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/vhdl/hdbnd.vhd
0,0 → 1,262
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Title : hdbnd
-- Project : hdbn
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- File : hdbnd.vhd
-- Author : Allan Herriman <allanh@opencores.org>
-- Organization : Opencores
-- Created : 9 Aug 1999
-- Platform : ?
-- Simulators : Any VHDL '87, '93 or '00 compliant simulator will work.
-- Tested with several versions of Modelsim and Simili.
-- Synthesizers : Any VHDL compliant synthesiser will work (tested with
-- Synplify Pro and Leonardo).
-- Targets : Anything (contains no target dependent features except
-- combinatorial logic and D flip flops with async
-- reset or set).
-- Dependency : None. Complementary encoder is hdb3e.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Description : HDB3 or HDB2 (B3ZS) decoder.
-- Note: this module does not include clock recovery.
-- A separate CDR (Clock and Data Recovery) circuit must be
-- used.
--
-- HDB3 is typically used to encode data at 2.048, 8.448 and 34.368Mb/s
-- B3ZS is typically used to encode data at 44.736Mb/s
-- These encodings are polarity insensitive, so the P and N inputs may be
-- used interchangeably (swapped).
--
-- Reference : ITU-T G.703
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Copyright (c) notice
-- http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.html
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- CVS Revision History
--
-- $Log: not supported by cvs2svn $
--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
 
 
entity hdbnd is
generic (
EncoderType : integer range 2 to 3 := 3; -- 3: HDB3 2: HDB2/B3ZS
PulseActiveState : std_logic := '1' -- active state of P and N inputs
);
port (
Reset_i : in std_logic := '0'; -- active high async reset
Clk_i : in std_logic; -- rising edge clock
ClkEnable_i : in std_logic := '1'; -- active high clock enable
P_i : in std_logic; -- +ve pulse input
N_i : in std_logic; -- -ve pulse input
Data_o : out std_logic; -- active high data output
CodeError_o : out std_logic -- active high error indicator
);
end hdbnd; -- End entity hdbnd
 
 
architecture rtl of hdbnd is
 
signal PinRaw : std_logic; -- registered P input
signal NinRaw : std_logic; -- registered N input
signal Pin : std_logic; -- registered P input (with polarity corrected)
signal Nin : std_logic; -- registered N input (with polarity corrected)
signal Violation : std_logic; -- pulse violation detected
signal LastPulsePolarity : std_logic; -- last pulse sense 1=P, 0=N
signal LastViolationPolarity : std_logic; -- last violation sense "
 
-- shift register bits (to align data with violations, so we can delete them)
signal Q1 : std_logic;
signal Q2 : std_logic;
signal Q3 : std_logic;
 
-- signals used for calculating CodeError
signal ViolationError : std_logic; -- indicates bad violation
signal ZeroCount : integer range 0 to 3; -- counts 0s in input
signal TooManyZeros : std_logic; -- indicates 4 consecutive zeros detected
signal PulseError : std_logic; -- indicates simultaneous P and N pulse
 
begin
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : RegisterInput
-- DESCRIPTION: DFF to register P and N inputs (reduces fan-in, etc)
-- Most applications of this core will be taking inputs from
-- off-chip, so these FF will be in the I/O blocks.
-- Metastability issues: None.
-- Either (1) the external CDR provides adequate
-- timing margin (which ensures no metastability issues)
-- or (2) it doesn't provide adequate timing margin (which could happen
-- if the input cable is unplugged) and any metastable states are irrelevant,
-- as the downstream decoding logic is free of lockup states,
-- and will recover within a few clocks once the
-- CDR is providing normal input again.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RegisterInput: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
PinRaw <= '0';
NinRaw <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
PinRaw <= to_X01(P_i);
NinRaw <= to_X01(N_i);
end if;
end if;
end process RegisterInput;
 
 
-- Restore active low pulse inputs to active high for internal use.
Pin <= PinRaw xor (not PulseActiveState);
Nin <= NinRaw xor (not PulseActiveState);
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : DecodeViolation
-- DESCRIPTION: Work out whether there has been a pulse violation, and
-- remember the sense of the last input pulse.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DecodeViolation: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
variable tmp : std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
LastPulsePolarity <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
tmp := Pin & Nin;
case tmp is
when "00" => LastPulsePolarity <= LastPulsePolarity; --hold
when "10" => LastPulsePolarity <= '1'; -- set
when "01" => LastPulsePolarity <= '0'; -- reset
when others => LastPulsePolarity <= '0'; -- don't care
end case;
end if;
end if;
end process DecodeViolation;
 
Violation <= (Pin and LastPulsePolarity) or (Nin and (not LastPulsePolarity));
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : DelayData
-- DESCRIPTION: Delay the data input so that it lines up with the violation
-- signal, so we can remove the B bit (in process DecodeData).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DelayData: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
Q1 <= '0';
Q2 <= '0';
Q3 <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
Q1 <= (Pin or Nin) and (not Violation); -- delete V bit
Q2 <= Q1;
if EncoderType = 3 then
-- HDB3, delay by 3 clocks
Q3 <= Q2;
else
-- HDB2, delay by 2 clocks
Q3 <= Q1; -- skip Q2
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process DelayData;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : DecodeData
-- DESCRIPTION: remove B bits from data, and register output
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DecodeData: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
Data_o <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
Data_o <= Q3 and (not Violation); -- delete B bit
end if;
end if;
end process DecodeData;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : CountZeros
-- DESCRIPTION: count number of contiguous zeros in input (mod 3 or 4)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CountZeros: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
ZeroCount <= 0;
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
if (Pin or Nin) = '1' then
ZeroCount <= 0; -- have seen a 1, reset count
elsif ZeroCount >= EncoderType then
ZeroCount <= EncoderType; -- hold
else
ZeroCount <= ZeroCount + 1; -- increment
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process CountZeros;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : DecodeViolationError
-- DESCRIPTION: Remember the polarity of this violation, so that we can work
-- out whether the next violation is an error.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DecodeViolationError: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
LastViolationPolarity <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
if Violation = '1' then
LastViolationPolarity <= LastPulsePolarity;
else
LastViolationPolarity <= LastViolationPolarity; -- latch
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process DecodeViolationError;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- The follow logic checks for various error conditions.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
ViolationError <= Violation and (not (Pin xor LastViolationPolarity));
 
PulseError <= Pin and Nin;
 
TooManyZeros <= (not (Pin or Nin)) when (ZeroCount = EncoderType) else '0';
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : RegisterCodeError
-- DESCRIPTION: combine all error signals and register the output
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RegisterCodeError: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
CodeError_o <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
CodeError_o <= ViolationError or PulseError or TooManyZeros;
end if;
end if;
end process RegisterCodeError;
 
 
end rtl; -- End architecture rtl;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- End of hdbnd.vhd
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/vhdl/hdbne.vhd
0,0 → 1,273
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Title : hdbne
-- Project : hdbn
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- File : hdbne.vhd
-- Author : Allan Herriman <allanh@opencores.org>
-- Organization : Opencores
-- Created : 9 Aug 1999
-- Platform : ?
-- Simulators : Any VHDL '87, '93 or '00 compliant simulator will work.
-- Tested with several versions of Modelsim and Simili.
-- Synthesizers : Any VHDL compliant synthesiser will work (tested with
-- Synplify Pro and Leonardo).
-- Targets : Anything (contains no target dependent features except
-- combinatorial logic and D flip flops with async
-- reset or set).
-- Dependency : None. Complementary decoder is hdb3d.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Description : HDB3 or HDB2 (B3ZS) encoder.
-- P and N outputs are full width by default.
-- Half width pulses can be created by using a double rate clock and
-- strobing ClkEnable and OutputEnable appropriately (high every second clock).
--
-- HDB3 is typically used to encode data at 2.048, 8.448 and 34.368Mb/s
-- B3ZS is typically used to encode data at 44.736Mb/s
-- The outputs will require pulse shaping if used to drive the line.
-- These encodings are polarity insensitive, so the P and N outputs may be
-- used interchangeably (swapped).
--
-- Reference : ITU-T G.703
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Copyright (c) notice
-- http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.html
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- CVS Revision History
--
-- $Log: not supported by cvs2svn $
--
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
 
 
entity hdbne is
generic (
EncoderType : integer range 2 to 3 := 3; -- 3: HDB3 2: HDB2/B3ZS
PulseActiveState : std_logic := '1' -- active state of P and N outputs
);
port (
Reset_i : in std_logic := '0'; -- active high async reset
Clk_i : in std_logic; -- rising edge clock
ClkEnable_i : in std_logic := '1'; -- active high clock enable
Data_i : in std_logic; -- active high data input
OutputGate_i : in std_logic := '1'; -- '0' forces P and N to not PulseActiveState (synchronously, but ignoring ClkEnable)
P_o : out std_logic; -- encoded +ve pulse output
N_o : out std_logic -- encoded -ve pulse output
);
end hdbne; -- End entity hdbne
 
 
architecture rtl of hdbne is
 
signal Q1 : std_logic; -- Q1 through Q5 form a shift
signal Q2 : std_logic; -- register for aligning
signal Q3 : std_logic; -- the data so we can insert
signal Q4 : std_logic; -- the violations
signal Q5 : std_logic;
 
signal AMI : std_logic; -- sense of pulse (P or N)
signal ViolationType : std_logic; -- sense of violation
signal ZeroCount : integer range 0 to 3; -- counts 0s in input
signal ZeroString : std_logic; -- goes to '1' when 3 or 4 0s seen
signal ZeroStringDelayed : std_logic; -- above delayed by 1 clock
 
begin
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : RegisterInput
-- DESCRIPTION: DFF (Q1) to register input data (reduces fan-in, etc)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RegisterInput: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
Q1 <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
Q1 <= to_X01(Data_i);
end if;
end if;
end process RegisterInput;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : CountZeros
-- DESCRIPTION: count number of contiguous zeros in input (mod 4 or mod 3)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CountZeros: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
ZeroCount <= 0;
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
if Q1 = '1' then
ZeroCount <= 0; -- have seen a 1, reset count
elsif ZeroCount >= EncoderType then
ZeroCount <= 0; -- increment modulo 3 or 4
else
ZeroCount <= ZeroCount + 1; -- increment
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process CountZeros;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : DecodeCount (combinatorial)
-- DESCRIPTION: decode ZeroCount to indicate when string of 3 or 4 zeros is present
-- Note: this process is not clocked
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DecodeCount: process (Q1, ZeroCount)
begin
if ZeroCount = EncoderType and Q1 = '0' then
ZeroString <= '1';
else
ZeroString <= '0';
end if;
end process DecodeCount;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : RegisterZeroString
-- DESCRIPTION: DFF to register the ZeroString signal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RegisterZeroString: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
ZeroStringDelayed <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
ZeroStringDelayed <= ZeroString;
end if;
end if;
end process RegisterZeroString;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : DelayData
-- DESCRIPTION: insert 1 if needed for violation, and delay data by 2 or 3 clocks
-- to line up with ZeroString detection.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DelayData: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
Q2 <= '0';
Q3 <= '0';
Q4 <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
Q2 <= Q1 or ZeroString; -- insert Violation bit
Q3 <= Q2;
if EncoderType = 3 then
-- HDB3, delay by 3 clocks
Q4 <= Q3;
else
-- HDB2, delay by 2 clocks
Q4 <= Q2; -- skip Q3
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process DelayData;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : InsertBBit
-- DESCRIPTION: Delay Q4 by one clock, and insert B bit if needed.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
InsertBBit: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
Q5 <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
Q5 <= Q4 or (ZeroString and (not ViolationType));
end if;
end if;
end process InsertBBit;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : ToggleViolationType
-- DESCRIPTION: Toggle ViolationType whenever Q5 is 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ToggleViolationType: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
ViolationType <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
ViolationType <= ViolationType xor Q5;
end if;
end if;
end process ToggleViolationType;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : AMIFlipFlop
-- DESCRIPTION: toggle AMI to alternate P and N pulses. Force a violation (no
-- toggle) occasionally.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AMIFlipFlop: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
AMI <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' then
AMI <= AMI xor (Q5 and (ViolationType nand (ZeroString or ZeroStringDelayed)));
end if;
end if;
end process AMIFlipFlop;
 
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PROCESS : MakePandNPulses
-- DESCRIPTION: Gate Q5 with AMI to produce the P and N outputs
-- Note that OutputEnable overrides ClkEnable, to allow creation of
-- half width pulses.
-- The flip flops P and N will drive the outputs to the LIU, and these
-- flip flops should be in the IOBs in an FPGA. Clk to output delay
-- should be matched for P and N to avoid pulse shape distortion at the LIU
-- output.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MakePandNPulses: process (Reset_i, Clk_i)
begin
if Reset_i = '1' then
P_o <= not PulseActiveState;
N_o <= not PulseActiveState;
elsif rising_edge(Clk_i) then
if ClkEnable_i = '1' or OutputGate_i /= '1' then
if OutputGate_i /= '1' then
-- force output to '0'
P_o <= not PulseActiveState;
N_o <= not PulseActiveState;
else
-- normal operation
if Q5 = '1' then
if AMI = '1' then
-- output '1' on P
P_o <= PulseActiveState;
N_o <= not PulseActiveState;
else
-- output '1' on N
P_o <= not PulseActiveState;
N_o <= PulseActiveState;
end if;
else
-- output '0'
P_o <= not PulseActiveState;
N_o <= not PulseActiveState;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process MakePandNPulses;
 
 
end rtl; -- End architecture rtl;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- End of hdbne.vhd
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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