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1 14 jlechner
/* System.java -- useful methods to interface with the system
2
   Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005
3
   Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4
 
5
This file is part of GNU Classpath.
6
 
7
GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
10
any later version.
11
 
12
GNU Classpath is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15
General Public License for more details.
16
 
17
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18
along with GNU Classpath; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
19
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
20
02110-1301 USA.
21
 
22
Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is
23
making a combined work based on this library.  Thus, the terms and
24
conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole
25
combination.
26
 
27
As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
28
permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an
29
executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent
30
modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under
31
terms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked
32
independent module, the terms and conditions of the license of that
33
module.  An independent module is a module which is not derived from
34
or based on this library.  If you modify this library, you may extend
35
this exception to your version of the library, but you are not
36
obligated to do so.  If you do not wish to do so, delete this
37
exception statement from your version. */
38
 
39
 
40
package java.lang;
41
 
42
import gnu.classpath.SystemProperties;
43
 
44
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
45
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
46
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
47
import java.io.FileInputStream;
48
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
49
import java.io.InputStream;
50
import java.io.PrintStream;
51
import java.util.Properties;
52
import java.util.PropertyPermission;
53
 
54
/**
55
 * System represents system-wide resources; things that represent the
56
 * general environment.  As such, all methods are static.
57
 *
58
 * @author John Keiser
59
 * @author Eric Blake (ebb9@email.byu.edu)
60
 * @since 1.0
61
 * @status still missing 1.4 functionality
62
 */
63
public final class System
64
{
65
  // WARNING: System is a CORE class in the bootstrap cycle. See the comments
66
  // in vm/reference/java/lang/Runtime for implications of this fact.
67
 
68
  /**
69
   * The standard InputStream. This is assigned at startup and starts its
70
   * life perfectly valid. Although it is marked final, you can change it
71
   * using {@link #setIn(InputStream)} through some hefty VM magic.
72
   *
73
   * <p>This corresponds to the C stdin and C++ cin variables, which
74
   * typically input from the keyboard, but may be used to pipe input from
75
   * other processes or files.  That should all be transparent to you,
76
   * however.
77
   */
78
  public static final InputStream in
79
    = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(FileDescriptor.in));
80
  /**
81
   * The standard output PrintStream.  This is assigned at startup and
82
   * starts its life perfectly valid. Although it is marked final, you can
83
   * change it using {@link #setOut(PrintStream)} through some hefty VM magic.
84
   *
85
   * <p>This corresponds to the C stdout and C++ cout variables, which
86
   * typically output normal messages to the screen, but may be used to pipe
87
   * output to other processes or files.  That should all be transparent to
88
   * you, however.
89
   */
90
  public static final PrintStream out
91
    = new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(FileDescriptor.out)), true);
92
  /**
93
   * The standard output PrintStream.  This is assigned at startup and
94
   * starts its life perfectly valid. Although it is marked final, you can
95
   * change it using {@link #setErr(PrintStream)} through some hefty VM magic.
96
   *
97
   * <p>This corresponds to the C stderr and C++ cerr variables, which
98
   * typically output error messages to the screen, but may be used to pipe
99
   * output to other processes or files.  That should all be transparent to
100
   * you, however.
101
   */
102
  public static final PrintStream err
103
    = new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(FileDescriptor.err)), true);
104
 
105
  /**
106
   * This class is uninstantiable.
107
   */
108
  private System()
109
  {
110
  }
111
 
112
  /**
113
   * Set {@link #in} to a new InputStream. This uses some VM magic to change
114
   * a "final" variable, so naturally there is a security check,
115
   * <code>RuntimePermission("setIO")</code>.
116
   *
117
   * @param in the new InputStream
118
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
119
   * @since 1.1
120
   */
121
  public static void setIn(InputStream in)
122
  {
123
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
124
    if (sm != null)
125
      sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("setIO"));
126
    setIn0(in);
127
  }
128
 
129
  /**
130
   * Set {@link #out} to a new PrintStream. This uses some VM magic to change
131
   * a "final" variable, so naturally there is a security check,
132
   * <code>RuntimePermission("setIO")</code>.
133
   *
134
   * @param out the new PrintStream
135
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
136
   * @since 1.1
137
   */
138
  public static void setOut(PrintStream out)
139
  {
140
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
141
    if (sm != null)
142
      sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("setIO"));
143
 
144
    setOut0(out);
145
  }
146
 
147
  /**
148
   * Set {@link #err} to a new PrintStream. This uses some VM magic to change
149
   * a "final" variable, so naturally there is a security check,
150
   * <code>RuntimePermission("setIO")</code>.
151
   *
152
   * @param err the new PrintStream
153
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
154
   * @since 1.1
155
   */
156
  public static void setErr(PrintStream err)
157
  {
158
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
159
    if (sm != null)
160
      sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("setIO"));
161
    setErr0(err);
162
  }
163
 
164
  /**
165
   * Set the current SecurityManager. If a security manager already exists,
166
   * then <code>RuntimePermission("setSecurityManager")</code> is checked
167
   * first. Since this permission is denied by the default security manager,
168
   * setting the security manager is often an irreversible action.
169
   *
170
   * <STRONG>Spec Note:</STRONG> Don't ask me, I didn't write it.  It looks
171
   * pretty vulnerable; whoever gets to the gate first gets to set the policy.
172
   * There is probably some way to set the original security manager as a
173
   * command line argument to the VM, but I don't know it.
174
   *
175
   * @param sm the new SecurityManager
176
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
177
   */
178
  public static synchronized void setSecurityManager(SecurityManager sm)
179
  {
180
    // Implementation note: the field lives in SecurityManager because of
181
    // bootstrap initialization issues. This method is synchronized so that
182
    // no other thread changes it to null before this thread makes the change.
183
    if (SecurityManager.current != null)
184
      SecurityManager.current.checkPermission
185
        (new RuntimePermission("setSecurityManager"));
186
    SecurityManager.current = sm;
187
  }
188
 
189
  /**
190
   * Get the current SecurityManager. If the SecurityManager has not been
191
   * set yet, then this method returns null.
192
   *
193
   * @return the current SecurityManager, or null
194
   */
195
  public static SecurityManager getSecurityManager()
196
  {
197
    return SecurityManager.current;
198
  }
199
 
200
  /**
201
   * Get the current time, measured in the number of milliseconds from the
202
   * beginning of Jan. 1, 1970. This is gathered from the system clock, with
203
   * any attendant incorrectness (it may be timezone dependent).
204
   *
205
   * @return the current time
206
   * @see java.util.Date
207
   */
208
  public static native long currentTimeMillis();
209
 
210
  /**
211
   * Copy one array onto another from <code>src[srcStart]</code> ...
212
   * <code>src[srcStart+len-1]</code> to <code>dest[destStart]</code> ...
213
   * <code>dest[destStart+len-1]</code>. First, the arguments are validated:
214
   * neither array may be null, they must be of compatible types, and the
215
   * start and length must fit within both arrays. Then the copying starts,
216
   * and proceeds through increasing slots.  If src and dest are the same
217
   * array, this will appear to copy the data to a temporary location first.
218
   * An ArrayStoreException in the middle of copying will leave earlier
219
   * elements copied, but later elements unchanged.
220
   *
221
   * @param src the array to copy elements from
222
   * @param srcStart the starting position in src
223
   * @param dest the array to copy elements to
224
   * @param destStart the starting position in dest
225
   * @param len the number of elements to copy
226
   * @throws NullPointerException if src or dest is null
227
   * @throws ArrayStoreException if src or dest is not an array, if they are
228
   *         not compatible array types, or if an incompatible runtime type
229
   *         is stored in dest
230
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if len is negative, or if the start or
231
   *         end copy position in either array is out of bounds
232
   */
233
  public static native void arraycopy(Object src, int srcStart,
234
                                      Object dest, int destStart, int len);
235
 
236
  /**
237
   * Get a hash code computed by the VM for the Object. This hash code will
238
   * be the same as Object's hashCode() method.  It is usually some
239
   * convolution of the pointer to the Object internal to the VM.  It
240
   * follows standard hash code rules, in that it will remain the same for a
241
   * given Object for the lifetime of that Object.
242
   *
243
   * @param o the Object to get the hash code for
244
   * @return the VM-dependent hash code for this Object
245
   * @since 1.1
246
   */
247
  public static native int identityHashCode(Object o);
248
 
249
  /**
250
   * Get all the system properties at once. A security check may be performed,
251
   * <code>checkPropertiesAccess</code>. Note that a security manager may
252
   * allow getting a single property, but not the entire group.
253
   *
254
   * <p>The required properties include:
255
   * <dl>
256
   * <dt>java.version</dt>         <dd>Java version number</dd>
257
   * <dt>java.vendor</dt>          <dd>Java vendor specific string</dd>
258
   * <dt>java.vendor.url</dt>      <dd>Java vendor URL</dd>
259
   * <dt>java.home</dt>            <dd>Java installation directory</dd>
260
   * <dt>java.vm.specification.version</dt> <dd>VM Spec version</dd>
261
   * <dt>java.vm.specification.vendor</dt>  <dd>VM Spec vendor</dd>
262
   * <dt>java.vm.specification.name</dt>    <dd>VM Spec name</dd>
263
   * <dt>java.vm.version</dt>      <dd>VM implementation version</dd>
264
   * <dt>java.vm.vendor</dt>       <dd>VM implementation vendor</dd>
265
   * <dt>java.vm.name</dt>         <dd>VM implementation name</dd>
266
   * <dt>java.specification.version</dt>    <dd>Java Runtime Environment version</dd>
267
   * <dt>java.specification.vendor</dt>     <dd>Java Runtime Environment vendor</dd>
268
   * <dt>java.specification.name</dt>       <dd>Java Runtime Environment name</dd>
269
   * <dt>java.class.version</dt>   <dd>Java class version number</dd>
270
   * <dt>java.class.path</dt>      <dd>Java classpath</dd>
271
   * <dt>java.library.path</dt>    <dd>Path for finding Java libraries</dd>
272
   * <dt>java.io.tmpdir</dt>       <dd>Default temp file path</dd>
273
   * <dt>java.compiler</dt>        <dd>Name of JIT to use</dd>
274
   * <dt>java.ext.dirs</dt>        <dd>Java extension path</dd>
275
   * <dt>os.name</dt>              <dd>Operating System Name</dd>
276
   * <dt>os.arch</dt>              <dd>Operating System Architecture</dd>
277
   * <dt>os.version</dt>           <dd>Operating System Version</dd>
278
   * <dt>file.separator</dt>       <dd>File separator ("/" on Unix)</dd>
279
   * <dt>path.separator</dt>       <dd>Path separator (":" on Unix)</dd>
280
   * <dt>line.separator</dt>       <dd>Line separator ("\n" on Unix)</dd>
281
   * <dt>user.name</dt>            <dd>User account name</dd>
282
   * <dt>user.home</dt>            <dd>User home directory</dd>
283
   * <dt>user.dir</dt>             <dd>User's current working directory</dd>
284
   * </dl>
285
   *
286
   * In addition, gnu defines several other properties, where ? stands for
287
   * each character in '0' through '9':
288
   * <dl>
289
   * <dt>gnu.classpath.home</dt>         <dd>Path to the classpath libraries.</dd>
290
   * <dt>gnu.classpath.version</dt>      <dd>Version of the classpath libraries.</dd>
291
   * <dt>gnu.classpath.vm.shortname</dt> <dd>Succinct version of the VM name;
292
   *     used for finding property files in file system</dd>
293
   * <dt>gnu.classpath.home.url</dt>     <dd> Base URL; used for finding
294
   *     property files in file system</dd>
295
   * <dt>gnu.cpu.endian</dt>             <dd>big or little</dd>
296
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.ISO-8859-?</dt>   <dd>8859_?</dd>
297
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.iso-8859-?</dt>   <dd>8859_?</dd>
298
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.iso8859_?</dt>    <dd>8859_?</dd>
299
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.iso-latin-_?</dt> <dd>8859_?</dd>
300
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.latin?</dt>       <dd>8859_?</dd>
301
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.UTF-8</dt>        <dd>UTF8</dd>
302
   * <dt>gnu.java.io.encoding_scheme_alias.utf-8</dt>        <dd>UTF8</dd>
303
   * </dl>
304
   *
305
   * @return the system properties, will never be null
306
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
307
   */
308
  public static Properties getProperties()
309
  {
310
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
311
    if (sm != null)
312
      sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
313
    return SystemProperties.getProperties();
314
  }
315
 
316
  /**
317
   * Set all the system properties at once. A security check may be performed,
318
   * <code>checkPropertiesAccess</code>. Note that a security manager may
319
   * allow setting a single property, but not the entire group. An argument
320
   * of null resets the properties to the startup default.
321
   *
322
   * @param properties the new set of system properties
323
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
324
   */
325
  public static void setProperties(Properties properties)
326
  {
327
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
328
    if (sm != null)
329
      sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
330
    SystemProperties.setProperties(properties);
331
  }
332
 
333
  /**
334
   * Get a single system property by name. A security check may be performed,
335
   * <code>checkPropertyAccess(key)</code>.
336
   *
337
   * @param key the name of the system property to get
338
   * @return the property, or null if not found
339
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
340
   * @throws NullPointerException if key is null
341
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if key is ""
342
   */
343
  public static String getProperty(String key)
344
  {
345
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
346
    if (sm != null)
347
      sm.checkPropertyAccess(key);
348
    else if (key.length() == 0)
349
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("key can't be empty");
350
    return SystemProperties.getProperty(key);
351
  }
352
 
353
  /**
354
   * Get a single system property by name. A security check may be performed,
355
   * <code>checkPropertyAccess(key)</code>.
356
   *
357
   * @param key the name of the system property to get
358
   * @param def the default
359
   * @return the property, or def if not found
360
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
361
   * @throws NullPointerException if key is null
362
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if key is ""
363
   */
364
  public static String getProperty(String key, String def)
365
  {
366
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
367
    if (sm != null)
368
      sm.checkPropertyAccess(key);
369
    return SystemProperties.getProperty(key, def);
370
  }
371
 
372
  /**
373
   * Set a single system property by name. A security check may be performed,
374
   * <code>checkPropertyAccess(key, "write")</code>.
375
   *
376
   * @param key the name of the system property to set
377
   * @param value the new value
378
   * @return the previous value, or null
379
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
380
   * @throws NullPointerException if key is null
381
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if key is ""
382
   * @since 1.2
383
   */
384
  public static String setProperty(String key, String value)
385
  {
386
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
387
    if (sm != null)
388
      sm.checkPermission(new PropertyPermission(key, "write"));
389
    return SystemProperties.setProperty(key, value);
390
  }
391
 
392
  /**
393
   * Gets the value of an environment variable.
394
   *
395
   * @param name the name of the environment variable
396
   * @return the string value of the variable or null when the
397
   *         environment variable is not defined.
398
   * @throws NullPointerException
399
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
400
   * @since 1.5
401
   * @specnote This method was deprecated in some JDK releases, but
402
   *           was restored in 1.5.
403
   */
404
  public static String getenv(String name)
405
  {
406
    if (name == null)
407
      throw new NullPointerException();
408
    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current; // Be thread-safe.
409
    if (sm != null)
410
      sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getenv." + name));
411
    return getenv0(name);
412
  }
413
 
414
  /**
415
   * Terminate the Virtual Machine. This just calls
416
   * <code>Runtime.getRuntime().exit(status)</code>, and never returns.
417
   * Obviously, a security check is in order, <code>checkExit</code>.
418
   *
419
   * @param status the exit status; by convention non-zero is abnormal
420
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
421
   * @see Runtime#exit(int)
422
   */
423
  public static void exit(int status)
424
  {
425
    Runtime.getRuntime().exit(status);
426
  }
427
 
428
  /**
429
   * Calls the garbage collector. This is only a hint, and it is up to the
430
   * implementation what this hint suggests, but it usually causes a
431
   * best-effort attempt to reclaim unused memory from discarded objects.
432
   * This calls <code>Runtime.getRuntime().gc()</code>.
433
   *
434
   * @see Runtime#gc()
435
   */
436
  public static void gc()
437
  {
438
    Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
439
  }
440
 
441
  /**
442
   * Runs object finalization on pending objects. This is only a hint, and
443
   * it is up to the implementation what this hint suggests, but it usually
444
   * causes a best-effort attempt to run finalizers on all objects ready
445
   * to be reclaimed. This calls
446
   * <code>Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalization()</code>.
447
   *
448
   * @see Runtime#runFinalization()
449
   */
450
  public static void runFinalization()
451
  {
452
    Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalization();
453
  }
454
 
455
  /**
456
   * Tell the Runtime whether to run finalization before exiting the
457
   * JVM.  This is inherently unsafe in multi-threaded applications,
458
   * since it can force initialization on objects which are still in use
459
   * by live threads, leading to deadlock; therefore this is disabled by
460
   * default. There may be a security check, <code>checkExit(0)</code>. This
461
   * calls <code>Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalizersOnExit()</code>.
462
   *
463
   * @param finalizeOnExit whether to run finalizers on exit
464
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
465
   * @see Runtime#runFinalizersOnExit()
466
   * @since 1.1
467
   * @deprecated never rely on finalizers to do a clean, thread-safe,
468
   *             mop-up from your code
469
   */
470
  public static void runFinalizersOnExit(boolean finalizeOnExit)
471
  {
472
    Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalizersOnExit(finalizeOnExit);
473
  }
474
 
475
  /**
476
   * Load a code file using its explicit system-dependent filename. A security
477
   * check may be performed, <code>checkLink</code>. This just calls
478
   * <code>Runtime.getRuntime().load(filename)</code>.
479
   *
480
   * <p>
481
   * The library is loaded using the class loader associated with the
482
   * class associated with the invoking method.
483
   *
484
   * @param filename the code file to load
485
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
486
   * @throws UnsatisfiedLinkError if the file cannot be loaded
487
   * @see Runtime#load(String)
488
   */
489
  public static void load(String filename)
490
  {
491
    Runtime.getRuntime().load(filename);
492
  }
493
 
494
  /**
495
   * Load a library using its explicit system-dependent filename. A security
496
   * check may be performed, <code>checkLink</code>. This just calls
497
   * <code>Runtime.getRuntime().load(filename)</code>.
498
   *
499
   * <p>
500
   * The library is loaded using the class loader associated with the
501
   * class associated with the invoking method.
502
   *
503
   * @param libname the library file to load
504
   * @throws SecurityException if permission is denied
505
   * @throws UnsatisfiedLinkError if the file cannot be loaded
506
   * @see Runtime#load(String)
507
   */
508
  public static void loadLibrary(String libname)
509
  {
510
    Runtime.getRuntime().loadLibrary(libname);
511
  }
512
 
513
  /**
514
   * Convert a library name to its platform-specific variant.
515
   *
516
   * @param libname the library name, as used in <code>loadLibrary</code>
517
   * @return the platform-specific mangling of the name
518
   * @since 1.2
519
   */
520
  public static String mapLibraryName(String libname)
521
  {
522
    // XXX Fix this!!!!
523
    return Runtime.nativeGetLibname("", libname);
524
  }
525
 
526
  /**
527
   * Set {@link #in} to a new InputStream.
528
   *
529
   * @param in the new InputStream
530
   * @see #setIn(InputStream)
531
   */
532
  private static native void setIn0(InputStream in);
533
 
534
  /**
535
   * Set {@link #out} to a new PrintStream.
536
   *
537
   * @param out the new PrintStream
538
   * @see #setOut(PrintStream)
539
   */
540
  private static native void setOut0(PrintStream out);
541
 
542
  /**
543
   * Set {@link #err} to a new PrintStream.
544
   *
545
   * @param err the new PrintStream
546
   * @see #setErr(PrintStream)
547
   */
548
  private static native void setErr0(PrintStream err);
549
 
550
  /**
551
   * Gets the value of an environment variable.
552
   *
553
   * @see #getenv(String)
554
   */
555
  static native String getenv0(String name);
556
} // class System

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