IBM 3270 Display System support
|
IBM 3270 Display System support
|
|
|
This file describes the driver that supports local channel attachment
|
This file describes the driver that supports local channel attachment
|
of IBM 3270 devices. It consists of three sections:
|
of IBM 3270 devices. It consists of three sections:
|
* Introduction
|
* Introduction
|
* Installation
|
* Installation
|
* Operation
|
* Operation
|
|
|
|
|
INTRODUCTION.
|
INTRODUCTION.
|
|
|
This paper describes installing and operating 3270 devices under
|
This paper describes installing and operating 3270 devices under
|
Linux/390. A 3270 device is a block-mode rows-and-columns terminal of
|
Linux/390. A 3270 device is a block-mode rows-and-columns terminal of
|
which I'm sure hundreds of millions were sold by IBM and clonemakers
|
which I'm sure hundreds of millions were sold by IBM and clonemakers
|
twenty and thirty years ago.
|
twenty and thirty years ago.
|
|
|
You may have 3270s in-house and not know it. If you're using the
|
You may have 3270s in-house and not know it. If you're using the
|
VM-ESA operating system, define a 3270 to your virtual machine by using
|
VM-ESA operating system, define a 3270 to your virtual machine by using
|
the command "DEF GRAF " This paper presumes you will be
|
the command "DEF GRAF " This paper presumes you will be
|
defining four 3270s with the CP/CMS commands
|
defining four 3270s with the CP/CMS commands
|
|
|
DEF GRAF 620
|
DEF GRAF 620
|
DEF GRAF 621
|
DEF GRAF 621
|
DEF GRAF 622
|
DEF GRAF 622
|
DEF GRAF 623
|
DEF GRAF 623
|
|
|
Your network connection from VM-ESA allows you to use x3270, tn3270, or
|
Your network connection from VM-ESA allows you to use x3270, tn3270, or
|
another 3270 emulator, started from an xterm window on your PC or
|
another 3270 emulator, started from an xterm window on your PC or
|
workstation. With the DEF GRAF command, an application such as xterm,
|
workstation. With the DEF GRAF command, an application such as xterm,
|
and this Linux-390 3270 driver, you have another way of talking to your
|
and this Linux-390 3270 driver, you have another way of talking to your
|
Linux box.
|
Linux box.
|
|
|
This paper covers installation of the driver and operation of a
|
This paper covers installation of the driver and operation of a
|
dialed-in x3270.
|
dialed-in x3270.
|
|
|
|
|
INSTALLATION.
|
INSTALLATION.
|
|
|
You install the driver by installing a patch, doing a kernel build, and
|
You install the driver by installing a patch, doing a kernel build, and
|
running the configuration script (config3270.sh, in this directory).
|
running the configuration script (config3270.sh, in this directory).
|
|
|
WARNING: If you are using 3270 console support, you must rerun the
|
WARNING: If you are using 3270 console support, you must rerun the
|
configuration script every time you change the console's address (perhaps
|
configuration script every time you change the console's address (perhaps
|
by using the condev= parameter in silo's /boot/parmfile). More precisely,
|
by using the condev= parameter in silo's /boot/parmfile). More precisely,
|
you should rerun the configuration script every time your set of 3270s,
|
you should rerun the configuration script every time your set of 3270s,
|
including the console 3270, changes subchannel identifier relative to
|
including the console 3270, changes subchannel identifier relative to
|
one another. ReIPL as soon as possible after running the configuration
|
one another. ReIPL as soon as possible after running the configuration
|
script and the resulting /tmp/mkdev3270.
|
script and the resulting /tmp/mkdev3270.
|
|
|
If you have chosen to make tub3270 a module, you add a line to
|
If you have chosen to make tub3270 a module, you add a line to
|
/etc/modules.conf. If you are working on a VM virtual machine, you
|
/etc/modules.conf. If you are working on a VM virtual machine, you
|
can use DEF GRAF to define virtual 3270 devices.
|
can use DEF GRAF to define virtual 3270 devices.
|
|
|
You may generate both 3270 and 3215 console support, or one or the
|
You may generate both 3270 and 3215 console support, or one or the
|
other, or neither. If you generate both, the console type under VM is
|
other, or neither. If you generate both, the console type under VM is
|
not changed. Use #CP Q TERM to see what the current console type is.
|
not changed. Use #CP Q TERM to see what the current console type is.
|
Use #CP TERM CONMODE 3270 to change it to 3270. If you generate only
|
Use #CP TERM CONMODE 3270 to change it to 3270. If you generate only
|
3270 console support, then the driver automatically converts your console
|
3270 console support, then the driver automatically converts your console
|
at boot time to a 3270 if it is a 3215.
|
at boot time to a 3270 if it is a 3215.
|
|
|
In brief, these are the steps:
|
In brief, these are the steps:
|
1. Install the tub3270 patch
|
1. Install the tub3270 patch
|
2. (If a module) add a line to /etc/modules.conf
|
2. (If a module) add a line to /etc/modules.conf
|
3. (If VM) define devices with DEF GRAF
|
3. (If VM) define devices with DEF GRAF
|
4. Reboot
|
4. Reboot
|
5. Configure
|
5. Configure
|
|
|
To test that everything works, assuming VM and x3270,
|
To test that everything works, assuming VM and x3270,
|
1. Bring up an x3270 window.
|
1. Bring up an x3270 window.
|
2. Use the DIAL command in that window.
|
2. Use the DIAL command in that window.
|
3. You should immediately see a Linux login screen.
|
3. You should immediately see a Linux login screen.
|
|
|
Here are the installation steps in detail:
|
Here are the installation steps in detail:
|
|
|
1. The 3270 driver is a part of the official Linux kernel
|
1. The 3270 driver is a part of the official Linux kernel
|
source. Build a tree with the kernel source and any necessary
|
source. Build a tree with the kernel source and any necessary
|
patches. Then do
|
patches. Then do
|
make oldconfig
|
make oldconfig
|
(If you wish to disable 3215 console support, edit
|
(If you wish to disable 3215 console support, edit
|
.config; change CONFIG_TN3215's value to "n";
|
.config; change CONFIG_TN3215's value to "n";
|
and rerun "make oldconfig".)
|
and rerun "make oldconfig".)
|
make dep
|
make dep
|
make image
|
make image
|
make modules
|
make modules
|
make modules_install
|
make modules_install
|
|
|
2. (Perform this step only if you have configured tub3270 as a
|
2. (Perform this step only if you have configured tub3270 as a
|
module.) Add a line to /etc/modules.conf to automatically
|
module.) Add a line to /etc/modules.conf to automatically
|
load the driver when it's needed. With this line added,
|
load the driver when it's needed. With this line added,
|
you will see login prompts appear on your 3270s as soon as
|
you will see login prompts appear on your 3270s as soon as
|
boot is complete (or with emulated 3270s, as soon as you dial
|
boot is complete (or with emulated 3270s, as soon as you dial
|
into your vm guest using the command "DIAL ").
|
into your vm guest using the command "DIAL ").
|
Since the line-mode major number is 227, the line to add to
|
Since the line-mode major number is 227, the line to add to
|
/etc/modules.conf should be:
|
/etc/modules.conf should be:
|
alias char-major-227 tub3270
|
alias char-major-227 tub3270
|
|
|
3. Define graphic devices to your vm guest machine, if you
|
3. Define graphic devices to your vm guest machine, if you
|
haven't already. Define them before you reboot (reipl):
|
haven't already. Define them before you reboot (reipl):
|
DEFINE GRAF 620
|
DEFINE GRAF 620
|
DEFINE GRAF 621
|
DEFINE GRAF 621
|
DEFINE GRAF 622
|
DEFINE GRAF 622
|
DEFINE GRAF 623
|
DEFINE GRAF 623
|
|
|
4. Reboot. The reboot process scans hardware devices, including
|
4. Reboot. The reboot process scans hardware devices, including
|
3270s, and this enables the tub3270 driver once loaded to respond
|
3270s, and this enables the tub3270 driver once loaded to respond
|
correctly to the configuration requests of the next step. If
|
correctly to the configuration requests of the next step. If
|
you have chosen 3270 console support, your console now behaves
|
you have chosen 3270 console support, your console now behaves
|
as a 3270, not a 3215.
|
as a 3270, not a 3215.
|
|
|
5. Run the 3270 configuration script config3270. It is
|
5. Run the 3270 configuration script config3270. It is
|
distributed in this same directory, Documentation/s390, as
|
distributed in this same directory, Documentation/s390, as
|
config3270.sh. Inspect the output script it produces,
|
config3270.sh. Inspect the output script it produces,
|
/tmp/mkdev3270, and then run that script. This will create the
|
/tmp/mkdev3270, and then run that script. This will create the
|
necessary character special device files and make the necessary
|
necessary character special device files and make the necessary
|
changes to /etc/inittab. If you have selected DEVFS, the driver
|
changes to /etc/inittab. If you have selected DEVFS, the driver
|
itself creates the device files, and /tmp/mkdev3270 only changes
|
itself creates the device files, and /tmp/mkdev3270 only changes
|
/etc/inittab.
|
/etc/inittab.
|
|
|
Then notify /sbin/init that /etc/inittab has changed, by issuing
|
Then notify /sbin/init that /etc/inittab has changed, by issuing
|
the telinit command with the q operand:
|
the telinit command with the q operand:
|
cd /usr/src/linux/Documentation/s390
|
cd /usr/src/linux/Documentation/s390
|
sh config3270.sh
|
sh config3270.sh
|
sh /tmp/mkdev3270
|
sh /tmp/mkdev3270
|
telinit q
|
telinit q
|
|
|
This should be sufficient for your first time. If your 3270
|
This should be sufficient for your first time. If your 3270
|
configuration has changed and you're reusing config3270, you
|
configuration has changed and you're reusing config3270, you
|
should follow these steps:
|
should follow these steps:
|
Change 3270 configuration
|
Change 3270 configuration
|
Reboot
|
Reboot
|
Run config3270 and /tmp/mkdev3270
|
Run config3270 and /tmp/mkdev3270
|
Reboot
|
Reboot
|
|
|
Here are the testing steps in detail:
|
Here are the testing steps in detail:
|
|
|
1. Bring up an x3270 window, or use an actual hardware 3278 or
|
1. Bring up an x3270 window, or use an actual hardware 3278 or
|
3279, or use the 3270 emulator of your choice. You would be
|
3279, or use the 3270 emulator of your choice. You would be
|
running the emulator on your PC or workstation. You would use
|
running the emulator on your PC or workstation. You would use
|
the command, for example,
|
the command, for example,
|
x3270 vm-esa-domain-name &
|
x3270 vm-esa-domain-name &
|
if you wanted a 3278 Model 4 with 43 rows of 80 columns, the
|
if you wanted a 3278 Model 4 with 43 rows of 80 columns, the
|
default model number. The driver does not take advantage of
|
default model number. The driver does not take advantage of
|
extended attributes.
|
extended attributes.
|
|
|
The screen you should now see contains a VM logo with input
|
The screen you should now see contains a VM logo with input
|
lines near the bottom. Use TAB to move to the bottom line,
|
lines near the bottom. Use TAB to move to the bottom line,
|
probably labeled "COMMAND ===>".
|
probably labeled "COMMAND ===>".
|
|
|
2. Use the DIAL command instead of the LOGIN command to connect
|
2. Use the DIAL command instead of the LOGIN command to connect
|
to one of the virtual 3270s you defined with the DEF GRAF
|
to one of the virtual 3270s you defined with the DEF GRAF
|
commands:
|
commands:
|
dial my-vm-guest-name
|
dial my-vm-guest-name
|
|
|
3. You should immediately see a login prompt from your
|
3. You should immediately see a login prompt from your
|
Linux-390 operating system. If that does not happen, you would
|
Linux-390 operating system. If that does not happen, you would
|
see instead the line "DIALED TO my-vm-guest-name 0620".
|
see instead the line "DIALED TO my-vm-guest-name 0620".
|
|
|
To troubleshoot: do these things.
|
To troubleshoot: do these things.
|
|
|
A. Is the driver loaded? Use the lsmod command (no operands)
|
A. Is the driver loaded? Use the lsmod command (no operands)
|
to find out. Probably it isn't. Try loading it manually, with
|
to find out. Probably it isn't. Try loading it manually, with
|
the command "insmod tub3270". Does that command give error
|
the command "insmod tub3270". Does that command give error
|
messages? Ha! There's your problem.
|
messages? Ha! There's your problem.
|
|
|
B. Is the /etc/inittab file modified as in installation step 3
|
B. Is the /etc/inittab file modified as in installation step 3
|
above? Use the grep command to find out; for instance, issue
|
above? Use the grep command to find out; for instance, issue
|
"grep 3270 /etc/inittab". Nothing found? There's your
|
"grep 3270 /etc/inittab". Nothing found? There's your
|
problem!
|
problem!
|
|
|
C. Are the device special files created, as in installation
|
C. Are the device special files created, as in installation
|
step 2 above? Use the ls -l command to find out; for instance,
|
step 2 above? Use the ls -l command to find out; for instance,
|
issue "ls -l /dev/3270/tty620". The output should start with the
|
issue "ls -l /dev/3270/tty620". The output should start with the
|
letter "c" meaning character device and should contain "227, 1"
|
letter "c" meaning character device and should contain "227, 1"
|
just to the left of the device name. No such file? no "c"?
|
just to the left of the device name. No such file? no "c"?
|
Wrong major number? Wrong minor number? There's your
|
Wrong major number? Wrong minor number? There's your
|
problem!
|
problem!
|
|
|
D. Do you get the message
|
D. Do you get the message
|
"HCPDIA047E my-vm-guest-name 0620 does not exist"?
|
"HCPDIA047E my-vm-guest-name 0620 does not exist"?
|
If so, you must issue the command "DEF GRAF 620" from your VM
|
If so, you must issue the command "DEF GRAF 620" from your VM
|
3215 console and then reboot the system.
|
3215 console and then reboot the system.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATION.
|
OPERATION.
|
|
|
The driver defines three areas on the 3270 screen: the log area, the
|
The driver defines three areas on the 3270 screen: the log area, the
|
input area, and the status area.
|
input area, and the status area.
|
|
|
The log area takes up all but the bottom two lines of the screen. The
|
The log area takes up all but the bottom two lines of the screen. The
|
driver writes terminal output to it, starting at the top line and going
|
driver writes terminal output to it, starting at the top line and going
|
down. When it fills, the status area changes from "Linux Running" to
|
down. When it fills, the status area changes from "Linux Running" to
|
"Linux More...". After a scrolling timeout of (default) 5 sec, the
|
"Linux More...". After a scrolling timeout of (default) 5 sec, the
|
screen clears and more output is written, from the top down.
|
screen clears and more output is written, from the top down.
|
|
|
The input area extends from the beginning of the second-to-last screen
|
The input area extends from the beginning of the second-to-last screen
|
line to the start of the status area. You type commands in this area
|
line to the start of the status area. You type commands in this area
|
and hit ENTER to execute them.
|
and hit ENTER to execute them.
|
|
|
The status area initializes to "Linux Running" to give you a warm
|
The status area initializes to "Linux Running" to give you a warm
|
fuzzy feeling. When the log area fills up and output awaits, it
|
fuzzy feeling. When the log area fills up and output awaits, it
|
changes to "Linux More...". At this time you can do several things or
|
changes to "Linux More...". At this time you can do several things or
|
nothing. If you do nothing, the screen will clear in (default) 5 sec
|
nothing. If you do nothing, the screen will clear in (default) 5 sec
|
and more output will appear. You may hit ENTER with nothing typed in
|
and more output will appear. You may hit ENTER with nothing typed in
|
the input area to toggle between "Linux More..." and "Linux Holding",
|
the input area to toggle between "Linux More..." and "Linux Holding",
|
which indicates no scrolling will occur. (If you hit ENTER with "Linux
|
which indicates no scrolling will occur. (If you hit ENTER with "Linux
|
Running" and nothing typed, the application receives a newline.)
|
Running" and nothing typed, the application receives a newline.)
|
|
|
You may change the scrolling timeout value. For example, the following
|
You may change the scrolling timeout value. For example, the following
|
command line:
|
command line:
|
echo scrolltime=60 > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
echo scrolltime=60 > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
changes the scrolling timeout value to 60 sec. Set scrolltime to 0 if
|
changes the scrolling timeout value to 60 sec. Set scrolltime to 0 if
|
you wish to prevent scrolling entirely.
|
you wish to prevent scrolling entirely.
|
|
|
Other things you may do when the log area fills up are: hit PA2 to
|
Other things you may do when the log area fills up are: hit PA2 to
|
clear the log area and write more output to it, or hit CLEAR to clear
|
clear the log area and write more output to it, or hit CLEAR to clear
|
the log area and the input area and write more output to the log area.
|
the log area and the input area and write more output to the log area.
|
|
|
Some of the Program Function (PF) and Program Attention (PA) keys are
|
Some of the Program Function (PF) and Program Attention (PA) keys are
|
preassigned special functions. The ones that are not yield an alarm
|
preassigned special functions. The ones that are not yield an alarm
|
when pressed.
|
when pressed.
|
|
|
PA1 causes a SIGINT to the currently running application. You may do
|
PA1 causes a SIGINT to the currently running application. You may do
|
the same thing from the input area, by typing "^C" and hitting ENTER.
|
the same thing from the input area, by typing "^C" and hitting ENTER.
|
|
|
PA2 causes the log area to be cleared. If output awaits, it is then
|
PA2 causes the log area to be cleared. If output awaits, it is then
|
written to the log area.
|
written to the log area.
|
|
|
PF3 causes an EOF to be received as input by the application. You may
|
PF3 causes an EOF to be received as input by the application. You may
|
cause an EOF also by typing "^D" and hitting ENTER.
|
cause an EOF also by typing "^D" and hitting ENTER.
|
|
|
No PF key is preassigned to cause a job suspension, but you may cause a
|
No PF key is preassigned to cause a job suspension, but you may cause a
|
job suspension by typing "^Z" and hitting ENTER. You may wish to
|
job suspension by typing "^Z" and hitting ENTER. You may wish to
|
assign this function to a PF key. To make PF7 cause job suspension,
|
assign this function to a PF key. To make PF7 cause job suspension,
|
execute the command:
|
execute the command:
|
echo pf7=^z > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
echo pf7=^z > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
|
|
If the input you type does not end with the two characters "^n", the
|
If the input you type does not end with the two characters "^n", the
|
driver appends a newline character and sends it to the tty driver;
|
driver appends a newline character and sends it to the tty driver;
|
otherwise the driver strips the "^n" and does not append a newline.
|
otherwise the driver strips the "^n" and does not append a newline.
|
The IBM 3215 driver behaves similarly.
|
The IBM 3215 driver behaves similarly.
|
|
|
Pf10 causes the most recent command to be retrieved from the tube's
|
Pf10 causes the most recent command to be retrieved from the tube's
|
command stack (default depth 20) and displayed in the input area. You
|
command stack (default depth 20) and displayed in the input area. You
|
may hit PF10 again for the next-most-recent command, and so on. A
|
may hit PF10 again for the next-most-recent command, and so on. A
|
command is entered into the stack only when the input area is not made
|
command is entered into the stack only when the input area is not made
|
invisible (such as for password entry) and it is not identical to the
|
invisible (such as for password entry) and it is not identical to the
|
current top entry. PF10 rotates backward through the command stack;
|
current top entry. PF10 rotates backward through the command stack;
|
PF11 rotates forward. You may assign the backward function to any PF
|
PF11 rotates forward. You may assign the backward function to any PF
|
key (or PA key, for that matter), say, PA3, with the command:
|
key (or PA key, for that matter), say, PA3, with the command:
|
echo -e pa3=\\033k > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
echo -e pa3=\\033k > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
This assigns the string ESC-k to PA3. Similarly, the string ESC-j
|
This assigns the string ESC-k to PA3. Similarly, the string ESC-j
|
performs the forward function. (Rationale: In bash with vi-mode line
|
performs the forward function. (Rationale: In bash with vi-mode line
|
editing, ESC-k and ESC-j retrieve backward and forward history.
|
editing, ESC-k and ESC-j retrieve backward and forward history.
|
Suggestions welcome.)
|
Suggestions welcome.)
|
|
|
Is a stack size of twenty commands not to your liking? Change it on
|
Is a stack size of twenty commands not to your liking? Change it on
|
the fly. To change to saving the last 100 commands, execute the
|
the fly. To change to saving the last 100 commands, execute the
|
command:
|
command:
|
echo recallsize=100 > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
echo recallsize=100 > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
|
|
Have a command you issue frequently? Assign it to a PF or PA key! Use
|
Have a command you issue frequently? Assign it to a PF or PA key! Use
|
the command
|
the command
|
echo pf24="mkdir foobar; cd foobar" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
echo pf24="mkdir foobar; cd foobar" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
to execute the commands mkdir foobar and cd foobar immediately when you
|
to execute the commands mkdir foobar and cd foobar immediately when you
|
hit PF24. Want to see the command line first, before you execute it?
|
hit PF24. Want to see the command line first, before you execute it?
|
Use the -n option of the echo command:
|
Use the -n option of the echo command:
|
echo -n pf24="mkdir foo; cd foo" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
echo -n pf24="mkdir foo; cd foo" > /proc/tty/driver/tty3270
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Happy testing! I welcome any and all comments about this document, the
|
Happy testing! I welcome any and all comments about this document, the
|
driver, etc etc.
|
driver, etc etc.
|
|
|
Dick Hitt
|
Dick Hitt
|
|
|
