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/* tc-i386.c -- Assemble Intel syntax code for ix86/x86-64 Copyright 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler. GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later version. GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */ static struct { operatorT op_modifier; /* Operand modifier. */ int is_mem; /* 1 if operand is memory reference. */ unsigned int in_offset; /* >=1 if processing operand of offset. */ unsigned int in_bracket; /* >=1 if processing operand in brackets. */ unsigned int in_scale; /* >=1 if processing multipication operand * in brackets. */ i386_operand_type reloc_types; /* Value obtained from lex_got(). */ const reg_entry *base; /* Base register (if any). */ const reg_entry *index; /* Index register (if any). */ offsetT scale_factor; /* Accumulated scale factor. */ symbolS *seg; } intel_state; /* offset X_add_symbol */ #define O_offset O_md32 /* offset X_add_symbol */ #define O_short O_md31 /* near ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_near_ptr O_md30 /* far ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_far_ptr O_md29 /* byte ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_byte_ptr O_md28 /* word ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_word_ptr O_md27 /* dword ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_dword_ptr O_md26 /* qword ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_qword_ptr O_md25 /* oword ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_oword_ptr O_md24 /* fword ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_fword_ptr O_md23 /* tbyte ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_tbyte_ptr O_md22 /* xmmword ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_xmmword_ptr O_md21 /* ymmword ptr X_add_symbol */ #define O_ymmword_ptr O_md20 static struct { const char *name; operatorT op; unsigned int operands; } const i386_operators[] = { { "and", O_bit_and, 2 }, { "eq", O_eq, 2 }, { "ge", O_ge, 2 }, { "gt", O_gt, 2 }, { "le", O_le, 2 }, { "lt", O_lt, 2 }, { "mod", O_modulus, 2 }, { "ne", O_ne, 2 }, { "not", O_bit_not, 1 }, { "offset", O_offset, 1 }, { "or", O_bit_inclusive_or, 2 }, { "shl", O_left_shift, 2 }, { "short", O_short, 1 }, { "shr", O_right_shift, 2 }, { "xor", O_bit_exclusive_or, 2 }, { NULL, O_illegal, 0 } }; static struct { const char *name; operatorT op; unsigned short sz[3]; } const i386_types[] = { #define I386_TYPE(t, n) { #t, O_##t##_ptr, { n, n, n } } I386_TYPE(byte, 1), I386_TYPE(word, 2), I386_TYPE(dword, 4), I386_TYPE(fword, 6), I386_TYPE(qword, 8), I386_TYPE(tbyte, 10), I386_TYPE(oword, 16), I386_TYPE(xmmword, 16), I386_TYPE(ymmword, 32), #undef I386_TYPE { "near", O_near_ptr, { 0xff04, 0xff02, 0xff08 } }, { "far", O_far_ptr, { 0xff06, 0xff05, 0xff06 } }, { NULL, O_illegal, { 0, 0, 0 } } }; operatorT i386_operator (const char *name, unsigned int operands, char *pc) { unsigned int j; if (!intel_syntax) return O_absent; if (!name) { if (operands != 2) return O_illegal; switch (*input_line_pointer) { case ':': ++input_line_pointer; return O_full_ptr; case '[': ++input_line_pointer; return O_index; case '@': if (this_operand >= 0 && i.reloc[this_operand] == NO_RELOC) { int adjust = 0; char *gotfree_input_line = lex_got (&i.reloc[this_operand], &adjust, &intel_state.reloc_types); if (!gotfree_input_line) break; free (gotfree_input_line); *input_line_pointer++ = '+'; memset (input_line_pointer, '0', adjust - 1); input_line_pointer[adjust - 1] = ' '; return O_add; } break; } return O_illegal; } for (j = 0; i386_operators[j].name; ++j) if (strcasecmp(i386_operators[j].name, name) == 0) { if (i386_operators[j].operands && i386_operators[j].operands != operands) return O_illegal; return i386_operators[j].op; } for (j = 0; i386_types[j].name; ++j) if (strcasecmp(i386_types[j].name, name) == 0) break; if (i386_types[j].name && *pc == ' ') { char *name = ++input_line_pointer; char c = get_symbol_end (); if (strcasecmp (name, "ptr") == 0) { name[-1] = *pc; *pc = c; if (intel_syntax > 0 || operands != 1) return O_illegal; return i386_types[j].op; } *input_line_pointer = c; input_line_pointer = name - 1; } return O_absent; } static int i386_intel_parse_name (const char *name, expressionS *e) { unsigned int i; for (i = 0; i386_types[i].name; ++i) if (strcasecmp(i386_types[i].name, name) == 0) { e->X_op = O_constant; e->X_add_number = i386_types[i].sz[flag_code]; e->X_add_symbol = NULL; e->X_op_symbol = NULL; return 1; } return 0; } static INLINE int i386_intel_check (const reg_entry *reg, const reg_entry *base, const reg_entry *index) { if ((this_operand >= 0 && reg != i.op[this_operand].regs) || base != intel_state.base || index != intel_state.index) { as_bad (_("invalid use of register")); return 0; } return 1; } static INLINE void i386_intel_fold (expressionS *e, symbolS *sym) { if (S_GET_SEGMENT (sym) == absolute_section) { offsetT val = e->X_add_number; *e = *symbol_get_value_expression (sym); e->X_add_number += val; } else { e->X_add_symbol = sym; e->X_op_symbol = NULL; e->X_op = O_symbol; } } static int i386_intel_simplify (expressionS *); static INLINE int i386_intel_simplify_symbol(symbolS *sym) { int ret = i386_intel_simplify (symbol_get_value_expression (sym)); if (ret == 2) { S_SET_SEGMENT(sym, absolute_section); ret = 1; } return ret; } static int i386_intel_simplify (expressionS *e) { const reg_entry *reg = this_operand >= 0 ? i.op[this_operand].regs : NULL; const reg_entry *base = intel_state.base; const reg_entry *index = intel_state.index; int ret; if (!intel_syntax) return 1; switch (e->X_op) { case O_index: if (e->X_add_symbol) { if (!i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_add_symbol) || !i386_intel_check(reg, intel_state.base, intel_state.index)) return 0;; } if (!intel_state.in_offset) ++intel_state.in_bracket; ret = i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_op_symbol); if (!intel_state.in_offset) --intel_state.in_bracket; if (!ret) return 0; if (e->X_add_symbol) e->X_op = O_add; else i386_intel_fold (e, e->X_op_symbol); break; case O_offset: ++intel_state.in_offset; ret = i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_add_symbol); --intel_state.in_offset; if (!ret || !i386_intel_check(reg, base, index)) return 0; i386_intel_fold (e, e->X_add_symbol); return ret; case O_byte_ptr: case O_word_ptr: case O_dword_ptr: case O_fword_ptr: case O_qword_ptr: case O_tbyte_ptr: case O_oword_ptr: case O_xmmword_ptr: case O_ymmword_ptr: case O_near_ptr: case O_far_ptr: if (intel_state.op_modifier == O_absent) intel_state.op_modifier = e->X_op; /* FALLTHROUGH */ case O_short: if (symbol_get_value_expression (e->X_add_symbol)->X_op == O_register) { as_bad (_("invalid use of register")); return 0; } if (!i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_add_symbol)) return 0; i386_intel_fold (e, e->X_add_symbol); break; case O_full_ptr: if (symbol_get_value_expression (e->X_op_symbol)->X_op == O_register) { as_bad (_("invalid use of register")); return 0; } if (!i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_op_symbol) || !i386_intel_check(reg, intel_state.base, intel_state.index)) return 0; if (!intel_state.in_offset) intel_state.seg = e->X_add_symbol; i386_intel_fold (e, e->X_op_symbol); break; case O_register: if (this_operand < 0 || intel_state.in_offset) { as_bad (_("invalid use of register")); return 0; } if (!intel_state.in_bracket) { if (i.op[this_operand].regs) { as_bad (_("invalid use of register")); return 0; } if (i386_regtab[e->X_add_number].reg_type.bitfield.sreg3 && i386_regtab[e->X_add_number].reg_num == RegFlat) { as_bad (_("invalid use of pseudo-register")); return 0; } i.op[this_operand].regs = i386_regtab + e->X_add_number; } else if (!intel_state.base && !intel_state.in_scale) intel_state.base = i386_regtab + e->X_add_number; else if (!intel_state.index) intel_state.index = i386_regtab + e->X_add_number; else { /* esp is invalid as index */ intel_state.index = i386_regtab + REGNAM_EAX + 4; } e->X_op = O_constant; e->X_add_number = 0; return 2; case O_multiply: if (this_operand >= 0 && intel_state.in_bracket) { expressionS *scale = NULL; if (intel_state.index) --scale; if (!intel_state.in_scale++) intel_state.scale_factor = 1; ret = i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_add_symbol); if (ret && !scale && intel_state.index) scale = symbol_get_value_expression (e->X_op_symbol); if (ret) ret = i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_op_symbol); if (ret && !scale && intel_state.index) scale = symbol_get_value_expression (e->X_add_symbol); if (ret && scale && (scale + 1)) { resolve_expression (scale); if (scale->X_op != O_constant || intel_state.index->reg_type.bitfield.reg16) scale->X_add_number = 0; intel_state.scale_factor *= scale->X_add_number; } --intel_state.in_scale; if (!ret) return 0; if (!intel_state.in_scale) switch (intel_state.scale_factor) { case 1: i.log2_scale_factor = 0; break; case 2: i.log2_scale_factor = 1; break; case 4: i.log2_scale_factor = 2; break; case 8: i.log2_scale_factor = 3; break; default: /* esp is invalid as index */ intel_state.index = i386_regtab + REGNAM_EAX + 4; break; } break; } /* FALLTHROUGH */ default: if (e->X_add_symbol && !i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_add_symbol)) return 0; if (e->X_op == O_add || e->X_op == O_subtract) { base = intel_state.base; index = intel_state.index; } if (!i386_intel_check (reg, base, index) || (e->X_op_symbol && !i386_intel_simplify_symbol (e->X_op_symbol)) || !i386_intel_check (reg, e->X_op != O_add ? base : intel_state.base, e->X_op != O_add ? index : intel_state.index)) return 0; break; } if (this_operand >= 0 && e->X_op == O_symbol && !intel_state.in_offset) { segT seg = S_GET_SEGMENT (e->X_add_symbol); if (seg != absolute_section && seg != reg_section && seg != expr_section) intel_state.is_mem |= 2 - !intel_state.in_bracket; } return 1; } int i386_need_index_operator (void) { return intel_syntax < 0; } static int i386_intel_operand (char *operand_string, int got_a_float) { char *saved_input_line_pointer, *buf; segT exp_seg; expressionS exp, *expP; char suffix = 0; int ret; /* Initialize state structure. */ intel_state.op_modifier = O_absent; intel_state.is_mem = 0; intel_state.base = NULL; intel_state.index = NULL; intel_state.seg = NULL; operand_type_set (&intel_state.reloc_types, ~0); gas_assert (!intel_state.in_offset); gas_assert (!intel_state.in_bracket); gas_assert (!intel_state.in_scale); saved_input_line_pointer = input_line_pointer; input_line_pointer = buf = xstrdup (operand_string); /* A '$' followed by an identifier char is an identifier. Otherwise, it's operator '.' followed by an expression. */ if (*buf == '$' && !is_identifier_char (buf[1])) *buf = '.'; intel_syntax = -1; memset (&exp, 0, sizeof(exp)); exp_seg = expression (&exp); ret = i386_intel_simplify (&exp); intel_syntax = 1; SKIP_WHITESPACE (); if (!is_end_of_line[(unsigned char) *input_line_pointer]) { as_bad (_("junk `%s' after expression"), input_line_pointer); ret = 0; } else if (exp.X_op == O_illegal || exp.X_op == O_absent) { as_bad (_("invalid expression")); ret = 0; } input_line_pointer = saved_input_line_pointer; free (buf); gas_assert (!intel_state.in_offset); gas_assert (!intel_state.in_bracket); gas_assert (!intel_state.in_scale); if (!ret) return 0; if (intel_state.op_modifier != O_absent && current_templates->start->base_opcode != 0x8d /* lea */) { i.types[this_operand].bitfield.unspecified = 0; switch (intel_state.op_modifier) { case O_byte_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.byte = 1; suffix = BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; case O_word_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.word = 1; if ((current_templates->start->name[0] == 'l' && current_templates->start->name[2] == 's' && current_templates->start->name[3] == 0) || current_templates->start->base_opcode == 0x62 /* bound */) suffix = BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX; /* so it will cause an error */ else if (got_a_float == 2) /* "fi..." */ suffix = SHORT_MNEM_SUFFIX; else suffix = WORD_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; case O_dword_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.dword = 1; if ((current_templates->start->name[0] == 'l' && current_templates->start->name[2] == 's' && current_templates->start->name[3] == 0) || current_templates->start->base_opcode == 0x62 /* bound */) suffix = WORD_MNEM_SUFFIX; else if (flag_code == CODE_16BIT && (current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jump || current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jumpdword)) suffix = LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX; else if (got_a_float == 1) /* "f..." */ suffix = SHORT_MNEM_SUFFIX; else suffix = LONG_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; case O_fword_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.fword = 1; if (current_templates->start->name[0] == 'l' && current_templates->start->name[2] == 's' && current_templates->start->name[3] == 0) suffix = LONG_MNEM_SUFFIX; else if (!got_a_float) { if (flag_code == CODE_16BIT) add_prefix (DATA_PREFIX_OPCODE); suffix = LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX; } else suffix = BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX; /* so it will cause an error */ break; case O_qword_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.qword = 1; if (current_templates->start->base_opcode == 0x62 /* bound */ || got_a_float == 1) /* "f..." */ suffix = LONG_MNEM_SUFFIX; else suffix = QWORD_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; case O_tbyte_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.tbyte = 1; if (got_a_float == 1) suffix = LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX; else suffix = BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX; /* so it will cause an error */ break; case O_oword_ptr: case O_xmmword_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.xmmword = 1; suffix = XMMWORD_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; case O_ymmword_ptr: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.ymmword = 1; suffix = YMMWORD_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; case O_far_ptr: suffix = LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX; /* FALLTHROUGH */ case O_near_ptr: if (!current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jump && !current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jumpdword) suffix = got_a_float /* so it will cause an error */ ? BYTE_MNEM_SUFFIX : LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX; break; default: BAD_CASE (intel_state.op_modifier); break; } if (!i.suffix) i.suffix = suffix; else if (i.suffix != suffix) { as_bad (_("conflicting operand size modifiers")); return 0; } } /* Operands for jump/call need special consideration. */ if (current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jump || current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jumpdword || current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.jumpintersegment) { if (i.op[this_operand].regs || intel_state.base || intel_state.index || intel_state.is_mem > 1) i.types[this_operand].bitfield.jumpabsolute = 1; else switch (intel_state.op_modifier) { case O_near_ptr: if (intel_state.seg) i.types[this_operand].bitfield.jumpabsolute = 1; else intel_state.is_mem = 1; break; case O_far_ptr: case O_absent: if (!intel_state.seg) { intel_state.is_mem = 1; if (intel_state.op_modifier == O_absent) break; as_bad (_("cannot infer the segment part of the operand")); return 0; } else if (S_GET_SEGMENT (intel_state.seg) == reg_section) i.types[this_operand].bitfield.jumpabsolute = 1; else { i386_operand_type types; if (i.imm_operands >= MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS) { as_bad (_("at most %d immediate operands are allowed"), MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS); return 0; } expP = &im_expressions[i.imm_operands++]; memset (expP, 0, sizeof(*expP)); expP->X_op = O_symbol; expP->X_add_symbol = intel_state.seg; i.op[this_operand].imms = expP; resolve_expression (expP); operand_type_set (&types, ~0); if (!i386_finalize_immediate (S_GET_SEGMENT (intel_state.seg), expP, types, operand_string)) return 0; if (i.operands < MAX_OPERANDS) { this_operand = i.operands++; i.types[this_operand].bitfield.unspecified = 1; } if (suffix == LONG_DOUBLE_MNEM_SUFFIX) i.suffix = 0; intel_state.seg = NULL; intel_state.is_mem = 0; } break; default: i.types[this_operand].bitfield.jumpabsolute = 1; break; } if (i.types[this_operand].bitfield.jumpabsolute) intel_state.is_mem |= 1; } else if (intel_state.seg) intel_state.is_mem |= 1; if (i.op[this_operand].regs) { i386_operand_type temp; /* Register operand. */ if (intel_state.base || intel_state.index || intel_state.seg) { as_bad (_("invalid operand")); return 0; } temp = i.op[this_operand].regs->reg_type; temp.bitfield.baseindex = 0; i.types[this_operand] = operand_type_or (i.types[this_operand], temp); i.types[this_operand].bitfield.unspecified = 0; ++i.reg_operands; } else if (intel_state.base || intel_state.index || intel_state.seg || intel_state.is_mem) { /* Memory operand. */ if (i.mem_operands >= 2 - !current_templates->start->opcode_modifier.isstring) { as_bad (_("too many memory references for `%s'"), current_templates->start->name); return 0; } expP = &disp_expressions[i.disp_operands]; memcpy (expP, &exp, sizeof(exp)); resolve_expression (expP); if (expP->X_op != O_constant || expP->X_add_number || (!intel_state.base && !intel_state.index)) { i.op[this_operand].disps = expP; i.disp_operands++; if (flag_code == CODE_64BIT) { i.types[this_operand].bitfield.disp32 = 1; if (!i.prefix[ADDR_PREFIX]) { i.types[this_operand].bitfield.disp64 = 1; i.types[this_operand].bitfield.disp32s = 1; } } else if (!i.prefix[ADDR_PREFIX] ^ (flag_code == CODE_16BIT)) i.types[this_operand].bitfield.disp32 = 1; else i.types[this_operand].bitfield.disp16 = 1; #if defined (OBJ_AOUT) || defined (OBJ_MAYBE_AOUT) /* * exp_seg is used only for verification in * i386_finalize_displacement, and we can end up seeing reg_section * here - but we know we removed all registers from the expression * (or error-ed on any remaining ones) in i386_intel_simplify. I * consider the check in i386_finalize_displacement bogus anyway, in * particular because it doesn't allow for expr_section, so I'd * rather see that check (and the similar one in * i386_finalize_immediate) use SEG_NORMAL(), but not being an a.out * expert I can't really say whether that would have other bad side * effects. */ if (OUTPUT_FLAVOR == bfd_target_aout_flavour && exp_seg == reg_section) exp_seg = expP->X_op != O_constant ? undefined_section : absolute_section; #endif if (!i386_finalize_displacement (exp_seg, expP, intel_state.reloc_types, operand_string)) return 0; } if (intel_state.base || intel_state.index) i.types[this_operand].bitfield.baseindex = 1; if (intel_state.seg) { for (;;) { expP = symbol_get_value_expression (intel_state.seg); if (expP->X_op != O_full_ptr) break; intel_state.seg = expP->X_add_symbol; } if (expP->X_op != O_register) { as_bad (_("segment register name expected")); return 0; } if (!i386_regtab[expP->X_add_number].reg_type.bitfield.sreg2 && !i386_regtab[expP->X_add_number].reg_type.bitfield.sreg3) { as_bad (_("invalid use of register")); return 0; } switch (i386_regtab[expP->X_add_number].reg_num) { case 0: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = &es; break; case 1: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = &cs; break; case 2: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = &ss; break; case 3: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = &ds; break; case 4: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = &fs; break; case 5: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = &gs; break; case RegFlat: i.seg[i.mem_operands] = NULL; break; } } /* Swap base and index in 16-bit memory operands like [si+bx]. Since i386_index_check is also used in AT&T mode we have to do that here. */ if (intel_state.base && intel_state.index && intel_state.base->reg_type.bitfield.reg16 && intel_state.index->reg_type.bitfield.reg16 && intel_state.base->reg_num >= 6 && intel_state.index->reg_num < 6) { i.base_reg = intel_state.index; i.index_reg = intel_state.base; } else { i.base_reg = intel_state.base; i.index_reg = intel_state.index; } if (!i386_index_check (operand_string)) return 0; i.types[this_operand].bitfield.mem = 1; ++i.mem_operands; } else { /* Immediate. */ if (i.imm_operands >= MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS) { as_bad (_("at most %d immediate operands are allowed"), MAX_IMMEDIATE_OPERANDS); return 0; } expP = &im_expressions[i.imm_operands++]; i.op[this_operand].imms = expP; *expP = exp; return i386_finalize_immediate (exp_seg, expP, intel_state.reloc_types, operand_string); } return 1; }