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Command Line Options for Linux/m68k
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===================================
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Last Update: 2 May 1999
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Linux/m68k version: 2.2.6
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Author: Roman.Hodek@informatik.uni-erlangen.de (Roman Hodek)
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Update: jds@kom.auc.dk (Jes Sorensen) and faq@linux-m68k.org (Chris Lawrence)
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0) Introduction
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===============
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Often I've been asked which command line options the Linux/m68k
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kernel understands, or how the exact syntax for the ... option is, or
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... about the option ... . I hope, this document supplies all the
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answers...
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Note that some options might be outdated, their descriptions being
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incomplete or missing. Please update the information and send in the
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patches.
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1) Overview of the Kernel's Option Processing
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=============================================
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The kernel knows three kinds of options on its command line:
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1) kernel options
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2) environment settings
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3) arguments for init
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To which of these classes an argument belongs is determined as
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follows: If the option is known to the kernel itself, i.e. if the name
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(the part before the '=') or, in some cases, the whole argument string
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is known to the kernel, it belongs to class 1. Otherwise, if the
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argument contains an '=', it is of class 2, and the definition is put
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into init's environment. All other arguments are passed to init as
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command line options.
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This document describes the valid kernel options for Linux/m68k in
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the version mentioned at the start of this file. Later revisions may
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add new such options, and some may be missing in older versions.
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In general, the value (the part after the '=') of an option is a
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list of values separated by commas. The interpretation of these values
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is up to the driver that "owns" the option. This association of
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options with drivers is also the reason that some are further
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subdivided.
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2) General Kernel Options
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=========================
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2.1) root=
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----------
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Syntax: root=/dev/
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or: root=
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This tells the kernel which device it should mount as the root
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filesystem. The device must be a block device with a valid filesystem
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on it.
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The first syntax gives the device by name. These names are converted
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into a major/minor number internally in the kernel in an unusual way.
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Normally, this "conversion" is done by the device files in /dev, but
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this isn't possible here, because the root filesystem (with /dev)
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isn't mounted yet... So the kernel parses the name itself, with some
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hardcoded name to number mappings. The name must always be a
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combination of two or three letters, followed by a decimal number.
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Valid names are:
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/dev/ram: -> 0x0100 (initial ramdisk)
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/dev/hda: -> 0x0300 (first IDE disk)
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/dev/hdb: -> 0x0340 (second IDE disk)
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/dev/sda: -> 0x0800 (first SCSI disk)
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/dev/sdb: -> 0x0810 (second SCSI disk)
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/dev/sdc: -> 0x0820 (third SCSI disk)
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/dev/sdd: -> 0x0830 (forth SCSI disk)
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/dev/sde: -> 0x0840 (fifth SCSI disk)
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/dev/fd : -> 0x0200 (floppy disk)
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/dev/xda: -> 0x0c00 (first XT disk, unused in Linux/m68k)
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/dev/xdb: -> 0x0c40 (second XT disk, unused in Linux/m68k)
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/dev/ada: -> 0x1c00 (first ACSI device)
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/dev/adb: -> 0x1c10 (second ACSI device)
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/dev/adc: -> 0x1c20 (third ACSI device)
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/dev/add: -> 0x1c30 (forth ACSI device)
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The last four names are available only if the kernel has been compiled
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with Atari and ACSI support.
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The name must be followed by a decimal number, that stands for the
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partition number. Internally, the value of the number is just
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added to the device number mentioned in the table above. The
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exceptions are /dev/ram and /dev/fd, where /dev/ram refers to an
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initial ramdisk loaded by your bootstrap program (please consult the
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instructions for your bootstrap program to find out how to load an
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initial ramdisk). As of kernel version 2.0.18 you must specify
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/dev/ram as the root device if you want to boot from an initial
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ramdisk. For the floppy devices, /dev/fd, the number stands for the
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floppy drive number (there are no partitions on floppy disks). I.e.,
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/dev/fd0 stands for the first drive, /dev/fd1 for the second, and so
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on. Since the number is just added, you can also force the disk format
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by adding a number greater than 3. If you look into your /dev
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directory, use can see the /dev/fd0D720 has major 2 and minor 16. You
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can specify this device for the root FS by writing "root=/dev/fd16" on
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the kernel command line.
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[Strange and maybe uninteresting stuff ON]
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This unusual translation of device names has some strange
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consequences: If, for example, you have a symbolic link from /dev/fd
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to /dev/fd0D720 as an abbreviation for floppy driver #0 in DD format,
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you cannot use this name for specifying the root device, because the
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kernel cannot see this symlink before mounting the root FS and it
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isn't in the table above. If you use it, the root device will not be
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set at all, without an error message. Another example: You cannot use a
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partition on e.g. the sixth SCSI disk as the root filesystem, if you
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want to specify it by name. This is, because only the devices up to
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/dev/sde are in the table above, but not /dev/sdf. Although, you can
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use the sixth SCSI disk for the root FS, but you have to specify the
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device by number... (see below). Or, even more strange, you can use the
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fact that there is no range checking of the partition number, and your
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knowledge that each disk uses 16 minors, and write "root=/dev/sde17"
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(for /dev/sdf1).
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[Strange and maybe uninteresting stuff OFF]
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If the device containing your root partition isn't in the table
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above, you can also specify it by major and minor numbers. These are
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written in hex, with no prefix and no separator between. E.g., if you
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have a CD with contents appropriate as a root filesystem in the first
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SCSI CD-ROM drive, you boot from it by "root=0b00". Here, hex "0b" =
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decimal 11 is the major of SCSI CD-ROMs, and the minor 0 stands for
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the first of these. You can find out all valid major numbers by
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looking into include/linux/major.h.
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2.2) ro, rw
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-----------
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Syntax: ro
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or: rw
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These two options tell the kernel whether it should mount the root
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filesystem read-only or read-write. The default is read-only, except
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for ramdisks, which default to read-write.
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2.3) debug
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----------
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Syntax: debug
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This raises the kernel log level to 10 (the default is 7). This is the
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same level as set by the "dmesg" command, just that the maximum level
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selectable by dmesg is 8.
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2.4) debug=
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-----------
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Syntax: debug=
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This option causes certain kernel messages be printed to the selected
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debugging device. This can aid debugging the kernel, since the
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messages can be captured and analyzed on some other machine. Which
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devices are possible depends on the machine type. There are no checks
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for the validity of the device name. If the device isn't implemented,
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nothing happens.
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Messages logged this way are in general stack dumps after kernel
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memory faults or bad kernel traps, and kernel panics. To be exact: all
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messages of level 0 (panic messages) and all messages printed while
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the log level is 8 or more (their level doesn't matter). Before stack
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dumps, the kernel sets the log level to 10 automatically. A level of
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at least 8 can also be set by the "debug" command line option (see
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2.3) and at run time with "dmesg -n 8".
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Devices possible for Amiga:
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- "ser": built-in serial port; parameters: 9600bps, 8N1
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- "mem": Save the messages to a reserved area in chip mem. After
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rebooting, they can be read under AmigaOS with the tool
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'dmesg'.
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Devices possible for Atari:
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- "ser1": ST-MFP serial port ("Modem1"); parameters: 9600bps, 8N1
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- "ser2": SCC channel B serial port ("Modem2"); parameters: 9600bps, 8N1
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- "ser" : default serial port
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This is "ser2" for a Falcon, and "ser1" for any other machine
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- "midi": The MIDI port; parameters: 31250bps, 8N1
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- "par" : parallel port
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The printing routine for this implements a timeout for the
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case there's no printer connected (else the kernel would
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lock up). The timeout is not exact, but usually a few
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seconds.
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2.6) ramdisk=
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-------------
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Syntax: ramdisk=
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This option instructs the kernel to set up a ramdisk of the given
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size in KBytes. Do not use this option if the ramdisk contents are
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passed by bootstrap! In this case, the size is selected automatically
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and should not be overwritten.
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The only application is for root filesystems on floppy disks, that
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should be loaded into memory. To do that, select the corresponding
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size of the disk as ramdisk size, and set the root device to the disk
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drive (with "root=").
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2.7) swap=
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2.8) buff=
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-----------
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I can't find any sign of these options in 2.2.6.
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3) General Device Options (Amiga and Atari)
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===========================================
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3.1) ether=
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-----------
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Syntax: ether=[[,[,[,]]]],
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is the name of a net driver, as specified in
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drivers/net/Space.c in the Linux source. Most prominent are eth0, ...
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eth3, sl0, ... sl3, ppp0, ..., ppp3, dummy, and lo.
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The non-ethernet drivers (sl, ppp, dummy, lo) obviously ignore the
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settings by this options. Also, the existing ethernet drivers for
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Linux/m68k (ariadne, a2065, hydra) don't use them because Zorro boards
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are really Plug-'n-Play, so the "ether=" option is useless altogether
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for Linux/m68k.
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3.2) hd=
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--------
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Syntax: hd=,,
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This option sets the disk geometry of an IDE disk. The first hd=
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option is for the first IDE disk, the second for the second one.
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(I.e., you can give this option twice.) In most cases, you won't have
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to use this option, since the kernel can obtain the geometry data
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itself. It exists just for the case that this fails for one of your
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disks.
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3.3) max_scsi_luns=
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-------------------
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Syntax: max_scsi_luns=
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Sets the maximum number of LUNs (logical units) of SCSI devices to
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be scanned. Valid values for are between 1 and 8. Default is 8 if
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"Probe all LUNs on each SCSI device" was selected during the kernel
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configuration, else 1.
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3.4) st=
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--------
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Syntax: st=,[,[]]
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Sets several parameters of the SCSI tape driver. is
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the number of 512-byte buffers reserved for tape operations for each
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device. sets the number of blocks which must be filled
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to start an actual write operation to the tape. Maximum value is the
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total number of buffers. limits the total number of
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buffers allocated for all tape devices.
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3.5) dmasound=
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--------------
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Syntax: dmasound=[,[,]]
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This option controls some configurations of the Linux/m68k DMA sound
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driver (Amiga and Atari): is the number of buffers you want
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to use (minimum 4, default 4), is the size of each
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buffer in kilobytes (minimum 4, default 32) and says
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how much percent of error will be tolerated when setting a frequency
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(maximum 10, default 0). For example with 3% you can play 8000Hz
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AU-Files on the Falcon with its hardware frequency of 8195Hz and thus
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don't need to expand the sound.
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4) Options for Atari Only
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=========================
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4.1) video=
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-----------
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Syntax: video=:
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The parameter specifies the name of the frame buffer,
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eg. most atari users will want to specify `atafb' here. The
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is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
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below.
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NB: Please notice that this option was renamed from `atavideo' to
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`video' during the development of the 1.3.x kernels, thus you
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might need to update your boot-scripts if upgrading to 2.x from
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an 1.2.x kernel.
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NBB: The behavior of video= was changed in 2.1.57 so the recommended
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option is to specify the name of the frame buffer.
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4.1.1) Video Mode
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-----------------
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This sub-option may be any of the predefined video modes, as listed
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in atari/atafb.c in the Linux/m68k source tree. The kernel will
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activate the given video mode at boot time and make it the default
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mode, if the hardware allows. Currently defined names are:
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- stlow : 320x200x4
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- stmid, default5 : 640x200x2
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- sthigh, default4: 640x400x1
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- ttlow : 320x480x8, TT only
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- ttmid, default1 : 640x480x4, TT only
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- tthigh, default2: 1280x960x1, TT only
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- vga2 : 640x480x1, Falcon only
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- vga4 : 640x480x2, Falcon only
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- vga16, default3 : 640x480x4, Falcon only
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- vga256 : 640x480x8, Falcon only
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- falh2 : 896x608x1, Falcon only
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- falh16 : 896x608x4, Falcon only
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If no video mode is given on the command line, the kernel tries the
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modes names "default" in turn, until one is possible with the
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hardware in use.
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A video mode setting doesn't make sense, if the external driver is
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activated by a "external:" sub-option.
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4.1.2) inverse
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--------------
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|
|
|
349 |
|
|
Invert the display. This affects both, text (consoles) and graphics
|
350 |
|
|
(X) display. Usually, the background is chosen to be black. With this
|
351 |
|
|
option, you can make the background white.
|
352 |
|
|
|
353 |
|
|
4.1.3) font
|
354 |
|
|
-----------
|
355 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
|
Syntax: font:
|
357 |
|
|
|
358 |
|
|
Specify the font to use in text modes. Currently you can choose only
|
359 |
|
|
between `VGA8x8', `VGA8x16' and `PEARL8x8'. `VGA8x8' is default, if the
|
360 |
|
|
vertical size of the display is less than 400 pixel rows. Otherwise, the
|
361 |
|
|
`VGA8x16' font is the default.
|
362 |
|
|
|
363 |
|
|
4.1.4) hwscroll_
|
364 |
|
|
----------------
|
365 |
|
|
|
366 |
|
|
Syntax: hwscroll_
|
367 |
|
|
|
368 |
|
|
The number of additional lines of video memory to reserve for
|
369 |
|
|
speeding up the scrolling ("hardware scrolling"). Hardware scrolling
|
370 |
|
|
is possible only if the kernel can set the video base address in steps
|
371 |
|
|
fine enough. This is true for STE, MegaSTE, TT, and Falcon. It is not
|
372 |
|
|
possible with plain STs and graphics cards (The former because the
|
373 |
|
|
base address must be on a 256 byte boundary there, the latter because
|
374 |
|
|
the kernel doesn't know how to set the base address at all.)
|
375 |
|
|
|
376 |
|
|
By default, is set to the number of visible text lines on the
|
377 |
|
|
display. Thus, the amount of video memory is doubled, compared to no
|
378 |
|
|
hardware scrolling. You can turn off the hardware scrolling altogether
|
379 |
|
|
by setting to 0.
|
380 |
|
|
|
381 |
|
|
4.1.5) internal:
|
382 |
|
|
----------------
|
383 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
|
Syntax: internal:;[;;;]
|
385 |
|
|
|
386 |
|
|
This option specifies the capabilities of some extended internal video
|
387 |
|
|
hardware, like e.g. OverScan. and give the (extended)
|
388 |
|
|
dimensions of the screen.
|
389 |
|
|
|
390 |
|
|
If your OverScan needs a black border, you have to write the last
|
391 |
|
|
three arguments of the "internal:". is the maximum line
|
392 |
|
|
length the hardware allows, the maximum number of lines.
|
393 |
|
|
is the offset of the visible part of the screen memory to its
|
394 |
|
|
physical start, in bytes.
|
395 |
|
|
|
396 |
|
|
Often, extended interval video hardware has to be activated somehow.
|
397 |
|
|
For this, see the "sw_*" options below.
|
398 |
|
|
|
399 |
|
|
4.1.6) external:
|
400 |
|
|
----------------
|
401 |
|
|
|
402 |
|
|
Syntax:
|
403 |
|
|
external:;;;;[;[;\
|
404 |
|
|
[;[;[;]]]]]
|
405 |
|
|
|
406 |
|
|
[I had to break this line...]
|
407 |
|
|
|
408 |
|
|
This is probably the most complicated parameter... It specifies that
|
409 |
|
|
you have some external video hardware (a graphics board), and how to
|
410 |
|
|
use it under Linux/m68k. The kernel cannot know more about the hardware
|
411 |
|
|
than you tell it here! The kernel also is unable to set or change any
|
412 |
|
|
video modes, since it doesn't know about any board internal. So, you
|
413 |
|
|
have to switch to that video mode before you start Linux, and cannot
|
414 |
|
|
switch to another mode once Linux has started.
|
415 |
|
|
|
416 |
|
|
The first 3 parameters of this sub-option should be obvious: ,
|
417 |
|
|
and give the dimensions of the screen and the number of
|
418 |
|
|
planes (depth). The depth is is the logarithm to base 2 of the number
|
419 |
|
|
of colors possible. (Or, the other way round: The number of colors is
|
420 |
|
|
2^depth).
|
421 |
|
|
|
422 |
|
|
You have to tell the kernel furthermore how the video memory is
|
423 |
|
|
organized. This is done by a letter as parameter:
|
424 |
|
|
|
425 |
|
|
'n': "normal planes", i.e. one whole plane after another
|
426 |
|
|
'i': "interleaved planes", i.e. 16 bit of the first plane, than 16 bit
|
427 |
|
|
of the next, and so on... This mode is used only with the
|
428 |
|
|
built-in Atari video modes, I think there is no card that
|
429 |
|
|
supports this mode.
|
430 |
|
|
'p': "packed pixels", i.e. consecutive bits stand for all
|
431 |
|
|
planes of one pixel; this is the most common mode for 8 planes
|
432 |
|
|
(256 colors) on graphic cards
|
433 |
|
|
't': "true color" (more or less packed pixels, but without a color
|
434 |
|
|
lookup table); usually depth is 24
|
435 |
|
|
|
436 |
|
|
For monochrome modes (i.e., is 1), the letter has a
|
437 |
|
|
different meaning:
|
438 |
|
|
|
439 |
|
|
'n': normal colors, i.e. 0=white, 1=black
|
440 |
|
|
'i': inverted colors, i.e. 0=black, 1=white
|
441 |
|
|
|
442 |
|
|
The next important information about the video hardware is the base
|
443 |
|
|
address of the video memory. That is given in the parameter,
|
444 |
|
|
as a hexadecimal number with a "0x" prefix. You have to find out this
|
445 |
|
|
address in the documentation of your hardware.
|
446 |
|
|
|
447 |
|
|
The next parameter, , tells the kernel about the size of the
|
448 |
|
|
video memory. If it's missing, the size is calculated from ,
|
449 |
|
|
, and . For now, it is not useful to write a value here.
|
450 |
|
|
It would be used only for hardware scrolling (which isn't possible
|
451 |
|
|
with the external driver, because the kernel cannot set the video base
|
452 |
|
|
address), or for virtual resolutions under X (which the X server
|
453 |
|
|
doesn't support yet). So, it's currently best to leave this field
|
454 |
|
|
empty, either by ending the "external:" after the video address or by
|
455 |
|
|
writing two consecutive semicolons, if you want to give a
|
456 |
|
|
(it is allowed to leave this parameter empty).
|
457 |
|
|
|
458 |
|
|
The parameter is optional. If it is not given, the kernel
|
459 |
|
|
cannot read or write any color registers of the video hardware, and
|
460 |
|
|
thus you have to set appropriate colors before you start Linux. But if
|
461 |
|
|
your card is somehow VGA compatible, you can tell the kernel the base
|
462 |
|
|
address of the VGA register set, so it can change the color lookup
|
463 |
|
|
table. You have to look up this address in your board's documentation.
|
464 |
|
|
To avoid misunderstandings: is the _base_ address, i.e. a 4k
|
465 |
|
|
aligned address. For read/writing the color registers, the kernel
|
466 |
|
|
uses the addresses vgabase+0x3c7...vgabase+0x3c9. The
|
467 |
|
|
parameter is written in hexadecimal with a "0x" prefix, just as
|
468 |
|
|
.
|
469 |
|
|
|
470 |
|
|
is meaningful only if is specified. It tells the
|
471 |
|
|
kernel how wide each of the color register is, i.e. the number of bits
|
472 |
|
|
per single color (red/green/blue). Default is 6, another quite usual
|
473 |
|
|
value is 8.
|
474 |
|
|
|
475 |
|
|
Also is used together with . It tells the kernel
|
476 |
|
|
about the color register model of your gfx board. Currently, the types
|
477 |
|
|
"vga" (which is also the default) and "mv300" (SANG MV300) are
|
478 |
|
|
implemented.
|
479 |
|
|
|
480 |
|
|
Parameter is required for ProMST or ET4000 cards where
|
481 |
|
|
the physical linelength differs from the visible length. With ProMST,
|
482 |
|
|
xres_virtual must be set to 2048. For ET4000, xres_virtual depends on the
|
483 |
|
|
initialisation of the video-card.
|
484 |
|
|
If you're missing a corresponding yres_virtual: the external part is legacy,
|
485 |
|
|
therefore we don't support hardware-dependent functions like hardware-scroll,
|
486 |
|
|
panning or blanking.
|
487 |
|
|
|
488 |
|
|
4.1.7) eclock:
|
489 |
|
|
--------------
|
490 |
|
|
|
491 |
|
|
The external pixel clock attached to the Falcon VIDEL shifter. This
|
492 |
|
|
currently works only with the ScreenWonder!
|
493 |
|
|
|
494 |
|
|
4.1.8) monitorcap:
|
495 |
|
|
-------------------
|
496 |
|
|
|
497 |
|
|
Syntax: monitorcap:;;;
|
498 |
|
|
|
499 |
|
|
This describes the capabilities of a multisync monitor. Don't use it
|
500 |
|
|
with a fixed-frequency monitor! For now, only the Falcon frame buffer
|
501 |
|
|
uses the settings of "monitorcap:".
|
502 |
|
|
|
503 |
|
|
and are the minimum and maximum, resp., vertical frequencies
|
504 |
|
|
your monitor can work with, in Hz. and are the same for
|
505 |
|
|
the horizontal frequency, in kHz.
|
506 |
|
|
|
507 |
|
|
The defaults are 58;62;31;32 (VGA compatible).
|
508 |
|
|
|
509 |
|
|
The defaults for TV/SC1224/SC1435 cover both PAL and NTSC standards.
|
510 |
|
|
|
511 |
|
|
4.1.9) keep
|
512 |
|
|
------------
|
513 |
|
|
|
514 |
|
|
If this option is given, the framebuffer device doesn't do any video
|
515 |
|
|
mode calculations and settings on its own. The only Atari fb device
|
516 |
|
|
that does this currently is the Falcon.
|
517 |
|
|
|
518 |
|
|
What you reach with this: Settings for unknown video extensions
|
519 |
|
|
aren't overridden by the driver, so you can still use the mode found
|
520 |
|
|
when booting, when the driver doesn't know to set this mode itself.
|
521 |
|
|
But this also means, that you can't switch video modes anymore...
|
522 |
|
|
|
523 |
|
|
An example where you may want to use "keep" is the ScreenBlaster for
|
524 |
|
|
the Falcon.
|
525 |
|
|
|
526 |
|
|
|
527 |
|
|
4.2) atamouse=
|
528 |
|
|
--------------
|
529 |
|
|
|
530 |
|
|
Syntax: atamouse=,[]
|
531 |
|
|
|
532 |
|
|
With this option, you can set the mouse movement reporting threshold.
|
533 |
|
|
This is the number of pixels of mouse movement that have to accumulate
|
534 |
|
|
before the IKBD sends a new mouse packet to the kernel. Higher values
|
535 |
|
|
reduce the mouse interrupt load and thus reduce the chance of keyboard
|
536 |
|
|
overruns. Lower values give a slightly faster mouse responses and
|
537 |
|
|
slightly better mouse tracking.
|
538 |
|
|
|
539 |
|
|
You can set the threshold in x and y separately, but usually this is
|
540 |
|
|
of little practical use. If there's just one number in the option, it
|
541 |
|
|
is used for both dimensions. The default value is 2 for both
|
542 |
|
|
thresholds.
|
543 |
|
|
|
544 |
|
|
|
545 |
|
|
4.3) ataflop=
|
546 |
|
|
-------------
|
547 |
|
|
|
548 |
|
|
Syntax: ataflop=[,[,[,]]]
|
549 |
|
|
|
550 |
|
|
The drive type may be 0, 1, or 2, for DD, HD, and ED, resp. This
|
551 |
|
|
setting affects how many buffers are reserved and which formats are
|
552 |
|
|
probed (see also below). The default is 1 (HD). Only one drive type
|
553 |
|
|
can be selected. If you have two disk drives, select the "better"
|
554 |
|
|
type.
|
555 |
|
|
|
556 |
|
|
The second parameter tells the kernel whether to use
|
557 |
|
|
track buffering (1) or not (0). The default is machine-dependent:
|
558 |
|
|
no for the Medusa and yes for all others.
|
559 |
|
|
|
560 |
|
|
With the two following parameters, you can change the default
|
561 |
|
|
steprate used for drive A and B, resp.
|
562 |
|
|
|
563 |
|
|
|
564 |
|
|
4.4) atascsi=
|
565 |
|
|
-------------
|
566 |
|
|
|
567 |
|
|
Syntax: atascsi=[,[,[,[,]]]]
|
568 |
|
|
|
569 |
|
|
This option sets some parameters for the Atari native SCSI driver.
|
570 |
|
|
Generally, any number of arguments can be omitted from the end. And
|
571 |
|
|
for each of the numbers, a negative value means "use default". The
|
572 |
|
|
defaults depend on whether TT-style or Falcon-style SCSI is used.
|
573 |
|
|
Below, defaults are noted as n/m, where the first value refers to
|
574 |
|
|
TT-SCSI and the latter to Falcon-SCSI. If an illegal value is given
|
575 |
|
|
for one parameter, an error message is printed and that one setting is
|
576 |
|
|
ignored (others aren't affected).
|
577 |
|
|
|
578 |
|
|
:
|
579 |
|
|
This is the maximum number of SCSI commands queued internally to the
|
580 |
|
|
Atari SCSI driver. A value of 1 effectively turns off the driver
|
581 |
|
|
internal multitasking (if it causes problems). Legal values are >=
|
582 |
|
|
1. can be as high as you like, but values greater than
|
583 |
|
|
times the number of SCSI targets (LUNs) you have
|
584 |
|
|
don't make sense. Default: 16/8.
|
585 |
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
:
|
587 |
|
|
Maximum number of SCSI commands issued to the driver for one
|
588 |
|
|
logical unit (LUN, usually one SCSI target). Legal values start
|
589 |
|
|
from 1. If tagged queuing (see below) is not used, values greater
|
590 |
|
|
than 2 don't make sense, but waste memory. Otherwise, the maximum
|
591 |
|
|
is the number of command tags available to the driver (currently
|
592 |
|
|
32). Default: 8/1. (Note: Values > 1 seem to cause problems on a
|
593 |
|
|
Falcon, cause not yet known.)
|
594 |
|
|
|
595 |
|
|
The value at a great part determines the amount of
|
596 |
|
|
memory SCSI reserves for itself. The formula is rather
|
597 |
|
|
complicated, but I can give you some hints:
|
598 |
|
|
no scatter-gather : cmd_per_lun * 232 bytes
|
599 |
|
|
full scatter-gather: cmd_per_lun * approx. 17 Kbytes
|
600 |
|
|
|
601 |
|
|
:
|
602 |
|
|
Size of the scatter-gather table, i.e. the number of requests
|
603 |
|
|
consecutive on the disk that can be merged into one SCSI command.
|
604 |
|
|
Legal values are between 0 and 255. Default: 255/0. Note: This
|
605 |
|
|
value is forced to 0 on a Falcon, since scatter-gather isn't
|
606 |
|
|
possible with the ST-DMA. Not using scatter-gather hurts
|
607 |
|
|
performance significantly.
|
608 |
|
|
|
609 |
|
|
:
|
610 |
|
|
The SCSI ID to be used by the initiator (your Atari). This is
|
611 |
|
|
usually 7, the highest possible ID. Every ID on the SCSI bus must
|
612 |
|
|
be unique. Default: determined at run time: If the NV-RAM checksum
|
613 |
|
|
is valid, and bit 7 in byte 30 of the NV-RAM is set, the lower 3
|
614 |
|
|
bits of this byte are used as the host ID. (This method is defined
|
615 |
|
|
by Atari and also used by some TOS HD drivers.) If the above
|
616 |
|
|
isn't given, the default ID is 7. (both, TT and Falcon).
|
617 |
|
|
|
618 |
|
|
:
|
619 |
|
|
|
620 |
|
|
use tagged queuing for targets that support it. Default: currently
|
621 |
|
|
off, but this may change when tagged queuing handling has been
|
622 |
|
|
proved to be reliable.
|
623 |
|
|
|
624 |
|
|
Tagged queuing means that more than one command can be issued to
|
625 |
|
|
one LUN, and the SCSI device itself orders the requests so they
|
626 |
|
|
can be performed in optimal order. Not all SCSI devices support
|
627 |
|
|
tagged queuing (:-().
|
628 |
|
|
|
629 |
|
|
4.6 switches=
|
630 |
|
|
-------------
|
631 |
|
|
|
632 |
|
|
Syntax: switches=
|
633 |
|
|
|
634 |
|
|
With this option you can switch some hardware lines that are often
|
635 |
|
|
used to enable/disable certain hardware extensions. Examples are
|
636 |
|
|
OverScan, overclocking, ...
|
637 |
|
|
|
638 |
|
|
The is a comma-separated list of the following
|
639 |
|
|
items:
|
640 |
|
|
|
641 |
|
|
ikbd: set RTS of the keyboard ACIA high
|
642 |
|
|
midi: set RTS of the MIDI ACIA high
|
643 |
|
|
snd6: set bit 6 of the PSG port A
|
644 |
|
|
snd7: set bit 6 of the PSG port A
|
645 |
|
|
|
646 |
|
|
It doesn't make sense to mention a switch more than once (no
|
647 |
|
|
difference to only once), but you can give as many switches as you
|
648 |
|
|
want to enable different features. The switch lines are set as early
|
649 |
|
|
as possible during kernel initialization (even before determining the
|
650 |
|
|
present hardware.)
|
651 |
|
|
|
652 |
|
|
All of the items can also be prefixed with "ov_", i.e. "ov_ikbd",
|
653 |
|
|
"ov_midi", ... These options are meant for switching on an OverScan
|
654 |
|
|
video extension. The difference to the bare option is that the
|
655 |
|
|
switch-on is done after video initialization, and somehow synchronized
|
656 |
|
|
to the HBLANK. A speciality is that ov_ikbd and ov_midi are switched
|
657 |
|
|
off before rebooting, so that OverScan is disabled and TOS boots
|
658 |
|
|
correctly.
|
659 |
|
|
|
660 |
|
|
If you give an option both, with and without the "ov_" prefix, the
|
661 |
|
|
earlier initialization ("ov_"-less) takes precedence. But the
|
662 |
|
|
switching-off on reset still happens in this case.
|
663 |
|
|
|
664 |
|
|
4.5) stram_swap=
|
665 |
|
|
----------------
|
666 |
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
Syntax: stram_swap=[,]
|
668 |
|
|
|
669 |
|
|
This option is available only if the kernel has been compiled with
|
670 |
|
|
CONFIG_STRAM_SWAP enabled. Normally, the kernel then determines
|
671 |
|
|
dynamically whether to actually use ST-RAM as swap space. (Currently,
|
672 |
|
|
the fraction of ST-RAM must be less or equal 1/3 of total memory to
|
673 |
|
|
enable this swapping.) You can override the kernel's decision by
|
674 |
|
|
specifying this option. 1 for means always enable the swap,
|
675 |
|
|
even if you have less alternate RAM. 0 stands for never swap to
|
676 |
|
|
ST-RAM, even if it's small enough compared to the rest of memory.
|
677 |
|
|
|
678 |
|
|
If ST-RAM swapping is enabled, the kernel usually uses all free
|
679 |
|
|
ST-RAM as swap "device". If the kernel resides in ST-RAM, the region
|
680 |
|
|
allocated by it is obviously never used for swapping :-) You can also
|
681 |
|
|
limit this amount by specifying the second parameter, , if
|
682 |
|
|
you want to use parts of ST-RAM as normal system memory. is
|
683 |
|
|
in kBytes and the number should be a multiple of 4 (otherwise: rounded
|
684 |
|
|
down).
|
685 |
|
|
|
686 |
|
|
5) Options for Amiga Only:
|
687 |
|
|
==========================
|
688 |
|
|
|
689 |
|
|
5.1) video=
|
690 |
|
|
-----------
|
691 |
|
|
|
692 |
|
|
Syntax: video=:
|
693 |
|
|
|
694 |
|
|
The parameter specifies the name of the frame buffer, valid
|
695 |
|
|
options are `amifb', `cyber', 'virge', `retz3' and `clgen', provided
|
696 |
|
|
that the respective frame buffer devices have been compiled into the
|
697 |
|
|
kernel (or compiled as loadable modules). The behavior of the
|
698 |
|
|
option was changed in 2.1.57 so it is now recommended to specify this
|
699 |
|
|
option.
|
700 |
|
|
|
701 |
|
|
The is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
|
702 |
|
|
below. This option is organized similar to the Atari version of the
|
703 |
|
|
"video"-option (4.1), but knows fewer sub-options.
|
704 |
|
|
|
705 |
|
|
5.1.1) video mode
|
706 |
|
|
-----------------
|
707 |
|
|
|
708 |
|
|
Again, similar to the video mode for the Atari (see 4.1.1). Predefined
|
709 |
|
|
modes depend on the used frame buffer device.
|
710 |
|
|
|
711 |
|
|
OCS, ECS and AGA machines all use the color frame buffer. The following
|
712 |
|
|
predefined video modes are available:
|
713 |
|
|
|
714 |
|
|
NTSC modes:
|
715 |
|
|
- ntsc : 640x200, 15 kHz, 60 Hz
|
716 |
|
|
- ntsc-lace : 640x400, 15 kHz, 60 Hz interlaced
|
717 |
|
|
PAL modes:
|
718 |
|
|
- pal : 640x256, 15 kHz, 50 Hz
|
719 |
|
|
- pal-lace : 640x512, 15 kHz, 50 Hz interlaced
|
720 |
|
|
ECS modes:
|
721 |
|
|
- multiscan : 640x480, 29 kHz, 57 Hz
|
722 |
|
|
- multiscan-lace : 640x960, 29 kHz, 57 Hz interlaced
|
723 |
|
|
- euro36 : 640x200, 15 kHz, 72 Hz
|
724 |
|
|
- euro36-lace : 640x400, 15 kHz, 72 Hz interlaced
|
725 |
|
|
- euro72 : 640x400, 29 kHz, 68 Hz
|
726 |
|
|
- euro72-lace : 640x800, 29 kHz, 68 Hz interlaced
|
727 |
|
|
- super72 : 800x300, 23 kHz, 70 Hz
|
728 |
|
|
- super72-lace : 800x600, 23 kHz, 70 Hz interlaced
|
729 |
|
|
- dblntsc-ff : 640x400, 27 kHz, 57 Hz
|
730 |
|
|
- dblntsc-lace : 640x800, 27 kHz, 57 Hz interlaced
|
731 |
|
|
- dblpal-ff : 640x512, 27 kHz, 47 Hz
|
732 |
|
|
- dblpal-lace : 640x1024, 27 kHz, 47 Hz interlaced
|
733 |
|
|
- dblntsc : 640x200, 27 kHz, 57 Hz doublescan
|
734 |
|
|
- dblpal : 640x256, 27 kHz, 47 Hz doublescan
|
735 |
|
|
VGA modes:
|
736 |
|
|
- vga : 640x480, 31 kHz, 60 Hz
|
737 |
|
|
- vga70 : 640x400, 31 kHz, 70 Hz
|
738 |
|
|
|
739 |
|
|
Please notice that the ECS and VGA modes require either an ECS or AGA
|
740 |
|
|
chipset, and that these modes are limited to 2-bit color for the ECS
|
741 |
|
|
chipset and 8-bit color for the AGA chipset.
|
742 |
|
|
|
743 |
|
|
5.1.2) depth
|
744 |
|
|
------------
|
745 |
|
|
|
746 |
|
|
Syntax: depth:
|
747 |
|
|
|
748 |
|
|
Specify the number of bit-planes for the selected video-mode.
|
749 |
|
|
|
750 |
|
|
5.1.3) inverse
|
751 |
|
|
--------------
|
752 |
|
|
|
753 |
|
|
Use inverted display (black on white). Functionally the same as the
|
754 |
|
|
"inverse" sub-option for the Atari.
|
755 |
|
|
|
756 |
|
|
5.1.4) font
|
757 |
|
|
-----------
|
758 |
|
|
|
759 |
|
|
Syntax: font:
|
760 |
|
|
|
761 |
|
|
Specify the font to use in text modes. Functionally the same as the
|
762 |
|
|
"font" sub-option for the Atari, except that `PEARL8x8' is used instead
|
763 |
|
|
of `VGA8x8' if the vertical size of the display is less than 400 pixel
|
764 |
|
|
rows.
|
765 |
|
|
|
766 |
|
|
5.1.5) monitorcap:
|
767 |
|
|
-------------------
|
768 |
|
|
|
769 |
|
|
Syntax: monitorcap:;;;
|
770 |
|
|
|
771 |
|
|
This describes the capabilities of a multisync monitor. For now, only
|
772 |
|
|
the color frame buffer uses the settings of "monitorcap:".
|
773 |
|
|
|
774 |
|
|
and are the minimum and maximum, resp., vertical frequencies
|
775 |
|
|
your monitor can work with, in Hz. and are the same for
|
776 |
|
|
the horizontal frequency, in kHz.
|
777 |
|
|
|
778 |
|
|
The defaults are 50;90;15;38 (Generic Amiga multisync monitor).
|
779 |
|
|
|
780 |
|
|
|
781 |
|
|
5.2) fd_def_df0=
|
782 |
|
|
----------------
|
783 |
|
|
|
784 |
|
|
Syntax: fd_def_df0=
|
785 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
Sets the df0 value for "silent" floppy drives. The value should be in
|
787 |
|
|
hexadecimal with "0x" prefix.
|
788 |
|
|
|
789 |
|
|
|
790 |
|
|
5.3) wd33c93=
|
791 |
|
|
-------------
|
792 |
|
|
|
793 |
|
|
Syntax: wd33c93=
|
794 |
|
|
|
795 |
|
|
These options affect the A590/A2091, A3000 and GVP Series II SCSI
|
796 |
|
|
controllers.
|
797 |
|
|
|
798 |
|
|
The is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
|
799 |
|
|
below.
|
800 |
|
|
|
801 |
|
|
5.3.1) nosync
|
802 |
|
|
-------------
|
803 |
|
|
|
804 |
|
|
Syntax: nosync:bitmask
|
805 |
|
|
|
806 |
|
|
bitmask is a byte where the 1st 7 bits correspond with the 7
|
807 |
|
|
possible SCSI devices. Set a bit to prevent sync negotiation on that
|
808 |
|
|
device. To maintain backwards compatibility, a command-line such as
|
809 |
|
|
"wd33c93=255" will be automatically translated to
|
810 |
|
|
"wd33c93=nosync:0xff". The default is to disable sync negotiation for
|
811 |
|
|
all devices, eg. nosync:0xff.
|
812 |
|
|
|
813 |
|
|
5.3.2) period
|
814 |
|
|
-------------
|
815 |
|
|
|
816 |
|
|
Syntax: period:ns
|
817 |
|
|
|
818 |
|
|
`ns' is the minimum # of nanoseconds in a SCSI data transfer
|
819 |
|
|
period. Default is 500; acceptable values are 250 - 1000.
|
820 |
|
|
|
821 |
|
|
5.3.3) disconnect
|
822 |
|
|
-----------------
|
823 |
|
|
|
824 |
|
|
Syntax: disconnect:x
|
825 |
|
|
|
826 |
|
|
Specify x = 0 to never allow disconnects, 2 to always allow them.
|
827 |
|
|
x = 1 does 'adaptive' disconnects, which is the default and generally
|
828 |
|
|
the best choice.
|
829 |
|
|
|
830 |
|
|
5.3.4) debug
|
831 |
|
|
------------
|
832 |
|
|
|
833 |
|
|
Syntax: debug:x
|
834 |
|
|
|
835 |
|
|
If `DEBUGGING_ON' is defined, x is a bit mask that causes various
|
836 |
|
|
types of debug output to printed - see the DB_xxx defines in
|
837 |
|
|
wd33c93.h.
|
838 |
|
|
|
839 |
|
|
5.3.5) clock
|
840 |
|
|
------------
|
841 |
|
|
|
842 |
|
|
Syntax: clock:x
|
843 |
|
|
|
844 |
|
|
x = clock input in MHz for WD33c93 chip. Normal values would be from
|
845 |
|
|
8 through 20. The default value depends on your hostadapter(s),
|
846 |
|
|
default for the A3000 internal controller is 14, for the A2091 it's 8
|
847 |
|
|
and for the GVP hostadapters it's either 8 or 14, depending on the
|
848 |
|
|
hostadapter and the SCSI-clock jumper present on some GVP
|
849 |
|
|
hostadapters.
|
850 |
|
|
|
851 |
|
|
5.3.6) next
|
852 |
|
|
-----------
|
853 |
|
|
|
854 |
|
|
No argument. Used to separate blocks of keywords when there's more
|
855 |
|
|
than one wd33c93-based host adapter in the system.
|
856 |
|
|
|
857 |
|
|
5.3.7) nodma
|
858 |
|
|
------------
|
859 |
|
|
|
860 |
|
|
Syntax: nodma:x
|
861 |
|
|
|
862 |
|
|
If x is 1 (or if the option is just written as "nodma"), the WD33c93
|
863 |
|
|
controller will not use DMA (= direct memory access) to access the
|
864 |
|
|
Amiga's memory. This is useful for some systems (like A3000's and
|
865 |
|
|
A4000's with the A3640 accelerator, revision 3.0) that have problems
|
866 |
|
|
using DMA to chip memory. The default is 0, i.e. to use DMA if
|
867 |
|
|
possible.
|
868 |
|
|
|
869 |
|
|
|
870 |
|
|
5.4) gvp11=
|
871 |
|
|
-----------
|
872 |
|
|
|
873 |
|
|
Syntax: gvp11=
|
874 |
|
|
|
875 |
|
|
The earlier versions of the GVP driver did not handle DMA
|
876 |
|
|
address-mask settings correctly which made it necessary for some
|
877 |
|
|
people to use this option, in order to get their GVP controller
|
878 |
|
|
running under Linux. These problems have hopefully been solved and the
|
879 |
|
|
use of this option is now highly unrecommended!
|
880 |
|
|
|
881 |
|
|
Incorrect use can lead to unpredictable behavior, so please only use
|
882 |
|
|
this option if you *know* what you are doing and have a reason to do
|
883 |
|
|
so. In any case if you experience problems and need to use this
|
884 |
|
|
option, please inform us about it by mailing to the Linux/68k kernel
|
885 |
|
|
mailing list.
|
886 |
|
|
|
887 |
|
|
The address mask set by this option specifies which addresses are
|
888 |
|
|
valid for DMA with the GVP Series II SCSI controller. An address is
|
889 |
|
|
valid, if no bits are set except the bits that are set in the mask,
|
890 |
|
|
too.
|
891 |
|
|
|
892 |
|
|
Some versions of the GVP can only DMA into a 24 bit address range,
|
893 |
|
|
some can address a 25 bit address range while others can use the whole
|
894 |
|
|
32 bit address range for DMA. The correct setting depends on your
|
895 |
|
|
controller and should be autodetected by the driver. An example is the
|
896 |
|
|
24 bit region which is specified by a mask of 0x00fffffe.
|
897 |
|
|
|
898 |
|
|
|
899 |
|
|
5.5) 53c7xx=
|
900 |
|
|
------------
|
901 |
|
|
|
902 |
|
|
Syntax: 53c7xx=
|
903 |
|
|
|
904 |
|
|
These options affect the A4000T, A4091, WarpEngine, Blizzard 603e+,
|
905 |
|
|
and GForce 040/060 SCSI controllers on the Amiga, as well as the
|
906 |
|
|
builtin MVME 16x SCSI controller.
|
907 |
|
|
|
908 |
|
|
The is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed
|
909 |
|
|
below.
|
910 |
|
|
|
911 |
|
|
5.5.1) nosync
|
912 |
|
|
-------------
|
913 |
|
|
|
914 |
|
|
Syntax: nosync:0
|
915 |
|
|
|
916 |
|
|
Disables sync negotiation for all devices. Any value after the
|
917 |
|
|
colon is acceptable (and has the same effect).
|
918 |
|
|
|
919 |
|
|
5.5.2) noasync
|
920 |
|
|
--------------
|
921 |
|
|
|
922 |
|
|
Syntax: noasync:0
|
923 |
|
|
|
924 |
|
|
Disables async and sync negotiation for all devices. Any value
|
925 |
|
|
after the colon is acceptable (and has the same effect).
|
926 |
|
|
|
927 |
|
|
5.5.3) nodisconnect
|
928 |
|
|
-------------------
|
929 |
|
|
|
930 |
|
|
Syntax: nodisconnect:0
|
931 |
|
|
|
932 |
|
|
Disables SCSI disconnects. Any value after the colon is acceptable
|
933 |
|
|
(and has the same effect).
|
934 |
|
|
|
935 |
|
|
5.5.4) validids
|
936 |
|
|
---------------
|
937 |
|
|
|
938 |
|
|
Syntax: validids:0xNN
|
939 |
|
|
|
940 |
|
|
Specify which SCSI ids the driver should pay attention to. This is
|
941 |
|
|
a bitmask (i.e. to only pay attention to ID#4, you'd use 0x10).
|
942 |
|
|
Default is 0x7f (devices 0-6).
|
943 |
|
|
|
944 |
|
|
5.5.5) opthi
|
945 |
|
|
5.5.6) optlo
|
946 |
|
|
------------
|
947 |
|
|
|
948 |
|
|
Syntax: opthi:M,optlo:N
|
949 |
|
|
|
950 |
|
|
Specify options for "hostdata->options". The acceptable definitions
|
951 |
|
|
are listed in drivers/scsi/53c7xx.h; the 32 high bits should be in
|
952 |
|
|
opthi and the 32 low bits in optlo. They must be specified in the
|
953 |
|
|
order opthi=M,optlo=N.
|
954 |
|
|
|
955 |
|
|
5.5.7) next
|
956 |
|
|
-----------
|
957 |
|
|
|
958 |
|
|
No argument. Used to separate blocks of keywords when there's more
|
959 |
|
|
than one 53c7xx host adapter in the system.
|
960 |
|
|
|
961 |
|
|
|
962 |
|
|
/* Local Variables: */
|
963 |
|
|
/* mode: text */
|
964 |
|
|
/* End: */
|