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xianfeng |
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
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#
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# namespace.pl. Mon Aug 30 2004
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#
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# Perform a name space analysis on the linux kernel.
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#
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# Copyright Keith Owens <kaos@ocs.com.au>. GPL.
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#
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# Invoke by changing directory to the top of the kernel object
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# tree then namespace.pl, no parameters.
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#
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# Tuned for 2.1.x kernels with the new module handling, it will
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# work with 2.0 kernels as well.
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#
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# Last change 2.6.9-rc1, adding support for separate source and object
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# trees.
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#
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# The source must be compiled/assembled first, the object files
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# are the primary input to this script. Incomplete or missing
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# objects will result in a flawed analysis. Compile both vmlinux
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# and modules.
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#
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# Even with complete objects, treat the result of the analysis
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# with caution. Some external references are only used by
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# certain architectures, others with certain combinations of
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# configuration parameters. Ideally the source should include
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# something like
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#
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# #ifndef CONFIG_...
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# static
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# #endif
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# symbol_definition;
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#
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# so the symbols are defined as static unless a particular
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# CONFIG_... requires it to be external.
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#
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# A symbol that is suffixed with '(export only)' has these properties
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#
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# * It is global.
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# * It is marked EXPORT_SYMBOL or EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL, either in the same
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# source file or a different source file.
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# * Given the current .config, nothing uses the symbol.
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#
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# The symbol is a candidate for conversion to static, plus removal of the
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# export. But be careful that a different .config might use the symbol.
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#
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#
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# Name space analysis and cleanup is an iterative process. You cannot
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# expect to find all the problems in a single pass.
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#
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# * Identify possibly unnecessary global declarations, verify that they
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# really are unnecessary and change them to static.
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# * Compile and fix up gcc warnings about static, removing dead symbols
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# as necessary.
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# * make clean and rebuild with different configs (especially
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# CONFIG_MODULES=n) to see which symbols are being defined when the
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# config does not require them. These symbols bloat the kernel object
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# for no good reason, which is frustrating for embedded systems.
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# * Wrap config sensitive symbols in #ifdef CONFIG_foo, as long as the
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# code does not get too ugly.
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# * Repeat the name space analysis until you can live with with the
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# result.
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#
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require 5; # at least perl 5
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use strict;
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use File::Find;
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my $nm = ($ENV{'NM'} || "nm") . " -p";
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my $objdump = ($ENV{'OBJDUMP'} || "objdump") . " -s -j .comment";
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my $srctree = "";
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my $objtree = "";
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$srctree = "$ENV{'srctree'}/" if (exists($ENV{'srctree'}));
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$objtree = "$ENV{'objtree'}/" if (exists($ENV{'objtree'}));
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if ($#ARGV != -1) {
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print STDERR "usage: $0 takes no parameters\n";
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die("giving up\n");
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}
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my %nmdata = (); # nm data for each object
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my %def = (); # all definitions for each name
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my %ksymtab = (); # names that appear in __ksymtab_
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my %ref = (); # $ref{$name} exists if there is a true external reference to $name
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my %export = (); # $export{$name} exists if there is an EXPORT_... of $name
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&find(\&linux_objects, '.'); # find the objects and do_nm on them
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&list_multiply_defined();
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&resolve_external_references();
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&list_extra_externals();
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exit(0);
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sub linux_objects
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{
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# Select objects, ignoring objects which are only created by
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# merging other objects. Also ignore all of modules, scripts
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# and compressed. Most conglomerate objects are handled by do_nm,
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# this list only contains the special cases. These include objects
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# that are linked from just one other object and objects for which
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# there is really no permanent source file.
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my $basename = $_;
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$_ = $File::Find::name;
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s:^\./::;
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if (/.*\.o$/ &&
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! (
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m:/built-in.o$:
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|| m:arch/x86/kernel/vsyscall-syms.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/ia32/ia32.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/kernel/gate-syms.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__divdi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__divsi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__moddi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__modsi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__udivdi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__udivsi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__umoddi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/lib/__umodsi3.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/scripts/check_gas_for_hint.o$:
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|| m:arch/ia64/sn/kernel/xp.o$:
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|| m:boot/bbootsect.o$:
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|| m:boot/bsetup.o$:
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|| m:/bootsect.o$:
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|| m:/boot/setup.o$:
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|| m:/compressed/:
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|| m:drivers/cdrom/driver.o$:
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|| m:drivers/char/drm/tdfx_drv.o$:
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|| m:drivers/ide/ide-detect.o$:
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|| m:drivers/ide/pci/idedriver-pci.o$:
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|| m:drivers/media/media.o$:
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|| m:drivers/scsi/sd_mod.o$:
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|| m:drivers/video/video.o$:
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|| m:fs/devpts/devpts.o$:
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|| m:fs/exportfs/exportfs.o$:
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|| m:fs/hugetlbfs/hugetlbfs.o$:
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|| m:fs/msdos/msdos.o$:
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|| m:fs/nls/nls.o$:
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|| m:fs/ramfs/ramfs.o$:
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|| m:fs/romfs/romfs.o$:
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|| m:fs/vfat/vfat.o$:
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|| m:init/mounts.o$:
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|| m:^modules/:
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|| m:net/netlink/netlink.o$:
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|| m:net/sched/sched.o$:
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|| m:/piggy.o$:
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|| m:^scripts/:
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|| m:sound/.*/snd-:
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|| m:^.*/\.tmp_:
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|| m:^\.tmp_:
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|| m:/vmlinux-obj.o$:
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)
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) {
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do_nm($basename, $_);
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}
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$_ = $basename; # File::Find expects $_ untouched (undocumented)
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}
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sub do_nm
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{
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my ($basename, $fullname) = @_;
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my ($source, $type, $name);
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if (! -e $basename) {
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printf STDERR "$basename does not exist\n";
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return;
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}
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if ($fullname !~ /\.o$/) {
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printf STDERR "$fullname is not an object file\n";
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return;
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}
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($source = $fullname) =~ s/\.o$//;
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if (-e "$objtree$source.c" || -e "$objtree$source.S") {
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$source = "$objtree$source";
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} else {
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$source = "$srctree$source";
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}
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if (! -e "$source.c" && ! -e "$source.S") {
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# No obvious source, exclude the object if it is conglomerate
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if (! open(OBJDUMPDATA, "$objdump $basename|")) {
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printf STDERR "$objdump $fullname failed $!\n";
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return;
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}
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my $comment;
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while (<OBJDUMPDATA>) {
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chomp();
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if (/^In archive/) {
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# Archives are always conglomerate
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$comment = "GCC:GCC:";
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last;
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}
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next if (! /^[ 0-9a-f]{5,} /);
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$comment .= substr($_, 43);
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}
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close(OBJDUMPDATA);
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if (!defined($comment) || $comment !~ /GCC\:.*GCC\:/m) {
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printf STDERR "No source file found for $fullname\n";
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}
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| 197 |
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return;
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| 198 |
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}
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| 199 |
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if (! open(NMDATA, "$nm $basename|")) {
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printf STDERR "$nm $fullname failed $!\n";
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return;
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| 202 |
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}
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| 203 |
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my @nmdata;
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| 204 |
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while (<NMDATA>) {
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chop;
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($type, $name) = (split(/ +/, $_, 3))[1..2];
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# Expected types
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# A absolute symbol
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# B weak external reference to data that has been resolved
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# C global variable, uninitialised
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# D global variable, initialised
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# G global variable, initialised, small data section
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# R global array, initialised
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# S global variable, uninitialised, small bss
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# T global label/procedure
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# U external reference
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# W weak external reference to text that has been resolved
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# a assembler equate
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# b static variable, uninitialised
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# d static variable, initialised
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# g static variable, initialised, small data section
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# r static array, initialised
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# s static variable, uninitialised, small bss
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| 224 |
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# t static label/procedures
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# w weak external reference to text that has not been resolved
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# ? undefined type, used a lot by modules
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if ($type !~ /^[ABCDGRSTUWabdgrstw?]$/) {
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| 228 |
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printf STDERR "nm output for $fullname contains unknown type '$_'\n";
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| 229 |
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}
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| 230 |
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elsif ($name =~ /\./) {
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| 231 |
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# name with '.' is local static
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| 232 |
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}
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| 233 |
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else {
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| 234 |
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$type = 'R' if ($type eq '?'); # binutils replaced ? with R at one point
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| 235 |
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# binutils keeps changing the type for exported symbols, force it to R
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| 236 |
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$type = 'R' if ($name =~ /^__ksymtab/ || $name =~ /^__kstrtab/);
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| 237 |
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$name =~ s/_R[a-f0-9]{8}$//; # module versions adds this
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| 238 |
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if ($type =~ /[ABCDGRSTW]/ &&
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| 239 |
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$name ne 'init_module' &&
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| 240 |
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$name ne 'cleanup_module' &&
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| 241 |
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$name ne 'Using_Versions' &&
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| 242 |
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$name !~ /^Version_[0-9]+$/ &&
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| 243 |
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$name !~ /^__parm_/ &&
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| 244 |
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$name !~ /^__kstrtab/ &&
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| 245 |
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$name !~ /^__ksymtab/ &&
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| 246 |
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$name !~ /^__kcrctab_/ &&
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| 247 |
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$name !~ /^__exitcall_/ &&
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| 248 |
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$name !~ /^__initcall_/ &&
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| 249 |
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$name !~ /^__kdb_initcall_/ &&
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| 250 |
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$name !~ /^__kdb_exitcall_/ &&
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| 251 |
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$name !~ /^__module_/ &&
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| 252 |
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$name !~ /^__mod_/ &&
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| 253 |
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$name !~ /^__crc_/ &&
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| 254 |
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$name ne '__this_module' &&
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| 255 |
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$name ne 'kernel_version') {
|
| 256 |
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if (!exists($def{$name})) {
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| 257 |
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$def{$name} = [];
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| 258 |
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}
|
| 259 |
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push(@{$def{$name}}, $fullname);
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| 260 |
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}
|
| 261 |
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push(@nmdata, "$type $name");
|
| 262 |
|
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if ($name =~ /^__ksymtab_/) {
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| 263 |
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$name = substr($name, 10);
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| 264 |
|
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if (!exists($ksymtab{$name})) {
|
| 265 |
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$ksymtab{$name} = [];
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| 266 |
|
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}
|
| 267 |
|
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push(@{$ksymtab{$name}}, $fullname);
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| 268 |
|
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}
|
| 269 |
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}
|
| 270 |
|
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}
|
| 271 |
|
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close(NMDATA);
|
| 272 |
|
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if ($#nmdata < 0) {
|
| 273 |
|
|
if (
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| 274 |
|
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$fullname ne "lib/brlock.o"
|
| 275 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "lib/dec_and_lock.o"
|
| 276 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "fs/xfs/xfs_macros.o"
|
| 277 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "drivers/ide/ide-probe-mini.o"
|
| 278 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "usr/initramfs_data.o"
|
| 279 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "drivers/acpi/executer/exdump.o"
|
| 280 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "drivers/acpi/resources/rsdump.o"
|
| 281 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "drivers/acpi/namespace/nsdumpdv.o"
|
| 282 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "drivers/acpi/namespace/nsdump.o"
|
| 283 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "arch/ia64/sn/kernel/sn2/io.o"
|
| 284 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "arch/ia64/kernel/gate-data.o"
|
| 285 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "drivers/ieee1394/oui.o"
|
| 286 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "security/capability.o"
|
| 287 |
|
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&& $fullname ne "sound/core/wrappers.o"
|
| 288 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "fs/ntfs/sysctl.o"
|
| 289 |
|
|
&& $fullname ne "fs/jfs/jfs_debug.o"
|
| 290 |
|
|
) {
|
| 291 |
|
|
printf "No nm data for $fullname\n";
|
| 292 |
|
|
}
|
| 293 |
|
|
return;
|
| 294 |
|
|
}
|
| 295 |
|
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$nmdata{$fullname} = \@nmdata;
|
| 296 |
|
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}
|
| 297 |
|
|
|
| 298 |
|
|
sub drop_def
|
| 299 |
|
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{
|
| 300 |
|
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my ($object, $name) = @_;
|
| 301 |
|
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my $nmdata = $nmdata{$object};
|
| 302 |
|
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my ($i, $j);
|
| 303 |
|
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for ($i = 0; $i <= $#{$nmdata}; ++$i) {
|
| 304 |
|
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if ($name eq (split(' ', $nmdata->[$i], 2))[1]) {
|
| 305 |
|
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splice(@{$nmdata{$object}}, $i, 1);
|
| 306 |
|
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my $def = $def{$name};
|
| 307 |
|
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for ($j = 0; $j < $#{$def{$name}}; ++$j) {
|
| 308 |
|
|
if ($def{$name}[$j] eq $object) {
|
| 309 |
|
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splice(@{$def{$name}}, $j, 1);
|
| 310 |
|
|
}
|
| 311 |
|
|
}
|
| 312 |
|
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last;
|
| 313 |
|
|
}
|
| 314 |
|
|
}
|
| 315 |
|
|
}
|
| 316 |
|
|
|
| 317 |
|
|
sub list_multiply_defined
|
| 318 |
|
|
{
|
| 319 |
|
|
my ($name, $module);
|
| 320 |
|
|
foreach $name (keys(%def)) {
|
| 321 |
|
|
if ($#{$def{$name}} > 0) {
|
| 322 |
|
|
# Special case for cond_syscall
|
| 323 |
|
|
if ($#{$def{$name}} == 1 && $name =~ /^sys_/ &&
|
| 324 |
|
|
($def{$name}[0] eq "kernel/sys.o" ||
|
| 325 |
|
|
$def{$name}[1] eq "kernel/sys.o")) {
|
| 326 |
|
|
&drop_def("kernel/sys.o", $name);
|
| 327 |
|
|
next;
|
| 328 |
|
|
}
|
| 329 |
|
|
# Special case for i386 entry code
|
| 330 |
|
|
if ($#{$def{$name}} == 1 && $name =~ /^__kernel_/ &&
|
| 331 |
|
|
$def{$name}[0] eq "arch/x86/kernel/vsyscall-int80_32.o" &&
|
| 332 |
|
|
$def{$name}[1] eq "arch/x86/kernel/vsyscall-sysenter_32.o") {
|
| 333 |
|
|
&drop_def("arch/x86/kernel/vsyscall-sysenter_32.o", $name);
|
| 334 |
|
|
next;
|
| 335 |
|
|
}
|
| 336 |
|
|
printf "$name is multiply defined in :-\n";
|
| 337 |
|
|
foreach $module (@{$def{$name}}) {
|
| 338 |
|
|
printf "\t$module\n";
|
| 339 |
|
|
}
|
| 340 |
|
|
}
|
| 341 |
|
|
}
|
| 342 |
|
|
}
|
| 343 |
|
|
|
| 344 |
|
|
sub resolve_external_references
|
| 345 |
|
|
{
|
| 346 |
|
|
my ($object, $type, $name, $i, $j, $kstrtab, $ksymtab, $export);
|
| 347 |
|
|
printf "\n";
|
| 348 |
|
|
foreach $object (keys(%nmdata)) {
|
| 349 |
|
|
my $nmdata = $nmdata{$object};
|
| 350 |
|
|
for ($i = 0; $i <= $#{$nmdata}; ++$i) {
|
| 351 |
|
|
($type, $name) = split(' ', $nmdata->[$i], 2);
|
| 352 |
|
|
if ($type eq "U" || $type eq "w") {
|
| 353 |
|
|
if (exists($def{$name}) || exists($ksymtab{$name})) {
|
| 354 |
|
|
# add the owning object to the nmdata
|
| 355 |
|
|
$nmdata->[$i] = "$type $name $object";
|
| 356 |
|
|
# only count as a reference if it is not EXPORT_...
|
| 357 |
|
|
$kstrtab = "R __kstrtab_$name";
|
| 358 |
|
|
$ksymtab = "R __ksymtab_$name";
|
| 359 |
|
|
$export = 0;
|
| 360 |
|
|
for ($j = 0; $j <= $#{$nmdata}; ++$j) {
|
| 361 |
|
|
if ($nmdata->[$j] eq $kstrtab ||
|
| 362 |
|
|
$nmdata->[$j] eq $ksymtab) {
|
| 363 |
|
|
$export = 1;
|
| 364 |
|
|
last;
|
| 365 |
|
|
}
|
| 366 |
|
|
}
|
| 367 |
|
|
if ($export) {
|
| 368 |
|
|
$export{$name} = "";
|
| 369 |
|
|
}
|
| 370 |
|
|
else {
|
| 371 |
|
|
$ref{$name} = ""
|
| 372 |
|
|
}
|
| 373 |
|
|
}
|
| 374 |
|
|
elsif ( $name ne "mod_use_count_"
|
| 375 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__initramfs_end"
|
| 376 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__initramfs_start"
|
| 377 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_einittext"
|
| 378 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_sinittext"
|
| 379 |
|
|
&& $name ne "kallsyms_names"
|
| 380 |
|
|
&& $name ne "kallsyms_num_syms"
|
| 381 |
|
|
&& $name ne "kallsyms_addresses"
|
| 382 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__this_module"
|
| 383 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_etext"
|
| 384 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_edata"
|
| 385 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_end"
|
| 386 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__bss_start"
|
| 387 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_text"
|
| 388 |
|
|
&& $name ne "_stext"
|
| 389 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__gp"
|
| 390 |
|
|
&& $name ne "ia64_unw_start"
|
| 391 |
|
|
&& $name ne "ia64_unw_end"
|
| 392 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__init_begin"
|
| 393 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__init_end"
|
| 394 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__bss_stop"
|
| 395 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__nosave_begin"
|
| 396 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__nosave_end"
|
| 397 |
|
|
&& $name ne "pg0"
|
| 398 |
|
|
&& $name ne "__module_text_address"
|
| 399 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__sched_text_/
|
| 400 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__start_/
|
| 401 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__end_/
|
| 402 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__stop_/
|
| 403 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__scheduling_functions_.*_here/
|
| 404 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__.*initcall_/
|
| 405 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__.*per_cpu_start/
|
| 406 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__.*per_cpu_end/
|
| 407 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__alt_instructions/
|
| 408 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__setup_/
|
| 409 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^jiffies/
|
| 410 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__mod_timer/
|
| 411 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^__mod_page_state/
|
| 412 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^init_module/
|
| 413 |
|
|
&& $name !~ /^cleanup_module/
|
| 414 |
|
|
) {
|
| 415 |
|
|
printf "Cannot resolve ";
|
| 416 |
|
|
printf "weak " if ($type eq "w");
|
| 417 |
|
|
printf "reference to $name from $object\n";
|
| 418 |
|
|
}
|
| 419 |
|
|
}
|
| 420 |
|
|
}
|
| 421 |
|
|
}
|
| 422 |
|
|
}
|
| 423 |
|
|
|
| 424 |
|
|
sub list_extra_externals
|
| 425 |
|
|
{
|
| 426 |
|
|
my %noref = ();
|
| 427 |
|
|
my ($name, @module, $module, $export);
|
| 428 |
|
|
foreach $name (keys(%def)) {
|
| 429 |
|
|
if (! exists($ref{$name})) {
|
| 430 |
|
|
@module = @{$def{$name}};
|
| 431 |
|
|
foreach $module (@module) {
|
| 432 |
|
|
if (! exists($noref{$module})) {
|
| 433 |
|
|
$noref{$module} = [];
|
| 434 |
|
|
}
|
| 435 |
|
|
push(@{$noref{$module}}, $name);
|
| 436 |
|
|
}
|
| 437 |
|
|
}
|
| 438 |
|
|
}
|
| 439 |
|
|
if (%noref) {
|
| 440 |
|
|
printf "\nExternally defined symbols with no external references\n";
|
| 441 |
|
|
foreach $module (sort(keys(%noref))) {
|
| 442 |
|
|
printf " $module\n";
|
| 443 |
|
|
foreach (sort(@{$noref{$module}})) {
|
| 444 |
|
|
if (exists($export{$_})) {
|
| 445 |
|
|
$export = " (export only)";
|
| 446 |
|
|
}
|
| 447 |
|
|
else {
|
| 448 |
|
|
$export = "";
|
| 449 |
|
|
}
|
| 450 |
|
|
printf " $_$export\n";
|
| 451 |
|
|
}
|
| 452 |
|
|
}
|
| 453 |
|
|
}
|
| 454 |
|
|
}
|
