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eCos Host-side Software
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=======================
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This README file only describes the eCos host-side software. For
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details of the eCos target-side software or the required toolchains,
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please see other documentation. A good starting point is
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http://sources.redhat.com/ecos
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There are two categories of host-side software. The host subdirectory
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contains generic software, primarily related to the eCos configuration
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technology. All eCos users will need to use some of this technology to
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configure and build eCos, either using pre-built binaries or by
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building the host-side software from source. The generic software
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should be portable to a wide range of host platforms.
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There is also package-specific host-side software. Much of this is I/O
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related. For example the generic USB-slave package contains some
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programs related to testing; a test application is run on a target
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with suitable USB slave-side hardware, and needs to interact with
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another program running on the USB host; the latter is
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package-specific host-side software and can be found in the
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subdirectory packages/io/usb/slave. Code like this may have
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significant platform dependencies and may only work on a single
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platform or on a small number of platforms. There may also be
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special requirements, for example it may be necessary to install some
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programs suid root so that they have appropriate access to the
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hardware.
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The host subdirectory includes the following:
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infra/
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This is an implementation of the eCos infrastructure that can be
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used on the host-side, and provides assertion, tracing and
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testcase support.
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NOTE: the eCos infrastructure facilities are not especially
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well-suited to host-side development, in particular they are not
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C++-oriented. There are plans to remove the current infrastructure
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completely and replace it with something more suitable. People
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planning new projects should be aware of this, and may wish to
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avoid using the current infrastructure.
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libcdl/
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The CDL library lies at the heart of the eCos configuration
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technology.
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tools/configtool/
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The sources to the various configuration tools can be found here.
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tools/configtool/common/common/
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Contains sources related to makefile generation, shared by the
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command line and graphical tools.
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tools/configtool/standalone/common/
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Contains the command line ecosconfig tool.
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tools/configtool/standalone/wxwin/
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Contains sources for the wxWindows-based, Linux and Windows graphical
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configuration tool. The Windows version can currently only be
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built with Visual C++, not with cygwin g++.
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tools/configtool/common/win32/
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tools/configtool/standalone/win32/
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Contains sources for the older, MFC-based, Windows-only graphical
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configuration tool. Again this can currently only be built with
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Visual C++.
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The two graphical configuration tools have their own build procedures,
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described in tools/configtool/standalone/wxwin/ReadMe and
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tools/configtool/standalone/win32/ReadMe respectively.
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Package-specific host-side code lives in the host subdirectory of the
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appropriate package, for example packages/io/usb/slave//host.
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Most packages only provide target-side code and hence will not have a
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host subdirectory. Users can install various packages from a variety
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of sources, and where a package does have host-side software the
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package documentation should be consulted for further information.
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Installing on Linux, Other Unix Systems, and Cygwin
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---------------------------------------------------
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Both generic host-side software (infra, libcdl and ecosconfig) and
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package-specific software can be built with the conventional
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"configure/make/make install" sequence. However the code does not
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conform fully to GNU coding standards so some operations such as "make
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dist" are not supported. There is limited support for DejaGnu-based
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testing.
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Much of the host-side software has a dependency on Tcl. This is not
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supplied with the sources since many users will already have a
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suitable installation, for example it is shipped as standard with all
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major Linux distributions. The generic host-side software should work
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with any release of Tcl from 8.0 onwards. The package-specific
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software requires a more recent version, 8.3 or later. If no suitable
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Tcl installation is available then the configure step will still
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succeed but some of the package-specific software will not be built.
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There are two main approaches to building the host-side software:
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1) build the generic and the package-specific code in one build tree.
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This uses the top-level configure script. The script automatically
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invokes the configure script in the main host subdirectory. In
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addition it searches the packages hierarchy for host subdirectories
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containing their own configure scripts and will invoke those.
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Note: the search for host subdirectories happens during configure
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time, not during the make. If new packages with host-side code are
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added to the repository then it will be necessary to re-run the
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toplevel configure script.
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2) build the generic code in one build tree, using the configure
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script in the toplevel's host subdirectory. Then build some or all
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of the package-specific code in separate build trees, using the
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configure scripts in each package's host subdirectory.
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The first approach is generally simpler. However some of the
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package-specific code requires special installation, for example a
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program may have to be installed suid root so that it has the right
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privileges to access hardware, and hence the "make install" step has
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to be run by the superuser. Also some of the package-specific code is
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rather specialized and may be of no interest to many users. For
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example, the USB testing code is only useful when developing
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USB-based applications. Hence some users may prefer the second
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approach, building just the generic code and a subset of the
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package-specific code.
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It is necessary to use a separate build tree rather than build
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directly in the source tree. This is enforced by the configure scripts.
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$ mkdir build
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$ cd build
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The next step is to run the desired configure script. To build all
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the host-side software this means the toplevel configure script:
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$ /configure
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Alternatively to build just the generic host-side software, use the
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configure script in the host subdirectory.
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$ mkdir host
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$ cd host
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$ /host/configure
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Or, to build just one package's host-side code:
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$ mkdir -p packages/io/usb/slave/current/host
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$ cd packages/io/usb/slave/current/host
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$ /packages/io/usb/slave/current/host/configure
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(It is not actually necessary to use the same directory structure in
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the build tree as in the source tree, but doing so can avoid
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confusion).
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A list of all the command-line options can be obtained by running
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"configure --help". The most important ones are as follows:
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1) --prefix. This can be used to specify the location of the install
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tree, defaulting to /usr/local, so the ecosconfig program ends up
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in /usr/local/bin/ecosconfig and the CDL library ends up in
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/usr/local/lib/libcdl.a. If an alternative location is preferred
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this can be specified with --prefix, for example:
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$ /configure --prefix=/usr/local/ecos
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2) --enable-debug. By default all assertions and tracing are disabled.
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When debugging any of the generic host-side software these should
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be enabled. Some package-specific code may not have any extra
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debug support, in which case --enable-debug would be ignored.
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$ /configure --enable-debug
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It is also possible to control most of the assertion and tracing
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macros at a finer grain. This is intended mainly for use by the
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developers.
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--disable-asserts disable all assertions
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--disable-preconditions disable a subset of the assertions
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--disable-postconditions disable a subset of the assertions
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--disable-invariants disable a subset of the assertions
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--disable-loopinvariants disable a subset of the assertions
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--disable-tracing disable tracing
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--disable-fntracing disable function entry/exit tracing
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3) --with-tcl=
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--with-tcl-version=
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The host-side tools have a dependency on Tcl, which is not supplied
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with the sources because many people will already have a suitable
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installation. Specifically it is necessary to have the header file
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tcl.h and appropriate libraries such that -ltcl will work - this
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can involve either static or shared libraries. Some tools may require
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Tk as well as Tcl.
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Unfortunately there is considerable variation in Tcl installations.
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In theory all Tcl installations have a file tclConfig.sh which
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defines exactly how to compile and link code that uses Tcl, and Tk
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has a similar file tkConfig.sh. The eCos configure scripts look for
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these files, first in $(prefix)/lib, then in /usr/lib. If the system
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already has a Tcl installation in /usr then the configure script will
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automatically find /usr/lib/tclConfig.sh and it is not necessary
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to pass additional options when configuring the eCos host-side
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software. Alternatively, if for example you have installed a more
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recent version of Tcl/Tk in the same place that you want to install the
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eCos software, e.g. /usr/local, then $(prefix)/lib/tclConfig.sh
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will be read in.
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It is also possible that a more recent version of Tcl has been installed
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in a different location. For example, you may wish to install the eCos host
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tools in /opt/ecos but use a version of Tcl installed in /usr/local. The
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eCos configure scripts need to be told explicitly where to look for
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the Tcl:
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$ /configure --with-tcl=/usr/local ...
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Some systems, for example Debian Linux 3.0, do not install tclConfig.sh
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in /usr/lib because that makes it more difficult to have several different
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versions of Tcl installed at the same time. Instead tclConfig.sh is found
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in a versioned directory such as /usr/lib/tcl8.3. Since several versions
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may be installed the desired one must be specified explicitly.
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$ /configure --with-tcl-version=8.3
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The --with-tcl and --with-tcl-version options are combined to give a search path:
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/lib/tclConfig.sh
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/lib/tcl/tclConfig.sh
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/lib/tclConfig.sh
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/lib/tcl/tclConfig.sh
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/usr/lib/tclConfig.sh
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/usr/lib/tcl/tclConfig.sh
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If tclConfig.sh cannot be found in any of these places then it is assumed
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that Tcl has not been properly installed and the eCos configure script will
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fail. The --with-tcl and --with-tcl-version are also used to give a search
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path for tkConfig.sh
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/lib/tkConfig.sh
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/lib/tk/tkConfig.sh
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/lib/tkConfig.sh
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/lib/tk/tkConfig.sh
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/usr/lib/tkConfig.sh
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/usr/lib/tk/tkConfig.sh
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Again, the configure scripts must be able to find tkConfig.sh
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Once tclConfig.sh and tkConfig.sh have been found and read in, the eCos
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configure scripts should have all the information needed to compile and
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link code that uses Tcl. First the location of key headers such as
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is needed. A tclConfig.sh file may define TCL_INC_DIR to give
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a specific location, otherwise the header files should be in
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$(TCL_PREFIX)/include. If cannot be found then the eCos configure
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scripts will fail.
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Next it is necessary to work out how to link applications with Tcl. This
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information should be provided by a tclConfig.sh variable TCL_LIB_SPEC.
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Unfortunately not all Tcl installations set this, for example the cygwin
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Tcl 8.4 release. If TCL_LIB_SPEC is not defined then instead the
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configure script will look for a library libtcl.a, where is
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specified using --with-tcl-version, then for a library libtcl.a
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Following the configure step the build tree should be set up
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correctly. All that remains is the actual build and install:
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$ make
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$ make install
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This should result in an ecosconfig executable, plus appropriate
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libraries and header files. If the install prefix is a system
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location, for example /usr/local/, then "make install" will normally
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require root privileges. Also some of the package-specific software
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has special installation requirements, for example programs that need
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to be installed suid root, and this will also need root privileges.
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Installing with Visual C++
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--------------------------
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Under Windows it is possible to build the generic host-side software
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(infra, libcdl and ecosconfig) with Visual C++ but this is deprecated.
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Building with g++ under cygwin is preferred.
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It is still necessary to run the configure script and a suitable make
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utility. That requires a shell and a Unix-like environment, as
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provided by cygwin. The Visual C++ compiler cl.exe needs to be on the
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shell's search path, and some environment variables such as INCLUDE
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and LIB may need to be set to point at the Visual C++ installation -
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the details may vary depending on the version of the compiler. Then
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the configure command should be run like this:
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$ CC=cl CXX=cl /host/configure
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Note that the path should be a cygwin path: cygwin mount points are
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accepted and forward slashes should be used. The various configure
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scripts now detect that Visual C++ should be used, and adapt
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accordingly.
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Depending on what cygwin mount points are set up, /usr/local may or
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may not be an appropriate install location for VC++ applications.
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If not, the install location should be specified with --prefix:
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$ CC=cl CXX=cl /configure --prefix=
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It is also necessary to use the right version of Tcl. For a VC++ build
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the cygwin release of Tcl should not be used. Instead a suitable
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prebuilt Tcl package can be obtained from http://www.tcl.tk/.
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It is necessary to tell the configure script where this has been
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installed, for example:
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$ CC=cl CXX=cl /configure --prefix= \
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--with-tcl=/cygdrive/d/local/scriptics/Tcl/tcl8.1
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The library name will be of the form tcl81.lib, and there will not be
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a symbolic link from tcl.lib to the appropriate version. It will be
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necessary to specify the Tcl version explicitly since the default
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version is currently 8.0.
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$ CC=cl CXX=cl /configure --prefix= \
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--with-tcl=/d/local/scriptics/Tcl/tcl8.1 --with-tcl-version=81
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Following a successful configure, the tools can be built and installed
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in the normal fashion:
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$ make
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$ make install
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More Information
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================
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Please see the eCos web site, http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/, for
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further details. This includes the FAQ, a form for reporting problems,
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and details of the various mailing lists
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(http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/intouch.html) At the time of writing
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there are no separate mailing lists for the eCos host-side sources,
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the main mailing list ecos-discuss@sources.redhat.com should be used
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instead.
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//####COPYRIGHTBEGIN####
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//
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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Copyright (C) 2002 Bart Veer
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// Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Red Hat, Inc.
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//
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// This file is part of the eCos host tools.
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//
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// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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// under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
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// Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
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// any later version.
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//
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// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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// ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
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// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
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// more details.
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//
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// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
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// this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
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// 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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//
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// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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//
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//####COPYRIGHTEND####
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