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//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) 2001 Authors
//
// This source file may be used and distributed without restriction provided
// that this copyright statement is not removed from the file and that any
// derivative work contains the original copyright notice and the associated
// disclaimer.
//
// This source file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
// by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// This source is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
// ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public
// License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with this source; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
// Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// *File Name: omsp_frontend.v
// 
// *Module Description:
//                       openMSP430 Instruction fetch and decode unit
//
// *Author(s):
//              - Olivier Girard,    olgirard@gmail.com
//
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// $Rev: 53 $
// $LastChangedBy: olivier.girard $
// $LastChangedDate: 2010-01-27 19:17:14 +0100 (Wed, 27 Jan 2010) $
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
`include "timescale.v"
`include "openMSP430_defines.v"
 
module  omsp_frontend (
 
// OUTPUTs
    dbg_halt_st,                   // Halt/Run status from CPU
    decode_noirq,                  // Frontend decode instruction
    e_state,                       // Execution state
    exec_done,                     // Execution completed
    inst_ad,                       // Decoded Inst: destination addressing mode
    inst_as,                       // Decoded Inst: source addressing mode
    inst_alu,                      // ALU control signals
    inst_bw,                       // Decoded Inst: byte width
    inst_dest,                     // Decoded Inst: destination (one hot)
    inst_dext,                     // Decoded Inst: destination extended instruction word
    inst_irq_rst,                  // Decoded Inst: Reset interrupt
    inst_jmp,                      // Decoded Inst: Conditional jump
    inst_sext,                     // Decoded Inst: source extended instruction word
    inst_so,                       // Decoded Inst: Single-operand arithmetic
    inst_src,                      // Decoded Inst: source (one hot)
    inst_type,                     // Decoded Instruction type
    irq_acc,                       // Interrupt request accepted (one-hot signal)
    mab,                           // Frontend Memory address bus
    mb_en,                         // Frontend Memory bus enable
    nmi_acc,                       // Non-Maskable interrupt request accepted
    pc,                            // Program counter
    pc_nxt,                        // Next PC value (for CALL & IRQ)
 
// INPUTs
    cpuoff,                        // Turns off the CPU
    dbg_halt_cmd,                  // Halt CPU command
    dbg_reg_sel,                   // Debug selected register for rd/wr access
    fe_pmem_wait,                  // Frontend wait for Instruction fetch
    gie,                           // General interrupt enable
    irq,                           // Maskable interrupts
    mclk,                          // Main system clock
    mdb_in,                        // Frontend Memory data bus input
    nmi_evt,                       // Non-maskable interrupt event
    pc_sw,                         // Program counter software value
    pc_sw_wr,                      // Program counter software write
    puc,                           // Main system reset
    wdt_irq                        // Watchdog-timer interrupt
);
 
// OUTPUTs
//=========
output              dbg_halt_st;   // Halt/Run status from CPU
output              decode_noirq;  // Frontend decode instruction
output        [3:0] e_state;       // Execution state
output              exec_done;     // Execution completed
output        [7:0] inst_ad;       // Decoded Inst: destination addressing mode
output        [7:0] inst_as;       // Decoded Inst: source addressing mode
output       [11:0] inst_alu;      // ALU control signals
output              inst_bw;       // Decoded Inst: byte width
output       [15:0] inst_dest;     // Decoded Inst: destination (one hot)
output       [15:0] inst_dext;     // Decoded Inst: destination extended instruction word
output              inst_irq_rst;  // Decoded Inst: Reset interrupt
output        [7:0] inst_jmp;      // Decoded Inst: Conditional jump
output       [15:0] inst_sext;     // Decoded Inst: source extended instruction word
output        [7:0] inst_so;       // Decoded Inst: Single-operand arithmetic
output       [15:0] inst_src;      // Decoded Inst: source (one hot)
output        [2:0] inst_type;     // Decoded Instruction type
output       [13:0] irq_acc;       // Interrupt request accepted (one-hot signal)
output       [15:0] mab;           // Frontend Memory address bus
output              mb_en;         // Frontend Memory bus enable
output              nmi_acc;       // Non-Maskable interrupt request accepted
output       [15:0] pc;            // Program counter
output       [15:0] pc_nxt;        // Next PC value (for CALL & IRQ)
 
// INPUTs
//=========
input               cpuoff;        // Turns off the CPU
input               dbg_halt_cmd;  // Halt CPU command
input         [3:0] dbg_reg_sel;   // Debug selected register for rd/wr access
input               fe_pmem_wait;  // Frontend wait for Instruction fetch
input 	            gie;           // General interrupt enable
input 	     [13:0] irq;           // Maskable interrupts
input               mclk;          // Main system clock
input        [15:0] mdb_in;        // Frontend Memory data bus input
input 	            nmi_evt;       // Non-maskable interrupt event
input        [15:0] pc_sw;         // Program counter software value
input               pc_sw_wr;      // Program counter software write
input               puc;           // Main system reset
input               wdt_irq;       // Watchdog-timer interrupt
 
 
//=============================================================================
// 1)  FRONTEND STATE MACHINE
//=============================================================================
 
// The wire "conv" is used as state bits to calculate the next response
reg  [2:0] i_state;
reg  [2:0] i_state_nxt;
 
reg  [1:0] inst_sz;
wire [1:0] inst_sz_nxt;
wire       irq_detect;
wire [2:0] inst_type_nxt;
wire       is_const;
reg [15:0] sconst_nxt;
reg  [3:0] e_state_nxt;
 
// State machine definitons
parameter I_IRQ_FETCH = 3'h0;
parameter I_IRQ_DONE  = 3'h1;
parameter I_DEC       = 3'h2; // New instruction ready for decode
parameter I_EXT1      = 3'h3; // 1st Extension word
parameter I_EXT2      = 3'h4; // 2nd Extension word
parameter I_IDLE      = 3'h5; // CPU is in IDLE mode
 
// States Transitions
always @(i_state   or inst_sz    or inst_sz_nxt or pc_sw_wr     or exec_done or
         exec_done or irq_detect or cpuoff      or dbg_halt_cmd or e_state)
    case(i_state)
      I_IDLE     : i_state_nxt = (irq_detect & ~dbg_halt_cmd) ? I_IRQ_FETCH :
                                 (~cpuoff    & ~dbg_halt_cmd) ? I_DEC       : I_IDLE;
      I_IRQ_FETCH: i_state_nxt =  I_IRQ_DONE;
      I_IRQ_DONE : i_state_nxt =  I_DEC;
      I_DEC      : i_state_nxt =  irq_detect                  ? I_IRQ_FETCH :
                          (cpuoff | dbg_halt_cmd) & exec_done ? I_IDLE      :
                            dbg_halt_cmd & (e_state==`E_IDLE) ? I_IDLE      :
                                  pc_sw_wr                    ? I_DEC       :
		             ~exec_done & ~(e_state==`E_IDLE) ? I_DEC       :        // Wait in decode state
                                  (inst_sz_nxt!=2'b00)        ? I_EXT1      : I_DEC; // until execution is completed
      I_EXT1     : i_state_nxt =  irq_detect                  ? I_IRQ_FETCH :
                                  pc_sw_wr                    ? I_DEC       : 
                                  (inst_sz!=2'b01)            ? I_EXT2      : I_DEC;
      I_EXT2     : i_state_nxt =  irq_detect                  ? I_IRQ_FETCH : I_DEC;
      default    : i_state_nxt =  I_IRQ_FETCH;
    endcase
 
// State machine
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc) i_state  <= I_IRQ_FETCH;
  else     i_state  <= i_state_nxt;
 
// Utility signals
wire   decode_noirq =  ((i_state==I_DEC) &  (exec_done | (e_state==`E_IDLE)));
wire   decode       =  decode_noirq | irq_detect;
wire   fetch        = ~((i_state==I_DEC) & ~(exec_done | (e_state==`E_IDLE))) & ~(e_state_nxt==`E_IDLE);
 
// Debug interface cpu status
reg    dbg_halt_st;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)  dbg_halt_st <= 1'b0;
  else      dbg_halt_st <= dbg_halt_cmd & (i_state_nxt==I_IDLE);
 
 
//=============================================================================
// 2)  INTERRUPT HANDLING
//=============================================================================
 
// Detect nmi interrupt
reg         inst_nmi;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                      inst_nmi <= 1'b0;
  else if (nmi_evt)             inst_nmi <= 1'b1;
  else if (i_state==I_IRQ_DONE) inst_nmi <= 1'b0;
 
 
// Detect reset interrupt
reg         inst_irq_rst;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                      inst_irq_rst <= 1'b1;
  else if (exec_done)           inst_irq_rst <= 1'b0;
 
//  Detect other interrupts
assign  irq_detect = (inst_nmi | ((|irq | wdt_irq) & gie)) & ~dbg_halt_cmd & (exec_done | (i_state==I_IDLE));
 
// Select interrupt vector
reg  [3:0] irq_num;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)             irq_num <= 4'hf;
  else if (irq_detect) irq_num <= inst_nmi           ?  4'he :
                                  irq[13]            ?  4'hd :
                                  irq[12]            ?  4'hc :
                                  irq[11]            ?  4'hb :
                                 (irq[10] | wdt_irq) ?  4'ha :
                                  irq[9]             ?  4'h9 :
                                  irq[8]             ?  4'h8 :
                                  irq[7]             ?  4'h7 :
                                  irq[6]             ?  4'h6 :
                                  irq[5]             ?  4'h5 :
                                  irq[4]             ?  4'h4 :
                                  irq[3]             ?  4'h3 :
                                  irq[2]             ?  4'h2 :
                                  irq[1]             ?  4'h1 :
                                  irq[0]             ?  4'h0 : 4'hf;
 
wire [15:0] irq_addr    = {11'h7ff, irq_num, 1'b0};
 
// Interrupt request accepted
wire [15:0] irq_acc_all = (16'h0001 << irq_num) & {16{(i_state==I_IRQ_FETCH)}};
wire [13:0] irq_acc     = irq_acc_all[13:0];
wire        nmi_acc     = irq_acc_all[14];
 
 
//=============================================================================
// 3)  FETCH INSTRUCTION
//=============================================================================
 
//
// 3.1) PROGRAM COUNTER & MEMORY INTERFACE
//-----------------------------------------
 
// Program counter
reg  [15:0] pc;
 
// Detect if PC needs to be incremented
wire        pc_inc = (~pc_sw_wr & fetch) & ~(i_state==I_IRQ_FETCH) & ~(i_state==I_IRQ_DONE);
 
// Mux between software update and old PC
wire [15:0] pc_sel  = pc_sw_wr               ? pc_sw    :
                      (i_state==I_IRQ_FETCH) ? irq_addr :
                      (i_state==I_IRQ_DONE)  ? mdb_in   :  pc;
 
// Compute next PC value
wire [15:0] pc_nxt  = pc_sel + {14'h0000, pc_inc, 1'b0};
 
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)  pc <= 16'h0000;
  else      pc <= pc_nxt;
 
// Check if ROM has been busy in order to retry ROM access
reg pmem_busy;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)  pmem_busy <= 16'h0000;
  else      pmem_busy <= fe_pmem_wait;
 
// Memory interface
wire [15:0] mab      = pc_nxt;
wire        mb_en    = fetch | pc_sw_wr | (i_state==I_IRQ_FETCH) | pmem_busy | (dbg_halt_st & ~dbg_halt_cmd);
 
 
//
// 3.2) INSTRUCTION REGISTER
//--------------------------------
 
// Instruction register
wire [15:0] ir  = mdb_in;
 
// Detect if source extension word is required
wire is_sext = (inst_as[`IDX] | inst_as[`SYMB] | inst_as[`ABS] | inst_as[`IMM]);
 
// Detect if destination extension word is required
wire is_dext = (inst_ad[`IDX] | inst_ad[`SYMB] | inst_ad[`ABS]);
 
// For the Symbolic addressing mode, add -2 to the extension word in order
// to make up for the PC address
wire [15:0] ext_incr = ((i_state==I_EXT1)     &  inst_as[`SYMB]) |
                       ((i_state==I_EXT2)     &  inst_ad[`SYMB]) |
                       ((i_state==I_EXT1)     & ~inst_as[`SYMB] &
                       ~(i_state_nxt==I_EXT2) &  inst_ad[`SYMB])   ? 16'hfffe : 16'h0000;
 
wire [15:0] ext_nxt  = ir + ext_incr;
 
// Store source extension word
reg [15:0] inst_sext;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                                     inst_sext <= 16'h0000;
  else if (decode & is_const)                  inst_sext <= sconst_nxt;
  else if (decode & inst_type_nxt[`INST_JMP])  inst_sext <= {{5{ir[9]}},ir[9:0],1'b0};
  else if ((i_state==I_EXT1) & is_sext)        inst_sext <= ext_nxt;
 
// Source extension word is ready
wire inst_sext_rdy = (i_state==I_EXT1) & is_sext;
 
 
// Store destination extension word
reg [15:0] inst_dext;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                               inst_dext <= 16'h0000;
  else if ((i_state==I_EXT1) & ~is_sext) inst_dext <= ext_nxt;
  else if  (i_state==I_EXT2)             inst_dext <= ext_nxt;
 
// Destination extension word is ready
wire inst_dext_rdy = (((i_state==I_EXT1) & ~is_sext) | (i_state==I_EXT2));
 
 
//=============================================================================
// 4)  DECODE INSTRUCTION
//=============================================================================
 
//
// 4.1) OPCODE: INSTRUCTION TYPE
//----------------------------------------
// Instructions type is encoded in a one hot fashion as following:
//
// 3'b001: Single-operand arithmetic
// 3'b010: Conditional jump
// 3'b100: Two-operand arithmetic
 
reg  [2:0] inst_type;
assign     inst_type_nxt = {(ir[15:14]!=2'b00),
                            (ir[15:13]==3'b001),
                            (ir[15:13]==3'b000)} & {3{~irq_detect}};
 
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                      inst_type <= 3'b000;
  else if (decode)              inst_type <= inst_type_nxt;
 
//
// 4.2) OPCODE: SINGLE-OPERAND ARITHMETIC
//----------------------------------------
// Instructions are encoded in a one hot fashion as following:
//
// 8'b00000001: RRC
// 8'b00000010: SWPB
// 8'b00000100: RRA
// 8'b00001000: SXT
// 8'b00010000: PUSH
// 8'b00100000: CALL
// 8'b01000000: RETI
// 8'b10000000: IRQ
 
reg   [7:0] inst_so;
wire  [7:0] inst_so_nxt = irq_detect ? 8'h80 : ((8'h01<<ir[9:7]) & {8{inst_type_nxt[`INST_SO]}});
 
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_so <= 8'h00;
  else if (decode) inst_so <= inst_so_nxt;
 
//
// 4.3) OPCODE: CONDITIONAL JUMP
//--------------------------------
// Instructions are encoded in a one hot fashion as following:
//
// 8'b00000001: JNE/JNZ
// 8'b00000010: JEQ/JZ
// 8'b00000100: JNC/JLO
// 8'b00001000: JC/JHS
// 8'b00010000: JN
// 8'b00100000: JGE
// 8'b01000000: JL
// 8'b10000000: JMP
 
reg   [2:0] inst_jmp_bin;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_jmp_bin <= 3'h0;
  else if (decode) inst_jmp_bin <= ir[12:10];
 
wire [7:0] inst_jmp = (8'h01<<inst_jmp_bin) & {8{inst_type[`INST_JMP]}};
 
 
//
// 4.4) OPCODE: TWO-OPERAND ARITHMETIC
//-------------------------------------
// Instructions are encoded in a one hot fashion as following:
//
// 12'b000000000001: MOV
// 12'b000000000010: ADD
// 12'b000000000100: ADDC
// 12'b000000001000: SUBC
// 12'b000000010000: SUB
// 12'b000000100000: CMP
// 12'b000001000000: DADD
// 12'b000010000000: BIT
// 12'b000100000000: BIC
// 12'b001000000000: BIS
// 12'b010000000000: XOR
// 12'b100000000000: AND
 
wire [15:0] inst_to_1hot = (16'h0001<<ir[15:12]) & {16{inst_type_nxt[`INST_TO]}};
wire [11:0] inst_to_nxt  = inst_to_1hot[15:4];
 
 
//
// 4.5) SOURCE AND DESTINATION REGISTERS
//---------------------------------------
 
// Destination register
reg [3:0] inst_dest_bin;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_dest_bin <= 4'h0;
  else if (decode) inst_dest_bin <= ir[3:0];
 
wire  [15:0] inst_dest = dbg_halt_st          ? (16'h0001 << dbg_reg_sel) :
                         inst_type[`INST_JMP] ? 16'h0001                  :
                         inst_so[`IRQ]  |
                         inst_so[`PUSH] |
                         inst_so[`CALL]       ? 16'h0002                  :
                                                (16'h0001 << inst_dest_bin);
 
 
// Source register
reg [3:0] inst_src_bin;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_src_bin <= 4'h0;
  else if (decode) inst_src_bin <= ir[11:8];
 
wire  [15:0] inst_src = inst_type[`INST_TO] ? (16'h0001 << inst_src_bin)  :
                        inst_so[`RETI]      ? 16'h0002                    :
                        inst_so[`IRQ]       ? 16'h0001                    :
                        inst_type[`INST_SO] ? (16'h0001 << inst_dest_bin) : 16'h0000;
 
 
//
// 4.6) SOURCE ADDRESSING MODES
//--------------------------------
// Source addressing modes are encoded in a one hot fashion as following:
//
// 13'b0000000000001: Register direct.
// 13'b0000000000010: Register indexed.
// 13'b0000000000100: Register indirect.
// 13'b0000000001000: Register indirect autoincrement.
// 13'b0000000010000: Symbolic (operand is in memory at address PC+x).
// 13'b0000000100000: Immediate (operand is next word in the instruction stream).
// 13'b0000001000000: Absolute (operand is in memory at address x).
// 13'b0000010000000: Constant 4.
// 13'b0000100000000: Constant 8.
// 13'b0001000000000: Constant 0.
// 13'b0010000000000: Constant 1.
// 13'b0100000000000: Constant 2.
// 13'b1000000000000: Constant -1.
 
reg [12:0] inst_as_nxt;
 
wire [3:0] src_reg = inst_type_nxt[`INST_SO] ? ir[3:0] : ir[11:8];
 
always @(src_reg or ir or inst_type_nxt)
  begin
     if (inst_type_nxt[`INST_JMP])
       inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000001;
     else if (src_reg==4'h3) // Addressing mode using R3
       case (ir[5:4])
	 2'b11  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b1000000000000;
	 2'b10  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0100000000000;
	 2'b01  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0010000000000;
	 default: inst_as_nxt =  13'b0001000000000;
       endcase
     else if (src_reg==4'h2) // Addressing mode using R2
       case (ir[5:4])
	 2'b11  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000100000000;
	 2'b10  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000010000000;
	 2'b01  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000001000000;
	 default: inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000001;
       endcase
     else if (src_reg==4'h0) // Addressing mode using R0
       case (ir[5:4])
	 2'b11  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000100000;
	 2'b10  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000100;
	 2'b01  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000010000;
	 default: inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000001;
       endcase
     else                    // General Addressing mode
       case (ir[5:4])
	 2'b11  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000001000;
	 2'b10  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000100;
	 2'b01  : inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000010;
	 default: inst_as_nxt =  13'b0000000000001;
       endcase
  end
assign    is_const = |inst_as_nxt[12:7];
 
reg [7:0] inst_as;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_as <= 8'h00;
  else if (decode) inst_as <= {is_const, inst_as_nxt[6:0]};
 
 
// 13'b0000010000000: Constant 4.
// 13'b0000100000000: Constant 8.
// 13'b0001000000000: Constant 0.
// 13'b0010000000000: Constant 1.
// 13'b0100000000000: Constant 2.
// 13'b1000000000000: Constant -1.
always @(inst_as_nxt)
  begin
     if (inst_as_nxt[7])        sconst_nxt = 16'h0004;
     else if (inst_as_nxt[8])   sconst_nxt = 16'h0008;
     else if (inst_as_nxt[9])   sconst_nxt = 16'h0000;
     else if (inst_as_nxt[10])  sconst_nxt = 16'h0001;
     else if (inst_as_nxt[11])  sconst_nxt = 16'h0002;
     else if (inst_as_nxt[12])  sconst_nxt = 16'hffff;
     else                       sconst_nxt = 16'h0000;
  end
 
 
//
// 4.7) DESTINATION ADDRESSING MODES
//-----------------------------------
// Destination addressing modes are encoded in a one hot fashion as following:
//
// 8'b00000001: Register direct.
// 8'b00000010: Register indexed.
// 8'b00010000: Symbolic (operand is in memory at address PC+x).
// 8'b01000000: Absolute (operand is in memory at address x).
 
reg  [7:0] inst_ad_nxt;
 
wire [3:0] dest_reg = ir[3:0];
 
always @(dest_reg or ir or inst_type_nxt)
  begin
     if (~inst_type_nxt[`INST_TO])
       inst_ad_nxt =  8'b00000000;
     else if (dest_reg==4'h2)   // Addressing mode using R2
       case (ir[7])
	 1'b1   : inst_ad_nxt =  8'b01000000;
	 default: inst_ad_nxt =  8'b00000001;
       endcase
     else if (dest_reg==4'h0)   // Addressing mode using R0
       case (ir[7])
	 2'b1   : inst_ad_nxt =  8'b00010000;
	 default: inst_ad_nxt =  8'b00000001;
       endcase
     else                       // General Addressing mode
       case (ir[7])
	 2'b1   : inst_ad_nxt =  8'b00000010;
	 default: inst_ad_nxt =  8'b00000001;
       endcase
  end
 
reg [7:0] inst_ad;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_ad <= 8'h00;
  else if (decode) inst_ad <= inst_ad_nxt;
 
 
//
// 4.8) REMAINING INSTRUCTION DECODING
//-------------------------------------
 
// Operation size
reg       inst_bw;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_bw     <= 1'b0;
  else if (decode) inst_bw     <= ir[6] & ~inst_type_nxt[`INST_JMP] & ~irq_detect & ~dbg_halt_cmd;
 
// Extended instruction size
assign    inst_sz_nxt = {1'b0,  (inst_as_nxt[`IDX] | inst_as_nxt[`SYMB] | inst_as_nxt[`ABS] | inst_as_nxt[`IMM])} +
                        {1'b0, ((inst_ad_nxt[`IDX] | inst_ad_nxt[`SYMB] | inst_ad_nxt[`ABS]) & ~inst_type_nxt[`INST_SO])};
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_sz     <= 2'b00;
  else if (decode) inst_sz     <= inst_sz_nxt;
 
 
//=============================================================================
// 5)  EXECUTION-UNIT STATE MACHINE
//=============================================================================
 
// State machine registers
reg  [3:0] e_state;
 
 
// State machine control signals
//--------------------------------
 
wire src_acalc_pre =  inst_as_nxt[`IDX]   | inst_as_nxt[`SYMB]    | inst_as_nxt[`ABS];
wire src_rd_pre    =  inst_as_nxt[`INDIR] | inst_as_nxt[`INDIR_I] | inst_as_nxt[`IMM]  | inst_so_nxt[`RETI];
wire dst_acalc_pre =  inst_ad_nxt[`IDX]   | inst_ad_nxt[`SYMB]    | inst_ad_nxt[`ABS];
wire dst_acalc     =  inst_ad[`IDX]       | inst_ad[`SYMB]        | inst_ad[`ABS];
wire dst_rd_pre    =  inst_ad_nxt[`IDX]   | inst_so_nxt[`PUSH]    | inst_so_nxt[`CALL] | inst_so_nxt[`RETI];
wire dst_rd        =  inst_ad[`IDX]       | inst_so[`PUSH]        | inst_so[`CALL]     | inst_so[`RETI];
 
wire inst_branch   =  (inst_ad_nxt[`DIR] & (ir[3:0]==4'h0)) | inst_type_nxt[`INST_JMP] | inst_so_nxt[`RETI];
 
reg exec_jmp;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                       exec_jmp <= 1'b0;
  else if (inst_branch & decode) exec_jmp <= 1'b1;
  else if (e_state==`E_JUMP)     exec_jmp <= 1'b0;
 
reg exec_dst_wr;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                     exec_dst_wr <= 1'b0;
  else if (e_state==`E_DST_RD) exec_dst_wr <= 1'b1;
  else if (e_state==`E_DST_WR) exec_dst_wr <= 1'b0;
 
reg exec_src_wr;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                                               exec_src_wr <= 1'b0;
  else if (inst_type[`INST_SO] & (e_state==`E_SRC_RD))   exec_src_wr <= 1'b1;
  else if ((e_state==`E_SRC_WR) || (e_state==`E_DST_WR)) exec_src_wr <= 1'b0;
 
reg exec_dext_rdy;
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)                     exec_dext_rdy <= 1'b0;
  else if (e_state==`E_DST_RD) exec_dext_rdy <= 1'b0;
  else if (inst_dext_rdy)      exec_dext_rdy <= 1'b1;
 
// Execution first state
//wire [3:0] e_first_state = dbg_halt_cmd        ? `E_IDLE   :
wire [3:0] e_first_state = ~dbg_halt_st  & inst_so_nxt[`IRQ] ? `E_IRQ_0  :
                            dbg_halt_cmd | (i_state==I_IDLE) ? `E_IDLE   :
                            cpuoff                           ? `E_IDLE   :
                            src_acalc_pre                    ? `E_SRC_AD :
                            src_rd_pre                       ? `E_SRC_RD :
                            dst_acalc_pre                    ? `E_DST_AD :
                            dst_rd_pre                       ? `E_DST_RD : `E_EXEC;
 
 
// State machine
//--------------------------------
 
// States Transitions
always @(e_state       or dst_acalc     or dst_rd   or inst_sext_rdy or
         inst_dext_rdy or exec_dext_rdy or exec_jmp or exec_dst_wr   or
         e_first_state or exec_src_wr)
    case(e_state)
      `E_IDLE   : e_state_nxt =  e_first_state;
      `E_IRQ_0  : e_state_nxt =  `E_IRQ_1;
      `E_IRQ_1  : e_state_nxt =  `E_IRQ_2;
      `E_IRQ_2  : e_state_nxt =  `E_IRQ_3;
      `E_IRQ_3  : e_state_nxt =  `E_IRQ_4;
      `E_IRQ_4  : e_state_nxt =  `E_EXEC;
 
      `E_SRC_AD : e_state_nxt =  inst_sext_rdy     ? `E_SRC_RD : `E_SRC_AD;
 
      `E_SRC_RD : e_state_nxt =  dst_acalc         ? `E_DST_AD : 
                                 dst_rd            ? `E_DST_RD : `E_EXEC;
 
      `E_DST_AD : e_state_nxt =  (inst_dext_rdy |
                                 exec_dext_rdy)    ? `E_DST_RD : `E_DST_AD;
 
      `E_DST_RD : e_state_nxt =  `E_EXEC;
 
      `E_EXEC   : e_state_nxt =  exec_dst_wr       ? `E_DST_WR :
                                exec_jmp           ? `E_JUMP   :
                                exec_src_wr        ? `E_SRC_WR : e_first_state;
 
      `E_JUMP   : e_state_nxt =  e_first_state;
      `E_DST_WR : e_state_nxt =  exec_jmp           ? `E_JUMP   : e_first_state;
      `E_SRC_WR : e_state_nxt =  e_first_state;
      default  : e_state_nxt =  `E_IRQ_0;
    endcase
 
// State machine
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)     e_state  <= `E_IRQ_1;
  else         e_state  <= e_state_nxt;
 
 
// Frontend State machine control signals
//----------------------------------------
 
wire exec_done = exec_jmp        ? (e_state==`E_JUMP)   :
                 exec_dst_wr     ? (e_state==`E_DST_WR) :
                 exec_src_wr     ? (e_state==`E_SRC_WR) : (e_state==`E_EXEC);
 
 
//=============================================================================
// 6)  EXECUTION-UNIT STATE CONTROL
//=============================================================================
 
//
// 6.1) ALU CONTROL SIGNALS
//-------------------------------------
//
// 12'b000000000001: Enable ALU source inverter
// 12'b000000000010: Enable Incrementer
// 12'b000000000100: Enable Incrementer on carry bit
// 12'b000000001000: Select Adder
// 12'b000000010000: Select AND
// 12'b000000100000: Select OR
// 12'b000001000000: Select XOR
// 12'b000010000000: Select DADD
// 12'b000100000000: Update N, Z & C (C=~Z)
// 12'b001000000000: Update all status bits
// 12'b010000000000: Update status bit for XOR instruction
// 12'b100000000000: Don't write to destination
 
reg  [11:0] inst_alu;
 
wire        alu_src_inv   = inst_to_nxt[`SUB]  | inst_to_nxt[`SUBC] |
                            inst_to_nxt[`CMP]  | inst_to_nxt[`BIC] ;
 
wire        alu_inc       = inst_to_nxt[`SUB]  | inst_to_nxt[`CMP];
 
wire        alu_inc_c     = inst_to_nxt[`ADDC] | inst_to_nxt[`DADD] |
                            inst_to_nxt[`SUBC];
 
wire        alu_add       = inst_to_nxt[`ADD]  | inst_to_nxt[`ADDC]       |
                            inst_to_nxt[`SUB]  | inst_to_nxt[`SUBC]       |
                            inst_to_nxt[`CMP]  | inst_type_nxt[`INST_JMP] |
                            inst_so_nxt[`RETI];
 
 
wire        alu_and       = inst_to_nxt[`AND]  | inst_to_nxt[`BIC]  |
                            inst_to_nxt[`BIT];
 
wire        alu_or        = inst_to_nxt[`BIS];
 
wire        alu_xor       = inst_to_nxt[`XOR];
 
wire        alu_dadd      = inst_to_nxt[`DADD];
 
wire        alu_stat_7    = inst_to_nxt[`BIT]  | inst_to_nxt[`AND]  |
                            inst_so_nxt[`SXT];
 
wire        alu_stat_f    = inst_to_nxt[`ADD]  | inst_to_nxt[`ADDC] |
                            inst_to_nxt[`SUB]  | inst_to_nxt[`SUBC] |
                            inst_to_nxt[`CMP]  | inst_to_nxt[`DADD] |
                            inst_to_nxt[`BIT]  | inst_to_nxt[`XOR]  |
                            inst_to_nxt[`AND]  |
                            inst_so_nxt[`RRC]  | inst_so_nxt[`RRA]  |
                            inst_so_nxt[`SXT];
 
wire        alu_shift     = inst_so_nxt[`RRC]  | inst_so_nxt[`RRA];
 
wire        exec_no_wr    = inst_to_nxt[`CMP] | inst_to_nxt[`BIT];
 
always @(posedge mclk or posedge puc)
  if (puc)         inst_alu <= 12'h000;
  else if (decode) inst_alu <= {exec_no_wr,
                                alu_shift,
                                alu_stat_f,
                                alu_stat_7,
                                alu_dadd,
                                alu_xor,
                                alu_or,
                                alu_and,
                                alu_add,
                                alu_inc_c,
                                alu_inc,
                                alu_src_inv};
 
 
endmodule // omsp_frontend
 
`include "openMSP430_undefines.v"