Subversion Repositories neorv32

-- #################################################################################################

-- # << NEORV32 - Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter (UART) >>                        #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # Frame configuration: 1 start bit, 8 bit data, optional parity bit (even/odd), 1 stop bit,     #

-- # programmable BAUD rate via clock pre-scaler and BAUD value config register.                   #

-- # Interrupt: UART_RX_available or UART_TX_done                                                  #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # SIMULATION:                                                                                   #

-- # When the simulation mode is enabled (setting the ctrl.ctrl_uart_sim_en_c bit) any write       #

-- # access to the TX register will not trigger any UART activity. Instead, the written data is    #

-- # output to the simulation environment. The lowest 8 bits of the written data are printed as    #

-- # ASCII char to the simulator console. This char is also stored to a text file                  #

-- # "neorv32.uart.sim_mode.text.out". The full 32-bit write data is also stored as 8-hex char     #

-- # encoded value to text file "neorv32.uart.sim_mode.data.out".                                  #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # BSD 3-Clause License                                                                          #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                                     #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are          #

-- # permitted provided that the following conditions are met:                                     #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of        #

-- #    conditions and the following disclaimer.                                                   #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of     #

-- #    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials        #

-- #    provided with the distribution.                                                            #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to  #

-- #    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written      #

-- #    permission.                                                                                #

-- #                                                                                               #

-- # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS   #

-- # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF               #

-- # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE    #

-- # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,     #

-- # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #

-- # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED    #

-- # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING     #

-- # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  #

-- # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.                                                            #

-- # ********************************************************************************************* #

-- # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              (c) Stephan Nolting #

-- #################################################################################################

library ieee;

use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

use ieee.numeric_std.all;

library neorv32;

use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;

use std.textio.all; -- obviously only for simulation

entity neorv32_uart is

  port (

    -- host access --

    clk_i       : in  std_ulogic; -- global clock line

    addr_i      : in  std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- address

    rden_i      : in  std_ulogic; -- read enable

    wren_i      : in  std_ulogic; -- write enable

    data_i      : in  std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- data in

    data_o      : out std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- data out

    ack_o       : out std_ulogic; -- transfer acknowledge

    -- clock generator --

    clkgen_en_o : out std_ulogic; -- enable clock generator

    clkgen_i    : in  std_ulogic_vector(07 downto 0);

    -- com lines --

    uart_txd_o  : out std_ulogic;

    uart_rxd_i  : in  std_ulogic;

    -- interrupts --

    irq_rxd_o   : out std_ulogic; -- uart data received interrupt

    irq_txd_o   : out std_ulogic  -- uart transmission done interrupt

  );

end neorv32_uart;

architecture neorv32_uart_rtl of neorv32_uart is

  -- simulation output configuration --

  constant sim_screen_output_en_c : boolean := true; -- output lowest byte as char to simulator console when enabled

  constant sim_text_output_en_c   : boolean := true; -- output lowest byte as char to text file when enabled

  constant sim_data_output_en_c   : boolean := true; -- dump 32-word to file when enabled

  -- IO space: module base address --

  constant hi_abb_c : natural := index_size_f(io_size_c)-1; -- high address boundary bit

  constant lo_abb_c : natural := index_size_f(uart_size_c); -- low address boundary bit

  -- accessible regs --

  signal ctrl : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);

  -- control reg bits --

  constant ctrl_uart_baud00_c  : natural :=  0; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 0

  constant ctrl_uart_baud01_c  : natural :=  1; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 1

  constant ctrl_uart_baud02_c  : natural :=  2; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 2

  constant ctrl_uart_baud03_c  : natural :=  3; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 3

  constant ctrl_uart_baud04_c  : natural :=  4; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 4

  constant ctrl_uart_baud05_c  : natural :=  5; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 5

  constant ctrl_uart_baud06_c  : natural :=  6; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 6

  constant ctrl_uart_baud07_c  : natural :=  7; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 7

  --

  constant ctrl_uart_baud08_c  : natural :=  8; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 8

  constant ctrl_uart_baud09_c  : natural :=  9; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 9

  constant ctrl_uart_baud10_c  : natural := 10; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 10

  constant ctrl_uart_baud11_c  : natural := 11; -- r/w: UART baud config bit 11

  --

  constant ctrl_uart_sim_en_c  : natural := 12; -- r/w: UART SIMULATION OUTPUT enable

  --

  constant ctrl_uart_pmode0_c  : natural := 22; -- r/w: Parity config (0=even; 1=odd)

  constant ctrl_uart_pmode1_c  : natural := 23; -- r/w: Enable parity bit

  constant ctrl_uart_prsc0_c   : natural := 24; -- r/w: UART baud prsc bit 0

  constant ctrl_uart_prsc1_c   : natural := 25; -- r/w: UART baud prsc bit 1

  constant ctrl_uart_prsc2_c   : natural := 26; -- r/w: UART baud prsc bit 2

  --

  constant ctrl_uart_en_c      : natural := 28; -- r/w: UART enable

  constant ctrl_uart_tx_busy_c : natural := 31; -- r/-: UART transmitter is busy

  -- data register flags --

  constant data_rx_avail_c : natural := 31; -- r/-: Rx data available

  constant data_rx_overr_c : natural := 30; -- r/-: Rx data overrun

  constant data_rx_ferr_c  : natural := 29; -- r/-: Rx frame error

  constant data_rx_perr_c  : natural := 28; -- r/-: Rx parity error

  -- access control --

  signal acc_en : std_ulogic; -- module access enable

  signal addr   : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- access address

  signal wr_en  : std_ulogic; -- word write enable

  signal rd_en  : std_ulogic; -- read enable

  -- clock generator --

  signal uart_clk : std_ulogic;

  -- numbers of bits in transmission frame --

  signal num_bits : std_ulogic_vector(03 downto 0);

  -- uart tx unit --

  type uart_tx_t is record

    busy     : std_ulogic;

    done     : std_ulogic;

    bitcnt   : std_ulogic_vector(03 downto 0);

    sreg     : std_ulogic_vector(10 downto 0);

    baud_cnt : std_ulogic_vector(11 downto 0);

  end record;

  signal uart_tx : uart_tx_t;

  -- uart rx unit --

  type uart_rx_t is record

    sync     : std_ulogic_vector(04 downto 0);

    avail    : std_ulogic_vector(01 downto 0);

    busy     : std_ulogic;

    busy_ff  : std_ulogic;

    bitcnt   : std_ulogic_vector(03 downto 0);

    sreg     : std_ulogic_vector(09 downto 0);

    data     : std_ulogic_vector(07 downto 0);

    baud_cnt : std_ulogic_vector(11 downto 0);

    ferr     : std_ulogic; -- frame error (stop bit not set)

    perr     : std_ulogic; -- parity error

  end record;

  signal uart_rx : uart_rx_t;

begin

  -- Access Control -------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  acc_en <= '1' when (addr_i(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c) = uart_base_c(hi_abb_c downto lo_abb_c)) else '0';

  addr   <= uart_base_c(31 downto lo_abb_c) & addr_i(lo_abb_c-1 downto 2) & "00"; -- word aligned

  wr_en  <= acc_en and wren_i;

  rd_en  <= acc_en and rden_i;

  -- Read/Write Access ----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  rw_access: process(clk_i)

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      ack_o <= acc_en and (rden_i or wren_i);

      -- write access --

      if (wr_en = '1') then

        if (addr = uart_ctrl_addr_c) then

          ctrl <= (others => '0');

          ctrl(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c) <= data_i(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c);

          ctrl(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c)                           <= data_i(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c);

          ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c downto ctrl_uart_pmode0_c) <= data_i(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c downto ctrl_uart_pmode0_c);

          ctrl(ctrl_uart_prsc2_c  downto ctrl_uart_prsc0_c)  <= data_i(ctrl_uart_prsc2_c  downto ctrl_uart_prsc0_c);

          ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c)                               <= data_i(ctrl_uart_en_c);

        end if;

      end if;

      -- read access --

      data_o <= (others => '0');

      if (rd_en = '1') then

        if (addr = uart_ctrl_addr_c) then

          data_o(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c) <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c);

          data_o(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c)                           <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c);

          data_o(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c downto ctrl_uart_pmode0_c) <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c downto ctrl_uart_pmode0_c);

          data_o(ctrl_uart_prsc2_c  downto ctrl_uart_prsc0_c)  <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_prsc2_c  downto ctrl_uart_prsc0_c);

          data_o(ctrl_uart_en_c)                               <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c);

          data_o(ctrl_uart_tx_busy_c)                          <= uart_tx.busy;

        else -- uart_rtx_addr_c

          data_o(data_rx_avail_c) <= uart_rx.avail(0);

          data_o(data_rx_overr_c) <= uart_rx.avail(0) and uart_rx.avail(1);

          data_o(data_rx_ferr_c)  <= uart_rx.ferr;

          data_o(data_rx_perr_c)  <= uart_rx.perr;

          data_o(07 downto 0)     <= uart_rx.data;

        end if;

      end if;

    end if;

  end process rw_access;

  -- number of bits to be sampled --

  -- if parity flag is ENABLED:  11 bit (1 start bit + 8 data bits + 1 parity bit + 1 stop bit)

  -- if parity flag is DISABLED: 10 bit (1 start bit + 8 data bits + 1 stop bit)

  num_bits <= "1011" when (ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c) = '1') else "1010";

  -- Clock Selection ------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- clock enable --

  clkgen_en_o <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c);

  -- uart clock select --

  uart_clk <= clkgen_i(to_integer(unsigned(ctrl(ctrl_uart_prsc2_c downto ctrl_uart_prsc0_c))));

  -- UART Transmitter -----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  uart_tx_unit: process(clk_i)

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      -- serial engine --

      uart_tx.done <= '0';

      if (uart_tx.busy = '0') or (ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c) = '0') or (ctrl(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c) = '1') then -- idle or disabled or in SIM mode

        uart_tx.busy     <= '0';

        uart_tx.baud_cnt <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c);

        uart_tx.bitcnt   <= num_bits;

        uart_tx.sreg(0)  <= '1';

        if (wr_en = '1') and (ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c) = '1') and (addr = uart_rtx_addr_c) and (ctrl(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c) = '0') then -- write trigger and not in SIM mode

          if (ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c) = '1') then -- add parity flag

            uart_tx.sreg <= '1' & (xor_all_f(data_i(7 downto 0)) xor ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode0_c)) & data_i(7 downto 0) & '0'; -- stopbit & parity bit & data & startbit

          else

            uart_tx.sreg <= '1' & '1' & data_i(7 downto 0) & '0'; -- (dummy fill-bit &) stopbit & data & startbit

          end if;

          uart_tx.busy <= '1';

        end if;

      elsif (uart_clk = '1') then

        if (uart_tx.baud_cnt = x"000") then

          uart_tx.baud_cnt <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c);

          uart_tx.bitcnt   <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(uart_tx.bitcnt) - 1);

          uart_tx.sreg     <= '1' & uart_tx.sreg(uart_tx.sreg'left downto 1);

        else

          uart_tx.baud_cnt <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(uart_tx.baud_cnt) - 1);

        end if;

        if (uart_tx.bitcnt = "0000") then

          uart_tx.busy <= '0'; -- done

          uart_tx.done <= '1';

        end if;

      end if;

      -- transmitter output --

      uart_txd_o <= uart_tx.sreg(0);

    end if;

  end process uart_tx_unit;

  -- UART Receiver --------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  uart_rx_unit: process(clk_i)

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      -- input synchronizer --

      uart_rx.sync <= uart_rxd_i & uart_rx.sync(4 downto 1);

      -- serial engine --

      if (uart_rx.busy = '0') or (ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c) = '0') then -- idle or disabled

        uart_rx.busy     <= '0';

        uart_rx.baud_cnt <= '0' & ctrl(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud01_c); -- half baud delay at the beginning to sample in the middle of each bit

        uart_rx.bitcnt   <= num_bits;

        if (ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c) = '0') then -- to ensure defined state when reading

          uart_rx.perr <= '0';

          uart_rx.ferr <= '0';

          uart_rx.data <= (others => '0');

        elsif (uart_rx.sync(2 downto 0) = "001") then -- start bit? (falling edge)

          uart_rx.busy <= '1';

        end if;

      elsif (uart_clk = '1') then

        if (uart_rx.baud_cnt = x"000") then

          uart_rx.baud_cnt <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_baud11_c downto ctrl_uart_baud00_c);

          uart_rx.bitcnt   <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(uart_rx.bitcnt) - 1);

          uart_rx.sreg     <= uart_rx.sync(0) & uart_rx.sreg(uart_rx.sreg'left downto 1);

        else

          uart_rx.baud_cnt <= std_ulogic_vector(unsigned(uart_rx.baud_cnt) - 1);

        end if;

        if (uart_rx.bitcnt = "0000") then

          uart_rx.busy <= '0'; -- done

          uart_rx.perr <= ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c) and (xor_all_f(uart_rx.sreg(8 downto 0)) xor ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode0_c));

          uart_rx.ferr <= not uart_rx.sreg(9); -- check stop bit (error if not set)

          if (ctrl(ctrl_uart_pmode1_c) = '1') then -- add parity flag

            uart_rx.data <= uart_rx.sreg(7 downto 0);

          else

            uart_rx.data <= uart_rx.sreg(8 downto 1);

          end if;

        end if;

      end if;

      -- RX available flag --

      uart_rx.busy_ff <= uart_rx.busy;

      if (ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c) = '0') or (((uart_rx.avail(0) = '1') or (uart_rx.avail(1) = '1')) and (rd_en = '1') and (addr = uart_rtx_addr_c)) then -- off/RX read access

        uart_rx.avail <= "00";

      elsif (uart_rx.busy_ff = '1') and (uart_rx.busy = '0') then -- RX done

        uart_rx.avail <= uart_rx.avail(0) & '1';

      end if;

    end if;

  end process uart_rx_unit;

  -- Interrupt ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- UART Rx data available

  irq_rxd_o <= uart_rx.busy_ff and (not uart_rx.busy);

  -- UART Tx complete

  irq_txd_o <= uart_tx.done;

  -- SIMULATION Output ----------------------------------------------------------------------

  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  sim_output: process(clk_i) -- for SIMULATION ONLY!

    file file_devnull_text_out : text open write_mode is "neorv32.uart.sim_mode.text.out";

    file file_devnull_data_out : text open write_mode is "neorv32.uart.sim_mode.data.out";

    variable char_v            : integer;

    variable line_screen_v     : line; -- we need several line variables here since "writeline" seems to flush the source variable

    variable line_text_v       : line;

    variable line_data_v       : line;

  begin

    if rising_edge(clk_i) then

      if (ctrl(ctrl_uart_en_c) = '1') and (ctrl(ctrl_uart_sim_en_c) = '1') then -- UART enabled and simulation output selected?

        if (wr_en = '1') and (addr = uart_rtx_addr_c) then -- write access to tx register

          -- print lowest byte to ASCII char --

          char_v := to_integer(unsigned(data_i(7 downto 0)));

          if (char_v >= 128) then -- out of range?

            char_v := 0;

          end if;

          if (char_v /= 10) and (char_v /= 13) then -- skip line breaks - they are issued via "writeline"

            if (sim_screen_output_en_c = true) then

              write(line_screen_v, character'val(char_v));

            end if;

            if (sim_text_output_en_c = true) then

              write(line_text_v, character'val(char_v));

            end if;

          end if;

          if (char_v = 10) then -- line break: write to screen and text file

            if (sim_screen_output_en_c = true) then

              writeline(output, line_screen_v);

            end if;

            if (sim_text_output_en_c = true) then

              writeline(file_devnull_text_out, line_text_v);

            end if;

          end if;

          -- dump raw data as 8 hex char text to file --

          if (sim_data_output_en_c = true) then

            for x in 7 downto 0 loop

              write(line_data_v, to_hexchar_f(data_i(3+x*4 downto 0+x*4))); -- write in hex form

            end loop; -- x

            writeline(file_devnull_data_out, line_data_v);

          end if;

        end if;

      end if;

    end if;

  end process sim_output;

end neorv32_uart_rtl;