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<!-- package.html - describes classes in javax.print package.
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<html>
<head><title>GNU Classpath - javax.print</title></head>
<body>
Provides the basic interfaces and classes of the Java Print Service API.
<p>
The Java Print Service API enables programmers to:
<ul>
<li>Discover print services for printing to printer devices and to output
streams. The discovery process can be constrained to return only print
services supporting specific document formats or printing attributes.</li>
<li>Print client-formatted print data like Postscript, PDF or various
image formats and service-formatted print data from Java.</li>
<li>Submit, cancel and monitor single and multi document print jobs.</li>
<li>Provide users a graphical print service browser with printing attribute
selection.</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<h2>Print Service Discovery</h2>
Print service types in the JPS API:
<ul>
<li><a href="PrintService.html">PrintService</a>:<br>The base interface
describing a print service capable of printing a supplied document for a
given document format to the printer device it is representing.</li><br>
<li><a href="MultiDocPrintService.html">MultiDocPrintService</a>:<br>Extends
the PrintService interface and provides a print service which is capable of
printing multiple documents as one print job to its printer device.</li><br>
<li><a href="StreamPrintService.html">StreamPrintService</a>:<br>Extends the
PrintService interface and provides a print service which is capable of
printing into a supplied output stream instead of to a physical printer
device.</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
<h4>PrintService, MultiDocPrintService</h4>
Discovery is done by the use of the static methods in the
<a href="PrintServiceLookup.html">PrintServiceLookup</a> class. The discovery
process can be constrained by supplying the document formats and printing
attributes that need to be supported by the returned print service. Furthermore
the <a href="PrintServiceLookup.html#lookupDefaultPrintService()">
lookupDefaultPrintService()</a> method enables to lookup the default print
service of the platforms printing system.
</p>
<p>
<h4>StreamPrintService</h4>
StreamPrintService provides the same functionality as a print service for output
to a supplied <code>OutputStream</code>. Available stream print services are
discovered via the static methods in the <a href="StreamPrintServiceFactory.html">
StreamPrintServiceFactory</a> factory. The query can be constrained by supplying
the the requested document format support and the needed output format.
</p>
<h2>Document formats</h2>
The format of the printing documents are specified by the
<a href="DocFlavor.html">DocFlavor</a> class in the JPS API. It provides the
description of the format in which the print data will be supplied in a print
job to the print service and consists of two parts:
<ul>
<li>The MIME type (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions types as described in
RFC 2045/2046) specifying the media format of the print data.</li>
<br>
<li>The representation class name which is the fully qualified name of the
class providing the print data to the print job. For example if the print data
is supplied as a byte array the representation class name will be "[B" or for
an input stream "java.io.InputStream".</li>
</ul>
The Java Print Service API differentiates between two types of print data,
client-formatted and service-formatted. Client-formatted print data is already
provided in a formatted representation by the client e.g. in an image format
or as postscript. For service-formatted print data, the Java Print Service
implementation produces the formatted print data. Here the doc flavor's
representation class name does specify an interface instead of the actual
print data source. The print service will call the methods of the given
implementation of this interface with a special Graphics object capable of
producing formatted print data from the graphics routines inside the
interface methods.
</ul>
<h2>Printing attributes</h2>
Print services as well as print jobs report their state and capabilities
by the way of supplying printing attributes. Also the behaviour of print
jobs (like how many copies should be printed) is controlled via printing
attributes. For these requirements the JPS API defines different roles
of attributes and common syntax classes in the package
<code>javax.print.attribute</code>. The actual available printing attributes
are implemented in the <code>javax.print.attribute.standard</code> package.
<ul>
<li>Print service attributes:<br>
These printing attributes of role
<a href="attribute/PrintServiceAttribute.html">PrintServiceAttribute</a> report
the status and other informations of a PrintService. Example for informations
available in the print services attributes are the attribute
<code>PagesPerMinute</code> providing the number of pages a printer can print
per minute. Status attributes like the <code>PrinterState</code> attribute
gives the current state (e.g. printer currently processes or is idle) of the
printer.</li>
<br>
<li>Print job attributes:<br>
Print job attributes of role <a href="attribute/PrintJobAttribute.html">
PrintJobAttribute</a> inform about the status of given print job. For example
the <code>NumberOfInterveningJobs</code> attribute provides the number of jobs
ahead in the print service queue before this job. Status attributes like the
<code>JobState</code> attribute gives the current state of the print job (like
pending, processing or canceled).</li>
<br>
<li>Print request attributes:<br>
The attributes of role <a href="attribute/PrintRequestAttribute.html">
PrintRequestAttribute</a> specify the behaviour of a complete print job.
The print request attributes apply to all documents in a print job, whereas
the doc attributes only apply to the specific document in a print job.
Most of the print request attributes are also doc attributes and therefore
implementing both attribute role interfaces.
</li>
<br>
<li>Doc attributes:<br>
As described above the <a href="attribute/PrintJobAttribute.html">
PrintJobAttribute</a> attributes are specific to a single document in the
print job.
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Example of using the API</h2>
<pre>
import java.io.*;
<br>
import javax.print.*;
import javax.print.attribute.*;
import javax.print.attribute.standard.*;
import javax.print.event.*;
<br>
public class Beispiel
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Using the predefined doc flavor for postscript mimetype
DocFlavor flavor = DocFlavor.INPUT_STREAM.POSTSCRIPT;
<br>
// Looking for printservice supporting this doc flavor
PrintService[] services = PrintServiceLookup.lookupPrintServices(flavor, null);
<br>
// Just take the first
PrintService service = services[0];
System.out.println("Name :" + service.getName());
<br>
try
{
// Create a print job
DocPrintJob job = service.createPrintJob();
<br>
// We want to print a file so we construct an inputstream
// on the file to supply the print data as given in the doc flavor
File file = new File("File.ps");
InputStream stream = new FileInputStream(file);
<br>
// Build a attribute set with the wanted printing attributes
HashPrintRequestAttributeSet attr = new HashPrintRequestAttributeSet();
attr.add(new Copies(2)); // two copies
attr.add(new PageRanges(2, 7)); // only the 2-7 pages
<br>
// Construct a doc object with the provided class SimpleDoc
SimpleDoc doc = new SimpleDoc(stream, flavor, null);
<br>
// register us as the print - use the adapter class
// and override the interesing failure condition
job.addPrintJobListener(new PrintJobAdapter()
{
public void printJobFailed(PrintJobEvent arg0)
{
System.out.println("The PrintJob failed.");
}
});
<br>
// start the printing process
job.print(doc, attr);
<br>
// lets assume we want to cancel it
if (job instanceof CancelablePrintJob)
{
CancelablePrintJob cancelJob = (CancelablePrintJob) job;
cancelJob.cancel();
}
<br>
}
catch (PrintException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<b>Since:</b> 1.4
</p>
</body>
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