Subversion Repositories System09

--===========================================================================--
--                                                                           --
--                  Synthesizable 6850 compatible ACIA                       --
--                                                                           --
--===========================================================================--
--
--  File name      : acia6850.vhd
--
--  Entity name    : acia6850
--
--  Purpose        : Implements a RS232 6850 compatible 
--                   Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter (ACIA)
--                  
--  Dependencies   : ieee.std_logic_1164
--                   ieee.numeric_std
--                   ieee.std_logic_unsigned
--
--  Author         : John E. Kent
--
--  Email          : dilbert57@opencores.org      
--
--  Web            : http://opencores.org/project,system09
--
--  Origins        : miniUART written by Ovidiu Lupas olupas@opencores.org
--
--  Registers      :
--
--  IO address + 0 Read - Status Register
--
--     Bit[7] - Interrupt Request Flag
--     Bit[6] - Receive Parity Error (parity bit does not match)
--     Bit[5] - Receive Overrun Error (new character received before last read)
--     Bit[4] - Receive Framing Error (bad stop bit)
--     Bit[3] - Clear To Send level
--     Bit[2] - Data Carrier Detect (lost modem carrier)
--     Bit[1] - Transmit Buffer Empty (ready to accept next transmit character)
--     Bit[0] - Receive Data Ready (character received)
-- 
--  IO address + 0 Write - Control Register
--
--     Bit[7]     - Rx Interupt Enable
--          0     - disabled
--          1     - enabled
--     Bits[6..5] - Transmit Control
--        0 0     - TX interrupt disabled, RTS asserted
--        0 1     - TX interrupt enabled,  RTS asserted
--        1 0     - TX interrupt disabled, RTS cleared
--        1 1     - TX interrupt disabled, RTS asserted, Send Break
--     Bits[4..2] - Word Control
--      0 0 0     - 7 data, even parity, 2 stop
--      0 0 1     - 7 data, odd  parity, 2 stop
--      0 1 0     - 7 data, even parity, 1 stop
--      0 1 1     - 7 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
--      1 0 0     - 8 data, no   parity, 2 stop
--      1 0 1     - 8 data, no   parity, 1 stop
--      1 1 0     - 8 data, even parity, 1 stop
--      1 1 1     - 8 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
--     Bits[1..0] - Baud Control
--        0 0     - Baud Clk divide by 1
--        0 1     - Baud Clk divide by 16
--        1 0     - Baud Clk divide by 64
--        1 1     - Reset
--
--  IO address + 1 Read - Receive Data Register
--
--     Read when Receive Data Ready bit set
--     Read resets Receive Data Ready bit 
--
--  IO address + 1 Write - Transmit Data Register
--
--     Write when Transmit Buffer Empty bit set
--     Write resets Transmit Buffer Empty Bit
--
--
--  Copyright (C) 2002 - 2010 John Kent
--
--  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
--  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
--  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
--  (at your option) any later version.
--
--  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
--  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
--  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
--  GNU General Public License for more details.
--
--  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
--  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
--
--===========================================================================--
--                                                                           --
--                              Revision  History                            --
--                                                                           --
--===========================================================================--
--
-- Version Author        Date         Changes
--
-- 0.1     Ovidiu Lupas  2000-01-15   New model
-- 1.0     Ovidiu Lupas  2000-01      Synthesis optimizations
-- 2.0     Ovidiu Lupas  2000-04      Bugs removed - the RSBusCtrl did not
--                                    process all possible situations
--
-- 3.0     John Kent     2002-10      Changed Status bits to match MC6805
--                                    Added CTS, RTS, Baud rate control & Software Reset
-- 3.1     John Kent     2003-01-05   Added Word Format control a'la mc6850
-- 3.2     John Kent     2003-07-19   Latched Data input to UART
-- 3.3     John Kent     2004-01-16   Integrated clkunit in rxunit & txunit
--                                    TX / RX Baud Clock now external
--                                    also supports x1 clock and DCD. 
-- 3.4     John Kent     2005-09-13   Removed LoadCS signal. 
--                                    Fixed ReadCS and Read 
--                                    in miniuart_DCD_Init process
-- 3.5     John Kent     2006-11-28   Cleaned up code.
--
-- 4.0     John Kent     2007-02-03   Renamed ACIA6850
-- 4.1     John Kent     2007-02-06   Made software reset synchronous
-- 4.2     John Kent     2007-02-25   Changed sensitivity lists
--                                    Rearranged Reset process.
-- 4.3     John Kent     2010-06-17   Updated header
-- 4.4     John Kent     2010-08-27   Combined with ACIA_RX & ACIA_TX
--                                    Renamed to acia6850
--
 
library ieee;
  use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
  use ieee.numeric_std.all;
  use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;
--library unisim;
--  use unisim.vcomponents.all;
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Entity for ACIA_6850                                              --
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
entity acia6850 is
  port (
    --
    -- CPU Interface signals
    --
    clk      : in  std_logic;                     -- System Clock
    rst      : in  std_logic;                     -- Reset input (active high)
    cs       : in  std_logic;                     -- miniUART Chip Select
    addr     : in  std_logic;                     -- Register Select
    rw       : in  std_logic;                     -- Read / Not Write
    data_in  : in  std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);  -- Data Bus In 
    data_out : out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);  -- Data Bus Out
    irq      : out std_logic;                     -- Interrupt Request out
    --
    -- RS232 Interface Signals
    --
    RxC   : in  std_logic;              -- Receive Baud Clock
    TxC   : in  std_logic;              -- Transmit Baud Clock
    RxD   : in  std_logic;              -- Receive Data
    TxD   : out std_logic;              -- Transmit Data
    DCD_n : in  std_logic;              -- Data Carrier Detect
    CTS_n : in  std_logic;              -- Clear To Send
    RTS_n : out std_logic               -- Request To send
    );
end acia6850;  --================== End of entity ==============================--
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Architecture for ACIA_6850 Interface registees
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
architecture rtl of acia6850 is
 
  type DCD_State_Type is (DCD_State_Idle, DCD_State_Int, DCD_State_Reset);
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Signals
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  --
  -- Reset signals
  --
  signal ac_rst   : std_logic;          -- Reset (Software & Hardware)
  signal rx_rst   : std_logic;          -- Receive Reset (Software & Hardware)
  signal tx_rst   : std_logic;          -- Transmit Reset (Software & Hardware)
 
  --------------------------------------------------------------------
  --  Status Register: StatReg 
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  --
  -- IO address + 0 Read
  --
  -----------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
  --  Irq    | PErr   | OErr  | FErr   |  CTS   |  DCD   | TxRdy  | RxRdy  |
  -----------+--------+-------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
  --
  -- Irq   - Bit[7] - Interrupt request
  -- PErr  - Bit[6] - Receive Parity error (parity bit does not match)
  -- OErr  - Bit[5] - Receive Overrun error (new character received before last read)
  -- FErr  - Bit[4] - Receive Framing Error (bad stop bit)
  -- CTS   - Bit[3] - Clear To Send level
  -- DCD   - Bit[2] - Data Carrier Detect (lost modem carrier)
  -- TxRdy - Bit[1] - Transmit Buffer Empty (ready to accept next transmit character)
  -- RxRdy - Bit[0] - Receive Data Ready (character received)
  -- 
 
  signal StatReg : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) := (others => '0'); -- status register
 
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  --  Control Register: CtrlReg
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  --
  -- IO address + 0 Write
  --
  -----------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
  --  RXIEnb |TxCtl(1)|TxCtl(0)|WdFmt(2)|WdFmt(1)|WdFmt(0)|BdCtl(1)|BdCtl(0)|
  -----------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+--------+
  -- RxIEnb - Bit[7]
  -- 0       - Rx Interrupt disabled
  -- 1       - Rx Interrupt enabled
  -- TxCtl - Bits[6..5]
  -- 0 1     - Tx Interrupt Enable
  -- 1 0     - RTS high
  -- WdFmt - Bits[4..2]
  -- 0 0 0   - 7 data, even parity, 2 stop
  -- 0 0 1   - 7 data, odd  parity, 2 stop
  -- 0 1 0   - 7 data, even parity, 1 stop
  -- 0 1 1   - 7 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 0 0   - 8 data, no   parity, 2 stop
  -- 1 0 1   - 8 data, no   parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 1 0   - 8 data, even parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 1 1   - 8 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
  -- BdCtl - Bits[1..0]
  -- 0 0     - Baud Clk divide by 1
  -- 0 1     - Baud Clk divide by 16
  -- 1 0     - Baud Clk divide by 64
  -- 1 1     - reset
  signal CtrlReg : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) := (others => '0'); -- control register
 
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receive Register
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  --
  -- IO address + 1     Read
  --
  signal RxReg : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) := (others => '0');
 
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Transmit Register
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  --
  -- IO address + 1     Write
  --
  signal TxReg    : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) := (others => '0');
 
  signal TxDat    : std_logic := '1';   -- Transmit data bit
  signal TxRdy    : std_logic := '0';   -- Transmit buffer empty
  signal RxRdy    : std_logic := '0';   -- Receive Data ready
  --
  signal FErr     : std_logic := '0';   -- Frame error
  signal OErr     : std_logic := '0';   -- Output error
  signal PErr     : std_logic := '0';   -- Parity Error
  --
  signal TxIE     : std_logic := '0';   -- Transmit interrupt enable
  signal RxIE     : std_logic := '0';   -- Receive interrupt enable
  --
  signal RxRd     : std_logic := '0';   -- Read receive buffer
  signal TxWr     : std_logic := '0';   -- Write Transmit buffer
  signal StRd     : std_logic := '0';   -- Read status register
  --
  signal DCDState : DCD_State_Type;     -- DCD Reset state sequencer
  signal DCDDel   : std_logic := '0';   -- Delayed DCD_n
  signal DCDEdge  : std_logic := '0';   -- Rising DCD_N Edge Pulse
  signal DCDInt   : std_logic := '0';   -- DCD Interrupt
 
  signal BdFmt    : std_logic_vector(1 downto 0) := "00";   -- Baud Clock Format
  signal WdFmt    : std_logic_vector(2 downto 0) := "000";  -- Data Word Format
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- RX Signals
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  type RxStateType is ( RxState_Wait, RxState_Data, RxState_Parity, RxState_Stop );
 
  signal RxState    : RxStateType;                  -- receive bit state
 
  signal RxDatDel0  : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Delayed Rx Data
  signal RxDatDel1  : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Delayed Rx Data
  signal RxDatDel2  : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Delayed Rx Data
  signal RxDatEdge  : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Data Edge pulse
 
  signal RxClkDel   : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Delayed Rx Input Clock
  signal RxClkEdge  : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Input Clock Edge pulse
  signal RxStart    : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Start request
  signal RxEnable   : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Enabled
  signal RxClkCnt   : Std_Logic_Vector(5 downto 0) := (others => '0'); -- Rx Baud Clock Counter
  signal RxBdClk    : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Baud Clock
  signal RxBdDel    : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Delayed Rx Baud Clock
 
  signal RxReq      : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Data Valid
  signal RxAck      : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Rx Data Valid
  signal RxParity   : Std_Logic := '0';             -- Calculated RX parity bit
  signal RxBitCount : Std_Logic_Vector(2 downto 0) := (others => '0');  -- Rx Bit counter
  signal RxShiftReg : Std_Logic_Vector(7 downto 0) := (others => '0');  -- Shift Register
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- TX Signals
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  type TxStateType is ( TxState_Idle, TxState_Start, TxState_Data, TxState_Parity, TxState_Stop );
 
  signal TxState     : TxStateType;                   -- Transmitter state
 
  signal TxClkDel    : Std_Logic := '0';              -- Delayed Tx Input Clock
  signal TxClkEdge   : Std_Logic := '0';              -- Tx Input Clock Edge pulse
  signal TxClkCnt    : Std_Logic_Vector(5 downto 0) := (others => '0');  -- Tx Baud Clock Counter
  signal TxBdClk     : Std_Logic := '0';              -- Tx Baud Clock
  signal TxBdDel     : Std_Logic := '0';              -- Delayed Tx Baud Clock
 
  signal TxReq       : std_logic := '0';              -- Request transmit start
  signal TxAck       : std_logic := '0';              -- Acknowledge transmit start
  signal TxParity    : Std_logic := '0';              -- Parity Bit
  signal TxBitCount  : Std_Logic_Vector(2 downto 0) := (others => '0');  -- Data Bit Counter
  signal TxShiftReg  : Std_Logic_Vector(7 downto 0) := (others => '0');  -- Transmit shift register
 
begin
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  -- ACIA Reset may be hardware or software
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_reset : process( clk, rst, ac_rst, dcd_n )
  begin
    --
    -- ACIA reset Synchronous 
    -- Includes software reset
    --
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      ac_rst <= (CtrlReg(1) and CtrlReg(0)) or rst;
    end if;              
    -- Receiver reset
    rx_rst <= ac_rst or DCD_n;
    -- Transmitter reset
    tx_rst <= ac_rst;
 
  end process;
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Generate Read / Write strobes.
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_read_write : process(clk, ac_rst)
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if rst = '1' then
        CtrlReg(1 downto 0) <= "11";
        CtrlReg(7 downto 2) <= (others => '0');
        TxReg   <= (others => '0');
        RxRd  <= '0';
        TxWr  <= '0';
        StRd  <= '0';
      else
        RxRd  <= '0';
        TxWr  <= '0';
        StRd  <= '0';
        if cs = '1' then
          if Addr = '0' then              -- Control / Status register
            if rw = '0' then              -- write control register
              CtrlReg <= data_in;
            else                          -- read status register
              StRd <= '1';
            end if;
          else                            -- Data Register
            if rw = '0' then              -- write transmiter register
              TxReg <= data_in;
              TxWr  <= '1';
            else                          -- read receiver register
              RxRd <= '1';
            end if;
          end if;
        end if;
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- ACIA Status Register
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_status : process( clk )
  begin
    if falling_edge( clk ) then
      StatReg(0) <= RxRdy;                 -- Receive Data Ready
      StatReg(1) <= TxRdy and (not CTS_n); -- Transmit Buffer Empty
      StatReg(2) <= DCDInt;                -- Data Carrier Detect
      StatReg(3) <= CTS_n;                 -- Clear To Send
      StatReg(4) <= FErr;                  -- Framing error
      StatReg(5) <= OErr;                  -- Overrun error
      StatReg(6) <= PErr;                  -- Parity error
      StatReg(7) <= (RxIE and RxRdy) or
                    (RxIE and DCDInt) or
                    (TxIE and TxRdy);
    end if;
  end process;
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- ACIA Transmit Control
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_control : process(CtrlReg, TxDat)
  begin
    case CtrlReg(6 downto 5) is
      when "00" =>                      -- Disable TX Interrupts, Assert RTS
        TxD   <= TxDat;
        TxIE  <= '0';
        RTS_n <= '0';
      when "01" =>                      -- Enable TX interrupts, Assert RTS
        TxD   <= TxDat;
        TxIE  <= '1';
        RTS_n <= '0';
      when "10" =>                      -- Disable Tx Interrupts, Clear RTS
        TxD   <= TxDat;
        TxIE  <= '0';
        RTS_n <= '1';
      when "11" =>                      -- Disable Tx interrupts, Assert RTS, send break
        TxD   <= '0';
        TxIE  <= '0';
        RTS_n <= '0';
      when others =>
        null;
    end case;
 
    RxIE  <= CtrlReg(7);
    WdFmt <= CtrlReg(4 downto 2);
    BdFmt <= CtrlReg(1 downto 0);
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Set Data Output Multiplexer
  --------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_data_mux : process(Addr, RxReg, StatReg)
  begin
    if Addr = '1' then
      data_out <= RxReg;               -- read receiver register
    else
      data_out <= StatReg;               -- read status register
    end if;
  end process;
 
  irq <= StatReg(7);
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Data Carrier Detect Edge rising edge detect
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_dcd_edge : process( clk, ac_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if ac_rst = '1' then
        DCDDel  <= '0';
        DCDEdge <= '0';
      else
        DCDDel  <= DCD_n;
        DCDEdge <= DCD_n and (not DCDDel);
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Data Carrier Detect Interrupt
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  -- If Data Carrier is lost, an interrupt is generated
  -- To clear the interrupt, first read the status register
  --      then read the data receive register
 
  acia_dcd_int : process( clk, ac_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if ac_rst = '1' then
        DCDInt   <= '0';
        DCDState <= DCD_State_Idle;
      else
        case DCDState is
        when DCD_State_Idle =>
          -- DCD Edge activates interrupt
          if DCDEdge = '1' then
            DCDInt   <= '1';
            DCDState <= DCD_State_Int;
          end if;
        when DCD_State_Int =>
          -- To reset DCD interrupt, 
          -- First read status
          if StRd = '1' then
            DCDState <= DCD_State_Reset;
          end if;
        when DCD_State_Reset =>
          -- Then read receive register
          if RxRd = '1' then
            DCDInt   <= '0';
            DCDState <= DCD_State_Idle;
          end if;
        when others =>
          null;
        end case;
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver Clock Edge Detection
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- A rising edge will produce a one clock cycle pulse
 
  acia_rx_clock_edge : process( clk, rx_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if rx_rst = '1' then
        RxClkDel  <= '0';
        RxClkEdge <= '0';
      else
        RxClkDel  <= RxC;
        RxClkEdge <= (not RxClkDel) and RxC;
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver Data Edge Detection
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- A falling edge will produce a pulse on RxClk wide
 
  acia_rx_data_edge : process( clk, rx_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if rx_rst = '1' then
        RxDatDel0 <= '0';
        RxDatDel1 <= '0';
        RxDatDel2 <= '0';
        RxDatEdge <= '0';
      else
        RxDatDel0 <= RxD;
        RxDatDel1 <= RxDatDel0;
        RxDatDel2 <= RxDatDel1;
        RxDatEdge <= RxDatDel0 and (not RxD);
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver Start / Stop
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Enable the receive clock on detection of a start bit
  -- Disable the receive clock after a byte is received.
 
  acia_rx_start_stop : process( clk, rx_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if rx_rst = '1' then
        RxEnable <= '0';
        RxStart  <= '0';
      elsif (RxEnable = '0') and (RxDatEdge = '1') then
        -- Data Edge detected 
        RxStart  <= '1';                    -- Request Start and
        RxEnable <= '1';                    -- Enable Receive Clock
      elsif (RxStart = '1') and (RxAck = '1') then
        -- Data is being received
        RxStart <= '0';                     -- Reset Start Request
      elsif (RxStart = '0') and (RxAck = '0') then
        -- Data has now been received
        RxEnable <= '0';                    -- Disable Receiver until next Start Bit
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver Clock Divider
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Hold the Rx Clock divider in reset when the receiver is disabled
  -- Advance the count only on a rising Rx clock edge
 
  acia_rx_clock_divide : process( clk, rx_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if rx_rst = '1' then
        RxClkCnt  <= (others => '0');
      elsif RxDatEdge = '1' then
        -- reset on falling data edge
        RxClkCnt <= (others => '0');   
      elsif RxClkEdge = '1' then          
        -- increment count on Clock edge
        RxClkCnt <= RxClkCnt + "000001";
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver Baud Clock Selector
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- BdFmt
  -- 0 0     - Baud Clk divide by 1
  -- 0 1     - Baud Clk divide by 16
  -- 1 0     - Baud Clk divide by 64
  -- 1 1     - Reset
  --
  acia_rx_baud_clock_select : process( BdFmt, RxC, RxClkCnt )
  begin
    case BdFmt is
      when "00" =>	                        -- Div by 1
        RxBdClk <= RxC;
      when "01" =>	                        -- Div by 16
        RxBdClk <= RxClkCnt(3);
      when "10" =>	                        -- Div by 64
        RxBdClk <= RxClkCnt(5);
      when others =>                         -- Software Reset
        RxBdClk <= '0';
    end case;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver process
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- WdFmt - Bits[4..2]
  -- 0 0 0   - 7 data, even parity, 2 stop
  -- 0 0 1   - 7 data, odd  parity, 2 stop
  -- 0 1 0   - 7 data, even parity, 1 stop
  -- 0 1 1   - 7 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 0 0   - 8 data, no   parity, 2 stop
  -- 1 0 1   - 8 data, no   parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 1 0   - 8 data, even parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 1 1   - 8 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
 
  acia_rx_receive : process( clk, rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge( clk ) then
      if rx_rst = '1' then
        FErr       <= '0';
        OErr       <= '0';
        PErr       <= '0';
        RxShiftReg <= (others => '0');       -- Reset Shift register
        RxReg      <= (others => '0');
        RxParity   <= '0';                   -- reset Parity bit
        RxAck      <= '0';                   -- Receiving data
        RxBitCount <= (others => '0');
        RxState    <= RxState_Wait;
      else
        RxBdDel      <= RxBdClk;
        if RxBdDel = '0' and RxBdClk = '1' then
          case RxState is
          when RxState_Wait =>
            RxShiftReg <= (others => '0');   -- Reset Shift register
            RxParity   <= '0';               -- Reset Parity bit
            if WdFmt(2) = '0' then           -- WdFmt(2) = '0' => 7 data bits
              RxBitCount <= "110";
            else                             -- WdFmt(2) = '1' => 8 data bits
              RxBitCount <= "111";
            end if;
            if RxDatDel2 = '0' then          -- look for start bit
              RxState <= RxState_Data;       -- if low, start reading data
            end if;
 
          when RxState_Data =>               -- Receiving data bits 
            RxShiftReg <= RxDatDel2 & RxShiftReg(7 downto 1);
            RxParity   <= RxParity xor RxDatDel2;
            RxAck      <= '1';               -- Flag receive in progress
            RxBitCount <= RxBitCount - "001";
            if RxBitCount = "000" then
              if WdFmt(2) = '0' then         -- WdFmt(2) = '0' => 7 data
                RxState <= RxState_Parity;   -- 7 bits always has parity
              elsif WdFmt(1) = '0' then      -- WdFmt(2) = '1' => 8 data			         
                RxState <= RxState_Stop;     -- WdFmt(1) = '0' => no parity
                PErr <= '0';               -- Reset Parity Error
              else
                RxState <= RxState_Parity;   -- WdFmt(1) = '1' => 8 data + parity
              end if;
            end if;
 
          when RxState_Parity =>             -- Receive Parity bit
            if WdFmt(2) = '0' then           -- if 7 data bits, shift parity into MSB
              RxShiftReg <= RxDatDel2 & RxShiftReg(7 downto 1); -- 7 data + parity
            end if;
            if RxParity = (RxDatDel2 xor WdFmt(0)) then
              PErr <= '1';                 -- If parity not the same flag error
            else
              PErr <= '0';
            end if;
            RxState <= RxState_Stop;
 
          when RxState_Stop =>             -- stop bit (Only one required for RX)
            RxAck  <= '0';                 -- Flag Receive Complete
            RxReg <= RxShiftReg;
            if RxDatDel2 = '1' then        -- stop bit expected
              FErr <= '0';                 -- yes, no framing error
            else
              FErr <= '1';                 -- no, framing error
            end if;
            if RxRdy = '1' then            -- Has previous data been read ? 
              OErr <= '1';                 -- no, overrun error
            else
              OErr <= '0';                 -- yes, no over run error
            end if;
            RxState <= RxState_Wait;
 
          when others =>
            RxAck   <= '0';                -- Flag Receive Complete
            RxState <= RxState_Wait;
          end case;
        end if;
      end if;
    end if;
 
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Receiver Read process
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_rx_read : process( clk, rst, RxRdy )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if rx_rst = '1' then
        RxRdy <= '0';
        RxReq <= '0';
      elsif RxRd = '1' then
        -- Data was read,        
        RxRdy <= '0';                        -- Reset receive full
        RxReq <= '1';                        -- Request more data
      elsif RxReq = '1' and RxAck = '1' then
        -- Data is being received
        RxReq <= '0';                        -- reset receive request
      elsif RxReq = '0' and RxAck = '0' then
        -- Data now received
        RxRdy <= '1';                        -- Flag RxRdy and read Shift Register
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Transmit Clock Edge Detection
  -- A falling edge will produce a one clock cycle pulse
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_tx_clock_edge : process( Clk, tx_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if tx_rst = '1' then
        TxClkDel  <= '0';
        TxClkEdge <= '0';
      else
        TxClkDel  <= TxC;
        TxClkEdge <= TxClkDel and (not TxC);
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Transmit Clock Divider
  -- Advance the count only on an input clock pulse
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_tx_clock_divide : process( clk, tx_rst )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if tx_rst = '1' then
        TxClkCnt <= (others=>'0');
      elsif TxClkEdge = '1' then 
        TxClkCnt <= TxClkCnt + "000001";
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Transmit Baud Clock Selector
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_tx_baud_clock_select : process( BdFmt, TxClkCnt, TxC )
  begin
    -- BdFmt
    -- 0 0     - Baud Clk divide by 1
    -- 0 1     - Baud Clk divide by 16
    -- 1 0     - Baud Clk divide by 64
    -- 1 1     - reset
    case BdFmt is
      when "00" =>	                         -- Div by 1
        TxBdClk <= TxC;
      when "01" =>	                         -- Div by 16
        TxBdClk <= TxClkCnt(3);
      when "10" =>	                         -- Div by 64
        TxBdClk <= TxClkCnt(5);
      when others =>                          -- Software reset
        TxBdClk <= '0';
    end case;
  end process;
 
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Implements the Tx unit
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- WdFmt - Bits[4..2]
  -- 0 0 0   - 7 data, even parity, 2 stop
  -- 0 0 1   - 7 data, odd  parity, 2 stop
  -- 0 1 0   - 7 data, even parity, 1 stop
  -- 0 1 1   - 7 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 0 0   - 8 data, no   parity, 2 stop
  -- 1 0 1   - 8 data, no   parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 1 0   - 8 data, even parity, 1 stop
  -- 1 1 1   - 8 data, odd  parity, 1 stop
 
  acia_tx_transmit : process( clk, tx_rst)
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if tx_rst = '1' then
        TxDat      <= '1';
        TxShiftReg <= (others=>'0');
        TxParity   <= '0';
        TxBitCount <= (others=>'0');
        TxAck      <= '0';
        TxState    <= TxState_Idle;
      else
 
        TxBdDel <= TxBdClk;
        -- On rising edge of baud clock, run the state machine
        if TxBdDel = '0' and TxBdClk = '1' then
 
          case TxState is
          when TxState_Idle =>
            TxDat <= '1';
            if TxReq = '1' then
              TxShiftReg <= TxReg;              -- Load Shift reg with Tx Data
              TxAck      <= '1';
              TxState    <= TxState_Start;
            end if;
 
          when TxState_Start =>
            TxDat    <= '0';                    -- Start bit
            TxParity <= '0';
            if WdFmt(2) = '0' then
              TxBitCount <= "110";              -- 7 data + parity
            else
              TxBitCount <= "111";              -- 8 data
            end if;
            TxState <= TxState_Data;
 
          when TxState_Data =>
            TxDat      <= TxShiftReg(0);
            TxShiftReg <= '1' & TxShiftReg(7 downto 1);
            TxParity   <= TxParity xor TxShiftReg(0);
            TxBitCount <= TxBitCount - "001";  
            if TxBitCount = "000" then
              if (WdFmt(2) = '1') and (WdFmt(1) = '0') then
                if WdFmt(0) = '0' then        -- 8 data bits
                  TxState <= TxState_Stop;    -- 2 stops
                else
                  TxAck   <= '0';
                  TxState <= TxState_Idle;    -- 1 stop
                end if;
              else
                TxState <= TxState_Parity;    -- parity
              end if;
            end if;
 
          when TxState_Parity =>              -- 7/8 data + parity bit
            if WdFmt(0) = '0' then
              TxDat <= not(TxParity);         -- even parity
            else
              TxDat <= TxParity;              -- odd parity
            end if;
            if WdFmt(1) = '0' then
              TxState <= TxState_Stop;        -- 2 stops
            else
              TxAck   <= '0';
              TxState <= TxState_Idle;        -- 1 stop
            end if;
 
          when TxState_Stop =>                -- first of two stop bits
            TxDat   <= '1';
            TxAck   <= '0';
            TxState <= TxState_Idle;
 
          end case;
        end if;
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- Transmitter Write process
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  acia_tx_write : process( clk, tx_rst, TxWr, TxReq, TxAck )
  begin
    if falling_edge(clk) then
      if tx_rst = '1' then
        TxRdy <= '0';
        TxReq <= '0';
      elsif TxWr = '1' then
        -- Data was read,        
        TxRdy <= '0';                        -- Reset transmit empty
        TxReq <= '1';                        -- Request data transmit
      elsif TxReq = '1' and TxAck = '1' then -- Data is being transmitted
        TxReq <= '0';                        -- reset transmit request
      elsif TxReq = '0' and TxAck = '0' then -- Data transmitted
        TxRdy <= '1';                        -- Flag TxRdy
      end if;
    end if;
  end process;
 
end rtl;