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/* Loop unswitching for GNU compiler.

   Copyright (C) 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

This file is part of GCC.

GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under

the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free

Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later

version.

GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY

WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

along with GCC; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free

Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA

02110-1301, USA.  */

#include "config.h"

#include "system.h"

#include "coretypes.h"

#include "tm.h"

#include "rtl.h"

#include "hard-reg-set.h"

#include "obstack.h"

#include "basic-block.h"

#include "cfgloop.h"

#include "cfglayout.h"

#include "params.h"

#include "output.h"

#include "expr.h"

/* This pass moves constant conditions out of loops, duplicating the loop

   in progress, i.e. this code:

   while (loop_cond)

     {

       A;

       if (cond)

         branch1;

       else

         branch2;

       B;

       if (cond)

         branch3;

       C;

     }

   where nothing inside the loop alters cond is transformed

   into

   if (cond)

     {

       while (loop_cond)

         {

           A;

           branch1;

           B;

           branch3;

           C;

         }

     }

   else

     {

       while (loop_cond)

         {

           A;

           branch2;

           B;

           C;

         }

     }

  Duplicating the loop might lead to code growth exponential in number of

  branches inside loop, so we limit the number of unswitchings performed

  in a single loop to PARAM_MAX_UNSWITCH_LEVEL.  We only perform the

  transformation on innermost loops, as the benefit of doing it on loops

  containing subloops would not be very large compared to complications

  with handling this case.  */

static struct loop *unswitch_loop (struct loops *, struct loop *,

                                   basic_block, rtx, rtx);

static void unswitch_single_loop (struct loops *, struct loop *, rtx, int);

static rtx may_unswitch_on (basic_block, struct loop *, rtx *);

/* Prepare a sequence comparing OP0 with OP1 using COMP and jumping to LABEL if

   true, with probability PROB.  If CINSN is not NULL, it is the insn to copy

   in order to create a jump.  */

rtx

compare_and_jump_seq (rtx op0, rtx op1, enum rtx_code comp, rtx label, int prob,

                      rtx cinsn)

{

  rtx seq, jump, cond;

  enum machine_mode mode;

  mode = GET_MODE (op0);

  if (mode == VOIDmode)

    mode = GET_MODE (op1);

  start_sequence ();

  if (GET_MODE_CLASS (mode) == MODE_CC)

    {

      /* A hack -- there seems to be no easy generic way how to make a

         conditional jump from a ccmode comparison.  */

      gcc_assert (cinsn);

      cond = XEXP (SET_SRC (pc_set (cinsn)), 0);

      gcc_assert (GET_CODE (cond) == comp);

      gcc_assert (rtx_equal_p (op0, XEXP (cond, 0)));

      gcc_assert (rtx_equal_p (op1, XEXP (cond, 1)));

      emit_jump_insn (copy_insn (PATTERN (cinsn)));

      jump = get_last_insn ();

      JUMP_LABEL (jump) = JUMP_LABEL (cinsn);

      LABEL_NUSES (JUMP_LABEL (jump))++;

      redirect_jump (jump, label, 0);

    }

  else

    {

      gcc_assert (!cinsn);

      op0 = force_operand (op0, NULL_RTX);

      op1 = force_operand (op1, NULL_RTX);

      do_compare_rtx_and_jump (op0, op1, comp, 0,

                               mode, NULL_RTX, NULL_RTX, label);

      jump = get_last_insn ();

      JUMP_LABEL (jump) = label;

      LABEL_NUSES (label)++;

    }

  REG_NOTES (jump) = gen_rtx_EXPR_LIST (REG_BR_PROB, GEN_INT (prob),

                                        REG_NOTES (jump));

  seq = get_insns ();

  end_sequence ();

  return seq;

}

/* Main entry point.  Perform loop unswitching on all suitable LOOPS.  */

void

unswitch_loops (struct loops *loops)

{

  int i, num;

  struct loop *loop;

  /* Go through inner loops (only original ones).  */

  num = loops->num;

  for (i = 1; i < num; i++)

    {

      /* Removed loop?  */

      loop = loops->parray[i];

      if (!loop)

        continue;

      if (loop->inner)

        continue;

      unswitch_single_loop (loops, loop, NULL_RTX, 0);

#ifdef ENABLE_CHECKING

      verify_dominators (CDI_DOMINATORS);

      verify_loop_structure (loops);

#endif

    }

  iv_analysis_done ();

}

/* Checks whether we can unswitch LOOP on condition at end of BB -- one of its

   basic blocks (for what it means see comments below).  In case condition

   compares loop invariant cc mode register, return the jump in CINSN.  */

static rtx

may_unswitch_on (basic_block bb, struct loop *loop, rtx *cinsn)

{

  rtx test, at, insn, op[2], stest;

  struct rtx_iv iv;

  unsigned i;

  enum machine_mode mode;

  /* BB must end in a simple conditional jump.  */

  if (EDGE_COUNT (bb->succs) != 2)

    return NULL_RTX;

  if (!any_condjump_p (BB_END (bb)))

    return NULL_RTX;

  /* With branches inside loop.  */

  if (!flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop, EDGE_SUCC (bb, 0)->dest)

      || !flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop, EDGE_SUCC (bb, 1)->dest))

    return NULL_RTX;

  /* It must be executed just once each iteration (because otherwise we

     are unable to update dominator/irreducible loop information correctly).  */

  if (!just_once_each_iteration_p (loop, bb))

    return NULL_RTX;

  /* Condition must be invariant.  */

  test = get_condition (BB_END (bb), &at, true, false);

  if (!test)

    return NULL_RTX;

  for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)

    {

      op[i] = XEXP (test, i);

      if (CONSTANT_P (op[i]))

        continue;

      insn = iv_get_reaching_def (at, op[i]);

      if (!iv_analyze (insn, op[i], &iv))

        return NULL_RTX;

      if (iv.step != const0_rtx

          || iv.first_special)

        return NULL_RTX;

      op[i] = get_iv_value (&iv, const0_rtx);

    }

  mode = GET_MODE (op[0]);

  if (mode == VOIDmode)

    mode = GET_MODE (op[1]);

  if (GET_MODE_CLASS (mode) == MODE_CC)

    {

      if (at != BB_END (bb))

        return NULL_RTX;

      if (!rtx_equal_p (op[0], XEXP (test, 0))

          || !rtx_equal_p (op[1], XEXP (test, 1)))

        return NULL_RTX;

      *cinsn = BB_END (bb);

      return test;

    }

  stest = simplify_gen_relational (GET_CODE (test), SImode,

                                   mode, op[0], op[1]);

  if (stest == const0_rtx

      || stest == const_true_rtx)

    return stest;

  return canon_condition (gen_rtx_fmt_ee (GET_CODE (test), SImode,

                                          op[0], op[1]));

}

/* Reverses CONDition; returns NULL if we cannot.  */

rtx

reversed_condition (rtx cond)

{

  enum rtx_code reversed;

  reversed = reversed_comparison_code (cond, NULL);

  if (reversed == UNKNOWN)

    return NULL_RTX;

  else

    return gen_rtx_fmt_ee (reversed,

                           GET_MODE (cond), XEXP (cond, 0),

                           XEXP (cond, 1));

}

/* Unswitch single LOOP.  COND_CHECKED holds list of conditions we already

   unswitched on and are therefore known to be true in this LOOP.  NUM is

   number of unswitchings done; do not allow it to grow too much, it is too

   easy to create example on that the code would grow exponentially.  */

static void

unswitch_single_loop (struct loops *loops, struct loop *loop,

                      rtx cond_checked, int num)

{

  basic_block *bbs;

  struct loop *nloop;

  unsigned i;

  rtx cond, rcond = NULL_RTX, conds, rconds, acond, cinsn;

  int repeat;

  edge e;

  /* Do not unswitch too much.  */

  if (num > PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_UNSWITCH_LEVEL))

    {

      if (dump_file)

        fprintf (dump_file, ";; Not unswitching anymore, hit max level\n");

      return;

    }

  /* Only unswitch innermost loops.  */

  if (loop->inner)

    {

      if (dump_file)

        fprintf (dump_file, ";; Not unswitching, not innermost loop\n");

      return;

    }

  /* We must be able to duplicate loop body.  */

  if (!can_duplicate_loop_p (loop))

    {

      if (dump_file)

        fprintf (dump_file, ";; Not unswitching, can't duplicate loop\n");

      return;

    }

  /* The loop should not be too large, to limit code growth.  */

  if (num_loop_insns (loop) > PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_UNSWITCH_INSNS))

    {

      if (dump_file)

        fprintf (dump_file, ";; Not unswitching, loop too big\n");

      return;

    }

  /* Do not unswitch in cold areas.  */

  if (!maybe_hot_bb_p (loop->header))

    {

      if (dump_file)

        fprintf (dump_file, ";; Not unswitching, not hot area\n");

      return;

    }

  /* Nor if the loop usually does not roll.  */

  if (expected_loop_iterations (loop) < 1)

    {

      if (dump_file)

        fprintf (dump_file, ";; Not unswitching, loop iterations < 1\n");

      return;

    }

  do

    {

      repeat = 0;

      cinsn = NULL_RTX;

      /* Find a bb to unswitch on.  */

      bbs = get_loop_body (loop);

      iv_analysis_loop_init (loop);

      for (i = 0; i < loop->num_nodes; i++)

        if ((cond = may_unswitch_on (bbs[i], loop, &cinsn)))

          break;

      if (i == loop->num_nodes)

        {

          free (bbs);

          return;

        }

      if (cond != const0_rtx

          && cond != const_true_rtx)

        {

          rcond = reversed_condition (cond);

          if (rcond)

            rcond = canon_condition (rcond);

          /* Check whether the result can be predicted.  */

          for (acond = cond_checked; acond; acond = XEXP (acond, 1))

            simplify_using_condition (XEXP (acond, 0), &cond, NULL);

        }

      if (cond == const_true_rtx)

        {

          /* Remove false path.  */

          e = FALLTHRU_EDGE (bbs[i]);

          remove_path (loops, e);

          free (bbs);

          repeat = 1;

        }

      else if (cond == const0_rtx)

        {

          /* Remove true path.  */

          e = BRANCH_EDGE (bbs[i]);

          remove_path (loops, e);

          free (bbs);

          repeat = 1;

        }

    } while (repeat);

  /* We found the condition we can unswitch on.  */

  conds = alloc_EXPR_LIST (0, cond, cond_checked);

  if (rcond)

    rconds = alloc_EXPR_LIST (0, rcond, cond_checked);

  else

    rconds = cond_checked;

  if (dump_file)

    fprintf (dump_file, ";; Unswitching loop\n");

  /* Unswitch the loop on this condition.  */

  nloop = unswitch_loop (loops, loop, bbs[i], cond, cinsn);

  gcc_assert (nloop);

  /* Invoke itself on modified loops.  */

  unswitch_single_loop (loops, nloop, rconds, num + 1);

  unswitch_single_loop (loops, loop, conds, num + 1);

  free_EXPR_LIST_node (conds);

  if (rcond)

    free_EXPR_LIST_node (rconds);

  free (bbs);

}

/* Unswitch a LOOP w.r. to given basic block UNSWITCH_ON.  We only support

   unswitching of innermost loops.  UNSWITCH_ON must be executed in every

   iteration, i.e. it must dominate LOOP latch.  COND is the condition

   determining which loop is entered.  Returns NULL if impossible, new loop

   otherwise.  The new loop is entered if COND is true.  If CINSN is not

   NULL, it is the insn in that COND is compared.  */

static struct loop *

unswitch_loop (struct loops *loops, struct loop *loop, basic_block unswitch_on,

               rtx cond, rtx cinsn)

{

  edge entry, latch_edge, true_edge, false_edge, e;

  basic_block switch_bb, unswitch_on_alt;

  struct loop *nloop;

  sbitmap zero_bitmap;

  int irred_flag, prob;

  rtx seq;

  /* Some sanity checking.  */

  gcc_assert (flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop, unswitch_on));

  gcc_assert (EDGE_COUNT (unswitch_on->succs) == 2);

  gcc_assert (just_once_each_iteration_p (loop, unswitch_on));

  gcc_assert (!loop->inner);

  gcc_assert (flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop, EDGE_SUCC (unswitch_on, 0)->dest));

  gcc_assert (flow_bb_inside_loop_p (loop, EDGE_SUCC (unswitch_on, 1)->dest));

  entry = loop_preheader_edge (loop);

  /* Make a copy.  */

  irred_flag = entry->flags & EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

  entry->flags &= ~EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

  zero_bitmap = sbitmap_alloc (2);

  sbitmap_zero (zero_bitmap);

  if (!duplicate_loop_to_header_edge (loop, entry, loops, 1,

        zero_bitmap, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0))

    return NULL;

  free (zero_bitmap);

  entry->flags |= irred_flag;

  /* Record the block with condition we unswitch on.  */

  unswitch_on_alt = get_bb_copy (unswitch_on);

  true_edge = BRANCH_EDGE (unswitch_on_alt);

  false_edge = FALLTHRU_EDGE (unswitch_on);

  latch_edge = single_succ_edge (get_bb_copy (loop->latch));

  /* Create a block with the condition.  */

  prob = true_edge->probability;

  switch_bb = create_empty_bb (EXIT_BLOCK_PTR->prev_bb);

  seq = compare_and_jump_seq (XEXP (cond, 0), XEXP (cond, 1), GET_CODE (cond),

                              block_label (true_edge->dest),

                              prob, cinsn);

  emit_insn_after (seq, BB_END (switch_bb));

  e = make_edge (switch_bb, true_edge->dest, 0);

  e->probability = prob;

  e->count = latch_edge->count * prob / REG_BR_PROB_BASE;

  e = make_edge (switch_bb, FALLTHRU_EDGE (unswitch_on)->dest, EDGE_FALLTHRU);

  e->probability = false_edge->probability;

  e->count = latch_edge->count * (false_edge->probability) / REG_BR_PROB_BASE;

  if (irred_flag)

    {

      switch_bb->flags |= BB_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

      EDGE_SUCC (switch_bb, 0)->flags |= EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

      EDGE_SUCC (switch_bb, 1)->flags |= EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

    }

  else

    {

      switch_bb->flags &= ~BB_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

      EDGE_SUCC (switch_bb, 0)->flags &= ~EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

      EDGE_SUCC (switch_bb, 1)->flags &= ~EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;

    }

  /* Loopify from the copy of LOOP body, constructing the new loop.  */

  nloop = loopify (loops, latch_edge,

                   single_pred_edge (get_bb_copy (loop->header)), switch_bb,

                   BRANCH_EDGE (switch_bb), FALLTHRU_EDGE (switch_bb), true);

  /* Remove branches that are now unreachable in new loops.  */

  remove_path (loops, true_edge);

  remove_path (loops, false_edge);

  /* One of created loops do not have to be subloop of the outer loop now,

     so fix its placement in loop data structure.  */

  fix_loop_placement (loop);

  fix_loop_placement (nloop);

  /* Preserve the simple loop preheaders.  */

  loop_split_edge_with (loop_preheader_edge (loop), NULL_RTX);

  loop_split_edge_with (loop_preheader_edge (nloop), NULL_RTX);

  return nloop;

}