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/* Helper code for POSIX timer implementation on LinuxThreads.

   Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This file is part of the GNU C Library.

   Contributed by Kaz Kylheku <kaz@ashi.footprints.net>.

   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

   modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as

   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the

   License, or (at your option) any later version.

   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

   Library General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public

   License along with the GNU C Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not,

   write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,

   Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */

#include <assert.h>

#include <errno.h>

#include <pthread.h>

#include <stddef.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include <sysdep.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/syscall.h>

#include "posix-timer.h"

/* Number of threads used.  */

#define THREAD_MAXNODES 16

/* Array containing the descriptors for the used threads.  */

static struct thread_node thread_array[THREAD_MAXNODES];

/* Static array with the structures for all the timers.  */

struct timer_node __timer_array[TIMER_MAX];

/* Global lock to protect operation on the lists.  */

pthread_mutex_t __timer_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

/* Variable to protext initialization.  */

pthread_once_t __timer_init_once_control = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;

/* Nonzero if initialization of timer implementation failed.  */

int __timer_init_failed;

/* Node for the thread used to deliver signals.  */

struct thread_node __timer_signal_thread_rclk;

#ifdef _POSIX_CPUTIME

struct thread_node __timer_signal_thread_pclk;

#endif

#ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME

struct thread_node __timer_signal_thread_tclk;

#endif

/* Lists to keep free and used timers and threads.  */

struct list_links timer_free_list;

struct list_links thread_free_list;

struct list_links thread_active_list;

#ifdef __NR_rt_sigqueueinfo

extern int __syscall_rt_sigqueueinfo (int, int, siginfo_t *);

#endif

/* List handling functions.  */

static inline void

list_init (struct list_links *list)

{

  list->next = list->prev = list;

}

static inline void

list_append (struct list_links *list, struct list_links *newp)

{

  newp->prev = list->prev;

  newp->next = list;

  list->prev->next = newp;

  list->prev = newp;

}

static inline void

list_insbefore (struct list_links *list, struct list_links *newp)

{

  list_append (list, newp);

}

/*

 * Like list_unlink_ip, except that calling it on a node that

 * is already unlinked is disastrous rather than a noop.

 */

static inline void

list_unlink (struct list_links *list)

{

  struct list_links *lnext = list->next, *lprev = list->prev;

  lnext->prev = lprev;

  lprev->next = lnext;

}

static inline struct list_links *

list_first (struct list_links *list)

{

  return list->next;

}

static inline struct list_links *

list_null (struct list_links *list)

{

  return list;

}

static inline struct list_links *

list_next (struct list_links *list)

{

  return list->next;

}

static inline int

list_isempty (struct list_links *list)

{

  return list->next == list;

}

/* Functions build on top of the list functions.  */

static inline struct thread_node *

thread_links2ptr (struct list_links *list)

{

  return (struct thread_node *) ((char *) list

                                 - offsetof (struct thread_node, links));

}

static inline struct timer_node *

timer_links2ptr (struct list_links *list)

{

  return (struct timer_node *) ((char *) list

                                - offsetof (struct timer_node, links));

}

/* Initialize a newly allocated thread structure.  */

static void

thread_init (struct thread_node *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr, clockid_t clock_id)

{

  if (attr != NULL)

    thread->attr = *attr;

  else

    {

      pthread_attr_init (&thread->attr);

      pthread_attr_setdetachstate (&thread->attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);

    }

  thread->exists = 0;

  list_init (&thread->timer_queue);

  pthread_cond_init (&thread->cond, 0);

  thread->current_timer = 0;

  thread->captured = pthread_self ();

  thread->clock_id = clock_id;

}

/* Initialize the global lists, and acquire global resources.  Error

   reporting is done by storing a non-zero value to the global variable

   timer_init_failed.  */

static void

init_module (void)

{

  int i;

  list_init (&timer_free_list);

  list_init (&thread_free_list);

  list_init (&thread_active_list);

  for (i = 0; i < TIMER_MAX; ++i)

    {

      list_append (&timer_free_list, &__timer_array[i].links);

      __timer_array[i].inuse = TIMER_FREE;

    }

  for (i = 0; i < THREAD_MAXNODES; ++i)

    list_append (&thread_free_list, &thread_array[i].links);

  thread_init (&__timer_signal_thread_rclk, 0, CLOCK_REALTIME);

#ifdef _POSIX_CPUTIME

  thread_init (&__timer_signal_thread_pclk, 0, CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID);

#endif

#ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME

  thread_init (&__timer_signal_thread_tclk, 0, CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID);

#endif

}

/* This is a handler executed in a child process after a fork()

   occurs.  It reinitializes the module, resetting all of the data

   structures to their initial state.  The mutex is initialized in

   case it was locked in the parent process.  */

static void

reinit_after_fork (void)

{

  init_module ();

  pthread_mutex_init (&__timer_mutex, 0);

}

/* Called once form pthread_once in timer_init. This initializes the

   module and ensures that reinit_after_fork will be executed in any

   child process.  */

void

__timer_init_once (void)

{

  init_module ();

#if !defined(_ELIX_LEVEL) || _ELIX_LEVEL >= 3

  pthread_atfork (0, 0, reinit_after_fork);

#endif

}

/* Deinitialize a thread that is about to be deallocated.  */

static void

thread_deinit (struct thread_node *thread)

{

  assert (list_isempty (&thread->timer_queue));

  pthread_cond_destroy (&thread->cond);

}

/* Allocate a thread structure from the global free list.  Global

   mutex lock must be held by caller.  The thread is moved to

   the active list. */

struct thread_node *

__timer_thread_alloc (const pthread_attr_t *desired_attr, clockid_t clock_id)

{

  struct list_links *node = list_first (&thread_free_list);

  if (node != list_null (&thread_free_list))

    {

      struct thread_node *thread = thread_links2ptr (node);

      list_unlink (node);

      thread_init (thread, desired_attr, clock_id);

      list_append (&thread_active_list, node);

      return thread;

    }

  return 0;

}

/* Return a thread structure to the global free list.  Global lock

   must be held by caller.  */

void

__timer_thread_dealloc (struct thread_node *thread)

{

  thread_deinit (thread);

  list_unlink (&thread->links);

  list_append (&thread_free_list, &thread->links);

}

/* Each of our threads which terminates executes this cleanup

   handler. We never terminate threads ourselves; if a thread gets here

   it means that the evil application has killed it.  If the thread has

   timers, these require servicing and so we must hire a replacement

   thread right away.  We must also unblock another thread that may

   have been waiting for this thread to finish servicing a timer (see

   timer_delete()).  */

static void

thread_cleanup (void *val)

{

  if (val != NULL)

    {

      struct thread_node *thread = val;

      /* How did the signal thread get killed?  */

      assert (thread != &__timer_signal_thread_rclk);

#ifdef _POSIX_CPUTIME

      assert (thread != &__timer_signal_thread_pclk);

#endif

#ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME

      assert (thread != &__timer_signal_thread_tclk);

#endif

      pthread_mutex_lock (&__timer_mutex);

      thread->exists = 0;

      /* We are no longer processing a timer event.  */

      thread->current_timer = 0;

      if (list_isempty (&thread->timer_queue))

          __timer_thread_dealloc (thread);

      else

        (void) __timer_thread_start (thread);

      pthread_mutex_unlock (&__timer_mutex);

      /* Unblock potentially blocked timer_delete().  */

      pthread_cond_broadcast (&thread->cond);

    }

}

/* Handle a timer which is supposed to go off now.  */

static void

thread_expire_timer (struct thread_node *self, struct timer_node *timer)

{

  self->current_timer = timer; /* Lets timer_delete know timer is running. */

  pthread_mutex_unlock (&__timer_mutex);

  switch (__builtin_expect (timer->event.sigev_notify, SIGEV_SIGNAL))

    {

    case SIGEV_NONE:

      assert (! "timer_create should never have created such a timer");

      break;

    case SIGEV_SIGNAL:

#ifdef __NR_rt_sigqueueinfo

      {

        siginfo_t info;

        /* First, clear the siginfo_t structure, so that we don't pass our

           stack content to other tasks.  */

        memset (&info, 0, sizeof (siginfo_t));

        /* We must pass the information about the data in a siginfo_t

           value.  */

        info.si_signo = timer->event.sigev_signo;

        info.si_code = SI_TIMER;

        info.si_pid = timer->creator_pid;

        info.si_uid = getuid ();

        info.si_value = timer->event.sigev_value;

        INLINE_SYSCALL (rt_sigqueueinfo, 3, info.si_pid, info.si_signo, &info);

      }

#else

      if (pthread_kill (self->captured, timer->event.sigev_signo) != 0)

        {

          if (pthread_kill (self->id, timer->event.sigev_signo) != 0)

            abort ();

        }

#endif

      break;

    case SIGEV_THREAD:

      timer->event.sigev_notify_function (timer->event.sigev_value);

      break;

    default:

      assert (! "unknown event");

      break;

    }

  pthread_mutex_lock (&__timer_mutex);

  self->current_timer = 0;

  pthread_cond_broadcast (&self->cond);

}

/* Thread function; executed by each timer thread. The job of this

   function is to wait on the thread's timer queue and expire the

   timers in chronological order as close to their scheduled time as

   possible.  */

static void *

__attribute__ ((noreturn))

thread_func (void *arg)

{

  struct thread_node *self = arg;

  /* Register cleanup handler, in case rogue application terminates

     this thread.  (This cannot happen to __timer_signal_thread, which

     doesn't invoke application callbacks). */

  pthread_cleanup_push (thread_cleanup, self);

  pthread_mutex_lock (&__timer_mutex);

  while (1)

    {

      struct list_links *first;

      struct timer_node *timer = NULL;

      /* While the timer queue is not empty, inspect the first node.  */

      first = list_first (&self->timer_queue);

      if (first != list_null (&self->timer_queue))

        {

          struct timespec now;

          timer = timer_links2ptr (first);

          /* This assumes that the elements of the list of one thread

             are all for the same clock.  */

          clock_gettime (timer->clock, &now);

          while (1)

            {

              /* If the timer is due or overdue, remove it from the queue.

                 If it's a periodic timer, re-compute its new time and

                 requeue it.  Either way, perform the timer expiry. */

              if (timespec_compare (&now, &timer->expirytime) < 0)

                break;

              list_unlink_ip (first);

              if (__builtin_expect (timer->value.it_interval.tv_sec, 0) != 0

                  || timer->value.it_interval.tv_nsec != 0)

                {

                  timespec_add (&timer->expirytime, &now,

                                &timer->value.it_interval);

                  __timer_thread_queue_timer (self, timer);

                }

              thread_expire_timer (self, timer);

              first = list_first (&self->timer_queue);

              if (first == list_null (&self->timer_queue))

                break;

              timer = timer_links2ptr (first);

            }

        }

      /* If the queue is not empty, wait until the expiry time of the

         first node.  Otherwise wait indefinitely.  Insertions at the

         head of the queue must wake up the thread by broadcasting

         this condition variable.  */

      if (timer != NULL)

        pthread_cond_timedwait (&self->cond, &__timer_mutex,

                                &timer->expirytime);

      else

        pthread_cond_wait (&self->cond, &__timer_mutex);

    }

  /* This macro will never be executed since the while loop loops

     forever - but we have to add it for proper nesting.  */

  pthread_cleanup_pop (1);

}

/* Enqueue a timer in wakeup order in the thread's timer queue.

   Returns 1 if the timer was inserted at the head of the queue,

   causing the queue's next wakeup time to change. */

int

__timer_thread_queue_timer (struct thread_node *thread,

                            struct timer_node *insert)

{

  struct list_links *iter;

  int athead = 1;

  for (iter = list_first (&thread->timer_queue);

       iter != list_null (&thread->timer_queue);

        iter = list_next (iter))

    {

      struct timer_node *timer = timer_links2ptr (iter);

      if (timespec_compare (&insert->expirytime, &timer->expirytime) < 0)

          break;

      athead = 0;

    }

  list_insbefore (iter, &insert->links);

  return athead;

}

/* Start a thread and associate it with the given thread node.  Global

   lock must be held by caller.  */

int

__timer_thread_start (struct thread_node *thread)

{

  int retval = 1;

  assert (!thread->exists);

  thread->exists = 1;

  if (pthread_create (&thread->id, &thread->attr, thread_func, thread) != 0)

    {

      thread->exists = 0;

      retval = -1;

    }

  return retval;

}

void

__timer_thread_wakeup (struct thread_node *thread)

{

  pthread_cond_broadcast (&thread->cond);

}

/* Compare two pthread_attr_t thread attributes for exact equality.

   Returns 1 if they are equal, otherwise zero if they are not equal or

   contain illegal values.  This version is LinuxThreads-specific for

   performance reason.  One could use the access functions to get the

   values of all the fields of the attribute structure.  */

static int

thread_attr_compare (const pthread_attr_t *left, const pthread_attr_t *right)

{

  return (left->__detachstate == right->__detachstate

          && left->__schedpolicy == right->__schedpolicy

          && (left->__schedparam.sched_priority

              == right->__schedparam.sched_priority)

          && left->__inheritsched == right->__inheritsched

          && left->__scope == right->__scope);

}

/* Search the list of active threads and find one which has matching

   attributes.  Global mutex lock must be held by caller.  */

struct thread_node *

__timer_thread_find_matching (const pthread_attr_t *desired_attr,

                              clockid_t desired_clock_id)

{

  struct list_links *iter = list_first (&thread_active_list);

  while (iter != list_null (&thread_active_list))

    {

      struct thread_node *candidate = thread_links2ptr (iter);

      if (thread_attr_compare (desired_attr, &candidate->attr)

          && desired_clock_id == candidate->clock_id)

        {

          list_unlink (iter);

          return candidate;

        }

      iter = list_next (iter);

    }

  return NULL;

}

/* Grab a free timer structure from the global free list.  The global

   lock must be held by the caller.  */

struct timer_node *

__timer_alloc (void)

{

  struct list_links *node = list_first (&timer_free_list);

  if (node != list_null (&timer_free_list))

    {

      struct timer_node *timer = timer_links2ptr (node);

      list_unlink_ip (node);

      timer->inuse = TIMER_INUSE;

      timer->refcount = 1;

      return timer;

    }

  return NULL;

}

/* Return a timer structure to the global free list.  The global lock

   must be held by the caller.  */

void

__timer_dealloc (struct timer_node *timer)

{

  assert (timer->refcount == 0);

  timer->thread = NULL; /* Break association between timer and thread.  */

  timer->inuse = TIMER_FREE;

  list_append (&timer_free_list, &timer->links);

}

/* Thread cancellation handler which unlocks a mutex.  */

void

__timer_mutex_cancel_handler (void *arg)

{

  pthread_mutex_unlock (arg);

}