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/* Inlining decision heuristics. Copyright (C) 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Contributed by Jan Hubicka This file is part of GCC. GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version. GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ /* Inlining decision heuristics The implementation of inliner is organized as follows: inlining heuristics limits can_inline_edge_p allow to check that particular inlining is allowed by the limits specified by user (allowed function growth, growth and so on). Functions are inlined when it is obvious the result is profitable (such as functions called once or when inlining reduce code size). In addition to that we perform inlining of small functions and recursive inlining. inlining heuristics The inliner itself is split into two passes: pass_early_inlining Simple local inlining pass inlining callees into current function. This pass makes no use of whole unit analysis and thus it can do only very simple decisions based on local properties. The strength of the pass is that it is run in topological order (reverse postorder) on the callgraph. Functions are converted into SSA form just before this pass and optimized subsequently. As a result, the callees of the function seen by the early inliner was already optimized and results of early inlining adds a lot of optimization opportunities for the local optimization. The pass handle the obvious inlining decisions within the compilation unit - inlining auto inline functions, inlining for size and flattening. main strength of the pass is the ability to eliminate abstraction penalty in C++ code (via combination of inlining and early optimization) and thus improve quality of analysis done by real IPA optimizers. Because of lack of whole unit knowledge, the pass can not really make good code size/performance tradeoffs. It however does very simple speculative inlining allowing code size to grow by EARLY_INLINING_INSNS when callee is leaf function. In this case the optimizations performed later are very likely to eliminate the cost. pass_ipa_inline This is the real inliner able to handle inlining with whole program knowledge. It performs following steps: 1) inlining of small functions. This is implemented by greedy algorithm ordering all inlinable cgraph edges by their badness and inlining them in this order as long as inline limits allows doing so. This heuristics is not very good on inlining recursive calls. Recursive calls can be inlined with results similar to loop unrolling. To do so, special purpose recursive inliner is executed on function when recursive edge is met as viable candidate. 2) Unreachable functions are removed from callgraph. Inlining leads to devirtualization and other modification of callgraph so functions may become unreachable during the process. Also functions declared as extern inline or virtual functions are removed, since after inlining we no longer need the offline bodies. 3) Functions called once and not exported from the unit are inlined. This should almost always lead to reduction of code size by eliminating the need for offline copy of the function. */ #include "config.h" #include "system.h" #include "coretypes.h" #include "tm.h" #include "tree.h" #include "tree-inline.h" #include "langhooks.h" #include "flags.h" #include "cgraph.h" #include "diagnostic.h" #include "gimple-pretty-print.h" #include "timevar.h" #include "params.h" #include "fibheap.h" #include "intl.h" #include "tree-pass.h" #include "coverage.h" #include "ggc.h" #include "rtl.h" #include "tree-flow.h" #include "ipa-prop.h" #include "except.h" #include "target.h" #include "ipa-inline.h" #include "ipa-utils.h" /* Statistics we collect about inlining algorithm. */ static int overall_size; static gcov_type max_count; /* Return false when inlining edge E would lead to violating limits on function unit growth or stack usage growth. The relative function body growth limit is present generally to avoid problems with non-linear behavior of the compiler. To allow inlining huge functions into tiny wrapper, the limit is always based on the bigger of the two functions considered. For stack growth limits we always base the growth in stack usage of the callers. We want to prevent applications from segfaulting on stack overflow when functions with huge stack frames gets inlined. */ static bool caller_growth_limits (struct cgraph_edge *e) { struct cgraph_node *to = e->caller; struct cgraph_node *what = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); int newsize; int limit = 0; HOST_WIDE_INT stack_size_limit = 0, inlined_stack; struct inline_summary *info, *what_info, *outer_info = inline_summary (to); /* Look for function e->caller is inlined to. While doing so work out the largest function body on the way. As described above, we want to base our function growth limits based on that. Not on the self size of the outer function, not on the self size of inline code we immediately inline to. This is the most relaxed interpretation of the rule "do not grow large functions too much in order to prevent compiler from exploding". */ while (true) { info = inline_summary (to); if (limit < info->self_size) limit = info->self_size; if (stack_size_limit < info->estimated_self_stack_size) stack_size_limit = info->estimated_self_stack_size; if (to->global.inlined_to) to = to->callers->caller; else break; } what_info = inline_summary (what); if (limit < what_info->self_size) limit = what_info->self_size; limit += limit * PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_LARGE_FUNCTION_GROWTH) / 100; /* Check the size after inlining against the function limits. But allow the function to shrink if it went over the limits by forced inlining. */ newsize = estimate_size_after_inlining (to, e); if (newsize >= info->size && newsize > PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_LARGE_FUNCTION_INSNS) && newsize > limit) { e->inline_failed = CIF_LARGE_FUNCTION_GROWTH_LIMIT; return false; } if (!what_info->estimated_stack_size) return true; /* FIXME: Stack size limit often prevents inlining in Fortran programs due to large i/o datastructures used by the Fortran front-end. We ought to ignore this limit when we know that the edge is executed on every invocation of the caller (i.e. its call statement dominates exit block). We do not track this information, yet. */ stack_size_limit += ((gcov_type)stack_size_limit * PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_STACK_FRAME_GROWTH) / 100); inlined_stack = (outer_info->stack_frame_offset + outer_info->estimated_self_stack_size + what_info->estimated_stack_size); /* Check new stack consumption with stack consumption at the place stack is used. */ if (inlined_stack > stack_size_limit /* If function already has large stack usage from sibling inline call, we can inline, too. This bit overoptimistically assume that we are good at stack packing. */ && inlined_stack > info->estimated_stack_size && inlined_stack > PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_LARGE_STACK_FRAME)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_LARGE_STACK_FRAME_GROWTH_LIMIT; return false; } return true; } /* Dump info about why inlining has failed. */ static void report_inline_failed_reason (struct cgraph_edge *e) { if (dump_file) { fprintf (dump_file, " not inlinable: %s/%i -> %s/%i, %s\n", cgraph_node_name (e->caller), e->caller->uid, cgraph_node_name (e->callee), e->callee->uid, cgraph_inline_failed_string (e->inline_failed)); } } /* Decide if we can inline the edge and possibly update inline_failed reason. We check whether inlining is possible at all and whether caller growth limits allow doing so. if REPORT is true, output reason to the dump file. */ static bool can_inline_edge_p (struct cgraph_edge *e, bool report) { bool inlinable = true; enum availability avail; struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, &avail); tree caller_tree = DECL_FUNCTION_SPECIFIC_OPTIMIZATION (e->caller->decl); tree callee_tree = callee ? DECL_FUNCTION_SPECIFIC_OPTIMIZATION (callee->decl) : NULL; struct function *caller_cfun = DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (e->caller->decl); struct function *callee_cfun = callee ? DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (callee->decl) : NULL; if (!caller_cfun && e->caller->clone_of) caller_cfun = DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (e->caller->clone_of->decl); if (!callee_cfun && callee && callee->clone_of) callee_cfun = DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (callee->clone_of->decl); gcc_assert (e->inline_failed); if (!callee || !callee->analyzed) { e->inline_failed = CIF_BODY_NOT_AVAILABLE; inlinable = false; } else if (!inline_summary (callee)->inlinable) { e->inline_failed = CIF_FUNCTION_NOT_INLINABLE; inlinable = false; } else if (avail <= AVAIL_OVERWRITABLE) { e->inline_failed = CIF_OVERWRITABLE; return false; } else if (e->call_stmt_cannot_inline_p) { e->inline_failed = CIF_MISMATCHED_ARGUMENTS; inlinable = false; } /* Don't inline if the functions have different EH personalities. */ else if (DECL_FUNCTION_PERSONALITY (e->caller->decl) && DECL_FUNCTION_PERSONALITY (callee->decl) && (DECL_FUNCTION_PERSONALITY (e->caller->decl) != DECL_FUNCTION_PERSONALITY (callee->decl))) { e->inline_failed = CIF_EH_PERSONALITY; inlinable = false; } /* TM pure functions should not be inlined into non-TM_pure functions. */ else if (is_tm_pure (callee->decl) && !is_tm_pure (e->caller->decl)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_UNSPECIFIED; inlinable = false; } /* Don't inline if the callee can throw non-call exceptions but the caller cannot. FIXME: this is obviously wrong for LTO where STRUCT_FUNCTION is missing. Move the flag into cgraph node or mirror it in the inline summary. */ else if (callee_cfun && callee_cfun->can_throw_non_call_exceptions && !(caller_cfun && caller_cfun->can_throw_non_call_exceptions)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_NON_CALL_EXCEPTIONS; inlinable = false; } /* Check compatibility of target optimization options. */ else if (!targetm.target_option.can_inline_p (e->caller->decl, callee->decl)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_TARGET_OPTION_MISMATCH; inlinable = false; } /* Check if caller growth allows the inlining. */ else if (!DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (callee->decl) && !lookup_attribute ("flatten", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (e->caller->global.inlined_to ? e->caller->global.inlined_to->decl : e->caller->decl)) && !caller_growth_limits (e)) inlinable = false; /* Don't inline a function with a higher optimization level than the caller. FIXME: this is really just tip of iceberg of handling optimization attribute. */ else if (caller_tree != callee_tree) { struct cl_optimization *caller_opt = TREE_OPTIMIZATION ((caller_tree) ? caller_tree : optimization_default_node); struct cl_optimization *callee_opt = TREE_OPTIMIZATION ((callee_tree) ? callee_tree : optimization_default_node); if (((caller_opt->x_optimize > callee_opt->x_optimize) || (caller_opt->x_optimize_size != callee_opt->x_optimize_size)) /* gcc.dg/pr43564.c. Look at forced inline even in -O0. */ && !DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (e->callee->decl)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_OPTIMIZATION_MISMATCH; inlinable = false; } } if (!inlinable && report) report_inline_failed_reason (e); return inlinable; } /* Return true if the edge E is inlinable during early inlining. */ static bool can_early_inline_edge_p (struct cgraph_edge *e) { struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); /* Early inliner might get called at WPA stage when IPA pass adds new function. In this case we can not really do any of early inlining because function bodies are missing. */ if (!gimple_has_body_p (callee->decl)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_BODY_NOT_AVAILABLE; return false; } /* In early inliner some of callees may not be in SSA form yet (i.e. the callgraph is cyclic and we did not process the callee by early inliner, yet). We don't have CIF code for this case; later we will re-do the decision in the real inliner. */ if (!gimple_in_ssa_p (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (e->caller->decl)) || !gimple_in_ssa_p (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (callee->decl))) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " edge not inlinable: not in SSA form\n"); return false; } if (!can_inline_edge_p (e, true)) return false; return true; } /* Return true when N is leaf function. Accept cheap builtins in leaf functions. */ static bool leaf_node_p (struct cgraph_node *n) { struct cgraph_edge *e; for (e = n->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) if (!is_inexpensive_builtin (e->callee->decl)) return false; return true; } /* Return true if we are interested in inlining small function. */ static bool want_early_inline_function_p (struct cgraph_edge *e) { bool want_inline = true; struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); if (DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (callee->decl)) ; else if (!DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (callee->decl) && !flag_inline_small_functions) { e->inline_failed = CIF_FUNCTION_NOT_INLINE_CANDIDATE; report_inline_failed_reason (e); want_inline = false; } else { int growth = estimate_edge_growth (e); if (growth <= 0) ; else if (!cgraph_maybe_hot_edge_p (e) && growth > 0) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " will not early inline: %s/%i->%s/%i, " "call is cold and code would grow by %i\n", cgraph_node_name (e->caller), e->caller->uid, cgraph_node_name (callee), callee->uid, growth); want_inline = false; } else if (!leaf_node_p (callee) && growth > 0) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " will not early inline: %s/%i->%s/%i, " "callee is not leaf and code would grow by %i\n", cgraph_node_name (e->caller), e->caller->uid, cgraph_node_name (callee), callee->uid, growth); want_inline = false; } else if (growth > PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_EARLY_INLINING_INSNS)) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " will not early inline: %s/%i->%s/%i, " "growth %i exceeds --param early-inlining-insns\n", cgraph_node_name (e->caller), e->caller->uid, cgraph_node_name (callee), callee->uid, growth); want_inline = false; } } return want_inline; } /* Return true if we are interested in inlining small function. When REPORT is true, report reason to dump file. */ static bool want_inline_small_function_p (struct cgraph_edge *e, bool report) { bool want_inline = true; struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); if (DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (callee->decl)) ; else if (!DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (callee->decl) && !flag_inline_small_functions) { e->inline_failed = CIF_FUNCTION_NOT_INLINE_CANDIDATE; want_inline = false; } else { int growth = estimate_edge_growth (e); if (growth <= 0) ; else if (DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (callee->decl) && growth >= MAX_INLINE_INSNS_SINGLE) { e->inline_failed = CIF_MAX_INLINE_INSNS_SINGLE_LIMIT; want_inline = false; } /* Before giving up based on fact that caller size will grow, allow functions that are called few times and eliminating the offline copy will lead to overall code size reduction. Not all of these will be handled by subsequent inlining of functions called once: in particular weak functions are not handled or funcitons that inline to multiple calls but a lot of bodies is optimized out. Finally we want to inline earlier to allow inlining of callbacks. This is slightly wrong on aggressive side: it is entirely possible that function is called many times with a context where inlining reduces code size and few times with a context where inlining increase code size. Resoluting growth estimate will be negative even if it would make more sense to keep offline copy and do not inline into the call sites that makes the code size grow. When badness orders the calls in a way that code reducing calls come first, this situation is not a problem at all: after inlining all "good" calls, we will realize that keeping the function around is better. */ else if (growth <= MAX_INLINE_INSNS_SINGLE /* Unlike for functions called once, we play unsafe with COMDATs. We can allow that since we know functions in consideration are small (and thus risk is small) and moreover grow estimates already accounts that COMDAT functions may or may not disappear when eliminated from current unit. With good probability making aggressive choice in all units is going to make overall program smaller. Consequently we ask cgraph_can_remove_if_no_direct_calls_p instead of cgraph_will_be_removed_from_program_if_no_direct_calls */ && !DECL_EXTERNAL (callee->decl) && cgraph_can_remove_if_no_direct_calls_p (callee) && estimate_growth (callee) <= 0) ; else if (!DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (callee->decl) && !flag_inline_functions) { e->inline_failed = CIF_NOT_DECLARED_INLINED; want_inline = false; } else if (!DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (callee->decl) && growth >= MAX_INLINE_INSNS_AUTO) { e->inline_failed = CIF_MAX_INLINE_INSNS_AUTO_LIMIT; want_inline = false; } /* If call is cold, do not inline when function body would grow. */ else if (!cgraph_maybe_hot_edge_p (e)) { e->inline_failed = CIF_UNLIKELY_CALL; want_inline = false; } } if (!want_inline && report) report_inline_failed_reason (e); return want_inline; } /* EDGE is self recursive edge. We hand two cases - when function A is inlining into itself or when function A is being inlined into another inliner copy of function A within function B. In first case OUTER_NODE points to the toplevel copy of A, while in the second case OUTER_NODE points to the outermost copy of A in B. In both cases we want to be extra selective since inlining the call will just introduce new recursive calls to appear. */ static bool want_inline_self_recursive_call_p (struct cgraph_edge *edge, struct cgraph_node *outer_node, bool peeling, int depth) { char const *reason = NULL; bool want_inline = true; int caller_freq = CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE; int max_depth = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_INLINE_RECURSIVE_DEPTH_AUTO); if (DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (edge->caller->decl)) max_depth = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_INLINE_RECURSIVE_DEPTH); if (!cgraph_maybe_hot_edge_p (edge)) { reason = "recursive call is cold"; want_inline = false; } else if (max_count && !outer_node->count) { reason = "not executed in profile"; want_inline = false; } else if (depth > max_depth) { reason = "--param max-inline-recursive-depth exceeded."; want_inline = false; } if (outer_node->global.inlined_to) caller_freq = outer_node->callers->frequency; if (!want_inline) ; /* Inlining of self recursive function into copy of itself within other function is transformation similar to loop peeling. Peeling is profitable if we can inline enough copies to make probability of actual call to the self recursive function very small. Be sure that the probability of recursion is small. We ensure that the frequency of recursing is at most 1 - (1/max_depth). This way the expected number of recision is at most max_depth. */ else if (peeling) { int max_prob = CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE - ((CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE + max_depth - 1) / max_depth); int i; for (i = 1; i < depth; i++) max_prob = max_prob * max_prob / CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE; if (max_count && (edge->count * CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE / outer_node->count >= max_prob)) { reason = "profile of recursive call is too large"; want_inline = false; } if (!max_count && (edge->frequency * CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE / caller_freq >= max_prob)) { reason = "frequency of recursive call is too large"; want_inline = false; } } /* Recursive inlining, i.e. equivalent of unrolling, is profitable if recursion depth is large. We reduce function call overhead and increase chances that things fit in hardware return predictor. Recursive inlining might however increase cost of stack frame setup actually slowing down functions whose recursion tree is wide rather than deep. Deciding reliably on when to do recursive inlining without profile feedback is tricky. For now we disable recursive inlining when probability of self recursion is low. Recursive inlining of self recursive call within loop also results in large loop depths that generally optimize badly. We may want to throttle down inlining in those cases. In particular this seems to happen in one of libstdc++ rb tree methods. */ else { if (max_count && (edge->count * 100 / outer_node->count <= PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MIN_INLINE_RECURSIVE_PROBABILITY))) { reason = "profile of recursive call is too small"; want_inline = false; } else if (!max_count && (edge->frequency * 100 / caller_freq <= PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MIN_INLINE_RECURSIVE_PROBABILITY))) { reason = "frequency of recursive call is too small"; want_inline = false; } } if (!want_inline && dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " not inlining recursively: %s\n", reason); return want_inline; } /* Return true when NODE has caller other than EDGE. Worker for cgraph_for_node_and_aliases. */ static bool check_caller_edge (struct cgraph_node *node, void *edge) { return (node->callers && node->callers != edge); } /* Decide if NODE is called once inlining it would eliminate need for the offline copy of function. */ static bool want_inline_function_called_once_p (struct cgraph_node *node) { struct cgraph_node *function = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (node, NULL); /* Already inlined? */ if (function->global.inlined_to) return false; /* Zero or more then one callers? */ if (!node->callers || node->callers->next_caller) return false; /* Maybe other aliases has more direct calls. */ if (cgraph_for_node_and_aliases (node, check_caller_edge, node->callers, true)) return false; /* Recursive call makes no sense to inline. */ if (cgraph_edge_recursive_p (node->callers)) return false; /* External functions are not really in the unit, so inlining them when called once would just increase the program size. */ if (DECL_EXTERNAL (function->decl)) return false; /* Offline body must be optimized out. */ if (!cgraph_will_be_removed_from_program_if_no_direct_calls (function)) return false; if (!can_inline_edge_p (node->callers, true)) return false; return true; } /* Return relative time improvement for inlining EDGE in range 1...2^9. */ static inline int relative_time_benefit (struct inline_summary *callee_info, struct cgraph_edge *edge, int time_growth) { int relbenefit; gcov_type uninlined_call_time; uninlined_call_time = ((gcov_type) (callee_info->time + inline_edge_summary (edge)->call_stmt_time) * edge->frequency + CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE / 2) / CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE; /* Compute relative time benefit, i.e. how much the call becomes faster. ??? perhaps computing how much the caller+calle together become faster would lead to more realistic results. */ if (!uninlined_call_time) uninlined_call_time = 1; relbenefit = (uninlined_call_time - time_growth) * 256 / (uninlined_call_time); relbenefit = MIN (relbenefit, 512); relbenefit = MAX (relbenefit, 1); return relbenefit; } /* A cost model driving the inlining heuristics in a way so the edges with smallest badness are inlined first. After each inlining is performed the costs of all caller edges of nodes affected are recomputed so the metrics may accurately depend on values such as number of inlinable callers of the function or function body size. */ static int edge_badness (struct cgraph_edge *edge, bool dump) { gcov_type badness; int growth, time_growth; struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (edge->callee, NULL); struct inline_summary *callee_info = inline_summary (callee); if (DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (callee->decl)) return INT_MIN; growth = estimate_edge_growth (edge); time_growth = estimate_edge_time (edge); if (dump) { fprintf (dump_file, " Badness calculation for %s -> %s\n", cgraph_node_name (edge->caller), cgraph_node_name (callee)); fprintf (dump_file, " size growth %i, time growth %i\n", growth, time_growth); } /* Always prefer inlining saving code size. */ if (growth <= 0) { badness = INT_MIN / 2 + growth; if (dump) fprintf (dump_file, " %i: Growth %i <= 0\n", (int) badness, growth); } /* When profiling is available, compute badness as: relative_edge_count * relative_time_benefit goodness = ------------------------------------------- edge_growth badness = -goodness The fraction is upside down, becuase on edge counts and time beneits the bounds are known. Edge growth is essentially unlimited. */ else if (max_count) { int relbenefit = relative_time_benefit (callee_info, edge, time_growth); badness = ((int) ((double) edge->count * INT_MIN / 2 / max_count / 512) * relative_time_benefit (callee_info, edge, time_growth)) / growth; /* Be sure that insanity of the profile won't lead to increasing counts in the scalling and thus to overflow in the computation above. */ gcc_assert (max_count >= edge->count); if (dump) { fprintf (dump_file, " %i (relative %f): profile info. Relative count %f" " * Relative benefit %f\n", (int) badness, (double) badness / INT_MIN, (double) edge->count / max_count, relbenefit * 100 / 256.0); } } /* When function local profile is available. Compute badness as: growth_of_callee badness = -------------------------------------- + growth_for-all relative_time_benefit * edge_frequency */ else if (flag_guess_branch_prob) { int div = edge->frequency * (1<<10) / CGRAPH_FREQ_MAX; div = MAX (div, 1); gcc_checking_assert (edge->frequency <= CGRAPH_FREQ_MAX); div *= relative_time_benefit (callee_info, edge, time_growth); /* frequency is normalized in range 1...2^10. relbenefit in range 1...2^9 DIV should be in range 1....2^19. */ gcc_checking_assert (div >= 1 && div <= (1<<19)); /* Result must be integer in range 0...INT_MAX. Set the base of fixed point calculation so we don't lose much of precision for small bandesses (those are interesting) yet we don't overflow for growths that are still in interesting range. Fixed point arithmetic with point at 8th bit. */ badness = ((gcov_type)growth) * (1<<(19+8)); badness = (badness + div / 2) / div; /* Overall growth of inlining all calls of function matters: we want to inline so offline copy of function is no longer needed. Additionally functions that can be fully inlined without much of effort are better inline candidates than functions that can be fully inlined only after noticeable overall unit growths. The latter are better in a sense compressing of code size by factoring out common code into separate function shared by multiple code paths. We might mix the valud into the fraction by taking into account relative growth of the unit, but for now just add the number into resulting fraction. */ if (badness > INT_MAX / 2) { badness = INT_MAX / 2; if (dump) fprintf (dump_file, "Badness overflow\n"); } if (dump) { fprintf (dump_file, " %i: guessed profile. frequency %f," " benefit %f%%, divisor %i\n", (int) badness, (double)edge->frequency / CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE, relative_time_benefit (callee_info, edge, time_growth) * 100 / 256.0, div); } } /* When function local profile is not available or it does not give useful information (ie frequency is zero), base the cost on loop nest and overall size growth, so we optimize for overall number of functions fully inlined in program. */ else { int nest = MIN (inline_edge_summary (edge)->loop_depth, 8); badness = growth * 256; /* Decrease badness if call is nested. */ if (badness > 0) badness >>= nest; else { badness <<= nest; } if (dump) fprintf (dump_file, " %i: no profile. nest %i\n", (int) badness, nest); } /* Ensure that we did not overflow in all the fixed point math above. */ gcc_assert (badness >= INT_MIN); gcc_assert (badness <= INT_MAX - 1); /* Make recursive inlining happen always after other inlining is done. */ if (cgraph_edge_recursive_p (edge)) return badness + 1; else return badness; } /* Recompute badness of EDGE and update its key in HEAP if needed. */ static inline void update_edge_key (fibheap_t heap, struct cgraph_edge *edge) { int badness = edge_badness (edge, false); if (edge->aux) { fibnode_t n = (fibnode_t) edge->aux; gcc_checking_assert (n->data == edge); /* fibheap_replace_key only decrease the keys. When we increase the key we do not update heap and instead re-insert the element once it becomes a minimum of heap. */ if (badness < n->key) { if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) { fprintf (dump_file, " decreasing badness %s/%i -> %s/%i, %i to %i\n", cgraph_node_name (edge->caller), edge->caller->uid, cgraph_node_name (edge->callee), edge->callee->uid, (int)n->key, badness); } fibheap_replace_key (heap, n, badness); gcc_checking_assert (n->key == badness); } } else { if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS)) { fprintf (dump_file, " enqueuing call %s/%i -> %s/%i, badness %i\n", cgraph_node_name (edge->caller), edge->caller->uid, cgraph_node_name (edge->callee), edge->callee->uid, badness); } edge->aux = fibheap_insert (heap, badness, edge); } } /* NODE was inlined. All caller edges needs to be resetted because size estimates change. Similarly callees needs reset because better context may be known. */ static void reset_edge_caches (struct cgraph_node *node) { struct cgraph_edge *edge; struct cgraph_edge *e = node->callees; struct cgraph_node *where = node; int i; struct ipa_ref *ref; if (where->global.inlined_to) where = where->global.inlined_to; /* WHERE body size has changed, the cached growth is invalid. */ reset_node_growth_cache (where); for (edge = where->callers; edge; edge = edge->next_caller) if (edge->inline_failed) reset_edge_growth_cache (edge); for (i = 0; ipa_ref_list_refering_iterate (&where->ref_list, i, ref); i++) if (ref->use == IPA_REF_ALIAS) reset_edge_caches (ipa_ref_refering_node (ref)); if (!e) return; while (true) if (!e->inline_failed && e->callee->callees) e = e->callee->callees; else { if (e->inline_failed) reset_edge_growth_cache (e); if (e->next_callee) e = e->next_callee; else { do { if (e->caller == node) return; e = e->caller->callers; } while (!e->next_callee); e = e->next_callee; } } } /* Recompute HEAP nodes for each of caller of NODE. UPDATED_NODES track nodes we already visited, to avoid redundant work. When CHECK_INLINABLITY_FOR is set, re-check for specified edge that it is inlinable. Otherwise check all edges. */ static void update_caller_keys (fibheap_t heap, struct cgraph_node *node, bitmap updated_nodes, struct cgraph_edge *check_inlinablity_for) { struct cgraph_edge *edge; int i; struct ipa_ref *ref; if ((!node->alias && !inline_summary (node)->inlinable) || cgraph_function_body_availability (node) <= AVAIL_OVERWRITABLE || node->global.inlined_to) return; if (!bitmap_set_bit (updated_nodes, node->uid)) return; for (i = 0; ipa_ref_list_refering_iterate (&node->ref_list, i, ref); i++) if (ref->use == IPA_REF_ALIAS) { struct cgraph_node *alias = ipa_ref_refering_node (ref); update_caller_keys (heap, alias, updated_nodes, check_inlinablity_for); } for (edge = node->callers; edge; edge = edge->next_caller) if (edge->inline_failed) { if (!check_inlinablity_for || check_inlinablity_for == edge) { if (can_inline_edge_p (edge, false) && want_inline_small_function_p (edge, false)) update_edge_key (heap, edge); else if (edge->aux) { report_inline_failed_reason (edge); fibheap_delete_node (heap, (fibnode_t) edge->aux); edge->aux = NULL; } } else if (edge->aux) update_edge_key (heap, edge); } } /* Recompute HEAP nodes for each uninlined call in NODE. This is used when we know that edge badnesses are going only to increase (we introduced new call site) and thus all we need is to insert newly created edges into heap. */ static void update_callee_keys (fibheap_t heap, struct cgraph_node *node, bitmap updated_nodes) { struct cgraph_edge *e = node->callees; if (!e) return; while (true) if (!e->inline_failed && e->callee->callees) e = e->callee->callees; else { enum availability avail; struct cgraph_node *callee; /* We do not reset callee growth cache here. Since we added a new call, growth chould have just increased and consequentely badness metric don't need updating. */ if (e->inline_failed && (callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, &avail)) && inline_summary (callee)->inlinable && cgraph_function_body_availability (callee) >= AVAIL_AVAILABLE && !bitmap_bit_p (updated_nodes, callee->uid)) { if (can_inline_edge_p (e, false) && want_inline_small_function_p (e, false)) update_edge_key (heap, e); else if (e->aux) { report_inline_failed_reason (e); fibheap_delete_node (heap, (fibnode_t) e->aux); e->aux = NULL; } } if (e->next_callee) e = e->next_callee; else { do { if (e->caller == node) return; e = e->caller->callers; } while (!e->next_callee); e = e->next_callee; } } } /* Recompute heap nodes for each of caller edges of each of callees. Walk recursively into all inline clones. */ static void update_all_callee_keys (fibheap_t heap, struct cgraph_node *node, bitmap updated_nodes) { struct cgraph_edge *e = node->callees; if (!e) return; while (true) if (!e->inline_failed && e->callee->callees) e = e->callee->callees; else { struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); /* We inlined and thus callees might have different number of calls. Reset their caches */ reset_node_growth_cache (callee); if (e->inline_failed) update_caller_keys (heap, callee, updated_nodes, e); if (e->next_callee) e = e->next_callee; else { do { if (e->caller == node) return; e = e->caller->callers; } while (!e->next_callee); e = e->next_callee; } } } /* Enqueue all recursive calls from NODE into priority queue depending on how likely we want to recursively inline the call. */ static void lookup_recursive_calls (struct cgraph_node *node, struct cgraph_node *where, fibheap_t heap) { struct cgraph_edge *e; enum availability avail; for (e = where->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) if (e->callee == node || (cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, &avail) == node && avail > AVAIL_OVERWRITABLE)) { /* When profile feedback is available, prioritize by expected number of calls. */ fibheap_insert (heap, !max_count ? -e->frequency : -(e->count / ((max_count + (1<<24) - 1) / (1<<24))), e); } for (e = where->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) if (!e->inline_failed) lookup_recursive_calls (node, e->callee, heap); } /* Decide on recursive inlining: in the case function has recursive calls, inline until body size reaches given argument. If any new indirect edges are discovered in the process, add them to *NEW_EDGES, unless NEW_EDGES is NULL. */ static bool recursive_inlining (struct cgraph_edge *edge, VEC (cgraph_edge_p, heap) **new_edges) { int limit = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_INLINE_INSNS_RECURSIVE_AUTO); fibheap_t heap; struct cgraph_node *node; struct cgraph_edge *e; struct cgraph_node *master_clone = NULL, *next; int depth = 0; int n = 0; node = edge->caller; if (node->global.inlined_to) node = node->global.inlined_to; if (DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (node->decl)) limit = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_INLINE_INSNS_RECURSIVE); /* Make sure that function is small enough to be considered for inlining. */ if (estimate_size_after_inlining (node, edge) >= limit) return false; heap = fibheap_new (); lookup_recursive_calls (node, node, heap); if (fibheap_empty (heap)) { fibheap_delete (heap); return false; } if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Performing recursive inlining on %s\n", cgraph_node_name (node)); /* Do the inlining and update list of recursive call during process. */ while (!fibheap_empty (heap)) { struct cgraph_edge *curr = (struct cgraph_edge *) fibheap_extract_min (heap); struct cgraph_node *cnode; if (estimate_size_after_inlining (node, curr) > limit) break; if (!can_inline_edge_p (curr, true)) continue; depth = 1; for (cnode = curr->caller; cnode->global.inlined_to; cnode = cnode->callers->caller) if (node->decl == cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (curr->callee, NULL)->decl) depth++; if (!want_inline_self_recursive_call_p (curr, node, false, depth)) continue; if (dump_file) { fprintf (dump_file, " Inlining call of depth %i", depth); if (node->count) { fprintf (dump_file, " called approx. %.2f times per call", (double)curr->count / node->count); } fprintf (dump_file, "\n"); } if (!master_clone) { /* We need original clone to copy around. */ master_clone = cgraph_clone_node (node, node->decl, node->count, CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE, false, NULL, true); for (e = master_clone->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) if (!e->inline_failed) clone_inlined_nodes (e, true, false, NULL); } cgraph_redirect_edge_callee (curr, master_clone); inline_call (curr, false, new_edges, &overall_size); lookup_recursive_calls (node, curr->callee, heap); n++; } if (!fibheap_empty (heap) && dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Recursive inlining growth limit met.\n"); fibheap_delete (heap); if (!master_clone) return false; if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "\n Inlined %i times, " "body grown from size %i to %i, time %i to %i\n", n, inline_summary (master_clone)->size, inline_summary (node)->size, inline_summary (master_clone)->time, inline_summary (node)->time); /* Remove master clone we used for inlining. We rely that clones inlined into master clone gets queued just before master clone so we don't need recursion. */ for (node = cgraph_nodes; node != master_clone; node = next) { next = node->next; if (node->global.inlined_to == master_clone) cgraph_remove_node (node); } cgraph_remove_node (master_clone); return true; } /* Given whole compilation unit estimate of INSNS, compute how large we can allow the unit to grow. */ static int compute_max_insns (int insns) { int max_insns = insns; if (max_insns < PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_LARGE_UNIT_INSNS)) max_insns = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_LARGE_UNIT_INSNS); return ((HOST_WIDEST_INT) max_insns * (100 + PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_INLINE_UNIT_GROWTH)) / 100); } /* Compute badness of all edges in NEW_EDGES and add them to the HEAP. */ static void add_new_edges_to_heap (fibheap_t heap, VEC (cgraph_edge_p, heap) *new_edges) { while (VEC_length (cgraph_edge_p, new_edges) > 0) { struct cgraph_edge *edge = VEC_pop (cgraph_edge_p, new_edges); gcc_assert (!edge->aux); if (edge->inline_failed && can_inline_edge_p (edge, true) && want_inline_small_function_p (edge, true)) edge->aux = fibheap_insert (heap, edge_badness (edge, false), edge); } } /* We use greedy algorithm for inlining of small functions: All inline candidates are put into prioritized heap ordered in increasing badness. The inlining of small functions is bounded by unit growth parameters. */ static void inline_small_functions (void) { struct cgraph_node *node; struct cgraph_edge *edge; fibheap_t heap = fibheap_new (); bitmap updated_nodes = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL); int min_size, max_size; VEC (cgraph_edge_p, heap) *new_indirect_edges = NULL; int initial_size = 0; if (flag_indirect_inlining) new_indirect_edges = VEC_alloc (cgraph_edge_p, heap, 8); if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "\nDeciding on inlining of small functions. Starting with size %i.\n", initial_size); /* Compute overall unit size and other global parameters used by badness metrics. */ max_count = 0; initialize_growth_caches (); FOR_EACH_DEFINED_FUNCTION (node) if (!node->global.inlined_to) { if (cgraph_function_with_gimple_body_p (node) || node->thunk.thunk_p) { struct inline_summary *info = inline_summary (node); if (!DECL_EXTERNAL (node->decl)) initial_size += info->size; } for (edge = node->callers; edge; edge = edge->next_caller) if (max_count < edge->count) max_count = edge->count; } overall_size = initial_size; max_size = compute_max_insns (overall_size); min_size = overall_size; /* Populate the heeap with all edges we might inline. */ FOR_EACH_DEFINED_FUNCTION (node) if (!node->global.inlined_to) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Enqueueing calls of %s/%i.\n", cgraph_node_name (node), node->uid); for (edge = node->callers; edge; edge = edge->next_caller) if (edge->inline_failed && can_inline_edge_p (edge, true) && want_inline_small_function_p (edge, true) && edge->inline_failed) { gcc_assert (!edge->aux); update_edge_key (heap, edge); } } gcc_assert (in_lto_p || !max_count || (profile_info && flag_branch_probabilities)); while (!fibheap_empty (heap)) { int old_size = overall_size; struct cgraph_node *where, *callee; int badness = fibheap_min_key (heap); int current_badness; int cached_badness; int growth; edge = (struct cgraph_edge *) fibheap_extract_min (heap); gcc_assert (edge->aux); edge->aux = NULL; if (!edge->inline_failed) continue; /* Be sure that caches are maintained consistent. We can not make this ENABLE_CHECKING only because it cause differnt updates of the fibheap queue. */ cached_badness = edge_badness (edge, false); reset_edge_growth_cache (edge); reset_node_growth_cache (edge->callee); /* When updating the edge costs, we only decrease badness in the keys. Increases of badness are handled lazilly; when we see key with out of date value on it, we re-insert it now. */ current_badness = edge_badness (edge, false); gcc_assert (cached_badness == current_badness); gcc_assert (current_badness >= badness); if (current_badness != badness) { edge->aux = fibheap_insert (heap, current_badness, edge); continue; } if (!can_inline_edge_p (edge, true)) continue; callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (edge->callee, NULL); growth = estimate_edge_growth (edge); if (dump_file) { fprintf (dump_file, "\nConsidering %s with %i size\n", cgraph_node_name (callee), inline_summary (callee)->size); fprintf (dump_file, " to be inlined into %s in %s:%i\n" " Estimated growth after inlined into all is %+i insns.\n" " Estimated badness is %i, frequency %.2f.\n", cgraph_node_name (edge->caller), flag_wpa ? "unknown" : gimple_filename ((const_gimple) edge->call_stmt), flag_wpa ? -1 : gimple_lineno ((const_gimple) edge->call_stmt), estimate_growth (callee), badness, edge->frequency / (double)CGRAPH_FREQ_BASE); if (edge->count) fprintf (dump_file," Called "HOST_WIDEST_INT_PRINT_DEC"x\n", edge->count); if (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS) edge_badness (edge, true); } if (overall_size + growth > max_size && !DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (callee->decl)) { edge->inline_failed = CIF_INLINE_UNIT_GROWTH_LIMIT; report_inline_failed_reason (edge); continue; } if (!want_inline_small_function_p (edge, true)) continue; /* Heuristics for inlining small functions works poorly for recursive calls where we do efect similar to loop unrolling. When inliing such edge seems profitable, leave decision on specific inliner. */ if (cgraph_edge_recursive_p (edge)) { where = edge->caller; if (where->global.inlined_to) where = where->global.inlined_to; if (!recursive_inlining (edge, flag_indirect_inlining ? &new_indirect_edges : NULL)) { edge->inline_failed = CIF_RECURSIVE_INLINING; continue; } reset_edge_caches (where); /* Recursive inliner inlines all recursive calls of the function at once. Consequently we need to update all callee keys. */ if (flag_indirect_inlining) add_new_edges_to_heap (heap, new_indirect_edges); update_all_callee_keys (heap, where, updated_nodes); } else { struct cgraph_node *outer_node = NULL; int depth = 0; /* Consider the case where self recursive function A is inlined into B. This is desired optimization in some cases, since it leads to effect similar of loop peeling and we might completely optimize out the recursive call. However we must be extra selective. */ where = edge->caller; while (where->global.inlined_to) { if (where->decl == callee->decl) outer_node = where, depth++; where = where->callers->caller; } if (outer_node && !want_inline_self_recursive_call_p (edge, outer_node, true, depth)) { edge->inline_failed = (DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (edge->callee->decl) ? CIF_RECURSIVE_INLINING : CIF_UNSPECIFIED); continue; } else if (depth && dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Peeling recursion with depth %i\n", depth); gcc_checking_assert (!callee->global.inlined_to); inline_call (edge, true, &new_indirect_edges, &overall_size); if (flag_indirect_inlining) add_new_edges_to_heap (heap, new_indirect_edges); reset_edge_caches (edge->callee); reset_node_growth_cache (callee); /* We inlined last offline copy to the body. This might lead to callees of function having fewer call sites and thus they may need updating. FIXME: the callee size could also shrink because more information is propagated from caller. We don't track when this happen and thus we need to recompute everything all the time. Once this is solved, "|| 1" should go away. */ if (callee->global.inlined_to || 1) update_all_callee_keys (heap, callee, updated_nodes); else update_callee_keys (heap, edge->callee, updated_nodes); } where = edge->caller; if (where->global.inlined_to) where = where->global.inlined_to; /* Our profitability metric can depend on local properties such as number of inlinable calls and size of the function body. After inlining these properties might change for the function we inlined into (since it's body size changed) and for the functions called by function we inlined (since number of it inlinable callers might change). */ update_caller_keys (heap, where, updated_nodes, NULL); /* We removed one call of the function we just inlined. If offline copy is still needed, be sure to update the keys. */ if (callee != where && !callee->global.inlined_to) update_caller_keys (heap, callee, updated_nodes, NULL); bitmap_clear (updated_nodes); if (dump_file) { fprintf (dump_file, " Inlined into %s which now has time %i and size %i," "net change of %+i.\n", cgraph_node_name (edge->caller), inline_summary (edge->caller)->time, inline_summary (edge->caller)->size, overall_size - old_size); } if (min_size > overall_size) { min_size = overall_size; max_size = compute_max_insns (min_size); if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "New minimal size reached: %i\n", min_size); } } free_growth_caches (); if (new_indirect_edges) VEC_free (cgraph_edge_p, heap, new_indirect_edges); fibheap_delete (heap); if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Unit growth for small function inlining: %i->%i (%i%%)\n", initial_size, overall_size, initial_size ? overall_size * 100 / (initial_size) - 100: 0); BITMAP_FREE (updated_nodes); } /* Flatten NODE. Performed both during early inlining and at IPA inlining time. */ static void flatten_function (struct cgraph_node *node, bool early) { struct cgraph_edge *e; /* We shouldn't be called recursively when we are being processed. */ gcc_assert (node->aux == NULL); node->aux = (void *) node; for (e = node->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) { struct cgraph_node *orig_callee; struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); /* We've hit cycle? It is time to give up. */ if (callee->aux) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Not inlining %s into %s to avoid cycle.\n", cgraph_node_name (callee), cgraph_node_name (e->caller)); e->inline_failed = CIF_RECURSIVE_INLINING; continue; } /* When the edge is already inlined, we just need to recurse into it in order to fully flatten the leaves. */ if (!e->inline_failed) { flatten_function (callee, early); continue; } /* Flatten attribute needs to be processed during late inlining. For extra code quality we however do flattening during early optimization, too. */ if (!early ? !can_inline_edge_p (e, true) : !can_early_inline_edge_p (e)) continue; if (cgraph_edge_recursive_p (e)) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Not inlining: recursive call.\n"); continue; } if (gimple_in_ssa_p (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (node->decl)) != gimple_in_ssa_p (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (callee->decl))) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Not inlining: SSA form does not match.\n"); continue; } /* Inline the edge and flatten the inline clone. Avoid recursing through the original node if the node was cloned. */ if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Inlining %s into %s.\n", cgraph_node_name (callee), cgraph_node_name (e->caller)); orig_callee = callee; inline_call (e, true, NULL, NULL); if (e->callee != orig_callee) orig_callee->aux = (void *) node; flatten_function (e->callee, early); if (e->callee != orig_callee) orig_callee->aux = NULL; } node->aux = NULL; } /* Decide on the inlining. We do so in the topological order to avoid expenses on updating data structures. */ static unsigned int ipa_inline (void) { struct cgraph_node *node; int nnodes; struct cgraph_node **order = XCNEWVEC (struct cgraph_node *, cgraph_n_nodes); int i; if (in_lto_p && optimize) ipa_update_after_lto_read (); if (dump_file) dump_inline_summaries (dump_file); nnodes = ipa_reverse_postorder (order); for (node = cgraph_nodes; node; node = node->next) node->aux = 0; if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "\nFlattening functions:\n"); /* In the first pass handle functions to be flattened. Do this with a priority so none of our later choices will make this impossible. */ for (i = nnodes - 1; i >= 0; i--) { node = order[i]; /* Handle nodes to be flattened. Ideally when processing callees we stop inlining at the entry of cycles, possibly cloning that entry point and try to flatten itself turning it into a self-recursive function. */ if (lookup_attribute ("flatten", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (node->decl)) != NULL) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Flattening %s\n", cgraph_node_name (node)); flatten_function (node, false); } } inline_small_functions (); cgraph_remove_unreachable_nodes (true, dump_file); free (order); /* We already perform some inlining of functions called once during inlining small functions above. After unreachable nodes are removed, we still might do a quick check that nothing new is found. */ if (flag_inline_functions_called_once) { int cold; if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "\nDeciding on functions called once:\n"); /* Inlining one function called once has good chance of preventing inlining other function into the same callee. Ideally we should work in priority order, but probably inlining hot functions first is good cut without the extra pain of maintaining the queue. ??? this is not really fitting the bill perfectly: inlining function into callee often leads to better optimization of callee due to increased context for optimization. For example if main() function calls a function that outputs help and then function that does the main optmization, we should inline the second with priority even if both calls are cold by themselves. We probably want to implement new predicate replacing our use of maybe_hot_edge interpreted as maybe_hot_edge || callee is known to be hot. */ for (cold = 0; cold <= 1; cold ++) { for (node = cgraph_nodes; node; node = node->next) { if (want_inline_function_called_once_p (node) && (cold || cgraph_maybe_hot_edge_p (node->callers))) { struct cgraph_node *caller = node->callers->caller; if (dump_file) { fprintf (dump_file, "\nInlining %s size %i.\n", cgraph_node_name (node), inline_summary (node)->size); fprintf (dump_file, " Called once from %s %i insns.\n", cgraph_node_name (node->callers->caller), inline_summary (node->callers->caller)->size); } inline_call (node->callers, true, NULL, NULL); if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Inlined into %s which now has %i size\n", cgraph_node_name (caller), inline_summary (caller)->size); } } } } /* Free ipa-prop structures if they are no longer needed. */ if (optimize) ipa_free_all_structures_after_iinln (); if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "\nInlined %i calls, eliminated %i functions\n\n", ncalls_inlined, nfunctions_inlined); if (dump_file) dump_inline_summaries (dump_file); /* In WPA we use inline summaries for partitioning process. */ if (!flag_wpa) inline_free_summary (); return 0; } /* Inline always-inline function calls in NODE. */ static bool inline_always_inline_functions (struct cgraph_node *node) { struct cgraph_edge *e; bool inlined = false; for (e = node->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) { struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); if (!DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (callee->decl)) continue; if (cgraph_edge_recursive_p (e)) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Not inlining recursive call to %s.\n", cgraph_node_name (e->callee)); e->inline_failed = CIF_RECURSIVE_INLINING; continue; } if (!can_early_inline_edge_p (e)) continue; if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Inlining %s into %s (always_inline).\n", cgraph_node_name (e->callee), cgraph_node_name (e->caller)); inline_call (e, true, NULL, NULL); inlined = true; } return inlined; } /* Decide on the inlining. We do so in the topological order to avoid expenses on updating data structures. */ static bool early_inline_small_functions (struct cgraph_node *node) { struct cgraph_edge *e; bool inlined = false; for (e = node->callees; e; e = e->next_callee) { struct cgraph_node *callee = cgraph_function_or_thunk_node (e->callee, NULL); if (!inline_summary (callee)->inlinable || !e->inline_failed) continue; /* Do not consider functions not declared inline. */ if (!DECL_DECLARED_INLINE_P (callee->decl) && !flag_inline_small_functions && !flag_inline_functions) continue; if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Considering inline candidate %s.\n", cgraph_node_name (callee)); if (!can_early_inline_edge_p (e)) continue; if (cgraph_edge_recursive_p (e)) { if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Not inlining: recursive call.\n"); continue; } if (!want_early_inline_function_p (e)) continue; if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, " Inlining %s into %s.\n", cgraph_node_name (callee), cgraph_node_name (e->caller)); inline_call (e, true, NULL, NULL); inlined = true; } return inlined; } /* Do inlining of small functions. Doing so early helps profiling and other passes to be somewhat more effective and avoids some code duplication in later real inlining pass for testcases with very many function calls. */ static unsigned int early_inliner (void) { struct cgraph_node *node = cgraph_get_node (current_function_decl); struct cgraph_edge *edge; unsigned int todo = 0; int iterations = 0; bool inlined = false; if (seen_error ()) return 0; /* Do nothing if datastructures for ipa-inliner are already computed. This happens when some pass decides to construct new function and cgraph_add_new_function calls lowering passes and early optimization on it. This may confuse ourself when early inliner decide to inline call to function clone, because function clones don't have parameter list in ipa-prop matching their signature. */ if (ipa_node_params_vector) return 0; #ifdef ENABLE_CHECKING verify_cgraph_node (node); #endif /* Even when not optimizing or not inlining inline always-inline functions. */ inlined = inline_always_inline_functions (node); if (!optimize || flag_no_inline || !flag_early_inlining /* Never inline regular functions into always-inline functions during incremental inlining. This sucks as functions calling always inline functions will get less optimized, but at the same time inlining of functions calling always inline function into an always inline function might introduce cycles of edges to be always inlined in the callgraph. We might want to be smarter and just avoid this type of inlining. */ || DECL_DISREGARD_INLINE_LIMITS (node->decl)) ; else if (lookup_attribute ("flatten", DECL_ATTRIBUTES (node->decl)) != NULL) { /* When the function is marked to be flattened, recursively inline all calls in it. */ if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Flattening %s\n", cgraph_node_name (node)); flatten_function (node, true); inlined = true; } else { /* We iterate incremental inlining to get trivial cases of indirect inlining. */ while (iterations < PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_EARLY_INLINER_MAX_ITERATIONS) && early_inline_small_functions (node)) { timevar_push (TV_INTEGRATION); todo |= optimize_inline_calls (current_function_decl); /* Technically we ought to recompute inline parameters so the new iteration of early inliner works as expected. We however have values approximately right and thus we only need to update edge info that might be cleared out for newly discovered edges. */ for (edge = node->callees; edge; edge = edge->next_callee) { struct inline_edge_summary *es = inline_edge_summary (edge); es->call_stmt_size = estimate_num_insns (edge->call_stmt, &eni_size_weights); es->call_stmt_time = estimate_num_insns (edge->call_stmt, &eni_time_weights); if (edge->callee->decl && !gimple_check_call_matching_types (edge->call_stmt, edge->callee->decl)) edge->call_stmt_cannot_inline_p = true; } timevar_pop (TV_INTEGRATION); iterations++; inlined = false; } if (dump_file) fprintf (dump_file, "Iterations: %i\n", iterations); } if (inlined) { timevar_push (TV_INTEGRATION); todo |= optimize_inline_calls (current_function_decl); timevar_pop (TV_INTEGRATION); } cfun->always_inline_functions_inlined = true; return todo; } struct gimple_opt_pass pass_early_inline = { { GIMPLE_PASS, "einline", /* name */ NULL, /* gate */ early_inliner, /* execute */ NULL, /* sub */ NULL, /* next */ 0, /* static_pass_number */ TV_INLINE_HEURISTICS, /* tv_id */ PROP_ssa, /* properties_required */ 0, /* properties_provided */ 0, /* properties_destroyed */ 0, /* todo_flags_start */ 0 /* todo_flags_finish */ } }; /* When to run IPA inlining. Inlining of always-inline functions happens during early inlining. Enable inlining unconditoinally at -flto. We need size estimates to drive partitioning. */ static bool gate_ipa_inline (void) { return optimize || flag_lto || flag_wpa; } struct ipa_opt_pass_d pass_ipa_inline = { { IPA_PASS, "inline", /* name */ gate_ipa_inline, /* gate */ ipa_inline, /* execute */ NULL, /* sub */ NULL, /* next */ 0, /* static_pass_number */ TV_INLINE_HEURISTICS, /* tv_id */ 0, /* properties_required */ 0, /* properties_provided */ 0, /* properties_destroyed */ TODO_remove_functions, /* todo_flags_finish */ TODO_dump_cgraph | TODO_remove_functions | TODO_ggc_collect /* todo_flags_finish */ }, inline_generate_summary, /* generate_summary */ inline_write_summary, /* write_summary */ inline_read_summary, /* read_summary */ NULL, /* write_optimization_summary */ NULL, /* read_optimization_summary */ NULL, /* stmt_fixup */ 0, /* TODOs */ inline_transform, /* function_transform */ NULL, /* variable_transform */ };
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