URL
https://opencores.org/ocsvn/openrisc/openrisc/trunk
Subversion Repositories openrisc
[/] [openrisc/] [trunk/] [gnu-dev/] [or1k-gcc/] [gcc/] [graphite-flattening.c] - Rev 830
Go to most recent revision | Compare with Previous | Blame | View Log
/* Loop flattening for Graphite. Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Contributed by Sebastian Pop <sebastian.pop@amd.com>. This file is part of GCC. GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version. GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ #include "config.h" #include "system.h" #include "coretypes.h" #include "tree-flow.h" #include "tree-dump.h" #include "cfgloop.h" #include "tree-chrec.h" #include "tree-data-ref.h" #include "tree-scalar-evolution.h" #include "sese.h" #ifdef HAVE_cloog #include "ppl_c.h" #include "graphite-ppl.h" #include "graphite-poly.h" /* The loop flattening pass transforms loop nests into a single loop, removing the loop nesting structure. The auto-vectorization can then apply on the full loop body, without needing the outer-loop vectorization. The loop flattening pass that has been described in a very Fortran specific way in the 1992 paper by Reinhard von Hanxleden and Ken Kennedy: "Relaxing SIMD Control Flow Constraints using Loop Transformations" available from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.54.5033 The canonical example is as follows: suppose that we have a loop nest with known iteration counts | for (i = 1; i <= 6; i++) | for (j = 1; j <= 6; j++) | S1(i,j); The loop flattening is performed by linearizing the iteration space using the function "f (x) = 6 * i + j". In this case, CLooG would produce this code: | for (c1=7;c1<=42;c1++) { | i = floord(c1-1,6); | S1(i,c1-6*i); | } There are several limitations for loop flattening that are linked to the expressivity of the polyhedral model. One has to take an upper bound approximation to deal with the parametric case of loop flattening. For example, in the loop nest: | for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) | for (j = 1; j <= M; j++) | S1(i,j); One would like to flatten this loop using a linearization function like this "f (x) = M * i + j". However CLooG's schedules are not expressive enough to deal with this case, and so the parameter M has to be replaced by an integer upper bound approximation. If we further know in the context of the scop that "M <= 6", then it is possible to linearize the loop with "f (x) = 6 * i + j". In this case, CLooG would produce this code: | for (c1=7;c1<=6*M+N;c1++) { | i = ceild(c1-N,6); | if (i <= floord(c1-1,6)) { | S1(i,c1-6*i); | } | } For an arbitrarily complex loop nest the algorithm proceeds in two steps. First, the LST is flattened by removing the loops structure and by inserting the statements in the order they appear in depth-first order. Then, the scattering of each statement is transformed accordingly. Supposing that the original program is represented by the following LST: | (loop_1 | stmt_1 | (loop_2 stmt_3 | (loop_3 stmt_4) | (loop_4 stmt_5 stmt_6) | stmt_7 | ) | stmt_2 | ) Loop flattening traverses the LST in depth-first order, and flattens pairs of loops successively by projecting the inner loops in the iteration domain of the outer loops: lst_project_loop (loop_2, loop_3, stride) | (loop_1 | stmt_1 | (loop_2 stmt_3 stmt_4 | (loop_4 stmt_5 stmt_6) | stmt_7 | ) | stmt_2 | ) lst_project_loop (loop_2, loop_4, stride) | (loop_1 | stmt_1 | (loop_2 stmt_3 stmt_4 stmt_5 stmt_6 stmt_7) | stmt_2 | ) lst_project_loop (loop_1, loop_2, stride) | (loop_1 | stmt_1 stmt_3 stmt_4 stmt_5 stmt_6 stmt_7 stmt_2 | ) At each step, the iteration domain of the outer loop is enlarged to contain enough points to iterate over the inner loop domain. */ /* Initializes RES to the number of iterations of the linearized loop LST. RES is the cardinal of the iteration domain of LST. */ static void lst_linearized_niter (lst_p lst, mpz_t res) { int i; lst_p l; mpz_t n; mpz_init (n); mpz_set_si (res, 0); FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (lst_p, LST_SEQ (lst), i, l) if (LST_LOOP_P (l)) { lst_linearized_niter (l, n); mpz_add (res, res, n); } if (LST_LOOP_P (lst)) { lst_niter_for_loop (lst, n); if (mpz_cmp_si (res, 0) != 0) mpz_mul (res, res, n); else mpz_set (res, n); } mpz_clear (n); } /* Applies the translation "f (x) = x + OFFSET" to the loop containing STMT. */ static void lst_offset (lst_p stmt, mpz_t offset) { lst_p inner = LST_LOOP_FATHER (stmt); poly_bb_p pbb = LST_PBB (stmt); ppl_Polyhedron_t poly = PBB_TRANSFORMED_SCATTERING (pbb); int inner_depth = lst_depth (inner); ppl_dimension_type inner_dim = psct_dynamic_dim (pbb, inner_depth); ppl_Linear_Expression_t expr; ppl_dimension_type dim; ppl_Coefficient_t one; mpz_t x; mpz_init (x); mpz_set_si (x, 1); ppl_new_Coefficient (&one); ppl_assign_Coefficient_from_mpz_t (one, x); ppl_Polyhedron_space_dimension (poly, &dim); ppl_new_Linear_Expression_with_dimension (&expr, dim); ppl_set_coef (expr, inner_dim, 1); ppl_set_inhomogeneous_gmp (expr, offset); ppl_Polyhedron_affine_image (poly, inner_dim, expr, one); ppl_delete_Linear_Expression (expr); ppl_delete_Coefficient (one); } /* Scale by FACTOR the loop LST containing STMT. */ static void lst_scale (lst_p lst, lst_p stmt, mpz_t factor) { mpz_t x; ppl_Coefficient_t one; int outer_depth = lst_depth (lst); poly_bb_p pbb = LST_PBB (stmt); ppl_Polyhedron_t poly = PBB_TRANSFORMED_SCATTERING (pbb); ppl_dimension_type outer_dim = psct_dynamic_dim (pbb, outer_depth); ppl_Linear_Expression_t expr; ppl_dimension_type dim; mpz_init (x); mpz_set_si (x, 1); ppl_new_Coefficient (&one); ppl_assign_Coefficient_from_mpz_t (one, x); ppl_Polyhedron_space_dimension (poly, &dim); ppl_new_Linear_Expression_with_dimension (&expr, dim); /* outer_dim = factor * outer_dim. */ ppl_set_coef_gmp (expr, outer_dim, factor); ppl_Polyhedron_affine_image (poly, outer_dim, expr, one); ppl_delete_Linear_Expression (expr); mpz_clear (x); ppl_delete_Coefficient (one); } /* Project the INNER loop into the iteration domain of the OUTER loop. STRIDE is the number of iterations between two iterations of the outer loop. */ static void lst_project_loop (lst_p outer, lst_p inner, mpz_t stride) { int i; lst_p stmt; mpz_t x; ppl_Coefficient_t one; int outer_depth = lst_depth (outer); int inner_depth = lst_depth (inner); mpz_init (x); mpz_set_si (x, 1); ppl_new_Coefficient (&one); ppl_assign_Coefficient_from_mpz_t (one, x); FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (lst_p, LST_SEQ (inner), i, stmt) { poly_bb_p pbb = LST_PBB (stmt); ppl_Polyhedron_t poly = PBB_TRANSFORMED_SCATTERING (pbb); ppl_dimension_type outer_dim = psct_dynamic_dim (pbb, outer_depth); ppl_dimension_type inner_dim = psct_dynamic_dim (pbb, inner_depth); ppl_Linear_Expression_t expr; ppl_dimension_type dim; ppl_dimension_type *ds; /* There should be no loops under INNER. */ gcc_assert (!LST_LOOP_P (stmt)); ppl_Polyhedron_space_dimension (poly, &dim); ppl_new_Linear_Expression_with_dimension (&expr, dim); /* outer_dim = outer_dim * stride + inner_dim. */ ppl_set_coef (expr, inner_dim, 1); ppl_set_coef_gmp (expr, outer_dim, stride); ppl_Polyhedron_affine_image (poly, outer_dim, expr, one); ppl_delete_Linear_Expression (expr); /* Project on inner_dim. */ ppl_new_Linear_Expression_with_dimension (&expr, dim - 1); ppl_Polyhedron_affine_image (poly, inner_dim, expr, one); ppl_delete_Linear_Expression (expr); /* Remove inner loop and the static schedule of its body. */ /* FIXME: As long as we use PPL we are not able to remove the old scattering dimensions. The reason is that these dimensions are not entirely unused. They are not necessary as part of the scheduling vector, as the earlier dimensions already unambiguously define the execution time, however they may still be needed to carry modulo constraints as introduced e.g. by strip mining. The correct solution would be to project these dimensions out of the scattering polyhedra. In case they are still required to carry modulo constraints they should be kept internally as existentially quantified dimensions. PPL does only support projection of rational polyhedra, however in this case we need an integer projection. With isl this will be trivial to implement. For now we just leave the dimensions. This is a little ugly, but should be correct. */ if (0) { ds = XNEWVEC (ppl_dimension_type, 2); ds[0] = inner_dim; ds[1] = inner_dim + 1; ppl_Polyhedron_remove_space_dimensions (poly, ds, 2); PBB_NB_SCATTERING_TRANSFORM (pbb) -= 2; free (ds); } } mpz_clear (x); ppl_delete_Coefficient (one); } /* Flattens the loop nest LST. Return true when something changed. OFFSET is used to compute the number of iterations of the outermost loop before the current LST is executed. */ static bool lst_flatten_loop (lst_p lst, mpz_t init_offset) { int i; lst_p l; bool res = false; mpz_t n, one, offset, stride; mpz_init (n); mpz_init (one); mpz_init (offset); mpz_init (stride); mpz_set (offset, init_offset); mpz_set_si (one, 1); lst_linearized_niter (lst, stride); lst_niter_for_loop (lst, n); mpz_tdiv_q (stride, stride, n); FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (lst_p, LST_SEQ (lst), i, l) if (LST_LOOP_P (l)) { res = true; lst_flatten_loop (l, offset); lst_niter_for_loop (l, n); lst_project_loop (lst, l, stride); /* The offset is the number of iterations minus 1, as we want to execute the next statements at the same iteration as the last iteration of the loop. */ mpz_sub (n, n, one); mpz_add (offset, offset, n); } else { lst_scale (lst, l, stride); if (mpz_cmp_si (offset, 0) != 0) lst_offset (l, offset); } FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (lst_p, LST_SEQ (lst), i, l) if (LST_LOOP_P (l)) lst_remove_loop_and_inline_stmts_in_loop_father (l); mpz_clear (n); mpz_clear (one); mpz_clear (offset); mpz_clear (stride); return res; } /* Remove all but the first 3 dimensions of the scattering: - dim0: the static schedule for the loop - dim1: the dynamic schedule of the loop - dim2: the static schedule for the loop body. */ static void remove_unused_scattering_dimensions (lst_p lst) { int i; lst_p stmt; mpz_t x; ppl_Coefficient_t one; mpz_init (x); mpz_set_si (x, 1); ppl_new_Coefficient (&one); ppl_assign_Coefficient_from_mpz_t (one, x); FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (lst_p, LST_SEQ (lst), i, stmt) { poly_bb_p pbb = LST_PBB (stmt); ppl_Polyhedron_t poly = PBB_TRANSFORMED_SCATTERING (pbb); int j, nb_dims_to_remove = PBB_NB_SCATTERING_TRANSFORM (pbb) - 3; ppl_dimension_type *ds; /* There should be no loops inside LST after flattening. */ gcc_assert (!LST_LOOP_P (stmt)); if (!nb_dims_to_remove) continue; ds = XNEWVEC (ppl_dimension_type, nb_dims_to_remove); for (j = 0; j < nb_dims_to_remove; j++) ds[j] = j + 3; ppl_Polyhedron_remove_space_dimensions (poly, ds, nb_dims_to_remove); PBB_NB_SCATTERING_TRANSFORM (pbb) -= nb_dims_to_remove; free (ds); } mpz_clear (x); ppl_delete_Coefficient (one); } /* Flattens all the loop nests of LST. Return true when something changed. */ static bool lst_do_flatten (lst_p lst) { int i; lst_p l; bool res = false; mpz_t zero; if (!lst || !LST_LOOP_P (lst)) return false; mpz_init (zero); mpz_set_si (zero, 0); FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (lst_p, LST_SEQ (lst), i, l) if (LST_LOOP_P (l)) { res |= lst_flatten_loop (l, zero); /* FIXME: As long as we use PPL we are not able to remove the old scattering dimensions. The reason is that these dimensions are not entirely unused. They are not necessary as part of the scheduling vector, as the earlier dimensions already unambiguously define the execution time, however they may still be needed to carry modulo constraints as introduced e.g. by strip mining. The correct solution would be to project these dimensions out of the scattering polyhedra. In case they are still required to carry modulo constraints they should be kept internally as existentially quantified dimensions. PPL does only support projection of rational polyhedra, however in this case we need an integer projection. With isl this will be trivial to implement. For now we just leave the dimensions. This is a little ugly, but should be correct. */ if (0) remove_unused_scattering_dimensions (l); } lst_update_scattering (lst); mpz_clear (zero); return res; } /* Flatten all the loop nests in SCOP. Returns true when something changed. */ bool flatten_all_loops (scop_p scop) { return lst_do_flatten (SCOP_TRANSFORMED_SCHEDULE (scop)); } #endif
Go to most recent revision | Compare with Previous | Blame | View Log