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LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES
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Maintained by H. Peter Anvin
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Last revised: July 9, 1996
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This list is the successor to Rick Miller's Linux Device List, which
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he stopped maintaining when he got busy with other things in 1993. It
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is a registry of allocated major device numbers, as well as the
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recommended /dev directory nodes for these devices.
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The latest version of this list is included with the Linux kernel
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sources in LaTeX and ASCII form. In case of discrepancy, the LaTeX
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version is authoritative.
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This document is included by reference into the Linux Filesystem
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Standard (FSSTND). The FSSTND is available via FTP from
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tsx-11.mit.edu in the directory /pub/linux/docs/linux-standards/fsstnd.
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To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
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where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
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appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
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information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
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made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note. When sending me
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mail, please include the word "device" in the subject so your mail
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won't accidentally get buried!
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Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
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platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
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the Atari platform only.
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This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
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that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
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permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
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an unreasonable effort.
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In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
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least not without contacting me first.
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I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
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on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
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reply.
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1 char Memory devices
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1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
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2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
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3 = /dev/null Null device
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4 = /dev/port I/O port access
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5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
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6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
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7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
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8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
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9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
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block RAM disk
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...
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7 = /dev/ram7 Eighth RAM disk
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250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
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Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
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/dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
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by the boot loader.
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2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
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1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
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...
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255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
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Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
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* Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
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* the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
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the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
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* the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
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the position within the series.
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block Floppy disks
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1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 1, drive 2 autodetect
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2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 1, drive 3 autodetect
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3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 1, drive 4 autodetect
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128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 2, drive 1 autodetect
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129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 2, drive 2 autodetect
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130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 2, drive 3 autodetect
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131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 2, drive 4 autodetect
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To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
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4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
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20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
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48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
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64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
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24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
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80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
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8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
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40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
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56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
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72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
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92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
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12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density
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120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(1)
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52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density(2)
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68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
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84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
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88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
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28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
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124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
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44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
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60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
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76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
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96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
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116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
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100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
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32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
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104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
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108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
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112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
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36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
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(1) Autodetectable format
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(2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
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(3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
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NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
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signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
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5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
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(any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
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and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
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the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
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3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
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1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
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...
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256 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
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block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
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64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
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For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
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1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
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2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
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...
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63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
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For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
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partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
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Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
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appropriate to their respective architectures.
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4 char TTY devices
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1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
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...
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63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
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64 = /dev/ttyS0 First serial port
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...
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127 = /dev/ttyS63 64th serial port
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128 = /dev/ptyp0 First pseudo-tty master
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...
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191 = /dev/ptysf 64th pseudo-tty master
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192 = /dev/ttyp0 First pseudo-tty slave
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...
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255 = /dev/ttysf 64th pseudo-tty slave
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For compatibility with previous versions of Linux, the
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first 64 PTYs are replicated under this device
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number. This use will be obsolescent with the release
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of Linux 1.4 and may be removed in a future version of
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Linux.
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5 char Alternate TTY devices
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64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device corresponding to ttyS0
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...
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127 = /dev/cua63 Callout device corresponding to ttyS63
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6 char Parallel printer devices
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1 = /dev/lp1 Second parallel printer (0x378)
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2 = /dev/lp2 Third parallel printer (0x278)
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Not all computers have the 0x3bc parallel port; hence
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the "first" printer may be either /dev/lp0 or
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/dev/lp1.
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7 char Virtual console capture devices
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1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
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...
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63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
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128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
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129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
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...
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191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
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NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
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block Loopback devices
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1 = /dev/loop1 Second loopback device
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...
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The loopback devices are used to mount filesystems not
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associated with block devices. The binding to the
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loopback devices is usually handled by mount(8).
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8 block SCSI disk devices
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16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
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32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
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...
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240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
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Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
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disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
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partitions is 15.
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9 char SCSI tape devices
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1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
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...
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32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
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33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
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...
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64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
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65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
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...
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96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
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97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
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...
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128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
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129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
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...
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160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
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161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
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...
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192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
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193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
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...
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224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
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225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
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...
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"No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
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automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
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ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
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the device used to access it.
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block Metadisk (RAID) devices
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1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
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...
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The metadisk driver is used to span a
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file system across multiple physical disks.
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10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
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1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
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2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
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3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
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4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
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4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
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5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
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6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
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7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
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128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
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129 = /dev/modreq Kernel module load request
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130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
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131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
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132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
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133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
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134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
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135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
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136 = /dev/qcam0 QuickCam on lp0
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137 = /dev/qcam1 QuickCam on lp1
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138 = /dev/qcam2 QuickCam on lp2
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139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
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11 char Raw keyboard device
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The raw keyboard device is used on Linux/SPARC only.
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block SCSI CD-ROM devices
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1 = /dev/sr1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
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...
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The prefix /dev/scd instead of /dev/sr has been used
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as well, and might make more sense.
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12 char QIC-02 tape
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2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
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3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
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4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
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5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
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6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
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7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
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8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
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9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
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The device names specified are proposed -- if there
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are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
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block MSCDEX CD-ROM callback support
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1 = /dev/dos_cd1 Second MSCDEX CD-ROM
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...
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13 char PC speaker
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1 = /dev/pcsp Emulates /dev/dsp (8-bit)
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4 = /dev/pcaudio Emulates /dev/audio
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|
|
5 = /dev/pcsp16 Emulates /dev/dsp (16-bit)
|
| 325 |
|
|
block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
|
| 326 |
|
|
|
| 327 |
|
|
64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk
|
| 328 |
|
|
|
| 329 |
|
|
Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
|
| 330 |
|
|
(see major number 3).
|
| 331 |
|
|
|
| 332 |
|
|
14 char Sound card
|
| 333 |
|
|
|
| 334 |
|
|
1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
|
| 335 |
|
|
2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
|
| 336 |
|
|
3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
|
| 337 |
|
|
4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
|
| 338 |
|
|
6 = /dev/sndstat Sound card status information
|
| 339 |
|
|
8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
|
| 340 |
|
|
16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
|
| 341 |
|
|
17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
|
| 342 |
|
|
18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
|
| 343 |
|
|
19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
|
| 344 |
|
|
20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
|
| 345 |
|
|
33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
|
| 346 |
|
|
34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
|
| 347 |
|
|
50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
|
| 348 |
|
|
block BIOS hard drive callback support
|
| 349 |
|
|
|
| 350 |
|
|
64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS hard drive whole disk
|
| 351 |
|
|
128 = /dev/dos_hdc Third BIOS hard drive whole disk
|
| 352 |
|
|
192 = /dev/dos_hdd Fourth BIOS hard drive whole disk
|
| 353 |
|
|
|
| 354 |
|
|
Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
|
| 355 |
|
|
(see major number 3).
|
| 356 |
|
|
|
| 357 |
|
|
15 char Joystick
|
| 358 |
|
|
|
| 359 |
|
|
1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
|
| 360 |
|
|
...
|
| 361 |
|
|
128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
|
| 362 |
|
|
129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
|
| 363 |
|
|
...
|
| 364 |
|
|
block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
|
| 365 |
|
|
|
| 366 |
|
|
|
| 367 |
|
|
16 char Non-SCSI scanners
|
| 368 |
|
|
|
| 369 |
|
|
block GoldStar CD-ROM
|
| 370 |
|
|
|
| 371 |
|
|
|
| 372 |
|
|
17 char Chase serial card
|
| 373 |
|
|
|
| 374 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
|
| 375 |
|
|
...
|
| 376 |
|
|
block Optics Storage CD-ROM
|
| 377 |
|
|
|
| 378 |
|
|
|
| 379 |
|
|
18 char Chase serial card - alternate devices
|
| 380 |
|
|
|
| 381 |
|
|
1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device corresponding to ttyH1
|
| 382 |
|
|
...
|
| 383 |
|
|
block Sanyo CD-ROM
|
| 384 |
|
|
|
| 385 |
|
|
|
| 386 |
|
|
19 char Cyclades serial card
|
| 387 |
|
|
|
| 388 |
|
|
...
|
| 389 |
|
|
31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
|
| 390 |
|
|
block "Double" compressed disk
|
| 391 |
|
|
|
| 392 |
|
|
...
|
| 393 |
|
|
7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
|
| 394 |
|
|
128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
|
| 395 |
|
|
...
|
| 396 |
|
|
135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
|
| 397 |
|
|
|
| 398 |
|
|
See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
|
| 399 |
|
|
mirror devices.
|
| 400 |
|
|
|
| 401 |
|
|
20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
|
| 402 |
|
|
|
| 403 |
|
|
...
|
| 404 |
|
|
31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device corresponding to ttyC31
|
| 405 |
|
|
block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
|
| 406 |
|
|
|
| 407 |
|
|
|
| 408 |
|
|
21 char Generic SCSI access
|
| 409 |
|
|
|
| 410 |
|
|
1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
|
| 411 |
|
|
...
|
| 412 |
|
|
|
| 413 |
|
|
22 char Digiboard serial card
|
| 414 |
|
|
|
| 415 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
|
| 416 |
|
|
...
|
| 417 |
|
|
block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
|
| 418 |
|
|
|
| 419 |
|
|
64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
|
| 420 |
|
|
|
| 421 |
|
|
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
|
| 422 |
|
|
interface (see major number 3).
|
| 423 |
|
|
|
| 424 |
|
|
23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
|
| 425 |
|
|
|
| 426 |
|
|
1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device corresponding to ttyD1
|
| 427 |
|
|
...
|
| 428 |
|
|
block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
|
| 429 |
|
|
|
| 430 |
|
|
|
| 431 |
|
|
24 char Stallion serial card
|
| 432 |
|
|
|
| 433 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
|
| 434 |
|
|
...
|
| 435 |
|
|
64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
|
| 436 |
|
|
65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
|
| 437 |
|
|
...
|
| 438 |
|
|
128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
|
| 439 |
|
|
129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
|
| 440 |
|
|
...
|
| 441 |
|
|
192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
|
| 442 |
|
|
193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
|
| 443 |
|
|
...
|
| 444 |
|
|
block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
|
| 445 |
|
|
|
| 446 |
|
|
|
| 447 |
|
|
25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
|
| 448 |
|
|
|
| 449 |
|
|
1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device corresponding to ttyE1
|
| 450 |
|
|
...
|
| 451 |
|
|
64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device corresponding to ttyE64
|
| 452 |
|
|
65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device corresponding to ttyE65
|
| 453 |
|
|
...
|
| 454 |
|
|
128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device corresponding to ttyE128
|
| 455 |
|
|
129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device corresponding to ttyE129
|
| 456 |
|
|
...
|
| 457 |
|
|
192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device corresponding to ttyE192
|
| 458 |
|
|
193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device corresponding to ttyE193
|
| 459 |
|
|
...
|
| 460 |
|
|
block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
|
| 461 |
|
|
|
| 462 |
|
|
1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
|
| 463 |
|
|
2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
|
| 464 |
|
|
3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
|
| 465 |
|
|
|
| 466 |
|
|
26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber
|
| 467 |
|
|
|
| 468 |
|
|
block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
|
| 469 |
|
|
|
| 470 |
|
|
1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
|
| 471 |
|
|
2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
|
| 472 |
|
|
3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
|
| 473 |
|
|
|
| 474 |
|
|
27 char QIC-117 tape
|
| 475 |
|
|
|
| 476 |
|
|
1 = /dev/rft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
|
| 477 |
|
|
2 = /dev/rft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
|
| 478 |
|
|
3 = /dev/rft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
|
| 479 |
|
|
4 = /dev/nrft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
|
| 480 |
|
|
5 = /dev/nrft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
|
| 481 |
|
|
6 = /dev/nrft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
|
| 482 |
|
|
7 = /dev/nrft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
|
| 483 |
|
|
block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
|
| 484 |
|
|
|
| 485 |
|
|
1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
|
| 486 |
|
|
2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
|
| 487 |
|
|
3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
|
| 488 |
|
|
|
| 489 |
|
|
28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
|
| 490 |
|
|
|
| 491 |
|
|
1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
|
| 492 |
|
|
2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
|
| 493 |
|
|
3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
|
| 494 |
|
|
char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
|
| 495 |
|
|
|
| 496 |
|
|
1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
|
| 497 |
|
|
...
|
| 498 |
|
|
block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
|
| 499 |
|
|
|
| 500 |
|
|
1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
|
| 501 |
|
|
2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
|
| 502 |
|
|
3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
|
| 503 |
|
|
block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
|
| 504 |
|
|
|
| 505 |
|
|
16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
|
| 506 |
|
|
32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
|
| 507 |
|
|
...
|
| 508 |
|
|
240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
|
| 509 |
|
|
|
| 510 |
|
|
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
|
| 511 |
|
|
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
|
| 512 |
|
|
partitions is 15, like SCSI.
|
| 513 |
|
|
|
| 514 |
|
|
29 char Universal frame buffer
|
| 515 |
|
|
|
| 516 |
|
|
1 = /dev/fb0autodetect
|
| 517 |
|
|
24 = /dev/fb0user0
|
| 518 |
|
|
...
|
| 519 |
|
|
31 = /dev/fb0user7
|
| 520 |
|
|
32 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
|
| 521 |
|
|
33 = /dev/fb1autodetect
|
| 522 |
|
|
56 = /dev/fb1user0
|
| 523 |
|
|
...
|
| 524 |
|
|
63 = /dev/fb1user7
|
| 525 |
|
|
|
| 526 |
|
|
The universal frame buffer device is currently only
|
| 527 |
|
|
supported on Linux/68k and Linux/SPARC. The plain
|
| 528 |
|
|
device accesses the frame buffer at current resolution
|
| 529 |
|
|
(Linux/68k calls this device "current",
|
| 530 |
|
|
e.g. /dev/fb0current); the "autodetect" one at bootup
|
| 531 |
|
|
(default) resolution. Minor numbers 2-23 within each
|
| 532 |
|
|
frame buffer assignment are used for specific
|
| 533 |
|
|
device-dependent resolutions. There appears to be no
|
| 534 |
|
|
standard naming for these devices. Finally, 2-31
|
| 535 |
|
|
within each device are reserved for user-selected
|
| 536 |
|
|
modes, usually entered at boot time. Currently only
|
| 537 |
|
|
Linux/68k uses the mode-specific devices.
|
| 538 |
|
|
|
| 539 |
|
|
block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
|
| 540 |
|
|
|
| 541 |
|
|
|
| 542 |
|
|
30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
|
| 543 |
|
|
|
| 544 |
|
|
1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
|
| 545 |
|
|
2 = /dev/inet/arp Network access
|
| 546 |
|
|
2 = /dev/inet/icmp Network access
|
| 547 |
|
|
2 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
|
| 548 |
|
|
2 = /dev/inet/udp Network access
|
| 549 |
|
|
2 = /dev/inet/tcp Network access
|
| 550 |
|
|
|
| 551 |
|
|
iBCS-2 requires /dev/nfsd to be a link to
|
| 552 |
|
|
/dev/socksys, and /dev/X0R to be a link to /dev/null.
|
| 553 |
|
|
|
| 554 |
|
|
block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
|
| 555 |
|
|
|
| 556 |
|
|
|
| 557 |
|
|
/dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
|
| 558 |
|
|
driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
|
| 559 |
|
|
|
| 560 |
|
|
31 char MPU-401 MIDI
|
| 561 |
|
|
|
| 562 |
|
|
1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
|
| 563 |
|
|
block ROM/flash memory card
|
| 564 |
|
|
|
| 565 |
|
|
...
|
| 566 |
|
|
7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
|
| 567 |
|
|
8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
|
| 568 |
|
|
...
|
| 569 |
|
|
15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
|
| 570 |
|
|
16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
|
| 571 |
|
|
...
|
| 572 |
|
|
23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
|
| 573 |
|
|
24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
|
| 574 |
|
|
...
|
| 575 |
|
|
31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
|
| 576 |
|
|
|
| 577 |
|
|
The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
|
| 578 |
|
|
written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
|
| 579 |
|
|
devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
|
| 580 |
|
|
only.
|
| 581 |
|
|
|
| 582 |
|
|
32 char Specialix serial card
|
| 583 |
|
|
|
| 584 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
|
| 585 |
|
|
...
|
| 586 |
|
|
block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
|
| 587 |
|
|
|
| 588 |
|
|
|
| 589 |
|
|
33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
|
| 590 |
|
|
|
| 591 |
|
|
1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device corresponding to ttyX1
|
| 592 |
|
|
...
|
| 593 |
|
|
block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
|
| 594 |
|
|
|
| 595 |
|
|
64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
|
| 596 |
|
|
|
| 597 |
|
|
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
|
| 598 |
|
|
interface (see major number 3).
|
| 599 |
|
|
|
| 600 |
|
|
34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
|
| 601 |
|
|
|
| 602 |
|
|
1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
|
| 603 |
|
|
2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
|
| 604 |
|
|
3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
|
| 605 |
|
|
...
|
| 606 |
|
|
|
| 607 |
|
|
In a previous version these devices were named
|
| 608 |
|
|
/dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
|
| 609 |
|
|
on.
|
| 610 |
|
|
|
| 611 |
|
|
block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
|
| 612 |
|
|
|
| 613 |
|
|
64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
|
| 614 |
|
|
|
| 615 |
|
|
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
|
| 616 |
|
|
interface (see major number 3).
|
| 617 |
|
|
|
| 618 |
|
|
35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
|
| 619 |
|
|
|
| 620 |
|
|
1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
|
| 621 |
|
|
2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
|
| 622 |
|
|
3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
|
| 623 |
|
|
64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
|
| 624 |
|
|
65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
|
| 625 |
|
|
66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
|
| 626 |
|
|
67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
|
| 627 |
|
|
128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
|
| 628 |
|
|
129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
|
| 629 |
|
|
130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
|
| 630 |
|
|
131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
|
| 631 |
|
|
block Modular RAM disk device
|
| 632 |
|
|
|
| 633 |
|
|
This device number is provided for older kernels which
|
| 634 |
|
|
did not have the modular RAM disk in the standard
|
| 635 |
|
|
distribution. See major number 1. This assignment
|
| 636 |
|
|
will be removed when the 2.0 kernel is released.
|
| 637 |
|
|
|
| 638 |
|
|
36 char Netlink support
|
| 639 |
|
|
|
| 640 |
|
|
1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
|
| 641 |
|
|
block MCA ESDI hard disk
|
| 642 |
|
|
|
| 643 |
|
|
64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
|
| 644 |
|
|
...
|
| 645 |
|
|
|
| 646 |
|
|
Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
|
| 647 |
|
|
(see major number 3).
|
| 648 |
|
|
|
| 649 |
|
|
37 char IDE tape
|
| 650 |
|
|
|
| 651 |
|
|
128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
|
| 652 |
|
|
|
| 653 |
|
|
Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
|
| 654 |
|
|
|
| 655 |
|
|
block Zorro II ramdisk
|
| 656 |
|
|
|
| 657 |
|
|
|
| 658 |
|
|
38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
|
| 659 |
|
|
|
| 660 |
|
|
1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
|
| 661 |
|
|
...
|
| 662 |
|
|
|
| 663 |
|
|
This device is used for status query, board control
|
| 664 |
|
|
and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
|
| 665 |
|
|
accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
|
| 666 |
|
|
|
| 667 |
|
|
block Reserved for Linux/AP+
|
| 668 |
|
|
|
| 669 |
|
|
39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
|
| 670 |
|
|
|
| 671 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
|
| 672 |
|
|
...
|
| 673 |
|
|
15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
|
| 674 |
|
|
16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
|
| 675 |
|
|
17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
|
| 676 |
|
|
18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
|
| 677 |
|
|
19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
|
| 678 |
|
|
32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
|
| 679 |
|
|
33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
|
| 680 |
|
|
...
|
| 681 |
|
|
47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
|
| 682 |
|
|
48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
|
| 683 |
|
|
49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
|
| 684 |
|
|
50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
|
| 685 |
|
|
51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
|
| 686 |
|
|
...
|
| 687 |
|
|
block Reserved for Linux/AP+
|
| 688 |
|
|
|
| 689 |
|
|
40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber
|
| 690 |
|
|
|
| 691 |
|
|
block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
|
| 692 |
|
|
|
| 693 |
|
|
|
| 694 |
|
|
Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
|
| 695 |
|
|
(see major number 3).
|
| 696 |
|
|
|
| 697 |
|
|
41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
|
| 698 |
|
|
|
| 699 |
|
|
block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
|
| 700 |
|
|
|
| 701 |
|
|
|
| 702 |
|
|
42 Demo/sample use
|
| 703 |
|
|
|
| 704 |
|
|
This number is intended for use in sample code, as
|
| 705 |
|
|
well as a general "example" device number. It
|
| 706 |
|
|
should never be used for a device driver that is being
|
| 707 |
|
|
distributed; either obtain an official number or use
|
| 708 |
|
|
the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
|
| 709 |
|
|
removal of a driver with this number should not cause
|
| 710 |
|
|
ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
|
| 711 |
|
|
|
| 712 |
|
|
43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
|
| 713 |
|
|
|
| 714 |
|
|
...
|
| 715 |
|
|
63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
|
| 716 |
|
|
|
| 717 |
|
|
44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
|
| 718 |
|
|
|
| 719 |
|
|
...
|
| 720 |
|
|
63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device corresponding to ttyI63
|
| 721 |
|
|
|
| 722 |
|
|
45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
|
| 723 |
|
|
|
| 724 |
|
|
...
|
| 725 |
|
|
63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
|
| 726 |
|
|
64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
|
| 727 |
|
|
...
|
| 728 |
|
|
127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
|
| 729 |
|
|
|
| 730 |
|
|
128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
|
| 731 |
|
|
...
|
| 732 |
|
|
191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
|
| 733 |
|
|
|
| 734 |
|
|
255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
|
| 735 |
|
|
|
| 736 |
|
|
46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
|
| 737 |
|
|
|
| 738 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
|
| 739 |
|
|
...
|
| 740 |
|
|
|
| 741 |
|
|
47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
|
| 742 |
|
|
|
| 743 |
|
|
1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device corresponding to ttyR1
|
| 744 |
|
|
...
|
| 745 |
|
|
|
| 746 |
|
|
48 char SDL RISCom serial card
|
| 747 |
|
|
|
| 748 |
|
|
1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
|
| 749 |
|
|
...
|
| 750 |
|
|
|
| 751 |
|
|
49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
|
| 752 |
|
|
|
| 753 |
|
|
1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device corresponding to ttyL1
|
| 754 |
|
|
...
|
| 755 |
|
|
|
| 756 |
|
|
50 char Reserved for GLINT
|
| 757 |
|
|
|
| 758 |
|
|
51 char Baycom radio modem
|
| 759 |
|
|
|
| 760 |
|
|
1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
|
| 761 |
|
|
...
|
| 762 |
|
|
|
| 763 |
|
|
52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
|
| 764 |
|
|
|
| 765 |
|
|
1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
|
| 766 |
|
|
2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
|
| 767 |
|
|
3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
|
| 768 |
|
|
|
| 769 |
|
|
53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
|
| 770 |
|
|
|
| 771 |
|
|
1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
|
| 772 |
|
|
2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
|
| 773 |
|
|
4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
|
| 774 |
|
|
5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
|
| 775 |
|
|
6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
|
| 776 |
|
|
|
| 777 |
|
|
This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
|
| 778 |
|
|
microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
|
| 779 |
|
|
Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
|
| 780 |
|
|
Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
|
| 781 |
|
|
by P&E.
|
| 782 |
|
|
|
| 783 |
|
|
54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
|
| 784 |
|
|
|
| 785 |
|
|
1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
|
| 786 |
|
|
2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
|
| 787 |
|
|
|
| 788 |
|
|
A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
|
| 789 |
|
|
to transfer data from Holter
|
| 790 |
|
|
24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
|
| 791 |
|
|
|
| 792 |
|
|
55-59 UNALLOCATED
|
| 793 |
|
|
|
| 794 |
|
|
60-63 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
|
| 795 |
|
|
Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
|
| 796 |
|
|
assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
|
| 797 |
|
|
used, in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
|
| 798 |
|
|
|
| 799 |
|
|
64-119 UNALLOCATED
|
| 800 |
|
|
|
| 801 |
|
|
120-127 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
|
| 802 |
|
|
|
| 803 |
|
|
128-239 UNALLOCATED
|
| 804 |
|
|
|
| 805 |
|
|
240-254 LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
|
| 806 |
|
|
|
| 807 |
|
|
255 RESERVED
|
| 808 |
|
|
|
| 809 |
|
|
|
| 810 |
|
|
|
| 811 |
|
|
|
| 812 |
|
|
ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
|
| 813 |
|
|
|
| 814 |
|
|
This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
|
| 815 |
|
|
the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
|
| 816 |
|
|
form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
|
| 817 |
|
|
classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
|
| 818 |
|
|
link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
|
| 819 |
|
|
|
| 820 |
|
|
|
| 821 |
|
|
Compulsory links
|
| 822 |
|
|
|
| 823 |
|
|
These links should exist on all systems:
|
| 824 |
|
|
|
| 825 |
|
|
/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
|
| 826 |
|
|
/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
|
| 827 |
|
|
/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
|
| 828 |
|
|
/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
|
| 829 |
|
|
/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
|
| 830 |
|
|
/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
|
| 831 |
|
|
|
| 832 |
|
|
Note: the last device is --.
|
| 833 |
|
|
|
| 834 |
|
|
Recommended links
|
| 835 |
|
|
|
| 836 |
|
|
It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
|
| 837 |
|
|
|
| 838 |
|
|
/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
|
| 839 |
|
|
/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
|
| 840 |
|
|
/dev/ftape rft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
|
| 841 |
|
|
/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
|
| 842 |
|
|
|
| 843 |
|
|
|
| 844 |
|
|
Locally defined links
|
| 845 |
|
|
|
| 846 |
|
|
The following links may be established locally to conform to the
|
| 847 |
|
|
configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
|
| 848 |
|
|
practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
|
| 849 |
|
|
exist, they should have the following uses.
|
| 850 |
|
|
|
| 851 |
|
|
/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
|
| 852 |
|
|
/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
|
| 853 |
|
|
/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
|
| 854 |
|
|
/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
|
| 855 |
|
|
/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
|
| 856 |
|
|
/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
|
| 857 |
|
|
/dev/root root device symbolic Current root file system
|
| 858 |
|
|
/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
|
| 859 |
|
|
|
| 860 |
|
|
/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
|
| 861 |
|
|
well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
|
| 862 |
|
|
exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate dialout (alternate)
|
| 863 |
|
|
device.
|
| 864 |
|
|
|
| 865 |
|
|
For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
|
| 866 |
|
|
``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
|
| 867 |
|
|
/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
|
| 868 |
|
|
SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
|
| 869 |
|
|
|
| 870 |
|
|
/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
|
| 871 |
|
|
device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
|
| 872 |
|
|
|
| 873 |
|
|
Sockets and pipes
|
| 874 |
|
|
|
| 875 |
|
|
Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
|
| 876 |
|
|
|
| 877 |
|
|
/dev/printer socket lpd local socket
|
| 878 |
|
|
/dev/log socket syslog local socket
|
| 879 |
|
|
/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
|
