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marcus.erl |
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Sound Blaster Audigy mixer / default DSP code
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This is based on SB-Live-mixer.txt.
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The EMU10K2 chips have a DSP part which can be programmed to support
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various ways of sample processing, which is described here.
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(This article does not deal with the overall functionality of the
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EMU10K2 chips. See the manuals section for further details.)
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The ALSA driver programs this portion of chip by default code
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(can be altered later) which offers the following functionality:
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1) Digital mixer controls
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-------------------------
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These controls are built using the DSP instructions. They offer extended
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functionality. Only the default build-in code in the ALSA driver is described
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here. Note that the controls work as attenuators: the maximum value is the
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neutral position leaving the signal unchanged. Note that if the same destination
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is mentioned in multiple controls, the signal is accumulated and can be wrapped
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(set to maximal or minimal value without checking of overflow).
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Explanation of used abbreviations:
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DAC - digital to analog converter
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ADC - analog to digital converter
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I2S - one-way three wire serial bus for digital sound by Philips Semiconductors
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(this standard is used for connecting standalone DAC and ADC converters)
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LFE - low frequency effects (subwoofer signal)
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AC97 - a chip containing an analog mixer, DAC and ADC converters
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IEC958 - S/PDIF
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FX-bus - the EMU10K2 chip has an effect bus containing 64 accumulators.
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Each of the synthesizer voices can feed its output to these accumulators
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and the DSP microcontroller can operate with the resulting sum.
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name='PCM Front Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right front PCM FX-bus
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accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 8 and 9 for left and right front PCM
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samples for 5.1 playback. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM
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slots of the Philips DAC.
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name='PCM Surround Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right surround PCM FX-bus
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accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 2 and 3 for left and right surround PCM
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samples for 5.1 playback. The result samples are forwarded to the surround DAC PCM
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slots of the Philips DAC.
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name='PCM Center Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for center PCM FX-bus accumulator.
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ALSA uses accumulator 6 for center PCM sample for 5.1 playback. The result sample
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is forwarded to the center DAC PCM slot of the Philips DAC.
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name='PCM LFE Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate sample for LFE PCM FX-bus accumulator.
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ALSA uses accumulator 7 for LFE PCM sample for 5.1 playback. The result sample
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is forwarded to the LFE DAC PCM slot of the Philips DAC.
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name='PCM Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus
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accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM samples for
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stereo playback. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots
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of the Philips DAC.
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name='PCM Capture Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus
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accumulator. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM.
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The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture
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PCM device).
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name='Music Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right MIDI FX-bus
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accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 4 and 5 for left and right MIDI samples.
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The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec.
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name='Music Capture Volume',index=0
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These controls are used to attenuate samples for left and right MIDI FX-bus
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accumulator. ALSA uses accumulators 4 and 5 for left and right PCM.
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The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture
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PCM device).
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name='Mic Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right Mic input.
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For Mic input is used AC97 codec. The result samples are forwarded to
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the front DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC. Samples are forwarded to Mic
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capture FIFO (device 1 - 16bit/8KHz mono) too without volume control.
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name='Mic Capture Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right Mic input.
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The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture
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PCM device).
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name='Audigy CD Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 TTL
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digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are
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forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC.
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name='Audigy CD Capture Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 TTL
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digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are
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forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
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name='IEC958 Optical Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 optical
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digital input. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots
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of the Philips DAC.
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name='IEC958 Optical Capture Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 optical
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digital inputs. The result samples are forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO
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(thus to the standard capture PCM device).
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name='Line2 Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
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inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the front
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DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC.
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name='Line2 Capture Volume',index=1
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
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inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the ADC
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capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
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name='Analog Mix Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
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inputs from Philips ADC. The result samples are forwarded to the front
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DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC. This contains mix from analog sources
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like CD, Line In, Aux, ....
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name='Analog Mix Capture Volume',index=1
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
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inputs Philips ADC. The result samples are forwarded to the ADC
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capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
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name='Aux2 Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
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inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the front
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DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC.
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name='Aux2 Capture Volume',index=1
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This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
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inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the ADC
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capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
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name='Front Playback Volume',index=0
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All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right front speakers of
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this mix.
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name='Surround Playback Volume',index=0
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All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
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This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right surround speakers of
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this mix.
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name='Center Playback Volume',index=0
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All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
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This control is used to attenuate sample for center speaker of this mix.
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name='LFE Playback Volume',index=0
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All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
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This control is used to attenuate sample for LFE speaker of this mix.
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name='Tone Control - Switch',index=0
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This control turns the tone control on or off. The samples for front, rear
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and center / LFE outputs are affected.
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name='Tone Control - Bass',index=0
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This control sets the bass intensity. There is no neutral value!!
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When the tone control code is activated, the samples are always modified.
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The closest value to pure signal is 20.
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name='Tone Control - Treble',index=0
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This control sets the treble intensity. There is no neutral value!!
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When the tone control code is activated, the samples are always modified.
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The closest value to pure signal is 20.
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name='Master Playback Volume',index=0
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This control is used to attenuate samples for front, surround, center and
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LFE outputs.
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name='IEC958 Optical Raw Playback Switch',index=0
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If this switch is on, then the samples for the IEC958 (S/PDIF) digital
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output are taken only from the raw FX8010 PCM, otherwise standard front
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PCM samples are taken.
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2) PCM stream related controls
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------------------------------
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name='EMU10K1 PCM Volume',index 0-31
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Channel volume attenuation in range 0-0xffff. The maximum value (no
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attenuation) is default. The channel mapping for three values is
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as follows:
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1 - left, default 0xffff (no attenuation)
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2 - right, default 0xffff (no attenuation)
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name='EMU10K1 PCM Send Routing',index 0-31
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This control specifies the destination - FX-bus accumulators. There 24
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values with this mapping:
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1 - mono, B destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 1
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2 - mono, C destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 2
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3 - mono, D destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 3
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4 - mono, E destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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5 - mono, F destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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6 - mono, G destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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7 - mono, H destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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8 - left, A destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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9 - left, B destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 1
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10 - left, C destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 2
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11 - left, D destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 3
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12 - left, E destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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13 - left, F destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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14 - left, G destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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15 - left, H destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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16 - right, A destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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17 - right, B destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 1
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18 - right, C destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 2
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19 - right, D destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 3
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20 - right, E destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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21 - right, F destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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22 - right, G destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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23 - right, H destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
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Don't forget that it's illegal to assign a channel to the same FX-bus accumulator
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more than once (it means 0=0 && 1=0 is an invalid combination).
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name='EMU10K1 PCM Send Volume',index 0-31
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It specifies the attenuation (amount) for given destination in range 0-255.
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The channel mapping is following:
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1 - mono, B destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
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2 - mono, C destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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3 - mono, D destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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4 - mono, E destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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5 - mono, F destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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6 - mono, G destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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7 - mono, H destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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8 - left, A destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
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9 - left, B destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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10 - left, C destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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11 - left, D destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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12 - left, E destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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13 - left, F destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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14 - left, G destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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15 - left, H destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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16 - right, A destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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17 - right, B destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
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18 - right, C destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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19 - right, D destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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20 - right, E destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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21 - right, F destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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22 - right, G destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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23 - right, H destination attn, default 0 (mute)
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4) MANUALS/PATENTS:
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-------------------
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ftp://opensource.creative.com/pub/doc
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-------------------------------------
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Files:
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LM4545.pdf AC97 Codec
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m2049.pdf The EMU10K1 Digital Audio Processor
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hog63.ps FX8010 - A DSP Chip Architecture for Audio Effects
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WIPO Patents
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------------
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Patent numbers:
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WO 9901813 (A1) Audio Effects Processor with multiple asynchronous (Jan. 14, 1999)
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streams
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WO 9901814 (A1) Processor with Instruction Set for Audio Effects (Jan. 14, 1999)
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WO 9901953 (A1) Audio Effects Processor having Decoupled Instruction
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Execution and Audio Data Sequencing (Jan. 14, 1999)
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US Patents (http://www.uspto.gov/)
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----------------------------------
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US 5925841 Digital Sampling Instrument employing cache memory (Jul. 20, 1999)
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US 5928342 Audio Effects Processor integrated on a single chip (Jul. 27, 1999)
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with a multiport memory onto which multiple asynchronous
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digital sound samples can be concurrently loaded
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US 5930158 Processor with Instruction Set for Audio Effects (Jul. 27, 1999)
|
| 332 |
|
|
|
| 333 |
|
|
US 6032235 Memory initialization circuit (Tram) (Feb. 29, 2000)
|
| 334 |
|
|
|
| 335 |
|
|
US 6138207 Interpolation looping of audio samples in cache connected to (Oct. 24, 2000)
|
| 336 |
|
|
system bus with prioritization and modification of bus transfers
|
| 337 |
|
|
in accordance with loop ends and minimum block sizes
|
| 338 |
|
|
|
| 339 |
|
|
US 6151670 Method for conserving memory storage using a (Nov. 21, 2000)
|
| 340 |
|
|
pool of short term memory registers
|
| 341 |
|
|
|
| 342 |
|
|
US 6195715 Interrupt control for multiple programs communicating with (Feb. 27, 2001)
|
| 343 |
|
|
a common interrupt by associating programs to GP registers,
|
| 344 |
|
|
defining interrupt register, polling GP registers, and invoking
|
| 345 |
|
|
callback routine associated with defined interrupt register
|
