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This is ../../doc/or1ksim.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.11 from
../../doc/or1ksim.texi.
 
INFO-DIR-SECTION Embedded development
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Or1ksim: (or32-uclinux-or1ksim).      The OpenRISC 1000 Architectural
                                        Simulator
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
 
This file documents the OpenRISC Architectural Simulator, Or1ksim.
 
Copyright (C) 2008 Embecosm Limited.
 
     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
     document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
     Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software
     Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts,
     and with no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included
     in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Top,  Next: Installation,  Up: (dir)
 
Scope of this Document
**********************
 
This document is the user guide for Or1ksim, the OpenRISC 1000
Architectural Simulator.
 
* Menu:
 
* Installation::
* Usage::
* Configuration::
* Interactive Command Line::
* Verification API::
 
* Code Internals::
 
* GNU Free Documentation License::  The license for this documentation
* Index::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Installation,  Next: Usage,  Prev: Top,  Up: Top
 
1 Installation
**************
 
Installation follows standard GNU protocols. Unpack the software and
create a _separate_ directory in which to build it:
 
     tar jxf or1ksim-0.3.0rc1.tar.bz2
     mkdir builddir_or1ksim
     cd builddir_or1ksim
 
Configure the software. The only critical argument is `--target', which
must specify the OpenRISC 1000 architecture.
 
     ../or1ksim-0.3.0rc1/configure --target=or32-uclinux ...
 
See `configure --help' for other options. The most useful is `--prefix'
to specify a directory for installation of the tools.
 
A number of features in the simulator do require enabling at
configuration. These include
 
`--enable-ethphy'
     Allow the Ethernet to be simulated by connecting via a socket (the
     alternative reads and writes, from and to files). This must then be
     configured using the relevant fields in the `ethernet' section of
     the configuration file. *Note Ethernet Configuration: Ethernet
     Configuration.
 
 
The tool is then built with:
 
     make all
     make install
 
This will install the three variations of the Or1ksim tool,
`or32-uclinux-sim', `or32-uclinux-psim' and `or32-uclinux-mpsim', the
Or1ksim library, `libsim', the header file, `or1ksim.h' and this
documentation in `info' format.
 
     Note: Testing Or1ksim with `make check' is not yet supported.
 
The documentation may be created and installed in alternative formats
(PDF, Postscript, DVI, HTML) with for example:
 
     make pdf
     make install-pdf
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Usage,  Next: Configuration,  Prev: Installation,  Up: Top
 
2 Usage
*******
 
* Menu:
 
* Standalone Simulator::
* Profiling Utility::
* Memory Profiling Utility::
* Simulator Library::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Standalone Simulator,  Next: Profiling Utility,  Up: Usage
 
2.1 Standalone Simulator
========================
 
The general form the standalone command is:
 
     or32-uclinux-sim [-vhi] [-f FILE] [--nosrv] [--srv=[N]] [-d STR]
                      [--enable-profile] [--enable-mprofile] [FILE]
 
Many of the options have both a short and a long form. For example `-h'
or `--help'.
 
`-v'
`--version'
     Print out the version and copyright notice for Or1ksim and exit.
 
`-h'
`--help'
     Print out help about the command line options and what they mean.
 
`-f FILE'
`--file FILE'
     Read configuration commands from the specified file, looking first
     in the current directory, and otherwise in the `$HOME/.or1k'
     directory. If this argument is not specified, the file `sim.cfg'
     in those two locations is used. Failure to find the file is a fatal
     error. *Note Configuration: Configuration, for detailed information
     on configuring Or1ksim.
 
`--nosrv'
     Do not start up the debug server. This overrides any setting
     specified in the configuration file. This option may not be
     specified with `--srv'. If it is, a rude message is printed and the
     `--nosrv' option is ignored.
 
`--srv'
 
`--srv=N'
     Start up the debug server. If the parameter, N, is specified, use
     that as the TCP/IP port for the server, otherwise a random value
     from the private port range (41920-65535) will be used. This option
     may not be specified with `--nosrv'. If it is, a rude message is
     printed and the `--nosrv' option is ignored.
 
`-d=CONFIG_STRING'
`--debug-config=CONFIG_STRING'
     Enable selected debug messages in Or1ksim. This parameter is for
     use by developers only, and is not covered further here. See the
     source code for more details.
 
`-i'
`--interactive'
     After starting, drop into the Or1ksim interactive command shell.
 
`--enable-profile'
     Enable instruction profiling.
 
`--enable-mprofile'
     Enable memory profiling.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Profiling Utility,  Next: Memory Profiling Utility,  Prev: Standalone Simulator,  Up: Usage
 
2.2 Profiling Utility
=====================
 
This utility analyses instruction profile data generated by Or1ksim. It
may be invoked as a standalone command, or from the Or1ksim CLI. The
general form the standalone command is:
 
     or32-uclinux-profile [-vhcq] [-g=FILE]
 
Many of the options have both a short and a long form. For example `-h'
or `--help'.
 
`-v'
`--version'
     Print out the version and copyright notice for the Or1ksim
     profiling utility and exit.
 
`-h'
`--help'
     Print out help about the command line options and what they mean.
 
`-c'
`--cumulative'
     Show cumulative sum of cycles in functions
 
`-q'
`--quiet'
     Suppress messages
 
`-g=FILE'
`--generate=FILE'
     The data file to analyse. If omitted, the default file,
     `sim.profile' is used.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Memory Profiling Utility,  Next: Simulator Library,  Prev: Profiling Utility,  Up: Usage
 
2.3 Memory Profiling Utility
============================
 
This utility analyses memory profile data generated by Or1ksim. It may
be invoked as a standalone command, or from the Or1ksim CLI. The
general form the standalone command is:
 
     or32-uclinux-mprofile  [-vh] [-m=M] [-g=N] [-f=FILE] FROM TO
 
Many of the options have both a short and a long form. For example `-h'
or `--help'.
 
`-v'
`--version'
     Print out the version and copyright notice for the Or1ksim memory
     profiling utility and exit.
 
`-h'
`--help'
     Print out help about the command line options and what they mean.
 
`-m=M'
`--mode=M'
     Specify the mode out output. Permitted options are
 
    `detailed'
    `d'
          Detailed output. This is the default if no mode is specified.
 
    `pretty'
    `p'
          Pretty printed output.
 
    `access'
    `a'
          Memory accesses only.
 
    `width'
    `w'
          Access width only.
 
 
`-g=N'
`--group=N'
     Group 2^n bits of successive addresses together.
 
`-f=FILE'
`--filename=FILE'
     The data file to analyse. If not specified, the default,
     `sim.profile' is used.
 
`FROM'
`TO'
     FROM and TO are respectively the start and end address of the
     region of memory to be analysed.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Simulator Library,  Prev: Memory Profiling Utility,  Up: Usage
 
2.4 Simulator Library
=====================
 
Or1ksim may be used as a static of dynamic library, `libsim.a' or
`libsim.so'. When compiling with the static library, the flag, `-lsim'
should be added to the link command.
 
The header file `or1ksim.h' contains appropriate declarations of the
functions exported by the Or1ksim library. These are:
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': int or1ksim_init (const char *CONFIG_FILE, const char
          *IMAGE_FILE, void *CLASS_PTR, unsigned long int (*UPR)(void
          *CLASS_PTR, unsigned long int ADDR, unsigned long int MASK),
          void (*UPW)(void *CLASS_PTR, unsigned long int ADDR, unsigned
          long int MASK, unsigned long int WDATA))
     The initialization function is supplied with the name of a
     configuration file, CONFIG_FILE, an executable image, IMAGE_FILE,
     a pointer to the calling class, CLASS_PTR (since the library may
     be used from C++) and two up-call functions, one for reads, UPR,
     and one for writes, UPW.
 
     *Note Configuration: Configuration, for detailed information on
     configuring Or1ksim and the format of the configuration file.
 
     UPW is called for any write to an address external to the model
     (determined by a `generic' section in the configuration file). UPR
     is called for any reads to an external address. The CLASS_PTR is
     passed back with these upcalls, allowing the function to associate
     the call with the class which originally initialized the library.
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': int or1ksim_run (double DURATION)
     Run the simulator for the simulated duration specified (in
     seconds).
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': void or1ksim_reset_duration (double DURATION)
     Change the duration of a run specified in an earlier call to
     `or1ksim_run'. Typically this is called from an upcall, which
     realizes it needs to change the duration of the run specified in
     the call to `or1ksim_run' that has been interrupted by the upcall.
 
     The time specified is the amount of time that the run must continue
     for (i.e the duration from _now_, not the duration from the
     original call to `or1ksim_run').
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': void or1ksim_set_time_point ()
     Set a timing point. For use with `or1ksim_get_time_period'.
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': double or1ksim_get_time_period ()
     Return the simulated time (in seconds) that has elapsed since the
     last call to `or1ksim_set_time_point'.
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': int or1ksim_is_le ()
     Return 1 (logical true) if the Or1ksim simulation is
     little-endian, 0 otherwise.
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': unsigned long int or1ksim_clock_rate ()
     Return the Or1ksim clock rate (in Hz). This is the value specified
     in the configuration file.
 
 
 -- `or1ksim.h': void or1ksim_interrupt (int I)
     Generate an interrupt on interrupt line I.
 
 
The libraries will be installed in the `lib' sub-directory of the main
installation directory (as specified with the `--prefix' option to the
`configure' script).
 
For example if the main installation directory is `/opt/or1ksim', the
library will be found in the `/opt/or1ksim/lib' directory. It is
available as both a static library (`libsim.a') and a shared object
(`libsim.so').
 
To link against the library add the `-lsim' flag when linking and do
one of the following:
 
   * Add the library directory to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment
     variable during execution. For example:
 
          export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/or1ksim/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 
   * Add the library directory to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment
     variable during linking. For example:
 
          export LD_RUN_PATH=/opt/or1ksim/lib:$LD_RUN_PATH
 
   * Use the linker `--rpath' option and specify the library directory
     when linking your program. For example
 
          gcc ... -Wl,--rpath -Wl,/opt/or1ksim/lib ...
 
   * Add the library directory to `/etc/ld.so.conf'
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Configuration,  Next: Interactive Command Line,  Prev: Usage,  Up: Top
 
3 Configuration
***************
 
Or1ksim is configured through a configuration file. This is specified
through the `-f' parameter to the Or1ksim command, or passed as a
string when initializing the Or1ksim library. If no file is specified,
the default `sim.cfg' is used. The file is looked for first in the
current directory, then in the `$HOME/.or1k' directory of the user.
 
* Menu:
 
* Configuration File Format::
* Simulator Configuration::
* Core OpenRISC Configuration::
* Peripheral Configuration::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Configuration File Format,  Next: Simulator Configuration,  Up: Configuration
 
3.1 Configuration File Format
=============================
 
The configuration file is a plain text file.
 
* Menu:
 
* Configuration File Preprocessing::
* Configuration File Syntax::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Configuration File Preprocessing,  Next: Configuration File Syntax,  Up: Configuration File Format
 
3.1.1 Configuration File Preprocessing
--------------------------------------
 
The configuration file may include C style comments (i.e. delimited by
`/*' and `*/').
 
Configure files may be included, using
 
     include FILENAME_TO_INCLUDE
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Configuration File Syntax,  Prev: Configuration File Preprocessing,  Up: Configuration File Format
 
3.1.2 Configuration File Syntax
-------------------------------
 
The configuration file is divided into a series of sections, with the
general form:
 
     section SECTION_NAME
 
       ...
 
     end
 
Sections may also have sub-sections within them (currently only the
ATA/ATAPI disc interface uses this).
 
Within a section, or sub-section are a series of parameter assignments,
one per line, withe the general form
 
       PARAMETER = VALUE
 
Depending on the parameter, the value may be a named value (an
enumeration), an integer (specified in any format acceptable in C) or a
string in doubple quotes. For flag parameters, the value 1 is used to
mean "true" or "on" and the value "0" to mean "false" or "off". An
example from a memory section shows each of these
 
     section memory
       type    = random
       pattern = 0x00
       name    = "FLASH"
       ...
     end
 
Many parameters are optional and take reasonable default values if not
specified. However there are some parameters (for example the `ce'
parameter in `section memory') _must_ be specified.
 
Subsections are introduced by a keyword, with a parameter value (no `='
sign), and end with the same keyword prefixed by `end'. Thus the
ATA/ATAPI inteface (`section ata') has a `device' subsection, thus:
 
     section ata
       ...
       device 0
         type    = 1
         file = "FILENAME"
         ...
       enddevice
       ...
     end
 
Some sections (for example `section sim') should appear only once.
Others (for example `section memory' may appear multiple times.
 
Sections may be omitted, _unless they contain parameters which are
non-optional_. If the section describes a part of the simulator which
is optional (for example whether it has a UART), then that
functionality will not be provided. If the section describes a part of
the simulator which is not optional (for example the CPU), then all the
parameters of that section will take their default values.
 
All optional parts of the functionality are always described by
sections including a `enabled' parameter, which can be set to 0 to
ensure that functionality is explicitly omitted.
 
Even if a section is disabled, all its parameters will be read and
stored. This is helpful if the section is subsequently enabled from the
Or1ksim command line (*note Interactive Command Line: Interactive
Command Line.).
 
     Tip: It generally clearer to have sections describing _all_
     components, with omitted functionality explicitly indicated by
     setting the `enabled' parameter to 0
 
The following sections describe the various configuration sections and
the parameters which may be set in each.
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Simulator Configuration,  Next: Core OpenRISC Configuration,  Prev: Configuration File Format,  Up: Configuration
 
3.2 Simulator Configuration
===========================
 
* Menu:
 
* Simulator Behavior::
* Verification API Configuration::
* CUC Configuration::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Simulator Behavior,  Next: Verification API Configuration,  Up: Simulator Configuration
 
3.2.1 Simulator Behavior
------------------------
 
Simulator behavior is described in `section sim'. This section should
appear only once. The following parameters may be specified.
 
`verbose = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), print extra messages. Default 0.
 
`debug = 0-9'
 
     higher the value the greater the number of messages. Default 0.
     Negative values will be treated as 0 (with a warning). Values that
     are too large will be treated as 9 (with a warning).
 
`profile = 0|1'
     If 1 (true) generate a profiling file using the file specified in
     the `prof_file' parameter or otherwise `sim.profile'. Default 0.
 
`prof_file = ``FILENAME'''
     Specifies the file to be used with the `profile' parameter. Default
     `sim.profile'. For backwards compatibility, the alternative name
     `prof_fn' is supported for this parameter, but deprecated.
 
`mprofile = 0|1'
     If 1 (true) generate a memory profiling file using the file
     specified in the `mprof_file' parameter or otherwise
     `sim.mprofile'. Default 0.
 
`mprof_fn = ``FILENAME'''
     Specifies the file to be used with the `mprofile' parameter.
     Default `sim.mprofile'. For backwards compatibility, the
     alternative name `mprof_fn' is supported for this parameter, but
     deprecated.
 
`history = 0|1'
     If 1 (true) track execution flow. Default 0.
 
          Note: Setting this parameter seriously degrades performance.
 
          Note: If this execution flow tracking is enabled, then
          `dependstats' must be enabled in the CPU configuration
          section (*note CPU Configuration: CPU Configuration.).
 
`exe_log = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), generate an execution log. Log is written to the file
     specified in parameter `exe_log_file'. Default 0.
 
          Note: Setting this parameter seriously degrades performance.
 
`exe_log_type = default|hardware|simple|software'
     Type of execution log to produce.
 
    `default'
          Produce default output for the execution log. In the current
          implementation this is the equivalent of `hardware'.
 
    `hardware'
          After each instruction execution, log the number of
          instructions executed so far, the next instruction to execute
          (in hex), the general purpose registers (GPRs), status
          register, exception program counter, exception, effective
          address register and exception status register.
 
    `simple'
          After each instruction execution, log the number of
          instructions executed so far and the next instruction to
          execute, symbolically disassembled.
 
    `software'
          After each instruction execution, log the number of
          instructions executed so far and the next instruction to
          execute, symbolically disassembled. Also show the value of
          each operand to the instruction.
 
 
     Default value `hardware'. Any unrecognized keyword (case
     insensitive) will be treated as the default with a warning.
 
          Note: Execution logs can be _very_ big.
 
`exe_log_start = VALUE'
     Address of the first instruction to start logging. Default 0.
 
`exe_log_end = VALUE'
     Address of the last instruction to log. Default no limit (i.e once
     started logging will continue until the simulator exits).
 
`exe_log_marker = VALUE'
     Specifies the number of instructions between printing horizontal
     markers. Default is to produce no markers.
 
`exe_log_file = FILENAME'
     Filename for the execution log filename if `exe_log' is enabled.
     Default `executed.log'. For backwards compatibility, the
     alternative name `exe_log_fn' is supported for this parameter, but
     deprecated.
 
`clkcycle = VALUE[ps|ns|us|ms]'
     Specify the time taken by one clock cycle. If no units are
     specified, `ps' is assumed. Default 4000ps (250MHz).
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Verification API Configuration,  Next: CUC Configuration,  Prev: Simulator Behavior,  Up: Simulator Configuration
 
3.2.2 Verification API (VAPI) Configuration
-------------------------------------------
 
The Verification API (VAPI) provides a TCP/IP interface to allow
components of the simulation to be controlled externally. *Note
Verification API: Verification API, for more details.
 
Verification API configuration is described in `section vapi'. This
section may appear at most once. The following parameters may be
specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), verification API is enabled and its server started.
     If 0 (the default), it is disabled.
 
`server_port = VALUE'
     When VAPI is enabled, communication will be via TCP/IP on the port
     specified by VALUE. The value must lie in the range 1 to 65535.
     The default value is 50000.
 
          Tip: There is no registered port for Or1ksim VAPI. Good
          practice suggests users should adopt port values in the
          "Dynamic" or "Private" port range, i.e. 49152-65535.
 
`log_enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), all VAPI requests and sent commands will be logged.
     If 0 (the default), logging is diabled. Logs are written to the
     file specified by the `vapi_log_file' field (see below).
 
          Caution: This can generate a substantial amount of file I/O
          and seriously degrade simulator performance.
 
`hide_device_id = 0|1'
     If 1 (true) don't log the device ID. If 0 (the default), log the
     device ID. This feature (when set to 1) is provided for backwards
     compatibility with an old version of VAPI.
 
`vapi_log_file = "FILENAME"'
     Use `filename' as the file for logged data is logging is enabled
     (see `log_enabled' above). The default is `"vapi.log"'. For
     backwards compatibility, the alternative name `vapi_log_fn' is
     supported for this parameter, but deprecated.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: CUC Configuration,  Prev: Verification API Configuration,  Up: Simulator Configuration
 
3.2.3 Custom Unit Compiler (CUC) Configuration
----------------------------------------------
 
The Custom Unit Compiler (CUC) was a project by Marko Mlinar to generate
Verilog from ANSI C functions. The project seems to not have progressed
beyond the initial prototype phase. The configuration parameters are
described here for the record.
 
CUC configuration is described in `section cuc'. This section may
appear at most once. The following parameters may be specified.
 
`memory_order = none|weak|strong|exact'
     This parameter specifies the memory ordering required:
 
    `memory_order=none'
          Different memory ordering, even if there are dependencies.
          Bursts can be made, width can change.
 
          Different memory ordering, even if there are dependencies. If
          dependencies cannot occur, then bursts can be made, width can
          change.
 
          Same memory ordering. Bursts can be made, width can change.
 
          Exactly the same memory ordering and widths.
 
 
     The default value is `memory_order=exact'. Invalid memory
     orderings are ignored with a warning.
 
`calling_convention = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), programs follow OpenRISC calling conventions. If 0
     (the default), they may use other convenitions.
 
`enable_bursts = 0 | 1'
     If 1 (true), bursts are detected. If 0 (the default), bursts are
     not detected.
 
`no_multicycle = 0 | 1'
     If 1 (true), no multicycle logic paths will be generated. If 0 (the
     default), multicycle logic paths will be generated.
 
`timings_file = "FILENAME"'
     FILENAME specifies a file containing timing information. The
     default value is `"virtex.tim"'. For backwards compatibility, the
     alternative name `timings_fn' is supported for this parameter, but
     deprecated.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Core OpenRISC Configuration,  Next: Peripheral Configuration,  Prev: Simulator Configuration,  Up: Configuration
 
3.3 Configuring the OpenRISC Architectural Components
=====================================================
 
* Menu:
 
* CPU Configuration::
* Memory Configuration::
* Memory Management Configuration::
* Cache Configuration::
* Interrupt Configuration::
* Power Management Configuration::
* Branch Prediction Configuration::
* Debug Interface Configuration::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: CPU Configuration,  Next: Memory Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.1 CPU Configuration
-----------------------
 
CPU configuration is described in `section cpu'. This section should
appear only once. At present Or1ksim does not model multi-CPU systems.
The following parameters may be specified.
 
`ver = VALUE'
 
`cfg = VALUE'
 
`rev = VALUE'
     The values are used to form the corresponding fields in the `VR'
     Special Purpose Register (SPR 0). Default values 0. A warning is
     given and the value truncated if it is too large (8 bits for `ver'
     and `cfg', 6 bits for `rev').
 
`upr = VALUE'
     Used as the value of the Unit Present Register (UPR) Special
     Purpose Register (SPR 1) to VALUE. Default value is 0x0000075f,
     i.e.
        * UPR present (0x00000001)
 
        * Data cache present (0x00000002)
 
        * Instruction cache present (0x00000004)
 
        * Data MMY present (0x00000008)
 
        * Instruction MMU present (0x00000010)
 
        * Debug unit present (0x00000040)
 
        * Power management unit present (0x00000100)
 
        * Programmable interrupt controller present (0x00000200)
 
        * Tick timer present (0x00000400)
 
     However, with the exection of the UPR present (0x00000001) and tick
     timer present, the various fields will be modified with the values
     specified in their corresponding configuration sections.
 
`cfgr = VALUE'
     Sets the CPU configuration register (Special Purpose Register 2) to
     VALUE. Default value is 0x00000020, i.e. support for the ORBIS32
     instruction set. Attempts to set any other value are accepted, but
     issue a warning that there is no support for the instruction set.
 
`sr = VALUE'
     Sets the supervision register Special Purpose Register (SPR 0x11)
     to VALUE. Default value is 0x00008001, i.e. start in supervision
     mode (0x00000001) and set the "Fixed One" bit (0x00008000).
 
`superscalar = 0|1'
     If 1, the processor operates in superscalar mode. Default value is
     0.
 
     In the current simulator, the only functional effect of superscalar
     mode is to affect the calculation of the number of cycles taken to
     execute an instruction.
 
          Caution: The code for this does not appear to be complete or
          well tested, so users are advised not to use this option.
 
`hazards = 0|1'
     If 1, data hazards are tracked in a superscalar CPU. Default value
     is 0.
 
     In the current simulator, the only functional effect is to cause
     logging of hazard waiting information if the CPU is superscalar.
     However nowhere in the simulator is this data actually computed,
     so the net result is probably to have no effect.
 
     if harzards are tracked, current hazards can be displayed using the
     simulator's `r' command.
 
          Caution: The code for this does not appear to be complete or
          well tested, so users are advised not to use this option.
 
`dependstats = 0|1'
     If 1, inter-instruction dependencies are calculated. Default value
     0.
 
     If these values are calculated, the depencies can be displayed
     using the simulator's `stat' command.
 
          Note: This field must be enabled, if execution execution flow
          tracking (field `history') has been requested in the simulator
          configuration section (*note Simulator Behavior: Simulator
          Behavior.).
 
`sbuf_len = VALUE'
     The length of the store buffer is set to VALUE, which must be no
     greater than 256. Larger values will be truncated to 256 with a
     warning. Negative values will be treated as 0 with a warning. Use
 
 
     When the store buffer is active, stores are accumulated and
     committed when I/O is idle.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Memory Configuration,  Next: Memory Management Configuration,  Prev: CPU Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.2 Memory Configuration
--------------------------
 
Memory configuration is described in `section memory'. This section may
appear multiple times, specifying multiple blocks of memory. The
following parameters may be specified.
 
`type=random|pattern|unknown|zero'
     Specifies the values to which memory should be initialized. The
     default value is `unknown'.
 
    `random'
          Set the memory values to be a random value. A seed for the
          random generator may be set using the `random_seed' field in
          this section (see below), thus ensuring the same "random"
          values are used each time.
 
    `pattern'
          Set the memory values to be a pattern value, which is set
          using the `pattern' field in this section (see below).
 
    `unknown'
          The memory values are not initialized (i.e. left "unknown").
          This option will yield faster initialization of the simulator.
 
    `zero'
          Set the memory values to be 0. This is the equivalent of
          `type=pattern' and a `pattern' value of 0, and implemented as
          such.
 
               Note: As a consequence, if the `pattern' field is
               _subsequently_ specified in this section, the value in
               that field will be used instead of zero to initialize
               the memory.
 
 
`random_seed = VALUE'
     Set the seed for the random number generator to VALUE. This only
     has any effect for memory type `random'.
 
     The default value is -1, which means the seed will be set from a
     call to the `time' function, thus ensuring different random values
     are used on each run. The simulator prints out the seed used in
     this case, allowing repeat runs to regenerate the same random
     values used in any particular run.
 
`pattern = VALUE'
     Set the pattern to be used when initializing memory to VALUE. The
     default value is 0. This only has any effect for memory type
     `pattern'. The least significant 8 bits of this value is used to
     initialize each byte. More than 8 bits can be specified, but will
     ignored with a warning.
 
          Tip: The default value, is equivalent to setting the memory
          `type' to be `zero'. If that is what is intended, then using
          `type=zero' explicitly is better than using `type=pattern'
          and not specifying a value for `pattern'.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the memory to VALUE. It should be aligned
     to a multiple of the memory size rounded up to the nearest 2^n.
     The default value is 0.
 
`size = VALUE'
     Set the size of the memory block to be VALUE bytes. This should be
     a multiple of 4 (i.e. word aligned). The default value is 1024.
 
          Note: When allocating memory, the simulator will allocate the
          nearest 2^n bytes greater than or equal to VALUE, and will not
          notice memory misses in any part of the memory between VALUE
          and the amount allocated.
 
          As a consequence users are strongly recommended to specify
          memory sizes that are an exact power of 2. If some other
          amount of memory is required, it should be specified as
          separate, contiguous blocks, each of which is a power of 2 in
          size.
 
`name = "TEXT"'
     Name the block. Typically these describe the type of memory being
     modeled (thus `"SRAM"' or `"Flash"'. The default is
     `"anonymous memory block"'.
 
          Note: It is not clear that this information is currently ever
          used in normal operation of the simulator. Even the `info'
          command of the simulator ignores it.
 
`ce = VALUE'
     Set the chip enable index of the memory instance. Each memory
     instance should have a unique chip enable index, which should be
     greater than or equal to zero. This is used by the memory
     controller when identifying different memory instances.
 
     The default value is -1 (invalid).
 
`mc = VALUE'
     Specifies the memory controller this memory is connected to. It
     should correspond to the `index' field specified in a `section mc'
     for a memory controller (*note Memory Controller Configuration:
     Memory Controller Configuration.).
 
     Default value is 0, which is also the default value of a memory
     controller `index' field. This is suitable therefore for designs
     with just one memory controller.
 
`delayr = VALUE'
     The number of cycles required for a read access. Set to -1 if the
     memory does not support reading. Default value 1. The simulator
     will add this number of cycles to the total instruction cycle
     count when reading from main memory.
 
`delayw = VALUE'
     The number of cycles required for a write access. Set to -1 if the
     memory does not support writing. Default value 1. The simulator
     will add this number of cycles to the total instruction cycle
     count when writing to main memory.
 
`log = "FILE"'
     If specified, `file' names a file for all memory accesses to be
     logged. If not specified, the default value, NULL is used, meaning
     that the memory is not logged.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Memory Management Configuration,  Next: Cache Configuration,  Prev: Memory Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.3 Memory Management Configuration
-------------------------------------
 
Memory Management Unit (MMU) configuration is described in `section
dmmu' (for the data MMU) and `section immu' (for the instruction MMU).
Each section should appear at most once. The following parameters may
be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the data or instruction (as appropriate) MMU is
     enabled. If 0 (the default), it is disabled.
 
`nsets = VALUE'
     Sets the number of data or instruction (as appropriate) TLB sets to
     VALUE, which must be a power of two, not exceeding 128. Values
     which do not fit these criteria are ignored with a warning. The
     default value is 1.
 
`nways = VALUE'
     Sets the number of data or instruction (as appropriate) TLB ways to
     VALUE. The value must be in the range 1 to 4. Values outside this
     range are ignored with a warning. The default value is 1.
 
`pagesize = VALUE'
     The data or instruction (as appropriate) MMU page size is set to
     VALUE, which must be a power of 2. Values which are not a power of
     2 are ignored with a warning. The default is 8192 (0x2000).
 
`entrysize = VALUE'
     The data or instruction (as appropriate) MMU entry size is set to
     VALUE, which must be a power of 2. Values which are not a power of
     2 are ignored with a warning. The default value is 1.
 
          Note: Or1ksim does not appear to use the `entrysize' parameter
          in its simulation of the MMUs. Thus setting this value does
          not seem to matter.
 
`ustates = VALUE'
     The number of instruction usage states for the data or instruction
     (as appropriate) MMU is set to VALUE, which must be 2, 3 or 4.
     Values outside this range are ignored with a warning. The default
     value is 2.
 
          Note: Or1ksim does not appear to use the `ustates' parameter
          in its simulation of the MMUs. Thus setting this value does
          not seem to matter.
 
`hitdelay = VALUE'
     Set the number of cycles a data or instruction (as appropriate) MMU
     hit costs. Default value 1.
 
`missdelay = VALUE'
     Set the number of cycles a data or instruction (as appropriate) MMU
     miss costs. Default value 1.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Cache Configuration,  Next: Interrupt Configuration,  Prev: Memory Management Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.4 Cache Configuration
-------------------------
 
Cache configuration is described in `section dc' (for the data cache)
and `seciton ic' (for the instruction cache). Each section should
appear at most once. The following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the data or instruction (as appropriate) cache is
     enabled. If 0 (the default), it is disabled.
 
`nsets = VALUE'
     Sets the number of data or instruction (as appropriate) cache sets
     to VALUE, which must be a power of two, not exceeding
     `MAX_DC_SETS' (for the data cache) or `MAX_IC_SETS' (for the
     instruction cache). At the time of writing, these constants are
     both defined in the code to be 1024). The default value is 1.
 
`nways = VALUE'
     Sets the number of data or instruction (as appropriate) cache ways
     to VALUE, which must be a power of two, not exceeding
     `MAX_DC_WAYS' (for the data cache) or `MAX_IC_WAYS' (for the
     instruction cache). At the time of writing, these constants are
     both defined in the code to be 32). The default value is 1.
 
`blocksize = VALUE'
     The data or instruction (as appropriate) cache block size is set to
     VALUE bytes, which must be either 16 or 32. The default is 16.
 
`ustates = VALUE'
     The number of instruction usage states for the data or instruction
     (as appropriate) cache is set to VALUE, which must be 2, 3 or 4.
     The default value is 2.
 
`hitdelay = VALUE'
     _Instruction cache only_. Set the number of cycles an instruction
     cache hit costs. Default value 1.
 
`missdelay = VALUE'
     _Instruction cache only_. Set the number of cycles an instruction
     cache miss costs. Default value 1.
 
`load_hitdelay = VALUE'
     _Data cache only_. Set the number of cycles a data load cache hit
     costs. Default value 2.
 
`load_missdelay = VALUE'
     _Data cache only_. Set the number of cycles a data load cache miss
     costs. Default value 2.
 
`store_hitdelay = VALUE'
     _Data cache only_. Set the number of cycles a data store cache hit
     costs. Default value 0.
 
`store_missdelay = VALUE'
     _Data cache only_. Set the number of cycles a data store cache
     miss costs. Default value 0.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Interrupt Configuration,  Next: Power Management Configuration,  Prev: Cache Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.5 Interrupt Configuration
-----------------------------
 
Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) configuration is described in
`section pic'. This section may appear at most once--Or1ksim has no
mechanism for handling multiple interrupt controllers. The following
parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the programmable interrupt controller is enabled. If 0
     (the default), it is disabled.
 
`edge_trigger = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), the programmable interrupt controller is
     edge triggered. If 0 (false), it is level triggered.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Power Management Configuration,  Next: Branch Prediction Configuration,  Prev: Interrupt Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.6 Power Management Configuration
------------------------------------
 
Power management implementation is incomplete. At present the effect
(which only happens when the power management unit is enabled) of
setting the different bits in the power management Special Purpose
Register (PMR, SPR 0x4000) is
 
`SDF (bit mask 0x0000000f)'
     No effect - these bits are ignored
 
`DME (bit mask 0x00000010)'
`SME (bit mask 0x00000020)'
     Both these bits cause the processor to stop executing
     instructions. However all other functions (debug interaction, CLI,
     VAPI etc) carry on as normal.
 
`DCGE (bit mask 0x00000004)'
     No effect - this bit is ignored
 
`SUME (bit mask 0x00000008)'
     Enabling this bit causes a message to be printed, advising that the
     processor is suspending and the simulator exits.
 
 
On reset all bits are cleared.
 
Power management configuration is described in `section pm'. This
section may appear at most once. The following parameter may be
specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), power management is enabled. If 0 (the default), it is
     disabled.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Branch Prediction Configuration,  Next: Debug Interface Configuration,  Prev: Power Management Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.7 Branch Prediction Configuration
-------------------------------------
 
From examining the code base, it seems the branch prediction function
is not fully implemented. At present the functionality seems restricted
to collection of statistics.
 
Branch prediction configuration is described in `section bpb'. This
section may appear at most once. The following parameters may be
specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), branch prediction is enabled. If 0 (the default), it
     is disabled.
 
`btic = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the branch target instruction cache model is enabled.
     If 0 (the default), it is disabled.
 
`sbp_bf_fwd = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), use forward prediction for the `l.bf' instruction. If
 
     instruction.
 
`sbp_bnf_fwd = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), use forward prediction for the `l.bnf' instruction. If
 
     instruction.
 
`hitdelay = VALUE'
     Set the number of cycles a branch prediction hit costs. Default
     value 0.
 
`missdelay = VALUE'
     Set the number of cycles a branch prediction miss costs. Default
     value 0.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Debug Interface Configuration,  Prev: Branch Prediction Configuration,  Up: Core OpenRISC Configuration
 
3.3.8 Debug Interface Configuration
-----------------------------------
 
The debug unit and debug interface configuration is described in
`section debug'. This section may appear at most once. The following
parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the debug unit is enabled. If 0 (the default), it is
     disabled.
 
          Note: This enables the functionality of the debug unit (its
          registers etc) within the mode. It does not provide any
          external interface to the debug unit. For that, see
          `gdb_enabled' below.
 
`gdb_enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the OpenRISC Remote JTAG protocol server is started,
     provding an interface to an external GNU debugger, using the port
     specified in the `server_port' field (see below), or the `or1ksim'
     TCP/IP service. If 0 (the default), the server is not started, and
     no external interface is provided.
 
     For more detailed information on the interface to the GNU Debugger
     see Embecosm Application Note 2, `Howto: Porting the GNU Debugger
     Practical Experience with the OpenRISC 1000 Architecture', by
     Jeremy Bennett, published by Embecosm Limited (`www.embecosm.com').
 
          Note: The OpenRISC Remote JTAG protocol is unique to
          OpenRISC, and is hard to justify maintaining long term. In
          the future it will be replaced by an interface to the
          standard GDB "Remote Serial Protocol", providing access to a
          wider range of GDB functionality and easier ongoing
          maintenance.
 
`server_port = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the port to be used for the interface to the GNU
     Debugger (GDB). Default value 51000. If the value 0 is specified,
     Or1ksim will instead look for a TCP/IP service named `or1ksim'.
 
          Tip: There is no registered port for Or1ksim Remote JTAG
          Interface or service `or1ksim'. Good practice suggests users
          should adopt port values in the "Dynamic" or "Private" port
          range, i.e. 49152-65535.
 
`vapi_id = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the value of the Verification API (VAPI) base
     address to be used with the debug unit. *Note Verification API:
     Verification API, for more details.
 
     If this is specified and VALUE is non-zero, all OpenRISC Remote
     JTAG protocol transactions will be logged to the VAPI log file, if
     enabled. This is the only functionality associated with VAPI for
     the debug unit. No VAPI commands are sent, nor requests handled.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Peripheral Configuration,  Prev: Core OpenRISC Configuration,  Up: Configuration
 
3.4 Configuring Memory Mapped Peripherals
=========================================
 
All peripheral components are optional. If they are specified, then
(unlike other components) by default they are enabled.
 
* Menu:
 
* Memory Controller Configuration::
* UART Configuration::
* DMA Configuration::
* Ethernet Configuration::
* GPIO Configuration::
* Display Interface Configuration::
* Frame Buffer Configuration::
* Keyboard Configuration::
* Disc Interface Configuration::
* Generic Peripheral Configuration::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Memory Controller Configuration,  Next: UART Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.1 Memory Controller Configuration
-------------------------------------
 
The memory controller used in Or1ksim is the component implemented at
OpenCores, and found in the top level CVS directory, `mem_ctrl'. It is
described in the document `Memory Controller IP Core' by Rudolf
Usselmann, which can be found in the `doc' subdirectory. It is a memory
mapped component, which resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
 
The memory controller configuration is described in `section mc'. This
section may appear multiple times, specifying multiple memory
controllers. The following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this memory controller is enabled. If 0,
     it is disabled.
 
          Note: The memory controller can effectively also be disabled
          by setting an appropriate power on control register value
          (see below). However this should only be used if it is
          desired to specifically model this behavior of the memory
          controller, not as a way of disabling the memory controller
          in general.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the memory controller's memory mapped
     registers to VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a
     sensible value.
 
     The memory controller has a 7 bit address bus, with a total of 19
     32-bit registers, at addresses 0x00 through 0x4c (address 0x0c and
     addresses 0x50 through 0x7c are not used).
 
`poc = VALUE'
     Specifies the value of the power on control register, The least
     signficant two bits specify the bus width (use 0 for an 8-bit bus,
     1 for a 16-bit bus and 2 for a 32-bit bus) and the next two bits
     the type of memory connected (use 0 for a disabled interface, 1
     for SSRAM, 2 for asyncrhonous devices and 3 for synchronous
     devices).
 
     If other bits are specified, they are ignored with a warning.
 
          Caution: The default value, 0, corresponds to a disabled
          8-bit bus, and is likely not the most suitable value
 
`index = VALUE'
     Specify the index of this memory controller amongst all the memory
     controllers. This value should be unique for each memory
     controller, and is used to associate specific memories with the
     controller, through the `mc' field in the `section memory'
     configuration (*note Memory Configuration: Memory Configuration.).
 
     The default value, 0, is suitable when there is only one memory
     controller.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: UART Configuration,  Next: DMA Configuration,  Prev: Memory Controller Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.2 UART Configuration
------------------------
 
The UART implemented in Or1ksim follows the specification of the
National Semiconductor 16450 and 16550 parts. It is a memory mapped
component, which resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
 
The component provides a number of interfaces to emulate the behavior
of an external terminal connected to the UART.
 
UART configuration is described in `section uart'. This section may
appear multiple times, specifying multiple UARTs. The following
parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this UART is enabled. If 0, it is
     disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the UART's memory mapped registers to
     VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a sensible value.
 
     The UART has a 3 bit address bus, with a total of 8 8-bit
     registers, at addresses 0x0 through 0x7.
 
`channel = "TYPE:ARGS"'
     Specify the channel representing the terminal connected to the UART
     Rx & Tx pins.
 
    `channel="file:`rxfile',`txfile'"'
          Read input characters from the file `rxfile' and write output
          characters to the file `txfile' (which will be created if
          required).
 
    `channel="xterm:ARGS"'
          Create an xterm on startup, write UART Tx traffic to the
          xterm and take Rx traffic from the keyboard when the xterm
          window is selected. Additional arguments to the xterm command
          (for example specifying window size may be specified in ARGS,
          or this may be left blank.
 
    `channel="tcp:VALUE"'
          Open the TCP/IP port specified by VALUE and read and write
          UART traffic from and to it.
 
          Typically a telnet session is connected to the other end of
          this port.
 
               Tip: There is no registered port for Or1ksim telnet UART
               connection. Priviledged access is required to read
               traffic on the registered "well-known" telnet port (23).
               Instead users should use port values in the "Dynamic" or
               "Private" port range, i.e. 49152-65535.
 
    `channel="fd:`rxfd',`txfd'"'
          Read and write characters from and to the existing open
          numerical file descriptors, file `rxfd' and `txfd'.
 
    `channel="tty:device=/dev/ttyS0,baud=9600"'
          Read and write characters from and to a physical serial port.
          The precise device (shown here as `/dev/ttyS0') may vary from
          machine to machine.
 
 
     The default value for this field is `"xterm:"'.
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this UART. Default value 0.
 
`16550 = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), the UART has the functionality of a 16550. If 0 (the
     default), it has the functionality of a 16450. The principal
     difference is that the 16550 can buffer multiple characters.
 
`jitter = VALUE'
     Set the jitter, modeled as a time to block, to VALUE milliseconds.
     Set to -1 to disable jitter modeling. Default value 0.
 
          Note: This functionality has yet to be implemented, so this
          parameter has no effect.
 
`vapi_id = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the value of the Verification API (VAPI) base
     address to be used with the UART. *Note Verification API:
     Verification API, for more details, which details the use of the
     VAPI with the UART.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: DMA Configuration,  Next: Ethernet Configuration,  Prev: UART Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.3 DMA Configuration
-----------------------
 
The DMA controller used in Or1ksim is the component implemented at
OpenCores, and found in the top level CVS directory, `wb_dma'. It is
described in the document `Wishbone DMA/Bridge IP Core' by Rudolf
Usselmann, which can be found in the `doc' subdirectory. It is a memory
mapped component, which resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
The present implementation is incomplete, intended only to support the
Ethernet interface (*note Ethernet Configuration::), although the
Ethernet interface is not yet completed.
 
DMA configuration is described in `section dma'. This section may
appear multiple times, specifying multiple DMA controllers. The
following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this DMA controller is enabled. If 0, it
     is disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the DMA's memory mapped registers to
     VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a sensible value.
 
     The DMA controller has a 10 bit address bus, with a total of 253
     32-bit registers. The first 5 registers at addresses 0x000 through
     0x010 control the overall behavior of the DMA controller. There are
     then 31 blocks of 8 registers, controlling each of the 31 DMA
     channels available. Addresses 0x014 through 0x01c are not used.
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this DMA controller. Default value
     0.
 
`vapi_id = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the value of the Verification API (VAPI) base
     address to be used with the DMA controller. *Note Verification
     API: Verification API, for more details, which details the use of
     the VAPI with the DMA controller.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Ethernet Configuration,  Next: GPIO Configuration,  Prev: DMA Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.4 Ethernet Configuration
----------------------------
 
The Ethernet MAC used in Or1ksim is the component implemented at
OpenCores, and found in the top level CVS directory, `ethernet'. It
also forms part of the OpenRISC SoC, ORPSoC. It is described in the
document `Ethernet IP Core Specification' by Igor Mohor, which can be
found in the `doc' subdirectory. It is a memory mapped component, which
resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
 
Ethernet configuration is described in `section ethernet'. This section
may appear multiple times, specifying multiple Ethernet interfaces. The
following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this Ethernet MAC is enabled. If 0, it is
     disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the MAC's memory mapped registers to
     VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a sensible value.
 
     The Ethernet MAC has a 7-bit address bus, with a total of 21
     32-bit registers. Addresses 0x54 through 0x7c are not used.
 
          Note: The Ethernet specification describes a Tx control
          register, `TXCTRL', at address 0x50. However this register is
          not implemented in the Or1ksim model.
 
`dma = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the DMA controller with which this Ethernet is
     associated. The default value is 0.
 
          Note: Support for external DMA is not provided in the current
          implementation, and this value is ignored. In any case there
          is no equivalent field to which this can be matched in the
          current DMA component implementation (*note DMA
          Configuration: DMA Configuration.).
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this Ethernet MAC. Default value 0.
 
`rtx_type = 0|1'
     If 1 (true) use a socket interface to the Ethernet (see parameter
     `sockif' below). If 0 (the default), use a file interface, reading
     and writing from and to the files specified in the `rxfile' and
     `txfile' parameters (see below).
 
          Note: By default the socket interface is not provided in
          Or1ksim. If it is required, this must be requested when
          configuring, by use of the `--enable-ethphy' option to
          `configure'.
 
               configure --target=or32-uclinux --enable-ethphy ...
 
`rx_channel = RXVALUE'
`tx_channel = TXVALUE'
     RXVALUE specifies the DMA channel to use for receive and TXVALUE
     the DMA channel to use for transmit. Both default to 0.
 
          Note: As noted above, support for external DMA is not
          provided in the current implementation, and so these values
          are ignored.
 
`rxfile = "RXFILE"'
`txfile = "TXFILE"'
     When `rtx_type' is 0 (see above), RXFILE specifies the file to use
     as input and TXFILE specifies the fie to use as output.
 
     The file contains a sequence of packets. Each packet consists of a
     packet length (32 bits), followed by that many bytes of data. Once
     the input file is empty, the Ethernet MAC behaves as though there
     were no data on the Ethernet. The default values of these
     parameters are `"eth_rx"' and `"eth_tx"' respectively.
 
     The input file must exist and be readable. The output file must be
     writable and will be created if necessary. If either of these
     conditions is not met, a warning will be given.
 
`sockif = "SERVICE"'
     When `rtx_type' is 1 (see above), SERVICE specifies the service to
     use for communication. This may be TCP/IP or UDP/IP. The default
     value of this parameter is `"or1ksim_eth"'.
 
`vapi_id = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the value of the Verification API (VAPI) base
     address to be used with the Ethernet PHY. *Note Verification API:
     Verification API, for more details, which details the use of the
     VAPI with the DMA controller.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: GPIO Configuration,  Next: Display Interface Configuration,  Prev: Ethernet Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.5 GPIO Configuration
------------------------
 
The GPIO used in Or1ksim is the component implemented at OpenCores, and
found in the top level CVS directory, `gpio'. It is described in the
document `GPIO IP Core Specification' by Damjan Lampret and Goran
Djakovic, which can be found in the `doc' subdirectory. It is a memory
mapped component, which resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
 
GPIO configuration is described in `section gpio'. This section may
appear multiple times, specifying multiple GPIO devices. The following
parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this GPIO is enabled. If 0, it is
     disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the GPIO's memory mapped registers to
     VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a sensible value.
 
     The GPIO has a 6 bit address bus, with a total of 10 32-bit
     registers, although the number of bits that are actively used
     varies. Addresses 0x28 through 0x3c are not used.
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this GPIO. Default value 0.
 
`vapi_id = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the value of the Verification API (VAPI) base
     address to be used with the GPIO. *Note Verification API:
     Verification API, for more details, which details the use of the
     VAPI with the GPIO controller. For backwards compatibility, the
     alternative name `base_vapi_id' is supported for this parameter,
     but deprecated.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Display Interface Configuration,  Next: Frame Buffer Configuration,  Prev: GPIO Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.6 Display Interface Configuration
-------------------------------------
 
Or1ksim models a VGA interface to an external monitor.  The VGA
controller used in Or1ksim is the component implemented at OpenCores,
and found in the top level CVS directory, `vga_lcd', with no support
for the optional hardware cursors. It is described in the document
`VGA/LCD Core v2.0 Specifications' by Richard Herveille, which can be
found in the `doc' subdirectory. It is a memory mapped component, which
resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
 
The current implementation provides only functionality to dump the
screen to a file at intervals.
 
VGA controller configuration is described in `section vga'. This
section may appear multiple times, specifying multiple VGA controllers.
The following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this VGA is enabled. If 0, it is
     disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the VGA controller's memory mapped
     registers to VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a
     sensible value.
 
     The VGA controller has a 12-bit address bus, with 7 32-bit
     registers, at addresses 0x000 through 0x018, and two color lookup
     tables at addresses 0x800 through 0xfff. The hardware cursor
     registers are not implemented, so addresses 0x01c through 0x7fc
     are not used.
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this VGA controller. Default value
     0.
 
`refresh_rate = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies number of cycles between screen dumps. Default
     value is derived from the simulation clock cycle time (*note
     Simulator Behavior: Simulator Behavior.), to correspond to dumping
     50 times per simulated second.
 
`txfile = "FILE"'
     FILE specifies the base of the filename for screen dumps.
     Successive screen dumps will be in BMP format, in files with the
     name `FILENNNN.bmp', where NNNN is a sequential count of the
     screen dumps starting at zero. The default value is `"vga_out"'.
     For backwards compatibility, the alternative name `filename' is
     supported for this parameter, but deprecated.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Frame Buffer Configuration,  Next: Keyboard Configuration,  Prev: Display Interface Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.7 Frame Buffer Configuration
--------------------------------
 
     Caution: The frame buffer is only partially implemented. Its
     configuration fields are described here, but the component should
     not be used at this time. Like the VGA controller, it is designed
     to make screen dumps to file.
 
Frame buffer configuration is described in `section fb'. This section
may appear multiple times, specifying multiple frame buffers. The
following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this frame buffer is enabled. If 0, it
     is disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the frame buffer's memory mapped registers
     to VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a sensible value.
 
     The frame buffer has an 121-bit address bus, with 4 32-bit
     registers, at addresses 0x000 through 0x00c, and a PAL lookup
     table at addresses 0x400 through 0x4ff. Addresses 0x010 through
     0x3fc and addresses 0x500 through 0x7ff are not used.
 
`refresh_rate = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies number of cycles between screen dumps. Default
     value is derived from the simulation clock cycle time (*note
     Simulator Behavior: Simulator Behavior.), to correspond to dumping
     50 times per simulated second.
 
`txfile = "FILE"'
     FILE specifies the base of the filename for screen dumps.
     Successive screen dumps will be in BMP format, in files with the
     name `FILENNNN.bmp', where NNNN is a sequential count of the
     screen dumps starting at zero. The default value is `"fb_out"'.
     For backwards compatibility, the alternative name `filename' is
     supported for this parameter, but deprecated.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Keyboard Configuration,  Next: Disc Interface Configuration,  Prev: Frame Buffer Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.8 Keyboard Configuration (PS2)
----------------------------------
 
The PS2 interface provided by Or1ksim is not documented. It may be
based on the PS2 project at OpenCores, and found in the top level CVS
directory, `ps2'. However this project lacks any documentation beyond
its project webpage. Since most PS2 interfaces follow the Intel i8042
standard, this is presumably what is expected with this device.
 
The implementation only provides for keyboard support, which is
modelled as a file of keystrokes. There is no mouse support.
 
     Caution: A standard i8042 device has two registers at addresses
     0x60 (command) and 0x64 (status). Inspection of the code, suggests
     that the Or1ksim component places these registers at addresses
     0x00 and 0x04.
 
     The port of Linux for the OpenRISC 1000, which runs on Or1ksim
     implements the i8042 device driver, anticipating these registers
     reside at their conventional address. It seems unlikel that this
     code will work.
 
     This component should be used with caution.
 
Keyboard configuration is described in `section kbd'. This section may
appear multiple times, specifying multiple keyboard interfaces. The
following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this keyboard is enabled. If 0, it is
     disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the keyboard's memory mapped registers to
     VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a sensible value.
 
     The keyboard PS/2 interface has an 3-bit address bus, with 2 8-bit
     registers, at addresses 0x000 and 0x004.
 
          Caution: As noted above, a standard Intel 8042 interface
          would expect to find these registers at locations 0x60 and
          0x64, thus requiring at least a 7-bit bus.
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this Keyboard interface. Default
     value 0.
 
`rxfile = "FILE"'
     `file' specifies a file containing raw key stroke data, which
     models the input from a physical keyboard. The default value is
     `"kbd_in"'.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Disc Interface Configuration,  Next: Generic Peripheral Configuration,  Prev: Keyboard Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.9 Disc Interface Configuration
----------------------------------
 
The ATA/ATAPI disc controller used in Or1ksim is the OCIDEC (OpenCores
IDE Controller) component implemented at OpenCores, and found in the
top level CVS directory, `ata'. It is described in the document
`ATA/ATAPI-5 Core Specification' by Richard Herveille, which can be
found in the `doc' subdirectory. It is a memory mapped component, which
resides on the main OpenRISC Wishbone data bus.
 
ATA/ATAPI configuration is described in `section ata'. This section may
appear multiple times, specifying multiple disc controllers. The
following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this ATA/ATAPI interface is enabled. If
     0, it is disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the ATA/ATAPI interface's memory mapped
     registers to VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a
     sensible value.
 
     The ATA/ATAPI PS/2 interface has an 5-bit address bus, with 8
     32-bit registers. Depending on the version of the OCIDEC ATA/ATAPI
     interface selected (see `dev_id' below), not all registers will be
     available.
 
`irq = VALUE'
     Use VALUE as the IRQ number of this ATA/ATAPI interface. Default
     value 0.
 
`dev_id = 1|2|3'
     This parameter specifies which version of the OCIDEC ATA/ATAPI
     interface to model. The default value is 1.
 
     Version 1 supports only the `CTRL', `STAT' and `PCTR' registers.
     Versions 2 & 3 add the `FCTR' registers, Version 3 adds the `DTR'
     registers and the `RXD'/`TXD' registers.
 
`rev = VALUE'
     Set the VALUE as the revision of the OCIDEC ATA/ATAPI interface.
     The default value is 1. The default value is 0. Its value should
     be in the range 0-15. Larger values are truncated with a warning.
     This only affects the reset value of the `STAT' register, where it
     forms bits 24-27.
 
`pio_mode0_t1 = VALUE'
`pio_mode0_t2 = VALUE'
`pio_mode0_t4 = VALUE'
`pio_mode0_teoc = VALUE'
     These parameters specify the timings for use with Programmed
     Input/Output (PIO) transfers. They are specified as the number of
     clock cycles - 2, rounded up to the next highest integer, or zero
     if that would be negative. The values should not exceed 255. If
     they do, they will be ignored with a warning.
 
     See the ATA/ATAPI-5 specification for explanations of each of these
     timing parameters. The default values are:
 
          pio_mode0_t1   =  6
          pio_mode0_t2   = 28
          pio_mode0_t4   =  2
          pio_mode0_teoc = 23
 
`dma_mode0_tm = VALUE'
`dma_mode0_td = VALUE'
`dma_mode0_teoc = VALUE'
     These parameters specify the timings for use with DMA transfers.
     They are specified as the number of clock cycles - 2, rounded up
     to the next highest integer, or zero if that would be negative.
     The values should not exceed 255. If they do, they will be ignored
     with a warning.
 
     See the ATA/ATAPI-5 specification for explanations of each of these
     timing parameters. The default values are:
 
          dma_mode0_tm   =  4
          dma_mode0_td   = 21
          dma_mode0_teoc = 21
 
 
3.4.9.1 ATA/ATAPI Device Configuration
......................................
 
Within the `section ata', each device is specified separately. The
device subsection is introduced by
 
     device VALUE
 
VALUE is the device number, which should be 0 or 1. The subsection ends
with `enddevice'. Note that if the same device number is specified more
than once, the previous values will be overwritten. Within the `device'
subsection, the following parameters may appear:
 
`type = VALUE'
     VALUEspecifies the type of device: 0 (the default) for "not
     connected", 1 for hard disk simulated in a file and 2 for local
     system hard disk.
 
`file = "FILENAME"'
     `filename' specifies the file to be used for a simulated ATA
     device if the file type (see `type' above) is 1. Default value
     `"ata-FileN"', where N is the device number.
 
`size = VALUE'
     VALUE specifies the size of a simulated ATA device if the file
     type (see `type' above) is 1. The default value is zero.
 
`packet = 0|1'
     If 1 (true), implement the PACKET command feature set. If 0 (the
     default), do not implement the PACKET command feature set.
 
`firmware = "STR"'
     Firmware to report in response to the "Identify Device" command.
     Default `"02207031"'.
 
`heads = VALUE'
     Number of heads in the device. Default 7, use -1 to disable all
     heads.
 
`sectors = VALUE'
     Number of sectors per track in the device. Default 32.
 
`mwdma = 0|1|2|-1'
     Highest multi-word DMA mode supported. Default 2, use -1 to
     disable.
 
`pio = 0|1|2|3|4'
     Highest PIO mode supported. Default 4.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Generic Peripheral Configuration,  Prev: Disc Interface Configuration,  Up: Peripheral Configuration
 
3.4.10 Generic Peripheral Configuration
---------------------------------------
 
When used as a library (*note Simulator Library: Simulator Library.),
Or1ksim makes provision for any additional peripheral to be implemented
externally. Any read or write access to this peripheral's memory map
generates "upcall"s to an external handler. This interface can support
either C or C++, and was particularly designed to facilitate support
for OSCI SystemC (see `http://www.systemc.org').
 
Generic peripheral configuration is described in `section generic'.
This section may appear multiple times, specifying multiple external
peripherals. The following parameters may be specified.
 
`enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), this ATA/ATAPI interface is enabled. If
     0, it is disabled.
 
`baseaddr = VALUE'
     Set the base address of the generic peripheral's memory mapped
     registers to VALUE. The default is 0, which is probably not a
     sensible value.
 
     The size of the memory mapped register space is controlled by the
     `size' paramter, described below.
 
`size = VALUE'
     Set the size of the generic peripheral's memory mapped register
     space to VALUE bytes. Any read or write accesses to addresses with
     offsets of 0 to VALUE-1 bytes from the base address specified in
     parameter `baseaddr' (see above) will be directed to the external
     interface.
 
     VALUE will be rounded up the nearest power of 2. It's default
     value is zero. If VALUE is not an exact power of two, accesses to
     address offsets of VALUE or above up to the next power of 2 will
     generate a warning, and have no effect (reads will return zero).
 
`name = "STR"'
     This gives the peripheral the name `"STR"'. This is used to
     identify the peripheral in error messages and warnings, and when
     reporting its status. The default value is
     `"anonymous external peripheral"'.
 
`byte_enabled = 0|1'
`hw_enabled = 0|1'
`word_enabled = 0|1'
     If 1 (true, the default), these parameters respectively enable the
     device for byte wide, half-word wide and word wide accesses. If 0,
     accesses of that width will fail.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Interactive Command Line,  Next: Verification API,  Prev: Configuration,  Up: Top
 
4 Interactive Command Line
**************************
 
If started with the `-f' flag, or if interrupted with `ctrl-C', Or1ksim
provides the user with an interactive command line. The commands
available, which may not be abbreviated, are:
 
`q'
     Exit the simulator
 
`r'
     Display all the General Purpose Registers (GPRs). Also shows the
     just executed and next to be executed instructions symbolically
     and the state of the flag in the Supervision Register.
 
`t'
     Execute the next instruction and then display register/instruction
     information as with the `r' command (see above).
 
`run NUM [ hush ]'
     Execute NUM instructions. The register/instruction information is
     displayed after each instruction, as with the `r' command (see
     above) _unless_ `hush' is specified.
 
`pr REG VALUE'
     Patch register REG with VALUE.
 
`dm FROMADDR [ TOADDR ]'
     Display memory bytes between FROMADDR and TOADDR. If TOADDR is not
     given, 64 bytes are displayed, starting at FROMADDR.
 
          Caution: The output from this command is broken (a bug).
          Or1ksim attempts to print out 16 bytes per row. However,
          instead of printing out the address at the start of each row,
          it prints the address (of the first of the 16 bytes) before
          _each_ byte.
 
`de FROMADDR [ TOADDR ]'
     Disassemble code between FROMADDR and TOADDR. If TOADDR is not
     given, 16 instructions are disassembled.
 
     The disassembly is entirely numerical, and gives no symbolic
     information.
 
`pm ADDR VALUE'
     Patch the 4 bytes in memory starting at ADDR with the 32-bit VALUE.
 
`pc VALUE'
     Patch the program counter with VALUE.
 
`cm FROMADDR TOADDR SIZE'
     Copy SIZE bytes in memory from FROMADDR to TOADDR.
 
`break ADDR'
     Toggle the breakpoint set at ADDR.
 
`breaks'
     List all set breakpoints
 
`reset'
     Reset the simulator. Includes modeling a reset of the processor, so
     execution will restart from the reset vector location, 0x100.
 
`hist'
     If saving the execution history has been configured (*note
     Simulator Behavior: Simulator Behavior.), display the execution
     history.
 
`stall'
     Stall the processor, so that control is passed to the debug unit.
     When stalled, the processor can execute no instructions. This
     command is useful when debugging the JTAG interface, used by
     debuggers such as GDB.
 
          Caution: There is no command to "unstall" the processor (this
          would appear to be a bug). Once the processor has been
          stalled, it can only be unstalled by using the `reset'
          command, or a debugger sending the correct command to the
          JTAG interface (using the OpenRISC 1000 Remote JTAG protocol).
 
          In particular it is possible to stall a processor which does
          not have the debugger enabled, and so cannot be unstalled by
          any method other than a reset.
 
`stats CATEGORY | clear'
     Print the statistics for the given CATEGORY, if available, or
     clear if `clear' is specified. The categories are:
 
    1
          Miscellaneous statistics: branch predictions (if branch
          predictions are enabled), branch target cache model (if
          enabled), cache (if enbaled), MMU (if enabled) and number of
          addtional load & store cycles.
 
          *Note Configuring the OpenRisc Achitectural Components: Core
          OpenRISC Configuration, for details of how to enable these
          various features.
 
    2
          Instruction usage statistics. Requires hazard analysis to be
          enabled (*note CPU Configuration: CPU Configuration.).
 
    3
          Instruction dependency statistics. Requires hazard analysis
          to be enabled (*note CPU Configuration: CPU Configuration.).
 
    4
          Functional unit dependency statistics. Requires hazard
          analysis to be enabled (*note CPU Configuration: CPU
          Configuration.).
 
    5
          Raw register usage over time. Requires hazard analysis to be
          enabled (*note CPU Configuration: CPU Configuration.).
 
    6
          Store buffer statistics. Requires the store buffer to be
          enabled (*note CPU Configuration: CPU Configuration.).
 
 
`info'
     Display detailed information about the simulator configuration.
     This is quite a lengthy about, because all MMU TLB information is
     displayed.
 
`dv FROMADDR [ TOADDR ] [ MODULE ]'
     Dump the area of memory between FROMADDR and TOADDR as Verilog
     code for a synchronous, 23-bit wide SRAM module, named MODULE. If
     TOADDR is not specified, then 64 bytes are dumped (as 16 32-bit
     words). If MODULE is not specified, `or1k_mem' is used.
 
     To save to a file, use the redirection function (described after
     this table, below).
 
`dh FROMADDR [ TOADDR ]'
     Dump the area of memory between FROMADDR and TOADDR as 32-bit hex
     numbers (no `0x', or `32'h' prefix). If TOADDR is not specified,
     then 64 bytes are dumped (as 16 32-bit words).
 
     To save to a file, use the redirection function (described after
     this table, below).
 
`setdbch'
     Toggle debug channels on/off. *Note Standalone Simulator:
     Standalone Simulator, for a description of specifying debug
     channels on the command line.
 
`set SECTION PARAM = VALUE'
     Set the configuration parameter PARA in section SECTION to VALUE.
     *Note Configuration: Configuration, for details of configuration
     parameters and their settings.
 
`debug'
     Toggle the simulator debug mode. *Note Debug Interface
     Configuration: Debug Interface Configuration, for information on
     this parameter.
 
          Caution: This is effectively enabling or disabling the debug
          unit. It does not effect the remote GDB debug interface.
          However using the remote debug interface while the debug unit
          is disabled will lead to undefined behavior and likely crash
          Or1ksim
 
`cuc'
     Enter the the Custom Unit Compiler command prompt (*note CUC
     Configuration: CUC Configuration.).
 
          Caution: The CUC must be properly configured, for this to
          succeed. In particular a timing file must be available and
          readable. Otherwise Or1ksim will crash.
 
`help'
     Print out brief information about each command available.
 
`mprofile [-vh] [-m M] [-g N] [-f FILE] FROM TO'
     Run the memory profiling utility. This follows the same usage as
     the standalone command (*note Memory Profiling Utility: Memory
     Profiling Utility.).
 
`profile [-vhcq] [-g FILE]'
     Run the instruction profiling utility. This follows the same usage
     as the standalone command (*note Profiling Utility: Profiling
     Utility.).
 
 
For all commands, it is possible to redirect the output to a file, by
using the redirection operator, `>'.
 
     COMMAND > FILENAME
 
This is particularly useful for commands dumping a large amount of
output, such as `dv'.
 
     Caution: Unfortunately there is a serious bug with the redirection
     operator. It does not return output to standard output after the
     command completes. Until this bug is fixed, file redirection
     should not be used.
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Verification API,  Next: Code Internals,  Prev: Interactive Command Line,  Up: Top
 
5 Verification API (VAPI)
*************************
 
The Verification API (VAPI) provides a TCP/IP interface to allow
components of the simulation to be controlled externally. The interface
is polled for new requests on each simulated clock cycle. Components
within the simulator may send responses to such requests.
 
The inteface is an asynchronous duplex protocol. On the request side it
provides for simple commands, known as VAPI IDs (a 32 bit integer),
with a single piece of data (also a 32 bit integer). On the send side,
it provides for sending a single VAPI ID and data. However there is no
explicit command-response structure. Some components just accept
requests (e.g. to set values), some just generate sends (to report
values), and some do both.
 
Each component has a base ID (32 bit) and its commands will start from
that base ID. This provides a simple partitioning of the command space
amongst components. Request commands will be directed to the component
with the closest base ID lower than the VAPI ID of the command.
 
Thus if there are two components with base IDs of 0x200 and 0x300, and
a request with VAPI ID of 0x203 is received, it will be directed to the
first component as its command #3.
 
The results of VAPI interactions are logged (by default in `vapi.log'
unless an alternative is specified in `section vapi').
 
Currently the following components support VAPI:
 
Debug Unit
     Although the Debug Unit can specify a base VAPI ID, it is not used
     to send commands or receive requests.
 
     Instead, if the base VAPI ID is set, all remote JTAG protocol
     exchanges are logged in the VAPI log file.
 
UART
     If a base VAPI ID is specified, the UART sends details of any
     chars or break characters sent, with dteails of the line control
     register etc encoded in the data packet sent.
 
     This supports a single VAPI command request, but encodes a
     sub-command in the top 8 bits of the associated data.
 
    `0x00'
          This stuffs the least significant 8 bits of the data into the
          serial register of the UART and the next 8 bits into the line
          control register, effectively providing control of the next
          character to be sent or received.
 
    `0x01'
          The divisor latch bytes are set from the least significant 16
          bits of the data.
 
    `0x02'
          The line control register is set from bits 15-8 of the data.
 
    `0x03'
          The UART skew is set from the least significant 16 bits of
          the data
 
    `0x04'
          If the 16th most significant bit of the data is 1, start
          sending breaks, otherwise stop sending breaks. The breaks are
          sent or cleared after the number of UART clock divider ticks
          specified by the data (immediately if the data is zero).
 
 
DMA
     Although the DMA unit supports a base VAPI ID in its configuration
     (`section dma'), no VAPI data is sent, nor VAPI requests currently
     implemented.
 
Ethernet
     The following requests are handled by the Ethernet. Specified
     symbolically, these are the increments from the base VAPI ID of the
     Ethernet. At present no implementation is provided behind these
     VAPI requests.
 
    `ETH_VAPI_DATA (0)'
 
    `ETH_VAPI_CTRL (0)'
 
GPIO
     If a base VAPI ID is specified, the GPIO sends out on its base
     VAPI ID (symbolically, GPIO_VAPI_DATA (0) offset from the base
     VAPI ID) any changes in outputs.
 
     The following requests are handled by the GPIO. Specified
     symbolically, these are the increments from the VAPI base ID of the
     GPIO.
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_DATA (0)'
          Set the next input to the commands data field
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_AUX (1)'
          Set the GPIO auxiliary inputs to the data field
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_CLOCK (2)'
          Add an external GPIO clock trigger of period specified in the
          data field.
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_RGPIO_OE (3)'
          Set the GPIO output enable to the data field
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_RGPIO_INTE (4)'
          Set the next interrupt to the data field
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_RGPIO_PTRIG (5)'
          Set the next trigger to the data field
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_RGPIO_AUX (6)'
          Set the next auxiliary input to the data field
 
    `GPIO_VAPI_RGPIO_CTRL (7)'
          Set th next control input to the data field
 
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Code Internals,  Next: GNU Free Documentation License,  Prev: Verification API,  Up: Top
 
6 A Guide to Or1ksim Internals
******************************
 
These are notes to help those wanting to extend Or1ksim. This section
assumes the use of a tag file, so file locations of entities'
definitions are not in general provided. For more on tags, see the
Linux manual page for `etags'. A tag file can be created with:
 
     make tags
 
* Menu:
 
* Coding Conventions::
* Global Data Structures::
* Concepts::
* Internal Debugging::
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Coding Conventions,  Next: Global Data Structures,  Up: Code Internals
 
6.1 Coding Conventions for Or1ksim
==================================
 
This chapter provides some guidelines for coding, to facilitate
extensions to Or1ksim
 
_GNU Coding Standard_
     Code should follow the GNU coding standard for C
     (`http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/'. If in doubt, put your code
     through the `indent' program.
 
_`#include' headers_
     All C source code files should include `config.h' before any other
     file.
 
     This should be followed by inclusion of any system headers (but see
     the comments about portability and `port.h' below) and then by any
     Or1ksim package headers.
 
     If `port.h' is required, it should be the first package header to
     be included after the system headers.
 
     All C source code and header files should directly include any
     system or package header they depend on, i.e. not rely on any
     other header having already included it. The two exceptions are
 
       1. All header files may assume that `config.h' has already been
          included.
 
       2. System headers which impose portability problems should be
          included by using the package header `port.h', rather than
          the system headers themselves. This is the case for code
          requiring
 
             * `strndup' (from `string.h')
 
             * Integer types (`intN_t', `uintN_t') (from `inttypes.h').
 
             * `isblank' (from `ctype.h')
 
 
 
_`#include' files once only_
     All include files should be protected by `#ifndef' to ensure their
     definitions are only included once. For instance a header file
     `X-Y.H' should surround its contents with:
 
          #ifndef X_Y__H
          #define X_Y__H
 
          
 
          #endif  /* X_Y__H */
 
_Avoid `typedef'_
     The GNU coding style for C does not have a clear way to distinguish
     between user type name and user variables. For this reason
     `typedef' should be avoided except for the most ubiquitous user
     defined types. This makes the code much easier to read.
 
     There are some `typedef' declarations in the `argtable2' library
     and the ELF and COFF headers, because this code is taken from
     other places.
 
     Within Or1ksim legacy uses of `typedef' have largely been purged,
     except in the Custom Unit Compiler (*note Custom Unit Compiler
     (CUC) Configuration: CUC Configuration.).
 
     The remaining uses of `typedef' occur in two places:
 
        * `port/port.h' defines types to replace those in header files
          that are not available (character functions, string
          duplication, integer types).
 
          `cpu/or1k/arch.h' defines types for the key Or1ksim entities:
          addresses (`oraddr_t'), unsigned register values (`uorreg_t')
          and signed register (`orreg_t') values.
 
 
     Where new types are defined, they should appear in one of these two
     files as appropriate. Or1ksim specific types appearing in `arch.h'
     should always have the suffix `_h'.
 
_Don't begin names with underscore_
     Names beginning with `_' are intended to be part of the C
     infrastructure. They should not be used in the simulator code.
 
_Keep Non-global top level entities static_
     All top level entities (functions, variables), which are not
     explicitly part of a global interface should be declared static.
     This ensures that unwanted connections are not inadvertently built
     across the program.
 
_Use of `inline'_
     Code should not be declared `inline'. Modern compilers can work
     out for themselves what is best in this respect.
 
_Initialization_
     All data structures should be explicitly initialized. In particular
     code should not rely on static data structures being initialized to
     zero.
 
     The rationale is that in future static data structures may become
     dynamic. This has been a particular source of bugs in Or1ksim
     historically.
 
     A specific case is with new peripherals, which should always
     include a `start' function to pre-initialize all configuration
     parameters to sensible defaults
 
_Configuration Validation_
     All configuration values should be validated, preferably when
     encountered, if not when the `section' is closed, or otherwise at
     run time when the parameter is first used.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Global Data Structures,  Next: Concepts,  Prev: Coding Conventions,  Up: Code Internals
 
6.2 Global Data Structures
==========================
 
`config'
     The global variable `config' of type `struct config' holds the
     configuration data for some of the Or1ksim components which are
     always present. At present the components are:
 
        * The simulator defined in `section sim' (*note Simulator
          Configuration: Simulator Configuration.).
 
        * The Verification API (VAPI) defined  in `section vapi' (*note
          Verification API (VAPI) Configuration: Verification API
          Configuration.).
 
        * The Custom Unit Compiler (CUC), defined in `section cuc'
          (*note Custom Unit Compiler (CUC) Configuration: CUC
          Configuration.).
 
        * The CPU, defined in `section cpu' (*note CPU Configuration:
          CPU Configuration.).
 
        * The data cache (but not the instruction cache), defined in
          `section dc' (*note Cache Configuration: Cache
          Configuration.).
 
        * The power management unit, defined in `section pm' (*note
          Power Management Configuration: Power Management
          Configuration.).
 
        * The programmable interrupt controller, defined in
          `section pic' (*note Interrupt Configuration: Interrupt
          Configuration.).
 
        * Branch prediciton, defined in `section bpb' (*note Branch
          Prediction Configuration: Branch Prediction Configuration.).
 
        * The debug unit, defined in `section debug' (*note Debug
          Interface Configuration: Debug Interface Configuration.).
 
 
     This struct is made of a collection of structs, one for each
     component. For example the simulator configuration is held in
     `config.sim'.
 
`config'
     This is a linked list of data structures holding configuration data
     for all sections which are not held in the main `config' data
     structure. In general these are components (such as peripherals and
     memory) which may occur multiple times. However it also handles
     some architectural components which may occur only once, such as
     the memory management units, the instruction cache, the interrupt
     controller and branch prediction.
 
`runtime'
     The global variable `runtime' of type `struct runtime' holds all
     the runtime information about the simulation. To access this
     variable, `sim-config.h' must be included.
 
     This struct is itself made of 3 other structs, `cpu' (for CPU run
     time state), `vapi' (for Verification API state) and `cuc' (for
     Custom Unit Compiler state).
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Concepts,  Next: Internal Debugging,  Prev: Global Data Structures,  Up: Code Internals
 
6.3 Concepts
============
 
_Output Redirection_
     The current output stream is held in `runtime.cpu.fout'. Output
     should be explicitly written to this stream, or may use the
     `PRINTF' macro, which will write its arguments to this output
     stream.
 
_Reset Hooks_
     Any peripheral may register a routine to be called when the the
     processor is reset by calling `reg_sim_reset', providing a
     function and pointer to a data structure as arguments. On reset
     that function will be called with the data stucture pointer as
     argument.
 
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Internal Debugging,  Prev: Concepts,  Up: Code Internals
 
6.4 Internal Debugging
======================
 
The function `debug' is like `printf', but with an extra first
argument, which is the debug level. If the debug level specified in the
simulator configuration (*note Simulator Behavior: Simulator Behavior.)
is greater than or equal to this value, the remaining arguments are
printed to the current output stream (*note Output Redirection: Output
Redirection.).
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: GNU Free Documentation License,  Next: Index,  Prev: Code Internals,  Up: Top
 
7 GNU Free Documentation License
********************************
 
                      Version 1.2, November 2002
 
     Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA
 
     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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  0. PREAMBLE
 
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  4. MODIFICATIONS
 
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  5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
 
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 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
 
     The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of
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ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
====================================================
 
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and license
notices just after the title page:
 
       Copyright (C)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
       or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
       with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
       Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
       Free Documentation License''.
 
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
 
         with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with
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         being LIST.
 
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.
 
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to
permit their use in free software.
 

File: or1ksim.info,  Node: Index,  Prev: GNU Free Documentation License,  Up: Top
 
Index
*****
 
 
* Menu:

* --cumulative:                          Profiling Utility.   (line  26)
* --debug-config:                        Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  48)
* --enable-ethphy:                       Installation.        (line  25)
* --enable-mprofile:                     Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  60)
* --enable-profile:                      Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  57)
* --file:                                Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  24)
* --filename:                            Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  51)
* --generate:                            Profiling Utility.   (line  34)
* --group:                               Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  47)
* --help:                                Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  20)
* --help (memory profiling utility):     Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  22)
* --help (profiling utility):            Profiling Utility.   (line  22)
* --interactive:                         Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  54)
* --mode:                                Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  26)
* --nosrv:                               Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  32)
* --quiet:                               Profiling Utility.   (line  30)
* --srv:                                 Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  40)
* --version:                             Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  16)
* --version (memory profiling utility):  Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  17)
* --version (profiling utility):         Profiling Utility.   (line  17)
* -c:                                    Profiling Utility.   (line  26)
* -d:                                    Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  48)
* -f <1>:                                Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  51)
* -f:                                    Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  24)
* -g <1>:                                Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  47)
* -g:                                    Profiling Utility.   (line  34)
* -h:                                    Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  20)
* -h (memory profiling utility):         Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  22)
* -h (profiling utility):                Profiling Utility.   (line  22)
* -i:                                    Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  54)
* -m:                                    Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  26)
* -q:                                    Profiling Utility.   (line  30)
* -v:                                    Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line  16)
* -v (memory profiling utility):         Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  17)
* -v (profiling utility):                Profiling Utility.   (line  17)
* 0x00 UART VAPI sub-command (UART verification): Verification API.
                                                              (line  49)
* 0x01 UART VAPI sub-command (UART verification): Verification API.
                                                              (line  55)
* 0x02 UART VAPI sub-command (UART verification): Verification API.
                                                              (line  59)
* 0x03 UART VAPI sub-command (UART verification): Verification API.
                                                              (line  62)
* 0x04 UART VAPI sub-command (UART verification): Verification API.
                                                              (line  66)
* 16550 (UART configuration):            UART Configuration.  (line  73)
* ATA/ATAPI configuration:               Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* ATA/ATAPI device configuration:        Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  88)
* base_vapi_id (GPIO configuration - deprecated): GPIO Configuration.
                                                              (line  32)
* baseaddr (ATA/ATAPI configuration):    Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  22)
* baseaddr (DMA configuration):          DMA Configuration.   (line  24)
* baseaddr (Ethernet configuration):     Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  22)
* baseaddr (frame buffer configuration): Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line  20)
* baseaddr (generic peripheral configuration): Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line  22)
* baseaddr (GPIO configuration):         GPIO Configuration.  (line  21)
* baseaddr (keyboard configuration):     Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line  36)
* baseaddr (memory configuration):       Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  62)
* baseaddr (memory controller configuration): Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line  28)
* baseaddr (UART configuration):         UART Configuration.  (line  22)
* baseaddr (VGA configuration):          Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  26)
* blocksize (cache configuration):       Cache Configuration. (line  29)
* BPB configuration:                     Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* branch prediction configuration:       Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* break (Interactive CLI):               Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  57)
* breakpoint list (Interactive CLI):     Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  60)
* breakpoint set/clear (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  57)
* breaks (Interactive CLI):              Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  60)
* btic (branch prediction configuration): Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line  19)
* byte_enabled (generic peripheral configuration): Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line  48)
* cache configuration:                   Cache Configuration. (line   6)
* calling_convention (CUC configuration): CUC Configuration.  (line  34)
* ce (memory configuration):             Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  91)
* cfgr (CPU configuration):              CPU Configuration.   (line  47)
* channel (UART configuration):          UART Configuration.  (line  29)
* clear breakpoint (Interactive CLI):    Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  57)
* clkcycle (simulator configuration):    Simulator Behavior.  (line 102)
* cm (Interactive CLI):                  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  54)
* command line for Or1ksim standalone use: Standalone Simulator.
                                                              (line   6)
* config:                                Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line   7)
* config.bpb:                            Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  37)
* config.cpu:                            Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  22)
* config.cuc:                            Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  18)
* config.dc:                             Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  25)
* config.debug:                          Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  40)
* config.pic:                            Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  33)
* config.pm:                             Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  29)
* config.sim:                            Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  11)
* config.vapi:                           Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  14)
* configuration dynamic structure:       Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  49)
* configuration file structure:          Configuration File Format.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuration global structure:        Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line   7)
* configuration info (Interactive CLI):  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 124)
* configuration of generic peripherals:  Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuration parameter setting (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 151)
* configuring branch prediction:         Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring data & instruction caches: Cache Configuration. (line   6)
* configuring data & instruction MMUs:   Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring DMA:                       DMA Configuration.   (line   6)
* configuring memory:                    Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring Or1ksim:                   Configuration.       (line   6)
* configuring power management:          Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the ATA/ATAPI interfaces:  Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the behavior of Or1ksim:   Simulator Behavior.  (line   6)
* configuring the CPU:                   CPU Configuration.   (line   6)
* configuring the Custom Unit Compiler (CUC): CUC Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the debug unit and interface to external debuggers: Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the Ethernet interface:    Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the frame buffer:          Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the GPIO:                  GPIO Configuration.  (line   6)
* configuring the interrupt controller:  Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the keyboard interface:    Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the memory controller:     Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the processor:             CPU Configuration.   (line   6)
* configuring the PS2 interface:         Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the UART:                  UART Configuration.  (line   6)
* configuring the Verification API (VAPI): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* configuring the VGA interface:         Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* copying memory (Interactive CLI):      Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  54)
* CPU configuration:                     CPU Configuration.   (line   6)
* CUC configuration:                     CUC Configuration.   (line   6)
* Custom Unit Compiler (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 167)
* Custom Unit Compiler Configuration:    CUC Configuration.   (line   6)
* data cache configuration:              Cache Configuration. (line   6)
* data MMU configuration:                Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* DCGE (power management register):      Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  21)
* debug (Interactive CLI):               Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 156)
* debug (simulator configuration):       Simulator Behavior.  (line  13)
* debug channel toggle (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 146)
* debug interface configuration:         Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* debug mode toggle (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 156)
* debug unit configuration:              Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* Debug Unit verification (VAPI):        Verification API.    (line  34)
* delayr (memory configuration):         Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line 109)
* delayw (memory configuration):         Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line 115)
* dependstats (CPU configuration):       CPU Configuration.   (line  84)
* dev_id (ATA/ATAPI configuration):      Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  36)
* disassemble (Interactive CLI):         Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  41)
* disc interface configuration:          Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* disc interface device configuration:   Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  88)
* display interface configuration:       Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* displaying memory (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  31)
* displaying registers (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  14)
* dm (Interactive CLI):                  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  31)
* dma (Ethernet configuration):          Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  33)
* DMA configuration:                     DMA Configuration.   (line   6)
* DMA verification (VAPI):               Verification API.    (line  73)
* dma_mode0_td (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  70)
* dma_mode0_teoc (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  71)
* dma_mode0_tm (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  69)
* DME (power management register):       Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* DMMU configuration:                    Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* doze mode (power management register): Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* dv (Interactive CLI):                  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 129)
* dynamic clock gating (power management register): Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  21)
* dynamic ports, use of:                 Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  23)
* edge_trigger (interrupt controller):   Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* enable_bursts (CUC configuration):     CUC Configuration.   (line  38)
* enabled (ATA/ATAPI configuration):     Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  18)
* enabled (branch prediction configuration): Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* enabled (cache configuration):         Cache Configuration. (line  11)
* enabled (debug interface configuration): Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  11)
* enabled (DMA configuration):           DMA Configuration.   (line  20)
* enabled (Ethernet configuration):      Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  18)
* enabled (frame buffer configuration):  Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* enabled (generic peripheral configuration): Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line  18)
* enabled (GPIO configuration):          GPIO Configuration.  (line  17)
* enabled (interrupt controller):        Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line  12)
* enabled (keyboard configuration):      Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line  32)
* enabled (memory controller configuration): Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line  17)
* enabled (MMU configuration):           Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  12)
* enabled (power management configuration): Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  35)
* enabled (UART configuration):          UART Configuration.  (line  18)
* enabled (verification API configuration): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* enabled (VGA configuration):           Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  22)
* enabling Ethernet via socket:          Installation.        (line  25)
* entrysize (MMU configuration):         Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  32)
* ETH_VAPI_CTRL (Ethernet verification): Verification API.    (line  86)
* ETH_VAPI_DATA (Ethernet verification): Verification API.    (line  84)
* Ethernet configuration:                Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* Ethernet verification (VAPI):          Verification API.    (line  78)
* Ethernet via socket, enabling:         Installation.        (line  25)
* exe_log (simulator configuration):     Simulator Behavior.  (line  48)
* exe_log_end (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.  (line  88)
* exe_log_file (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior. (line  96)
* exe_log_fn (simulator configuration - deprecated): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  96)
* exe_log_marker (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  92)
* exe_log_start (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  85)
* exe_log_type (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior. (line  54)
* exe_log_type=default (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  57)
* exe_log_type=hardware (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  61)
* exe_log_type=simple (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  68)
* exe_log_type=software (simulator configuration): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  73)
* executing code (Interactive CLI):      Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  23)
* execution history (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  67)
* file (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 104)
* file (keyboard configuration):         Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line  51)
* filename (frame buffer configuration - deprecated): Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line  35)
* filename (VGA configuration - deprecated): Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  47)
* firmware (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 117)
* frame buffer configuration:            Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* gdb_enabled (debug interface configuration): Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  20)
* generic peripheral configuration:      Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* GPIO configuration:                    GPIO Configuration.  (line   6)
* GPIO verification (VAPI):              Verification API.    (line  88)
* GPIO_VAPI_AUX (GPIO verification):     Verification API.    (line 100)
* GPIO_VAPI_CLOCK (GPIO verification):   Verification API.    (line 103)
* GPIO_VAPI_CTRL (GPIO verification):    Verification API.    (line 119)
* GPIO_VAPI_DATA (GPIO verification):    Verification API.    (line  97)
* GPIO_VAPI_INTE (GPIO verification):    Verification API.    (line 110)
* GPIO_VAPI_PTRIG (GPIO verification):   Verification API.    (line 113)
* GPIO_VAPI_RGPIO (GPIO verification):   Verification API.    (line 107)
* hazards (CPU configuration):           CPU Configuration.   (line  69)
* heads (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 121)
* help (Interactive CLI):                Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 175)
* hexadecimal memory dump (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 138)
* hide_device_id (verification API configuration): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  36)
* hist (Interactive CLI):                Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  67)
* history (simulator configuration):     Simulator Behavior.  (line  39)
* history of execution (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  67)
* hitdelay (branch prediction configuration): Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line  33)
* hitdelay (instruction cache configuration): Cache Configuration.
                                                              (line  38)
* hitdelay (MMU configuration):          Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  51)
* hw_enabled (generic peripheral configuration): Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line  49)
* IMMU configuration:                    Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* index (memory controller configuration): Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line  50)
* info (Interactive CLI):                Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 124)
* installing Or1ksim:                    Installation.        (line   6)
* instruction cache configuration:       Cache Configuration. (line   6)
* instruction MMU configuration:         Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* instruction profiling for Or1ksim:     Profiling Utility.   (line   6)
* instruction profiling utility (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 183)
* internal debugging:                    Internal Debugging.  (line   6)
* interrupt controller configuration:    Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* irq (ATA/ATAPI configuration):         Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  32)
* irq (DMA configuration):               DMA Configuration.   (line  34)
* irq (GPIO configuration):              GPIO Configuration.  (line  29)
* irq (keyboard configuration):          Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line  47)
* irq (UART configuration):              UART Configuration.  (line  70)
* irq (VGA configuration):               Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  37)
* jitter (UART configuration):           UART Configuration.  (line  78)
* keyboard configuration:                Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* library version of Or1ksim:            Simulator Library.   (line   6)
* license for Or1ksim:                   GNU Free Documentation License.
                                                              (line   6)
* list breakpoints (Interactive CLI):    Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  60)
* load_hitdelay (data cache configuration): Cache Configuration.
                                                              (line  46)
* load_missdelay (data cache configuration): Cache Configuration.
                                                              (line  50)
* log (memory configuration):            Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line 121)
* log_enabled (verification API configuration): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  28)
* long:                                  Simulator Library.   (line  65)
* mc (memory configuration):             Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  99)
* memory configuration:                  Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* memory controller configuration:       Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* memory copying (Interactive CLI):      Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  54)
* memory display (Interactive CLI):      Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  31)
* memory dump, hexadecimal (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 138)
* memory dump, Verilog (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 129)
* memory patching (Interactive CLI):     Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  48)
* memory profiling end address:          Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  56)
* memory profiling start address:        Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line  56)
* memory profiling utility (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 178)
* memory profiling version of Or1ksim:   Memory Profiling Utility.
                                                              (line   6)
* memory_order (CUC configuration):      CUC Configuration.   (line  15)
* memory_order=exact (CUC configuration): CUC Configuration.  (line  27)
* memory_order=none (CUC configuration): CUC Configuration.   (line  18)
* memory_order=strong (CUC configuration): CUC Configuration. (line  25)
* memory_order=weak (CUC configuration): CUC Configuration.   (line  21)
* missdelay (branch prediction configuration): Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line  37)
* missdelay (instruction cache configuration): Cache Configuration.
                                                              (line  42)
* missdelay (MMU configuration):         Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  55)
* MMU configuration:                     Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* mprof_file (simulator configuration):  Simulator Behavior.  (line  33)
* mprof_fn (simulator configuration - deprecated): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  33)
* mprofile (Interactive CLI):            Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 178)
* mprofile (simulator configuration):    Simulator Behavior.  (line  28)
* mwdma (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 128)
* name (generic peripheral configuration): Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line  42)
* name (memory configuration):           Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  82)
* no_multicycle (CUC configuration):     CUC Configuration.   (line  42)
* nsets (cache configuration):           Cache Configuration. (line  15)
* nsets (MMU configuration):             Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* nways (cache configuration):           Cache Configuration. (line  22)
* nways (MMU configuration):             Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  22)
* or1ksim_get_time_period:               Simulator Library.   (line  55)
* or1ksim_init:                          Simulator Library.   (line  18)
* or1ksim_interrupt:                     Simulator Library.   (line  70)
* or1ksim_is_le:                         Simulator Library.   (line  60)
* or1ksim_reset_duration:                Simulator Library.   (line  40)
* or1ksim_run:                           Simulator Library.   (line  35)
* or1ksim_set_time_point:                Simulator Library.   (line  51)
* output rediretion:                     Concepts.            (line   7)
* packet (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 113)
* pagesize (MMU configuration):          Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  27)
* patching memory (Interactive CLI):     Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  48)
* patching registers (Interactive CLI):  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  28)
* patching the program counter (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  51)
* pattern (memory configuration):        Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  50)
* pc (Interactive CLI):                  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  51)
* PIC configuration:                     Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* pio (ATA/ATAPI device configuration):  Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 132)
* pio_mode0_t1 (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  51)
* pio_mode0_t2 (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  52)
* pio_mode0_t4 (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  53)
* pio_mode0_teoc (ATA/ATAPI configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  54)
* pm (Interactive CLI):                  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  48)
* PMR - DGCE:                            Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  21)
* PMR - DME:                             Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* PMR - SDF:                             Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  12)
* PMR - SME:                             Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* PMR - SUME:                            Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  24)
* PMU configuration:                     Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* poc (memory controller configuration): Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line  37)
* port range for TCP/IP:                 Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  23)
* power management configuration:        Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* power management register, DGCE:       Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  21)
* power management register, DME:        Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* power management register, SDF:        Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  12)
* power management register, SME:        Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* power management register, SUME:       Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  24)
* pr (Interactive CLI):                  Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  28)
* private ports, use of:                 Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  23)
* processor configuration:               CPU Configuration.   (line   6)
* processor stall (Interactive CLI):     Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  72)
* prof_file (simulator configuration):   Simulator Behavior.  (line  23)
* prof_fn (simulator configuration - deprecated): Simulator Behavior.
                                                              (line  23)
* profile (simulator configuration):     Simulator Behavior.  (line  19)
* profiling for Or1ksim:                 Profiling Utility.   (line   6)
* profiling utility (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 183)
* program counter patching (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  51)
* programmable interrupt controller configuration: Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* PS2 configuration:                     Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* q (Interactive CLI):                   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  11)
* quitting (Interactive CLI):            Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  11)
* r (Interactive CLI):                   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  14)
* random_seed (memory configuration):    Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  40)
* refresh_rate (frame buffer configuration): Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line  29)
* refresh_rate (VGA configuration):      Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  41)
* reg_sim_reset:                         Concepts.            (line  13)
* register display (Interactive CLI):    Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  14)
* register patching (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  28)
* reset (Interactive CLI):               Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  63)
* reset hooks:                           Concepts.            (line  13)
* reset the simulator (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  63)
* rev (ATA/ATAPI configuration):         Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  44)
* rev (CPU configuration):               CPU Configuration.   (line  15)
* rtx_type (Ethernet configuration):     Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  46)
* run (Interactive CLI):                 Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  23)
* running code (Interactive CLI):        Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  23)
* running Or1ksim:                       Usage.               (line   6)
* runtime:                               Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  58)
* runtime global structure:              Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  58)
* runtime.cpu:                           Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  62)
* runtime.cpu.fout:                      Concepts.            (line   7)
* runtime.cuc:                           Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  62)
* runtime.vapi:                          Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  62)
* rx_channel (Ethernet configuration):   Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  59)
* rxfile (Ethernet configuration):       Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  68)
* sbp_bf_fwd (branch prediction configuration): Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line  23)
* sbp_bnf_fwd (branch prediction configuration): Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line  28)
* sbuf_len (CPU configuration):          CPU Configuration.   (line  96)
* SDF (power management register):       Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  12)
* section ata:                           Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section bpb:                           Branch Prediction Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section cpio:                          GPIO Configuration.  (line   6)
* section cpu:                           CPU Configuration.   (line   6)
* section cuc:                           CUC Configuration.   (line   6)
* section dc:                            Cache Configuration. (line   6)
* section debug:                         Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section dma:                           DMA Configuration.   (line   6)
* section dmmu:                          Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section ethernet:                      Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section fb:                            Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section generic:                       Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section ic:                            Cache Configuration. (line   6)
* section immu:                          Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section kb:                            Keyboard Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section mc:                            Memory Controller Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section memory:                        Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section pic:                           Interrupt Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section pmu:                           Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section sim:                           Simulator Behavior.  (line   6)
* section uart:                          UART Configuration.  (line   6)
* section vapi:                          Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* section vga:                           Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* sections:                              Global Data Structures.
                                                              (line  49)
* sectors (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 125)
* server_port (debug interface configuration): Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  39)
* server_port (verification API configuration): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  19)
* set (Interactive CLI):                 Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 151)
* set breakpoint (Interactive CLI):      Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  57)
* setdbch (Interactive CLI):             Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 146)
* simulator configuration:               Simulator Behavior.  (line   6)
* simulator configuration info (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 124)
* simulator reset (Interactive CLI):     Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  63)
* simulator statistics (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  88)
* size (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line 109)
* size (generic peripheral configuration): Generic Peripheral Configuration.
                                                              (line  30)
* size (memory configuration):           Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  67)
* sleep mode (power management register): Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* slow down factor (power management register): Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  12)
* SME (power management register):       Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  16)
* sockif (Ethernet configuration):       Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  83)
* sr (CPU configuration):                CPU Configuration.   (line  53)
* stall (Interactive CLI):               Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  72)
* stall the processor (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  72)
* statistics, simulation (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  88)
* stats (Interactive CLI):               Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  88)
* stepping code (Interactive CLI):       Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  19)
* store_hitdelay (data cache configuration): Cache Configuration.
                                                              (line  54)
* store_missdelay (data cache configuration): Cache Configuration.
                                                              (line  58)
* SUME (power management register):      Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  24)
* superscalar (CPU configuration):       CPU Configuration.   (line  58)
* suspend mode (power management register): Power Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  24)
* t (Interactive CLI):                   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  19)
* TCP/IP port range:                     Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  23)
* TCP/IP port range for or1ksim service: Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  43)
* timings_file (CUC configuration):      CUC Configuration.   (line  46)
* timings_fn (CUC configuration - deprecated): CUC Configuration.
                                                              (line  46)
* toggle breakpoint (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line  57)
* toggle debug channels (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 146)
* toggle debug mode (Interactive CLI):   Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 156)
* tx_channel (Ethernet configuration):   Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  60)
* txfile (Ethernet configuration):       Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  69)
* txfile (frame buffer configuration):   Frame Buffer Configuration.
                                                              (line  35)
* txfile (VGA configuration):            Display Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  47)
* type (ATA/ATAPI device configuration): Disc Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  99)
* type (memory configuration):           Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  11)
* type=pattern (memory configuration):   Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  21)
* type=random (memory configuration):    Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  15)
* type=unknown (memory configuration):   Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  25)
* type=zero (memory configuration):      Memory Configuration.
                                                              (line  29)
* UART configuration:                    UART Configuration.  (line   6)
* UART I/O from/to a physical serial port: UART Configuration.
                                                              (line  62)
* UART I/O from/to an xterm:             UART Configuration.  (line  38)
* UART I/O from/to files:                UART Configuration.  (line  33)
* UART I/O from/to open file descriptors: UART Configuration. (line  58)
* UART I/O from/to TCP/IP:               UART Configuration.  (line  45)
* UART verification (VAPI):              Verification API.    (line  41)
* upr (CPU configuration):               CPU Configuration.   (line  21)
* ustates (cache configuration):         Cache Configuration. (line  33)
* ustates (MMU configuration):           Memory Management Configuration.
                                                              (line  41)
* VAPI configuration:                    Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* VAPI for Debug Unit:                   Verification API.    (line  34)
* VAPI for DMA:                          Verification API.    (line  73)
* VAPI for Ethernet:                     Verification API.    (line  78)
* VAPI for GPIO:                         Verification API.    (line  88)
* VAPI for UART:                         Verification API.    (line  41)
* vapi_id (debug interface configuration): Debug Interface Configuration.
                                                              (line  49)
* vapi_id (DMA configuration) <1>:       Ethernet Configuration.
                                                              (line  88)
* vapi_id (DMA configuration):           DMA Configuration.   (line  38)
* vapi_id (GPIO configuration):          GPIO Configuration.  (line  32)
* vapi_id (UART configuration):          UART Configuration.  (line  85)
* vapi_log_file (verification API configuration): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  41)
* vapi_log_fn (verification API configuration - deprecated): Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line  41)
* ver (CPU configuration):               CPU Configuration.   (line  15)
* verbose (simulator configuration):     Simulator Behavior.  (line  10)
* Verification API configuration:        Verification API Configuration.
                                                              (line   6)
* Verilog memory dump (Interactive CLI): Interactive Command Line.
                                                              (line 129)
* VGA configuration:                     Display Interface Configuration.
 
 
                                                              (line  50)



Tag Table:
Node: Top808
Node: Installation1218
Node: Usage2778
Node: Standalone Simulator2992
Node: Profiling Utility5012
Node: Memory Profiling Utility5920
Node: Simulator Library7279
Node: Configuration11225
Node: Configuration File Format11831
Node: Configuration File Preprocessing12123
Node: Configuration File Syntax12493
Node: Simulator Configuration15271
Node: Simulator Behavior15562
Node: Verification API Configuration19578
Node: CUC Configuration21507
Node: Core OpenRISC Configuration23412
Node: CPU Configuration23914
Node: Memory Configuration27704
Node: Memory Management Configuration32980
Node: Cache Configuration35341
Node: Interrupt Configuration37707
Node: Power Management Configuration38439
Node: Branch Prediction Configuration39711
Node: Debug Interface Configuration41064
Node: Peripheral Configuration43708
Node: Memory Controller Configuration44333
Node: UART Configuration46930
Node: DMA Configuration50436
Node: Ethernet Configuration52291
Node: GPIO Configuration56247
Node: Display Interface Configuration57870
Node: Frame Buffer Configuration60170
Node: Keyboard Configuration62020
Node: Disc Interface Configuration64246
Node: Generic Peripheral Configuration69161
Node: Interactive Command Line71445
Node: Verification API78744
Node: Code Internals83162
Node: Coding Conventions83719
Node: Global Data Structures88134
Node: Concepts90786
Ref: Output Redirection90931
Node: Internal Debugging91468
Node: GNU Free Documentation License91964
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