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// #################################################################################################
// # << NEORV32 - SPI Bus Explorer Demo Program >>                                                 #
// # ********************************************************************************************* #
// # BSD 3-Clause License                                                                          #
// #                                                                                               #
// # Copyright (c) 2021, Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                                     #
// #                                                                                               #
// # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are          #
// # permitted provided that the following conditions are met:                                     #
// #                                                                                               #
// # 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of        #
// #    conditions and the following disclaimer.                                                   #
// #                                                                                               #
// # 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of     #
// #    conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials        #
// #    provided with the distribution.                                                            #
// #                                                                                               #
// # 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to  #
// #    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written      #
// #    permission.                                                                                #
// #                                                                                               #
// # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS   #
// # OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF               #
// # MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE    #
// # COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,     #
// # EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE #
// # GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED    #
// # AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING     #
// # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  #
// # OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.                                                            #
// # ********************************************************************************************* #
// # The NEORV32 Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              (c) Stephan Nolting #
// #################################################################################################
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * @file demo_spi/main.c
 * @author Stephan Nolting
 * @brief SPI bus explorer (execute SPI transactions by hand).
 **************************************************************************/
 
#include <neorv32.h>
#include <string.h>
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * @name User configuration
 **************************************************************************/
/**@{*/
/** UART BAUD rate */
#define BAUD_RATE 19200
/**@}*/
 
 
// Global variables
uint32_t spi_configured;
uint32_t spi_size; // data quantity in bytes
 
// Prototypes
void spi_cs(uint32_t type);
void spi_trans(void);
void spi_setup(void);
void flash_write(void);
void flash_read(void);
uint32_t hexstr_to_uint(char *buffer, uint8_t length);
void aux_print_hex_byte(uint8_t byte);
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * SPI flash commands
 **************************************************************************/
enum SPI_FLASH_CMD {
  SPI_FLASH_CMD_WRITE    = 0x02, /**< Write data */
  SPI_FLASH_CMD_READ     = 0x03, /**< Read data */
  SPI_FLASH_CMD_READ_SR  = 0x05, /**< Get status register */
  SPI_FLASH_CMD_WREN     = 0x06  /**< Enable write access */
};
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * This program provides an interactive console to communicate with SPI devices.
 *
 * @note This program requires the UART and the SPI to be synthesized.
 *
 * @return Irrelevant.
 **************************************************************************/
int main() {
 
  char buffer[16];
  int length = 0;
 
 
  // capture all exceptions and give debug info via UART
  // this is not required, but keeps us safe
  neorv32_rte_setup();
 
  // init UART0 at default baud rate, no parity bits, ho hw flow control
  neorv32_uart0_setup(BAUD_RATE, PARITY_NONE, FLOW_CONTROL_NONE);
 
 
  // check if UART0 unit is implemented at all
  if (neorv32_uart0_available() == 0) {
    return 1;
  }
 
  // intro
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\n<<< SPI Bus Explorer >>>\n\n");
 
  // check if SPI unit is implemented at all
  if (neorv32_spi_available() == 0) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("No SPI unit implemented.");
    return 1;
  }
 
  // info
  neorv32_uart0_printf("This program allows to create SPI transfers by hand.\n"
                      "Type 'help' to see the help menu.\n\n");
 
  // disable and reset SPI module
  NEORV32_SPI.CTRL = 0;
  spi_configured = 0; // SPI not configured yet
  spi_size = 0;
 
 
  // Main menu
  for (;;) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("SPI_EXPLORER:> ");
    length = neorv32_uart0_scan(buffer, 15, 1);
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
 
    if (!length) // nothing to be done
     continue;
 
    // decode input and execute command
    if (!strcmp(buffer, "help")) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("Available commands:\n"
                          " help     - show this text\n"
                          " setup    - configure SPI module (clock speed and mode, data size)\n"
                          " cs-en    - enable CS line (set low)\n"
                          " cs-dis   - disable CS line (set high)\n"
                          " trans    - execute a transmission (write & read to/from SPI)\n"
                          "\n"
                          " flash-wr - write binary file to SPI flash\n"
                          " flash-rd - dump SPI flash\n"
                          "\n"
                          "Configure the SPI module using 'setup'. Enable a certain module using 'cs-en',\n"
                          "then transfer data using 'trans' and disable the module again using 'cs-dis'.\n"
                          "\n"
                          "Standard SPI flash and EEPROM memories can be programmed/read\n"
                          "via 'flash-wr' and 'flash-rd'.\n\n");
    }
    else if (!strcmp(buffer, "setup")) {
      spi_setup();
    }
    else if (!strcmp(buffer, "cs-en")) {
      spi_cs(1);
    }
    else if (!strcmp(buffer, "cs-dis")) {
      spi_cs(0);
    }
    else if (!strcmp(buffer, "trans")) {
      spi_trans();
    }
    else if (!strcmp(buffer, "flash-wr")) {
      flash_write();
    }
    else if (!strcmp(buffer, "flash-rd")) {
      flash_read();
    }
    else {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("Invalid command. Type 'help' to see all commands.\n");
    }
  }
 
  return 0;
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * Enable or disable chip-select line
 *
 * @param[in] type 0=disable, 1=enable
 **************************************************************************/
void spi_cs(uint32_t type) {
 
  char terminal_buffer[2];
  uint8_t channel;
 
  if (type) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("Select chip-select line to enable (set low) [0..7]: ");
  }
  else {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("Select chip-select line to disable (set high) [0..7]: ");
  }
 
  while (1) {
    neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1); // 1 hex char plus '\0'
    channel = (uint8_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if (channel > 7) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid channel selection!\n");
      return;
    }
    else {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
      break;
    }
  }
 
  if (type) {
    neorv32_spi_cs_en(channel);
  }
  else {
    neorv32_spi_cs_dis(channel);
  }
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * SPI data transfer
 **************************************************************************/
void spi_trans(void) {
 
  char terminal_buffer[9];
 
  if (spi_configured == 0) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("SPI module not configured yet! Use 'setup' to configure SPI module.\n");
    return;
  }
 
  neorv32_uart0_printf("Enter TX data (%u hex chars): 0x", spi_size*2);
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, spi_size*2+1, 1);
  uint32_t tx_data = (uint32_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
 
  uint32_t rx_data = neorv32_spi_trans(tx_data);
 
  if (spi_size == 1) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nTX data: 0x");
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(tx_data));
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nRX data: 0x");
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(rx_data));
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
  }
  else if (spi_size == 2) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nTX data: 0x");
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(tx_data >> 8));
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(tx_data));
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nRX data: 0x");
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(rx_data >> 8));
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(rx_data));
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
  }
  else if (spi_size == 3) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nTX data: 0x");
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(tx_data >> 16));
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(tx_data >> 8));
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(tx_data));
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nRX data: 0x");
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(rx_data >> 16));
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(rx_data >> 8));
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)(rx_data));
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
  }
  else {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nTX data: 0x%x\n", tx_data);
    neorv32_uart0_printf("RX data: 0x%x\n", rx_data);
  }
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * Configure SPI module
 **************************************************************************/
void spi_setup(void) {
 
  char terminal_buffer[9];
  uint8_t spi_prsc, clk_phase, clk_pol, data_size;
  uint32_t tmp;
 
  // ---- SPI clock ----
 
  while (1) {
  neorv32_uart0_printf("Select SPI clock prescaler (0..7): ");
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1);
  tmp = (uint32_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if (tmp > 8) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid selection!\n");
    }
    else {
      spi_prsc = (uint8_t)tmp;
      break;
    }
  }
 
  uint32_t div = 0;
  switch (spi_prsc) {
    case 0: div = 2 * 2; break;
    case 1: div = 2 * 4; break;
    case 2: div = 2 * 8; break;
    case 3: div = 2 * 64; break;
    case 4: div = 2 * 128; break;
    case 5: div = 2 * 1024; break;
    case 6: div = 2 * 2048; break;
    case 7: div = 2 * 4096; break;
    default: div = 0; break;
  }
  uint32_t clock = NEORV32_SYSINFO.CLK / div;
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\n+ New SPI clock speed = %u Hz\n", clock);
 
  // ---- SPI clock mode ----
 
  while (1) {
  neorv32_uart0_printf("Select SPI clock mode (0..3): ");
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1);
  tmp = (uint32_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if (tmp > 4) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid selection!\n");
    }
    else {
      clk_pol   = (uint8_t)((tmp >> 1) & 1);
      clk_phase = (uint8_t)(tmp & 1);
      break;
    }
  }
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\n+ New SPI clock mode = %u\n", tmp);
 
  // ---- SPI transfer data quantity ----
 
  while (1) {
  neorv32_uart0_printf("Select SPI data transfer size in bytes (1,2,3,4): ");
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1);
  tmp = (uint32_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if ( (tmp < 1) || (tmp > 4)) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid selection!\n");
    }
    else {
      data_size = (uint8_t)(tmp - 1);
      break;
    }
  }
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\n+ New SPI data size = %u-byte(s)\n\n", tmp);
 
  neorv32_spi_setup(spi_prsc, clk_phase, clk_pol, data_size);
  spi_configured = 1; // SPI is configured now
  spi_size = tmp;
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * Read (dump) flash
 **************************************************************************/
void flash_read(void) {
 
  char terminal_buffer[9];
  uint32_t tmp, addr, channel, num_addr_bytes;
 
  if (spi_configured == 0) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("SPI module not configured yet! Use 'setup' to configure SPI module.\n");
    return;
  }
 
  // configure 8-bit SPI mode
  tmp = NEORV32_SPI.CTRL;
  tmp &= ~(0x03 << SPI_CTRL_SIZE0);
  NEORV32_SPI.CTRL = tmp;
  neorv32_uart0_printf("Warning! SPI size configuration has been overridden!\n");
 
  // how many address bytes?
  while (1) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("Enter number of address bytes (2,3): ");
    neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1); // 1 hex char plus '\0'
    num_addr_bytes = hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if ((num_addr_bytes < 2) || (num_addr_bytes > 3)) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid channel selection!\n");
      continue;
    }
    else {
      break;
    }
  }
 
  // chip-select
  while (1) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nSelect flash chip-select line [0..7]: ");
    neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1); // 1 hex char plus '\0'
    channel = hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if (channel > 7) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid channel selection!\n");
      continue;
    }
    else {
      break;
    }
  }
 
  // base address
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\nEnter base address (8 hex chars): 0x");
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 9, 1);
  addr = (uint32_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
 
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\nPress any key to start. Press any key to stop reading.\n");
  while(neorv32_uart0_char_received() == 0);
 
  while(1) {
    if (neorv32_uart0_char_received()) { // abort when key pressed
      break;
    }
 
    if ((addr & 0x1f) == 0) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\n%x: ", addr);
    }
 
    // read byte
    neorv32_spi_cs_en((uint8_t)channel);
    neorv32_spi_trans(SPI_FLASH_CMD_READ);
    if (num_addr_bytes == 3) {
      neorv32_spi_trans(addr >> 16);
    }
    neorv32_spi_trans(addr >> 8);
    neorv32_spi_trans(addr >> 0);
    tmp = neorv32_spi_trans(0);
    neorv32_spi_cs_dis((uint8_t)channel);
 
    aux_print_hex_byte((uint8_t)tmp);
    neorv32_uart0_putc(' ');
 
    addr++;
  }
 
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
  spi_configured = 0;
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * Write flash
 **************************************************************************/
void flash_write(void) {
 
  neorv32_uart0_printf("work-in-progress\n");
  return;
 
  char terminal_buffer[9], rx_data;
  uint32_t tmp, addr, channel, num_data_bytes, num_addr_bytes;
  int res;
 
  if (spi_configured == 0) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("SPI module not configured yet! Use 'setup' to configure SPI module.\n");
    return;
  }
 
  // configure 8-bit SPI mode
  tmp = NEORV32_SPI.CTRL;
  tmp &= ~(0x03 << SPI_CTRL_SIZE0);
  NEORV32_SPI.CTRL = tmp;
  neorv32_uart0_printf("Warning! SPI size configuration has been overridden!\n");
 
  // how many address bytes?
  while (1) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("Enter number of address bytes (2,3): ");
    neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1); // 1 hex char plus '\0'
    num_addr_bytes = hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if ((num_addr_bytes < 2) || (num_addr_bytes > 3)) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid channel selection!\n");
      continue;
    }
    else {
      break;
    }
  }
 
  // how many bytes?
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\nEnter total number of bytes to write (%u hex chars): ", num_addr_bytes*2);
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, num_addr_bytes*2+1, 1); // 1 hex char plus '\0'
  num_data_bytes = hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
 
  // chip-select
  while (1) {
    neorv32_uart0_printf("\nSelect flash chip-select line [0..7]: ");
    neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 2, 1); // 1 hex char plus '\0'
    channel = hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
    if (channel > 7) {
      neorv32_uart0_printf("\nInvalid channel selection!\n");
      continue;
    }
    else {
      break;
    }
  }
 
  // base address
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\nEnter base address (8 hex chars): 0x");
  neorv32_uart0_scan(terminal_buffer, 9, 1);
  addr = (uint32_t)hexstr_to_uint(terminal_buffer, strlen(terminal_buffer));
 
  // start!
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\nSend raw data via UART (%u bytes)...\n", num_data_bytes);
  while (neorv32_uart0_tx_busy());
 
  // clear UART0 FIFOs
  neorv32_uart0_disable();
  neorv32_uart0_enable();
 
  while (num_data_bytes) {
 
    // write enable
    neorv32_spi_cs_en((uint8_t)channel);
    neorv32_spi_trans(SPI_FLASH_CMD_WREN);
    neorv32_spi_cs_dis((uint8_t)channel);
 
    // get new UART data
    while(1) {
      res = neorv32_uart0_getc_safe(&rx_data);
      if (res == -1) {
        continue;
      }
      if (res == 0) {
        break;
      }
      else {
        neorv32_uart0_printf("UART transmission error (%i)!\n", res);
        return;
      }
    }
 
    // write byte
    neorv32_spi_cs_en((uint8_t)channel);
    neorv32_spi_trans(SPI_FLASH_CMD_WRITE);
    if (num_addr_bytes == 3) {
      neorv32_spi_trans(addr >> 16);
    }
    neorv32_spi_trans(addr >> 8);
    neorv32_spi_trans(addr >> 0);
    neorv32_spi_trans((uint32_t)rx_data);
    neorv32_spi_cs_dis((uint8_t)channel);
 
    // check status register
    while (1) {
      neorv32_spi_cs_en((uint8_t)channel);
      neorv32_spi_trans(SPI_FLASH_CMD_READ_SR);
      tmp = neorv32_spi_trans(0);
      neorv32_spi_cs_dis((uint8_t)channel);
      if ((tmp & 0x01) == 0) { // write-in-progress flag cleared?
        break;
      }
    }
 
    addr++;
    num_data_bytes--;
  }
 
  neorv32_uart0_printf("\n");
  spi_configured = 0;
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * Helper function to convert N hex chars string into uint32_T
 *
 * @param[in,out] buffer Pointer to array of chars to convert into number.
 * @param[in,out] length Length of the conversion string.
 * @return Converted number.
 **************************************************************************/
uint32_t hexstr_to_uint(char *buffer, uint8_t length) {
 
  uint32_t res = 0, d = 0;
  char c = 0;
 
  while (length--) {
    c = *buffer++;
 
    if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9'))
      d = (uint32_t)(c - '0');
    else if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f'))
      d = (uint32_t)((c - 'a') + 10);
    else if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'F'))
      d = (uint32_t)((c - 'A') + 10);
    else
      d = 0;
 
    res = res + (d << (length*4));
  }
 
  return res;
}
 
 
/**********************************************************************//**
 * Print HEX byte.
 *
 * @param[in] byte Byte to be printed as 2-cahr hex value.
 **************************************************************************/
void aux_print_hex_byte(uint8_t byte) {
 
  static const char symbols[] = "0123456789abcdef";
 
  neorv32_uart0_putc(symbols[(byte >> 4) & 0x0f]);
  neorv32_uart0_putc(symbols[(byte >> 0) & 0x0f]);
}