l              No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2408
                    ...
2409
                192 = /dev/nosst0m              No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2410
                193 = /dev/nosst1m              No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2411
                    ...
2412
                224 = /dev/nosst0a              No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2413
                225 = /dev/nosst1a              No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2414
                    ...
2415
 
2416
                The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2417
                standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2418
                their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2419
                maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2420
                usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2421
                driver as well.  The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2422
                compliant and don't need osst.
2423
 
2424
207 char        Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2425
 
2426
                  1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom       EISA CROM
2427
                  2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt        Data Table
2428
                  3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt       Event Log
2429
                  4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr       Automatic Server Recovery
2430
                  5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc       ECC Memory
2431
                  6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca       Machine Check Architecture
2432
                  7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm       Deprecated CDT
2433
                  8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi       NMI Handling
2434
                  9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css        Sideshow Management
2435
                 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram       CMOS interface
2436
                 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci       PCI IRQ interface
2437
 
2438
208 char        User space serial ports
2439
 
2440
                  1 = /dev/ttyU1                Second user space serial port
2441
                    ...
2442
 
2443
209 char        User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2444
 
2445
                  1 = /dev/cuu1                 Callout device for ttyU1
2446
                    ...
2447
 
2448
210 char        SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2449
 
2450
                  1 = /dev/sbei/dld0            Download device for board 0
2451
                  2 = /dev/sbei/wan00           WAN device, port 0, board 0
2452
                  3 = /dev/sbei/wan01           WAN device, port 1, board 0
2453
                  4 = /dev/sbei/wan02           WAN device, port 2, board 0
2454
                  5 = /dev/sbei/wan03           WAN device, port 3, board 0
2455
                  6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00          WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2456
                  7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01          WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2457
                  8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02          WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2458
                  9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03          WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2459
                 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1          Configuration device for board 1
2460
                 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1            Download device for board 1
2461
                 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10           WAN device, port 0, board 1
2462
                 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11           WAN device, port 1, board 1
2463
                 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12           WAN device, port 2, board 1
2464
                 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13           WAN device, port 3, board 1
2465
                 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10          WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2466
                 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11          WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2467
                 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12          WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2468
                 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13          WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2469
                    ...
2470
 
2471
                Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2472
 
2473
211 char        Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2474
 
2475
                  1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1   Second CPCI1500 card
2476
                    ...
2477
 
2478
216 char        USB BlueTooth devices
2479
 
2480
                  1 = /dev/ttyUB1               Second USB BlueTooth device
2481
                    ...
2482
 
2483
217 char        USB BlueTooth devices (alternate devices)
2484
 
2485
                  1 = /dev/cuub1                Callout device for ttyUB1
2486
                    ...
2487
 
2488
218 char        The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2489
 
2490
                  1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1      First bus adapter
2491
                    ...
2492
 
2493
219 char        The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2494
 
2495
                  1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1  Second DCI-1300 card
2496
                    ...
2497
 
2498
220 char        Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2499
 
2500
                  1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0         First board "root access"
2501
                  2 = /dev/myricom/gm1          Second Myrinet GM board
2502
                  3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1         Second board "root access"
2503
                    ...
2504
 
2505
221 char        VME bus
2506
 
2507
                  1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1           Second master image
2508
                  2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2           Third master image
2509
                  3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3           Fourth master image
2510
                  4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0           First slave image
2511
                  5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1           Second slave image
2512
                  6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2           Third slave image
2513
                  7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3           Fourth slave image
2514
                  8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl          Control
2515
 
2516
                It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
2517
                same interface.  For interface documentation see
2518
                http://www.vmelinux.org/.
2519
 
2520
224 char        A2232 serial card
2521
 
2522
                  1 = /dev/ttyY1                Second A2232 port
2523
                    ...
2524
 
2525
225 char        A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
2526
 
2527
                  1 = /dev/cuy1                 Callout device for ttyY1
2528
                    ...
2529
 
2530
226 char        Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
2531
 
2532
                  1 = /dev/dri/card1            Second graphics card
2533
                    ...
2534
 
2535
227 char        IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
2536
                  1 = /dev/3270/tty1            First 3270 terminal
2537
                  2 = /dev/3270/tty2            Seconds 3270 terminal
2538
                    ...
2539
 
2540
228 char        IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
2541
 
2542
                  1 = /dev/3270/tub1            First 3270 terminal
2543
                  2 = /dev/3270/tub2            Second 3270 terminal
2544
                    ...
2545
 
2546
229 char        IBM iSeries virtual console
2547
 
2548
                  1 = /dev/iseries/vtty1        Second console port
2549
                    ...
2550
 
2551
230 char        IBM iSeries virtual tape
2552
 
2553
                  1 = /dev/iseries/vt1          Second virtual tape, mode 0
2554
                    ...
2555
                 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l         First virtual tape, mode 1
2556
                 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l         Second virtual tape, mode 1
2557
                    ...
2558
                 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m         First virtual tape, mode 2
2559
                 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m         Second virtual tape, mode 2
2560
                    ...
2561
                 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a         First virtual tape, mode 3
2562
                 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a         Second virtual tape, mode 3
2563
                      ...
2564
                128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0         First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
2565
                129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1         Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
2566
                    ...
2567
                160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l        First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
2568
                161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l        Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
2569
                    ...
2570
                192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m        First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
2571
                193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m        Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
2572
                    ...
2573
                224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a        First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
2574
                225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a        Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
2575
                    ...
2576
 
2577
                "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
2578
                automatic rewind on device close.  The MTREW or MTOFFL
2579
                ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
2580
                the device used to access it.
2581
 
2582
231-239         UNASSIGNED
2583
 
2584
240-254         LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2585
 
2586
255             RESERVED
2587
 
2588
                This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
2589
                larger number space.  No device nodes with this major
2590
                should ever be created on the filesystem.
2591
 
2592
 ****   ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
2593
 
2594
This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
2595
the /dev directory.  It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
2596
form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here.  Links are
2597
classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
2598
link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
2599
 
2600
 
2601
        Compulsory links
2602
 
2603
These links should exist on all systems:
2604
 
2605
/dev/fd         /proc/self/fd   symbolic        File descriptors
2606
/dev/stdin      fd/0            symbolic        stdin file descriptor
2607
/dev/stdout     fd/1            symbolic        stdout file descriptor
2608
/dev/stderr     fd/2            symbolic        stderr file descriptor
2609
/dev/nfsd       socksys         symbolic        Required by iBCS-2
2610
/dev/X0R        null            symbolic        Required by iBCS-2
2611
 
2612
Note: /dev/X0R is --.
2613
 
2614
        Recommended links
2615
 
2616
It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
2617
 
2618
/dev/core       /proc/kcore     symbolic        Backward compatibility
2619
/dev/ramdisk    ram0            symbolic        Backward compatibility
2620
/dev/ftape      qft0            symbolic        Backward compatibility
2621
/dev/bttv0      video0          symbolic        Backward compatibility
2622
/dev/radio      radio0          symbolic        Backward compatibility
2623
/dev/i2o*       /dev/i2o/*      symbolic        Backward compatibility
2624
/dev/scd?       sr?             hard            Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
2625
 
2626
        Locally defined links
2627
 
2628
The following links may be established locally to conform to the
2629
configuration of the system.  This is merely a tabulation of existing
2630
practice, and does not constitute a recommendation.  However, if they
2631
exist, they should have the following uses.
2632
 
2633
/dev/mouse      mouse port      symbolic        Current mouse device
2634
/dev/tape       tape device     symbolic        Current tape device
2635
/dev/cdrom      CD-ROM device   symbolic        Current CD-ROM device
2636
/dev/cdwriter   CD-writer       symbolic        Current CD-writer device
2637
/dev/scanner    scanner         symbolic        Current scanner device
2638
/dev/modem      modem port      symbolic        Current dialout device
2639
/dev/root       root device     symbolic        Current root filesystem
2640
/dev/swap       swap device     symbolic        Current swap device
2641
 
2642
/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
2643
well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems.  If it
2644
exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
2645
(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
2646
 
2647
For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
2648
``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
2649
/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
2650
SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
2651
 
2652
/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
2653
device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
2654
 
2655
        Sockets and pipes
2656
 
2657
Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev.  Common entries are:
2658
 
2659
/dev/printer    socket          lpd local socket
2660
/dev/log        socket          syslog local socket
2661
/dev/gpmdata    socket          gpm mouse multiplexer
2662
 
2663
        Mount points
2664
 
2665
The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
2666
under /dev.  These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
2667
cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
2668
 
2669
/dev/pts        devpts          PTY slave filesystem
2670
/dev/shm        shmfs           POSIX shared memory maintenance access
2671
 
2672
 ****   TERMINAL DEVICES
2673
 
2674
Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices.  A
2675
terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
2676
for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
2677
pseudoterminals (PTYs).
2678
 
2679
All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
2680
diciplines; these include the common terminal line dicipline as well
2681
as SLIP and PPP modes.
2682
 
2683
All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
2684
naming and use of the various types of TTYs.  Note that the naming
2685
conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
2686
Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
2687
reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
2688
 
2689
A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
2690
number without leading zeroes.
2691
 
2692
        Virtual consoles and the console device
2693
 
2694
Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
2695
monitor.  Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
2696
starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
2697
/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
2698
card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
2699
(/dev/fb*) are not applicable.  Do not use /dev/console
2700
for this purpose.
2701
 
2702
The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
2703
messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
2704
single-user mode.  Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
2705
by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
2706
either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
2707
a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
2708
configuration of the system.
2709
 
2710
        Serial ports
2711
 
2712
Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
2713
one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
2714
as the ISDN driver.)  Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
2715
names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
2716
Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter.  For any
2717
letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
2718
respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
2719
correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#.  In the future, it should be
2720
expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
2721
case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
2722
"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
2723
 
2724
The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
2725
 
2726
The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
2727
different defaults than the primary devices.  Their main purpose is to
2728
allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
2729
support for serial ports.  Their use is deprecated, and they may be
2730
removed from a future version of Linux.
2731
 
2732
Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
2733
the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#.  The contents of the lock file should
2734
be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
2735
 
2736
It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
2737
which point to serial ports.  In order to ensure proper locking in the
2738
presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
2739
symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
2740
that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
2741
device.  In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
2742
are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
2743
 
2744
        1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
2745
        2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
2746
        3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
2747
 
2748
In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
2749
installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
2750
 
2751
Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
2752
for another to be released.  In addition, applications which attempt
2753
to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
2754
should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
2755
port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
2756
 
2757
        Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
2758
 
2759
Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
2760
other capabilities requiring a TTY line dicipline (including SLIP or
2761
PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes.  Each PTY has
2762
a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
2763
/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f].  The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
2764
allowing each master side to be opened only once.
2765
 
2766
Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
2767
can be used in the same manner as any TTY device.  The master and
2768
slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
2769
of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
2770
 
2771
Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
2772
the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
2773
device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
2774
give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
2775
for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
2776
in our notation).  This removes the problem of exhausting the
2777
namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
2778
nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
2779
 

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