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<appendix id="appendix-target-setup">
<title>Target Setup</title>

<para>
The following sections detail the setup of many of the targets
supported by eCos. 
</para>

<caution>
<para>
This information is presented here only temporarily. It is intended
that there will be separate documents detailing this information for
each target in future releases. Consequently not much effort has been
put into bringing the following documentation up to date -- much of it
is obsolete, bogus or just plain wrong.
</para>
</caution>

<!--
<para>
XXXXX Exactly which of these are really supported in 2.0. Can we
delete some of them. I'm reluctant to waste much time fixing up text
that is going to be largely rewritten anyway.
XXXXX
</para>
-->

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-mn10300-stdeval1">
<TITLE>MN10300 stdeval1 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with a pair
of EPROMs which provide GDB support for the Matsushita MN10300 (AM31)
series evaluation board using CygMon, the Cygnus ROM monitor. Images
of these EPROMs are also provided at <filename>BASE_DIR/loaders/mn10300-stdeval1/cygmon.bin</filename>.
The LSB EPROM (LROM) is installed to socket IC8 on the board and
the MSB EPROM (UROM) is installed to socket IC9. Attention should
be paid to the correct orientation of these EPROMs during installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The CygMon stubs allows communication with GDB by way of the
serial port at connector CN2. The communication parameters are fixed
at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit, and 1 stop bit (8-N-1).
No flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer should
be made using a standard RS232C serial cable (not a null modem cable).
A gender changer may also be required.</PARA>
</SECT1>

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-mn10300-sim">
<TITLE>MN10300 Architectural Simulator Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The MN10300 simulator is an architectural simulator for the
Matsushita MN10300 that implements all features of the microprocessor
 necessary to run eCos. The current implementation provides accurate
simulation of the instruction set, interrupt controller, timers,
and  serial I/O.</PARA>
<PARA>In this release, you can run the same eCos binaries in the
simulator that can run on target hardware, if built for ROM start-up,
with the  exception of those that use the watchdog timer.</PARA>
<PARA>However, note that AM33 devices required to run eCos are not
simulated; therefore you cannot run eCos binaries built for the
AM33 under the simulator. For the AM33, the simulator is effectively
an instruction-set only simulator.</PARA>
<PARA>To simplify connection to the simulator, you are advised to
create a GDB macro by putting the following code in your personal
GDB start-up file (gdb.ini on Windows and .gdbinit on UNIX).</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>define msim   
 target sim --board=stdeval1 --memory-region 0x34004000,0x8
  
 rbreak cyg_test_exit   
 rbreak cyg_assert_fail  
end</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can then connect to the simulator by invoking the command <PROGRAMLISTING>msim</PROGRAMLISTING> on
the command line:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) msim</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can achieve the same effect by typing out the macro&rsquo;s
content on  the command line if necessary.</PARA>
</SECT1>

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-am33-stb">
<TITLE>AM33 STB Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The Matsushita AM33 STB System Reference Board may be used
in two modes: via a JTAG debugger, or by means of a GDB stub ROM.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Use with GDB Stub ROM</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with a ROM
image which provides GDB support for
the Matsushita(R) AM33 STB System Reference Board. To install the
GDB stub ROM requires the use of the JTAG debugger and the Flash ROM
programming code available from Matsushita. An image of this ROM
is also provided at <filename>loaders/am33-stb/gdbload.bin</filename> under
the root of your eCos installation.</PARA>
<PARA>Ensure that there is a Flash ROM card in MAIN MEMORY SLOT &lt;0&#62;.
Follow the directions for programming a Flash ROM supplied with
the programming software.</PARA>
<PARA>The final programming of the ROM will need to be done with
a command similar to the following:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>fdown "gdbload.bin",0x80000000,16,1</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Once the ROM has been programmed, close down the JTAG debugger,
turn the STB off, and disconnect the JTAG cable. Ensure that the
hardware switches are in the following configuration:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>U U D D D U D D

D = lower part of rocker switch pushed in
U = upper part of rocker switch pushed in</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>This is also the configuration required by the Flash programming
code, so it should not be necessary to change these.</PARA>
<PARA>Restart the STB and the stub ROM will now be able to communicate
with <PRODUCTNAME>GDB</PRODUCTNAME>. eCos programs should be built
with RAM startup.</PARA>
<PARA>Programs can then be downloaded via a standard RS232 null
modem serial cable connected to the SERIAL1 connector on the STB
front panel (the AM33&quot;s serial port 0). This line is programmed
to run at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity and 1 stop bit (8-N-1)
with no flow control. A gender changer may also be required. Diagnostic
output will be output to GDB using the same connection.</PARA>
<PARA>This procedure also applies for programming ROM startup eCos
programs into ROM, given a binary format image of the program from<PROGRAMLISTING> mn10300-elf-objcopy.</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Use with the JTAG debugger</TITLE>
<PARA>To use eCos from the JTAG debugger, executables must be built
with ROM startup and then downloaded via the JTAG debugger. For
this to work there must be an SDRAM memory card in SUB MEMORY SLOT &lt;0&#62; and
the hardware switches on the front panel set to the following: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>D U D D D U D D

D = lower part of rocker switch pushed in
U = upper part of rocker switch pushed in</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Connect the JTAG unit and run the debugger as described in
the documentation that comes with it.</PARA>
<PARA>eCos executables should be renamed to have a &ldquo;.out&rdquo; extension
and may then be loaded using the debugger&quot;s &ldquo;l&rdquo; or &ldquo;lp&rdquo; commands.</PARA>
<PARA>Diagnostic output generated by the program will be sent out
of the AM33&quot;s serial port 0 which is connected to the SERIAL1
connector on the STB front panel. This line is programmed to run
at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, and one stop bit (8-N-1)
with no flow control. Connection to the host computer should be
using a standard RS232 null modem serial cable. A gender changer
may also be required.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB stub ROM image</TITLE>
<PARA>eCos comes with a pre-built GDB stub ROM image for the AM33-STB
platform. This can be found at <filename>loaders/am33-stb/gdbload.bin</filename> relative
to the eCos installation directory.</PARA>
<PARA>If necessary, the ROM image can be re-built as follows:</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>          On Windows hosts, open a Bash session using 
<EMPHASIS>Start-&#62;Programs-&#62;Red Hat eCos-&#62;eCos
Development Environment</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Create a build directory and cd into it</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Run (all as one line):

<PROGRAMLISTING>cygtclsh80 BASE_DIR/packages/pkgconf.tcl                          \
  --target=mn10300_am33 --platform stb --startup rom              \
  --disable-kernel --disable-uitron --disable-libc --disable-libm \
  --disable-io --disable-io_serial --disable-wallclock
--disable-watchdog</PROGRAMLISTING>
            </PARA>
<PARA>where BASE_DIR is the path to the eCos installation
directory.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Edit the configuration file 
<filename>pkgconf/hal.h</filename>
 in the build directory tree by ensuring the following configuration
options are set as follows:

<PROGRAMLISTING>#define CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_INCLUDE_STUBS
#define CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_BREAK_SUPPORT
#undef  CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_CTRLC_SUPPORT
#define CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_THREAD_SUPPORT
#define CYG_HAL_ROM_MONITOR</PROGRAMLISTING>
            </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Run: make</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Run: make -C hal/common/current/current/src/stubrom</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The file 
<filename>hal/common/current/src/stubrom</filename>
 will be an ELF format executable of the ROM image. Use mn10300-elf-objcopy to
convert this to the appropriate format for loading into the Matsushita
FLASH ROM programmer, mode &ldquo;binary&rdquo; in this case: 

<PROGRAMLISTING>$ mn10300-elf-objcopy -O binary hal/common/current/src/stubrom/ \
  stubrom stubrom.img</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-tx39-jmr3904">
<TITLE>TX39 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with a pair
of ROMs that provide GDB support for
the Toshiba JMR-TX3904 RISC processor reference board by way of CygMon. </PARA>
<PARA>Images of these ROMs are also provided at <filename>BASE_DIR/loaders/tx39-jmr3904/cygmon50.bin</filename> and <filename>BASE_DIR/loaders/tx39-jmr3904/cygmon66.bin</filename> for
50 MHz and 66 MHz boards respectively. The ROMs are installed to
sockets IC6 and IC7 on the memory daughterboard according to their
labels. Attention should be paid to the correct orientation of these
ROMs during installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub allows communication with GDB using the serial
port (channel C) at connector PJ1. The communication parameters
are fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit, and 1 stop
bit (8-N-1). No handshaking is employed. Connection to the host
computer should be made using an RS232C null modem cable.</PARA>
<PARA>CygMon and eCos currently provide support for a 16Mbyte 60ns
72pin DRAM SIMM fitted to the PJ21 connector. Different size DRAMs
may require changes in the value stored in the DCCR0 register. This
value may be found near line 211 in <filename>hal/mips/arch/<replaceable>&Version;</replaceable>/src/vectors.S</filename>
in eCos, and near line 99 in
          <filename>libstub/mips/tx39jmr/tx39jmr-power.S</filename> in
CygMon. eCos does not currently use the DRAM for any purpose itself,
so it is entirely available for application use.</PARA>
</SECT1>

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-tx39-sim">
<TITLE>TX39 Architectural Simulator Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The TX39 simulator is an architectural simulator which implements
all  the features of the Toshiba TX39 needed to run eCos. The current
implementation provides accurate simulation of the instruction set,
 interrupt controller, and timers, as well as having generic support
for diagnostic output, serial I/O, and exceptions.</PARA>
<PARA>In this release, you can run the same eCos binaries in the
simulator that can run on target hardware, if it is built for ROM
start-up.</PARA>
<PARA>To simplify connection to the simulator, you are advised to
create a GDB macro by putting the following code in your personal
GDB start-up file (gdb.ini on Windows and .gdbinit on UNIX).</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>define tsim   
 target sim --board=jmr3904pal --memory-region 0xffff8000,0x900 \ 
            --memory-region 0xffffe000,0x4 \          
            --memory-region 0xb2100000,0x4   
 rbreak cyg_test_exit
 rbreak cyg_assert_fail
end</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can then connect to the simulator by invoking the command <command>tsim</command> on
the command line:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) tsim</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can achieve the same effect by typing out the macro&rsquo;s
content on the command line if necessary.</PARA>
</SECT1>

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-tx49-ref4955">
<TITLE>TX49 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos installation CD contains a copy of the eCos GDB stubs
in  SREC format which must be programmed into the board&rsquo;s
FLASH memory.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Preparing the GDB stubs</TITLE>
<PARA>These stub preparation steps are not strictly necessary as
the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled stubs in the directory <filename>loaders/tx49-ref4955</filename> relative
to the installation root.</PARA>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the GDB stub image with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>            Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the TX49 REF4955 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the stubs package template to build a GDB stub.
Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos stubs using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
images have the prefix gdb_module.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Building the GDB stub image with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>            Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
                  and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new ref4955 stubs </PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
images have the prefix gdb_module.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE> Installing GDB stubs into FLASH</TITLE>
<PARA>Boot into the board&rsquo;s firmware in little-endian mode:</PARA>
<PARA>Set the switches like this:   </PARA>
<PARA>SW1: 10000000 (first lever up, the rest down)   
SW2: 10000010</PARA>
<PARA>Connect serial cable on the lower connector, configure terminal
emulator for 38400, 8-N-1.</PARA>
<PARA>When booting the board, you should get this prompt:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>HCP5 rev 0.9B .    
HCP5?</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Select o (option), a (FLASH) and b (boot write). You should
see this:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>Boot ROM Write   
ROM address-ffffffffbd000000, Boot Bus-[32bit]  
ID2 0 4 ffffffffa002ad40  
zzz SS-40000 IV-1 CS-20000 CC-2   
Flash ROM-[28F640J5], [16bit chip] * 2 * 1
Block size-00040000  count-64  
ROM adr ffffffffbd000000-ffffffffbe000000  mask-00fc0000
Send Srecord file sa=00000000 size=ffffffffffffffff
ra=fffffffffe000000
          </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Now send the stub SREC data down to the board using the terminal
 emulator&rsquo;s &lsquo;send ASCII&rsquo; (or similar)
functionality. </PARA>
<PARA>Red Hat has experienced some sensitivity to how fast the data
is written to the board. Under Windows you should configure Minicom
to use a line delay of 100 milliseconds. Under Linux, use the slow_cat.tcl
 script:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>% cd BASE_DIR/packages/hal/mips/ref4955/<replaceable>&Version;</replaceable>/misc
% slow_cat.tcl &lt; [path]/gdb_module.srec &#62; /dev/ttyS0</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Power off the board, and change it to boot the GDB stubs in
big-endian mode by setting the switches like this:</PARA>
<PARA>SW1: 00000000 (all levers down)   
SW2: 10001010</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stubs allow communication with GDB using the serial
port at connector PJ7A (lower connector). The communication parameters
are  fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop
bit  (8-N-1). No flow control is employed. Connection to the host
computer should be made using a straight through serial cable.</PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>

<!-- ==================================================== -->

<SECT1 id="setup-vr4300-vrc4373">
<TITLE>VR4300 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with an EPROM
which provides GDB support for the NEC
VRC4373 evaluation board. An image of this EPROM is also provided
at <filename>loaders/vr4300-vrc4373/gdbload.bin</filename> under
the root of your eCos installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The EPROM is installed to socket U12 on the board. Attention
should be paid to the correct orientation of the EPROM during installation.
Only replace the board&quot;s existing ROM using a proper PLCC
extraction tool, as the socket would otherwise risk getting damaged. </PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub in the EPROM allows communication with GDB using
the serial port at connector J1. The communication parameters are
fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit (8-N-1).
No flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer should
be made using a straight-through serial cable. </PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-vr4300-vrc4375">
<TITLE>VRC4375 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>For information about setting up the VRC4375 to run with RedBoot,
consult the RedBoot User&quot;s Guide. If using serial debugging,
the serial line runs at 38400 baud 8-N-1 and should be connected
to the debug host using the cable supplied with the board.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-mips-atlasmalta">
<TITLE>Atlas/Malta Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>For information about setting up the Atlas and Malta boards to
run with RedBoot, consult the RedBoot User&quot;s Guide.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-ppc-cogent">
<TITLE>PowerPC Cogent Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with an EPROM
which provides GDB support for the Cogent
evaluation board. An image of this EPROM is also provided at
          <filename>loaders/powerpc-cogent/gdbload.bin</filename> under
the root of your eCos installation. The same EPROM and image can
be used on all three supported daughterboards: CMA287-23 (MPC823),
CMA287-50 (MPC850), and CMA286-60 (MPC860).</PARA>
<PARA>The EPROM is installed to socket U4 on the board. Attention
should be paid to the correct orientation of the EPROM during installation. </PARA>
<PARA>If you are going to burn a new EPROM using the binary image,
be careful to get the byte order correct. It needs to be big-endian.
If the EPROM burner software has a hex-editor, check that the first
few bytes of the image look like: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>00000000: 3c60 fff0 6063 2000 7c68 03a6 4e80 0020 &lt;&grave;..&grave;c.|h..N.. </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>If the byte order is wrong you will see 603c instead of 3c60
etc. Use the EPROM burner software to make a byte-swap before you
burn to image to the EPROM. </PARA>
<PARA>If the GDB stub EPROM you burn does not work, try reversing
the byte-order, even if you think you have it the right way around.
At least one DOS-based EPROM burner program is known to have the
byte-order upside down.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub in the EPROM allows communication with GDB using
the serial port at connector P12 (CMA101) or P3 (CMA102). The communication parameters
are fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit
(8-N-1). No flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer
should be made using a dedicated serial cable as specified in the
Cogent CMA manual.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into ROM</TITLE>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Preparing the Binaries</TITLE>
<PARA>These two binary preparation steps are not strictly necessary
as the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled binaries in the
directory <filename>loaders/powerpc-cogent</filename> relative to the installation
root.</PARA>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the PowerPC    CMA28x hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the &ldquo;stubs&rdquo; package template
to build a GDB stub. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the  prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command: 
  
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new cma28x stubs </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands: 

<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING>
 </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Installing the Stubs into ROM or FLASH</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Program the binary image file gdb_module.bin
into ROM or FLASH referring to the instructions of your ROM programmer.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Plug the ROM/FLASH into socket U4 as described
at the beginning of this <EMPHASIS>Hardware Setup</EMPHASIS> section.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-ppc-mbx860">
<TITLE>PowerPC MBX860 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with an EPROM
which provides GDB support for the Motorola
PowerPC MBX860 evaluation board. An image of this EPROM is also
provided at <filename>loaders/powerpc-mbx/gdbload.bin</filename> under
the root of your eCos installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The EPROM is installed to socket XU1 on the board. Attention
should be paid to the correct orientation of the EPROM during installation.
Only replace the board&quot;s existing ROM using a proper PLCC
extraction tool, as the socket would otherwise risk getting damaged.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub in the EPROM allows communication with GDB using
the serial port at connector SMC1/COM1. The communication
parameters are fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and
1 stop bit (8-N-1). No flow control is employed. Connection to the
host computer should be made using a suitable serial cable.</PARA>
<PARA>In order to make the board execute the EPROM that you just
installed (rather than the on-board FLASH memory), it may be necessary
move some links on the board. Specifically, ensure that link J4
is in position 1-2. If in doubt, refer to the MBX documentation
from Motorola, ensuring that Boot Port Size=8 Bits/ROM
for BOOT (CS#7), in their terminology.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into FLASH</TITLE>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Preparing the Binaries</TITLE>
<PARA>These two binary preparation steps are not strictly necessary
as the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled binaries in the
directory <filename>loaders/powerpc-mbx</filename> relative to the installation
root.</PARA>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the PowerPC    Motorola MBX860/821
hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the &ldquo;stubs&rdquo; package template
to build a GDB stub. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>. </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command: 
  
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new mbx stubs </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands: 
    
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Installing the Stubs into ROM</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Program the binary image file gdb_module.bin
into ROM or FLASH referring to the instructions of your ROM programmer.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Plug the ROM/FLASH into socket XU1 as described
near the beginning of this <EMPHASIS>Hardware Setup</EMPHASIS> section.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into FLASH</TITLE>
<PARA>This assumes you have EPPC-Bug in the on-board FLASH. This
can be determined by setting up the board according to the below
instructions and powering up the board. The EPPC-Bug prompt should
appear on the SMC1 connector at 9600 baud, 8N1.</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Set jumper 3 to 2-3     [allow XU2 FLASH to
be programmed]</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Set jumper 4 to 2-3     [boot EPPC-Bug]</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
<SECT4>
<TITLE> Program FLASH</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Prepare EPPC-Bug for download:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>EPPC-Bug&#62;lo 0</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>At this point the monitor is ready for input. It will not return
the prompt until the file has been downloaded.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Use the terminal emulator&rsquo;s ASCII download feature
(or a simple clipboard     copy/paste operation) to download
the gdb_module.srec data.

Note that on Linux, Minicom&rsquo;s ASCII download feature seems
to be broken. A workaround is to load the file into Emacs (or another
editor) and copy the full contents to the clipboard. Then press
the mouse paste-button (usually the middle one) over the Minicom
window.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Program the FLASH with the downloaded data:
    
<PROGRAMLISTING>EPPC-Bug&#62;pflash 40000 60000 fc000000</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Switch off the power, and change jumper 4 to 1-2. Turn
on the power again. The board should now boot using the newly programmed
stubs.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-ppc-sim">
<TITLE>PowerPC Architectural Simulator Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The PowerPC simulator is an architectural simulator which
implements all the features of the PowerPC needed to run eCos. The
current implementation provides accurate simulation of the instruction
set and timers, as well as having generic support for diagnostic
output  and exceptions.</PARA>
<PARA>The simulator also allows devices to be simulated, but no
device simulation support has been defined for the serial device
drivers in this release.</PARA>
<PARA>To simplify connection to the simulator, you are advised to
create a GDB macro by putting the following code in your personal
GDB start-up file (gdb.ini on Windows and .gdbinit on UNIX).</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>define psim   
 target sim -o &rsquo;/iobus/pal&commat;0xf0001000/reg 0xf0001000 32&rsquo;   
 rbreak cyg_test_exit   
 rbreak cyg_assert_fail  
end</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can then connect to the simulator by invoking the command <command>psim</command> on
the command line:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) psim</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can achieve the same effect by typing out the macro&rsquo;s
content on the command line if necessary.</PARA>
<NOTE>
<PARA>The PowerPC simulator cannot execute binaries built for any
of the supported hardware targets. You must generate a configuration
using the PowerPC simulator platform: 
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new psim</PROGRAMLISTING>
 or some such.</PARA>
</NOTE>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sparclite-sleb">
<TITLE>SPARClite Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with a ROM
which provides GDB support for the Fujitsu SPARClite Evaluation
Board by way of CygMon<PRODUCTNAME>. </PRODUCTNAME></PARA>
<PARA>An image of this ROM is also provided at
          <filename>BASE_DIR/loaders/sparclite-sleb/cygmon.bin.</filename> The
ROM is installed in socket IC9 on the evaluation board. Attention
should be paid to the correct orientation of the ROM during installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub allows communication with GDB using a TCP channel
via the ethernet port at connector J5.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE><!-- <index></index> --><!-- <xref> -->Ethernet Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The ethernet setup is described in the board&rsquo;s manual,
but here is a recapitulation.</PARA>
<PARA>Set the board&rsquo;s ethernet address using SW1 on the
motherboard:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>            SW1-4 SW1-3 SW1-2 SW1-1    Ethernet Address
            ----- ----- ----- -----    ----------------
            OFF   OFF   OFF   OFF     No ethernet, use serial
            OFF   OFF   OFF    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:01
            OFF   OFF    ON   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:02
            OFF   OFF    ON    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:03
            OFF    ON   OFF   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:04
            OFF    ON   OFF    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:05
            OFF    ON    ON   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:06
            OFF    ON    ON    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:07
            ON    OFF   OFF   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:08
            ON    OFF   OFF    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:09
            ON    OFF    ON   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:0A
            ON    OFF    ON    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:0B
            ON     ON   OFF   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:0C
            ON     ON   OFF    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:0D
            ON     ON    ON   OFF     00:00:0E:31:00:0E
            ON     ON    ON    ON     00:00:0E:31:00:0F</PROGRAMLISTING>
<SECT3><!-- <index></index> -->
<TITLE>BOOTP/DHCP service on Linux</TITLE>
<PARA>Configure the BOOTP or DHCP server on the network to recognize
the evaluation board&rsquo;s ethernet address so it can assign
the board an IP address. Below is a sample DHCP server configuration
from a Linux system (<filename>/etc/dhcpd.conf</filename>).
It shows a setup for three evaluation boards.</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>#
# DHCP server configuration.
#
allow bootp;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  host mb831evb {
    hardware ethernet 00:00:0e:31:00:01;
    fixed-address mb831evb;
  }
  host mb832evb {
    hardware ethernet 00:00:0e:31:00:02;
    fixed-address mb832evb;
  }
  host mb833evb {
    hardware ethernet 00:00:0e:31:00:03;
    fixed-address mb833evb;
  }
} </PROGRAMLISTING>
</SECT3>
<SECT3><!-- <index></index> -->
<TITLE>BOOTP/DHCP boot process</TITLE>
<PARA>Even when configured to use a TCP channel, CygMon will still
print a boot message to the serial channel. If the BOOTP process
was successful and an IP address was found, a message &ldquo;BOOTP
found xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx&rdquo; will be printed where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
is the IP address assigned by the BOOTP or DHCP server. If the BOOTP
process fails, a message indicating failure will be printed and
the serial port will be used as the debug channel.</PARA>
<PARA>Once the board finds an IP address it will respond to ICMP
echo request packets (ping). This gives a simple means to test the
health of the board.</PARA>
<PARA>As described in &ldquo;Ethernet Setup&rdquo; on&nbsp;page&nbsp;72,
it should now be possible to connect to the SPARClite board from
within GDB by using the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) target remote &lt;host&#62;:1000</PROGRAMLISTING>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Serial Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The CygMon stubs also allow communication with GDB by way
of the serial port at connector CON1. The communication parameters
are fixed at 19200 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit
(8-N-1). No flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer
should be made using a null modem cable. A gender changer may also
be required.</PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sparclite-sim">
<TITLE>SPARClite Architectural Simulator Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The ESA SPARClite simulator is an architectural simulator
which implements all the features of the SPARClite needed to run
eCos. The current implementation provides accurate simulation of
the instruction set, interrupt controller, and timers, as well as
having generic support for diagnostic output and exceptions.</PARA>
<PARA>Note that the ESA SPARClite simulator is unsupported, but
is included in the release as a convenience.</PARA>
<PARA>To simplify connection to the simulator, you are advised to
create a GDB macro by putting the following code in your personal
GDB start-up file (gdb.ini on Windows and .gdbinit on UNIX).</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>define ssim   
 target sim -nfp -sparclite -dumbio   
 rbreak cyg_test_exit   
 rbreak cyg_assert_fail  
end</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can then connect to the simulator by invoking the command <command>ssim</command> on
the command line:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) ssim</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You can achieve the same effect by typing out the macro&rsquo;s
content on the command line if necessary.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 ID="setup-arm-pid">
<TITLE><!-- <index></index> --><!-- <xref> -->ARM PID Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>eCos comes with two ROM images that provide GDB support for
the ARM PID board. The first ROM image provides a port of the CygMon
ROM monitor, which includes a command-line interface and a GDB remote
stub. The second ROM image provides a remote GDB stub only, which
is a minimal environment for downloading and debugging eCos programs
solely using GDB.</PARA>
<PARA>eCos, CygMon and the GDB stubs all support the PID fitted
with both ARM7T and ARM9 daughterboards. CygMon and the stubs can
be programmed into either the programmable ROM (U12) or the FLASH
(U13). Pre-built forms of both ROM images are provided in the directory
loaders/arm-pid under the root of your eCos installation,
along with a tool that will program the stubs into the FLASH memory on
the board. CygMon images are prefixed with the name 'cygmon' and
GDB stub ROM images are given the prefix 'gdb_module'.
Images may be provided in a number of formats including ELF (.img
extension), binary (.bin extension) and SREC (.srec extension).
Note that some unreliability has been experienced in downloading
files using Angel 1.00. Angel 1.02 appears to be more robust in
this application.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into FLASH</TITLE>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Preparing the Binaries</TITLE>
<PARA>These two binary preparation steps are not strictly necessary
as the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled binaries in the
directory loaders/arm-pid relative to the installation
root.</PARA>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File</EMPHASIS>-&#62;<EMPHASIS>New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the ARM PID hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select either the "stubs" package template to build
a GDB stub image, or the "cygmon" template to build the CygMon ROM
Monitor. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Library</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module". CygMon images
have the prefix "cygmon".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<!-- <PARA>(See <XREF LINKEND="USING-ECOSCONFIG-ON-UNIX">)</PARA> -->
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>              Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new pid stubs</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>or to build a CygMon ROM monitor image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new pid cygmon</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module". CygMon images
have the prefix "cygmon".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the FLASH Tool with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File</EMPHASIS>-&#62;<EMPHASIS>New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>-&#62;<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the ARM PID hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enable the "Build flash programming tool" option in the
ARM PID HAL (CYGBLD_BUILD_FLASH_TOOL)
and resolve any resulting configuration conflicts.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Library</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the FLASH tool image file can
be found in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree,
with the prefix "prog_flash"</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the FLASH Tool with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<!-- <PARA>(See <XREF LINKEND="USING-ECOSCONFIG-ON-UNIX">)</PARA> -->
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>              Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it
                    </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new pid</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Edit the file ecos.ecc and enable the option CYGBLD_BUILD_FLASH_TOOL
by uncommenting its user_value property and setting it
to 1.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig resolve</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>[there will be some output]</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the FLASH tool image file can
be found in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree,
with the prefix "prog_flash"</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Prepare the Board for FLASH Programming</TITLE>
<PARA>Each time a new image is to be programmed in the FLASH, the
jumpers on the board must be set to allow Angel to run:</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>              Set jumper 7-8 on LK6   [using the Angel code
in the 16 bit EPROM]</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Set jumper 5-6 on LK6   [select 8bit ROM mode]</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Set jumper LK18         [ROM remap - this is
also required for eCos]</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Set S1 to 0-0-1-1       [20MHz operation]</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Open jumper LK4  [enable little-endian operation]

Attach a serial cable from Serial A on the PID board to connector
1 on the development system. This is the cable through which the
binaries will be downloaded. Attach a serial cable from Serial B
on the PID board to connector 2 on the development system (or any
system that will work as a terminal). Through this cable, the FLASH
tool will write its instructions (at 38400 baud).</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Program the FLASH</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Download the FLASH ROM image onto the PID board. For
example. for the GDB stubs image:

<PROGRAMLISTING>bash$ arm-elf-gdb -nw gdb_module.img
GNU gdb 4.18-DEVTOOLSVERSION
Copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License,
and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute copies
of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "--host=i586-pc-cygwin32 --target=arm-elf".
(no debugging symbols found)...
(gdb) target rdi s=com1
Angel Debug Monitor for PID (Built with Serial(x1), Parallel, DCC) 1.00
(Advanced RISC Machines SDT 2.10)
Angel Debug Monitor rebuilt on Jan 20 1997 at 02:33:43
Connected to ARM RDI target.
(gdb) load
Loading section .rom_vectors, size 0x44 lma 0x60000
Loading section .text, size 0x1f3c lma 0x60044
Loading section .rodata, size 0x2c lma 0x61f80
Loading section .data, size 0x124 lma 0x61fac
Start address 0x60044 , load size 8400
Transfer rate: 5169 bits/sec.
(gdb) q 
The program is running.  Exit anyway? (y or n) y </PROGRAMLISTING>

<NOTE>
<PARA> On a UNIX or Linux system, the serial port must be
 /dev/ttyS0 instead of COM1.
 You need to make sure that the /dev/ttyS0 files
have the right permissions:
<SCREEN>$ su
 Password:
 # chmod o+rw /dev/ttyS0*
 # exit 
                      </SCREEN>
If you are programming the GDB stub image, it will now be located
at 0x60000..0x64000. If you are programming the Cygmon ROM Monitor,
it will be located at 0x60000..0x80000.</PARA>
</NOTE></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Now download the FLASH programmer tool</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>bash$ arm-elf-gdb prog_flash.img 
GNU gdb 4.18-DEVTOOLSVERSION
Copyright 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License,
and you are welcome to change it and/or distribute
copies of it under certain conditions. Type "show copying" to see
the conditions. There is absolutely no warranty for GDB.  Type "show
warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "--host=i586-pc-cygwin32 --target=arm-elf".
(gdb) target rdi s=com1
Angel Debug Monitor for PID (Built with Serial(x1), Parallel, DCC) 1.00
(Advanced RISC Machines SDT 2.10)
Angel Debug Monitor rebuilt on Jan 20 1997 at 02:33:43
Connected to ARM RDI target.
(gdb) load
Loading section .rom_vectors, size 0x44 lma 0x40000
Loading section .text, size 0x44a4 lma 0x40044
Loading section .rodata, size 0x318 lma 0x444e8
Loading section .data, size 0x1c8 lma 0x44800
Start address 0x40044 , load size 18888
Transfer rate: 5596 bits/sec.
(gdb) c</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The FLASH tool will output some text on the board serial
port B at 38400 baud:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>ARM
eCos

FLASH here!
manuf: 8, device: 40
Error: Wrong Manufaturer: 08
... Please change FLASH jumper</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>This text is repeated until you remove the jumper 7-8
on LK6. Then the output will be:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>manuf: 1F, device: A4
AT29C040A recognised
About to program FLASH using data at 60000..64000
*** Press RESET now to abort!</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> You have about 10 seconds to abort the operation by pressing
reset. After this timeout, the FLASH programming happens:</PARA>
<SCREEN>...Programming FLASH 
All done!</SCREEN>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Quit/kill the GDB process, which will hang.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Next time you reset the board, the stub will be in control,
communicating on Serial A at 38400 baud.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
<NOTE>
<PARA>If you do not have two serial ports available on your host
computer, you may still verify the FLASH programming completed successfully
by quitting/killing the GDB process after running "c" in
step 2 above. Then switch the serial cable on the PID from Serial
A to Serial B and run a terminal emulator on the host computer.
In a few seconds you should see the the repeated text described
in step 2 above and you may continue the remaining steps as normal.</PARA>
</NOTE>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Programming the FLASH for big-endian mode</TITLE>
<PARA>The process is almost identical to the previous instructions
which apply to a PID board running in little-endian mode only.</PARA>
<PARA>The only adjustments to make are that if programming a <EMPHASIS>GDB</EMPHASIS> stub
ROM image (or CygMon ROM monitor image), you must enable the option "Use
Big-endian mode" in the <EMPHASIS>eCos Configuration Tool</EMPHASIS> (CYGHWR_HAL_ARM_BIGENDIAN
if using ecosconfig and editing ecos.ecc).</PARA>
<PARA>When programming the FLASH there are two options:</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Program FLASH using the little-endian FLASH tool. After
powering off, replace the ROM controller with the special big-endian
version which can be acquired from ARM. (This has not been tested
by Red Hat).</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Use a special big-endian version of the FLASH tool which
byte-swaps all the words as they are written to the FLASH.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
<PARA>Build this tool by enabling the "Build flash programming tool
for BE images on LE boards" option (CYGBLD_BUILD_FLASH_TOOL_BE),
resulting in a utility with the prefix "prog_flash_BE_image_LE_system"
which should be used instead of "prog_flash".</PARA>
<PARA>Note that there is a limitation to this method: no sub-word
data can be read from the ROM. To work around this, the .rodata
section is folded into the .data section and thus copied to RAM
before the system starts.</PARA>
<PARA>Given that Thumb instructions are 16 bit, it is not possible
to run ROM-startup Thumb binaries on the PID board using this method.</PARA>
<PARA>When the image has been programmed, power off the board, and
set jumper LK4 to enable big-endian operation.</PARA>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into ROM</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Program the binary image file gdb_module.bin
into ROM referring to the instructions of your ROM programmer.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Plug the ROM into socket U12 and install jumper LK6 pins
7-8 to enable the ROM.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-aeb1">
<TITLE><!-- <index></index> -->ARM AEB-1 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Overview</TITLE>
<PARA>The ARM AEB-1 comes with tools in ROM. These include a simple
FLASH management tool and the Angel&reg; monitor. eCos for
the ARM AEB-1 comes with GDB stubs suitable for programming into
the onboard FLASH. GDB is the preferred debug environment for GDB,
and while Angel provides a subset of the features in the eCos GDB
stub, Angel is unsupported.</PARA>
<PARA>Both eCos and the stubs support both Revision B and Revision
C of the AEB-1 board. Stub ROM images for both types of board can
be found in the loaders/arm-aeb directory under the root
of your eCos installation. You can select which board you are using
by selecting either the aeb or aebC platform by selecting the appropriate
platform HAL in the <EMPHASIS>eCos Configuration Tool</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub can be downloaded to the board for programming
in the FLASH using the board's on-board ROM monitor:</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>talk to the AEB-1 board with a terminal emulator (or
a real terminal!)</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>use the board's rom menu to download a UU-encoded
version of the GDB stubs which will act as a ROM monitor</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>tell the board to use this new monitor, and then hook
GDB up to it for real debugging</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Talking to the Board</TITLE>
<PARA>Connect a terminal or computer's serial port to the
ARM AEB-1. On a PC with a 9-pin serial port, you can use the cable
shipped by ARM with no modification. </PARA>
<PARA>Set the terminal or terminal emulator to 9600N1 (9600 baud,
no parity, 1 stop bit). </PARA>
<PARA>Reset the board by pressing the little reset button on the
top. You will see the following text: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        ARM Evaluation Board Boot Monitor 0.01 (19 APR 1998)
        Press ENTER within 2 seconds to stop autoboot</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Press ENTER quickly, and you will get the boot prompt: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        Boot:</PROGRAMLISTING>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Downloading the Stubs via the Rom Menu</TITLE>
<PARA>Using the AEB-1 rom menu to download the GDB stubs from the
provided ".UU" file.</PARA>
<NOTE>
<PARA>This is an annotated 'terminal' session
with the AEB-1 monitor:</PARA>
</NOTE>
<PROGRAMLISTING>+Boot: help
Module is BootStrap       1.00 (14 Aug 1998)</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>Help is available on:</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>Help          Modules       ROMModules    UnPlug        PlugIn
Kill          SetEnv        UnSetEnv      PrintEnv      DownLoad
Go            GoS           Boot          PC            FlashWrite
FlashLoad     FlashErase</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>Boot: download c000
Ready to download. Use 'transmit' option on terminal
emulator to download file.</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>... at this point, download the ASCII file "loaders/arm-aeb/
    gdb_module.img.UU". The details of this operation differ
    depending on which terminal emulator is used. It may be
    necessary to enter "^D" (control+D) when the download completes
   to get the monitor to return to command mode. </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>Loaded file gdb_module.img.bin at address
0000c000, size = 19392 </PROGRAMLISTING>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Activating the GDB Stubs</TITLE>
<PARA>Commit the GDB stubs module to FLASH: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        Boot: flashwrite 4018000 C000 8000
    </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Verify that the eCos/"GDB stubs" module is now added
in the list of modules in the board: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        Boot: rommodules
    </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You should see output similar to the following: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        Header   Base     Limit
        04000004 04000000 040034a8 BootStrap       1.00 (14 Aug 1998) 
        04003a74 04003800 04003bc0 Production Test 1.00 (13 Aug 1998) 
        0400e4f4 04004000 0400e60f Angel           1.02 (12 MAY 1998) 
        0401c810 04018000 0401cbc0 eCos              1.3  (27 Jan 2000)
GDB stubs
    </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Now make the eCos/"GDB stubs" module be the default
monitor: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        Boot: plugin eCos
    </PROGRAMLISTING>
<NOTE>
<PARA>Since the GDB stubs are always linked at the same address
(0x4018000), the operation of writing to the FLASH and selecting
the stubs as default monitor is an idempotent operation. You can
download a new set of stubs following the same procedure - you do
not have to unregister or delete anything.</PARA>
</NOTE>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub FLASH ROM Images</TITLE>
<PARA>Pre-built GDB stubs images are provided in the directory loaders/arm-aeb
relative to the root of your eCos installation, but here are instructions
on how to rebuild them if you should ever need to.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stubs with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the ARM AEB-1 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the "stubs" package template to build a GDB
stub image. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>If applicable, set the "AEB board revision" option to
"C" from "B" depending on the board revision being used.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Library.</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. The GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub ROMs with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<!-- <PARA>(See <XREF LINKEND="USING-ECOSCONFIG-ON-UNIX">)</PARA> -->
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new aeb stubs</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>If applicable, edit ecos.ecc and set the AEB board revision. (CYGHWR_HAL_ARM_AEB_REVISION)
from the default "B" to "C" by uncommenting the user_value
property and setting it to "C".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands
 
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. The GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-cma230">
<TITLE><!-- <index></index> -->ARM Cogent CMA230 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer's Kit package comes with an EPROM
which provides GDB support for the Cogent evaluation board. An image
of this EPROM is also provided at loaders/arm-cma230/gdbload.bin
under the root of your eCos installation. </PARA>
<PARA>The EPROM is installed to socket U3 on the board. Attention
should be paid to the correct orientation of the EPROM during installation.</PARA>
<PARA>If you are going to burn a new EPROM using the binary image,
be careful to get the byte order correct. It needs to be little-endian,
which is usually the default in PC based programmer software.</PARA>
<PARA>If the GDB stub EPROM you burn does not work, try reversing
the byte-order, even if you think you have it the right way around.
At least one DOS-based EPROM burner program is known to have the
byte-order upside down.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub in the EPROM allows communication with GDB using
the serial port at connector P12 (CMA101) or P3 (CMA102). The communication parameters
are fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit
(8-N-1).  No flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer
should be made using a dedicated serial cable as specified in the
Cogent CMA manual.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub FLASH ROM images</TITLE>
<PARA>Pre-built GDB stubs images are provided in the directory loaders/arm-cma230 relative
to the root of your eCos installation, but here are instructions
on how to rebuild them if you should ever need to.</PARA>
<PARA>CygMon images are prefixed with the name 'cygmon' and
GDB stub ROM images</PARA>
<PARA>are given the prefix 'gdb_module'.
Images may be provided in a number of formats including ELF (.img
extension), binary (.bin extension) and SREC (.srec extension). </PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stubs with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>1. Start with a new document - selecting the File-&#62;New
menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>-&#62;<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the ARM CMA230 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the "stubs" package template to build a GDB
stub image. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Library</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. The GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub ROMs with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<!-- <PARA>(See <XREF LINKEND="USING-ECOSCONFIG-ON-UNIX">)</PARA> -->
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>1. Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new cma230 stubs</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:
 
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. The GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-ep7211">
<TITLE><!-- <index></index> --><!-- <xref> -->Cirrus Logic ARM EP7211 Development
Board Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>eCos comes with two Flash ROM images that provide GDB support
for the Cirrus Logic EP7211 Development Board (also known as the
EDB7211).. Note that on some board revisions, the board is silk-screened
as EDB7111-2. The first Flash ROM image provides a port of the CygMon
ROM monitor, which includes a command-line interface and a GDB remote
stub. The second Flash ROM image provides a remote GDB stub only.</PARA>
<PARA>Both ROM images are provided in the directory loaders/arm-edb7211
under the root of your eCos installation. CygMon images are prefixed
with the name 'edb7211_cygmon' and are
provided in a number of formats including binary (.bin extension)
and SREC (.srec) extension. GDB stub ROM images are given the prefix 'edb7211_gdb_module'. </PARA>
<PARA>The ROM images provided for the EP7211 Development Board must
be programmed into the FLASH. Please refer to the section titled
"Loading the ROM image into On-Board flash" on how to program the
ROM onto the board.</PARA>
<PARA>Both Cygmon and GDB Stub ROMS allow communication with GDB
via the serial connector labelled 'UART 1'. The
communication parameters are fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no
parity bit and 1 stop bit (8-N-1). No flow control is employed.
Connection to the host computer should be made using a null modem cable.
A gender changer may also be required. Note that the GDB Configuration tool
uses the serial port identifiers 0 and 1 to identify the EB7211
serial ports UART1 and UART2 respectively.</PARA>
<PARA>Both eCos and the ROM images assume the core clock is generated
with a 3.6864 MHz PLL input. The CPU will be configured to run at
73.728MHz.</PARA>
<PARA>Note: The EP7211 CPU needs a two step RESET process. After
pressing the &grave;URESET' pushbutton, the &grave;WAKEUP' pushbutton
must be pressed to complete the process.</PARA>
<NOTE>
<PARA>When an eCos program is run on an EDB7211 board fitted with
either CygMon or a GDB stub ROM, then the code in ROM loses control.
This means that if you require the ability to remotely stop execution
on the target, or want thread debugging capabilities, you must include
GDB stub support when configuring eCos.</PARA>
</NOTE>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building programs for programming into FLASH</TITLE>
<PARA>If your application is to be run directly from FLASH, you
must configure eCos appropriately for "ROM" startup. This can be
done in the <EMPHASIS>eCos Configuration Tool</EMPHASIS> by setting
the "Startup type" HAL option to "ROM". If using the ecosconfig utility,
set the user_value of the CYG_HAL_STARTUP
option in ecos.ecc to "ROM".</PARA>
<PARA>When you have linked your application with eCos, you will
then have an ELF executable. To convert this into a format appropriate
for the Cirrus Logic FLASH download utility, or the dl_7xxx
utility on Linux, you can use the utility arm-elf-objcopy, as in
the following example:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ arm-elf-objcopy -O binary helloworld.exe helloworld.bin</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>This will produce a binary format image helloworld.bin which
can be downloaded into FLASH.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub FLASH ROM images</TITLE>
<PARA>Pre-built GDB stubs images are provided in the directory loaders/arm-edb7211 relative
to the root of your eCos installation, but here are instructions
on how to rebuild them if you should ever need to.</PARA>
<PARA>CygMon images are prefixed with the name 'cygmon' and
GDB stub ROM images are given the prefix 'gdb_module'.
Images may be provided in a number of formats including ELF (.img
extension), binary (.bin extension) and SREC (.srec extension). </PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File</EMPHASIS>-&#62;<EMPHASIS>New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>-&#62;<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the "Cirrus Logic development board"
hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select either the "stubs" package template to build
a GDB stub image, or the "cygmon" template to build the CygMon ROM
Monitor. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Library</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module". CygMon images
have the prefix "cygmon".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<!-- <PARA>(See <XREF LINKEND="USING-ECOSCONFIG-ON-UNIX">)</PARA> -->
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new edb7xxx stubs</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>or to build a CygMon ROM monitor image, enter the command:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new edb7xxx cygmon</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module". CygMon images
have the prefix "cygmon".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE><!-- <xref> -->Loading the ROM Image into On-board Flash</TITLE>
<PARA>Program images can be written into Flash memory by means of
a bootstrap program which is built into the  EDB7211.  This program
communicates with a support program on your host to download and
program an image into the Flash memory.</PARA>
<PARA>Cirrus Logic provides such a program for use with Windows/DOS.
 eCos comes with a similar program which will run under Linux. The
basic operation of both programs is the same.</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Connect a serial line to 'UART 1'.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Power off the  EDB7211.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Install jumper 'PROGRAM ENABLE' which
enables this special mode for downloading Flash images. Note that
some board revisions have this jumper labelled &ldquo;BOOT ENABLE&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Power on the  EDB7211.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Execute the Flash writing program on your host.  On Linux,
this would be:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>     # dl_edb7xxx &lt;PATH&#62;/gdb_module.bin</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>where '&lt;PATH&#62;' is the path to
the binary format version of the ROM image you wish to load, either
as built in the previous section or the "loaders/arm-edb7211/" subdirectory
of your eCos installation. The download tool defaults to 38400 baud and
device /dev/ttyS1 for communication. To change
these, specify them as parameters, e.g.
              </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING># dl_edb7xxx &lt;PATH&#62;/gdb_module.bin 9600 /dev/ttyS0</PROGRAMLISTING>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The download program will indicate that it is waiting
for the board to come alive.  At this point, press 'RESET' and
then 'WAKEUP' switches in order.  There should be
some indication of progress, first of the code being downloaded,
then of the programming process.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Upon completion of the programming, power off the  EDB7211.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Remove the 'PROGRAM ENABLE/BOOT ENABLE' jumper.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Power on the  EDB7211, press 'RESET' and 'WAKEUP'.
 The new ROM image should now be running on the board.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The GDB debugger will now be able to communicate with
the board to download and debug RAM based programs.

This procedure also applies for loading ROM-startup eCos programs
into the on-board FLASH memory, given a binary format image of the
program from arm-elf-objcopy.  Loading a ROM-startup eCos program
into Flash will overwrite the GDB Stub ROM/CygMon in Flash,
so you would have to reload the GDB Stub ROM/CygMon to
return to normal RAM-startup program development.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the Flash Downloader on Linux</TITLE>
<PARA>eCos provides a Flash download program suitable for use with
the  EP7211 Development Board which will run on Linux.  Follow these
steps to build this program.  Note: at the time of the writing of
these instructions, the download program is built directly within
the eCos source repository since it is
not configuration specific.</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>  # cd &lt;eCos install dir&#62;/packages/hal/arm/edb7xxx/<replaceable>&Version;</replaceable>/support</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>  # make</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>(where '# ' is your shell prompt)</PARA>
<PARA>Note: this program was adapted from the Cirrus Logic original
DOS program and still contains some vestiges of that environment.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Developing eCos Programs with the ARM Multi-ICE</TITLE>
<PARA>The EP7211 Development Board supports use of the ARM
            Multi-processor EmbeddedICE(tm), also known as the
            Multi-ICE. Full instructions on how to install and use the
            Multi-ICE in conjunction with GDB are provided in the
            <EMPHASIS>"GNUPro Toolkit Reference for eCos
              ARM/Thumb"</EMPHASIS> manual. However, the following
            platform-specific details should be noted.</PARA>
<PARA>You will need an ARM Multi-ICE Server configuration
            file for the EP7211 Development Board. Here is a suggested
            configuration file to use:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>======== File "720T.cfg" ======== 
;Total IR length = 4 
[TITLE] 
Multi-ICE configuration for EP7211 
 
[TAP 0] 
ARM720T 
 
[TAPINFO] 
YES 
 
[Timing] 
Low=0 
High=0 
Adaptive=OFF 
==================================</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>You must ensure that the board has the appropriate soldered
connections. For the EP7211 this involves connecting TEST0 and TEST1
of the EP7211 to ground. To do this you must solder a wire from
ground at JP33 to TP8 and TP9.</PARA>
<PARA>With respect to using multiple devices simultaneously, note
that the EP7211 is not ID sensitive.</PARA>
<PARA>If you wish to view diagnostic output from your program that
was downloaded via the Multi-ICE, you will note that by default
the output on the serial line (as viewed by a terminal such as Hyperterm
in Windows, or cu in Unix) is in the form of GDB packets.</PARA>
<PARA>To get legible output, the solution is to set the "GDB Serial
port" to a different device from the "Diagnostic serial port", and
you should use the Diagnostic serial port to view the diagnostic
output.</PARA>
<PARA>Warning: The multi-ice-gdb-server will fail on startup if
the board has not been both reset and awakened before running the
server. </PARA>
<PARA>To resolve this, it is necessary to free up the connection
from within the ARM Multi-ICE server itself. However when this happens,
the next time you use GDB to load the program into the board, you
will see lots of "Readback did not match original data" messages
in the output of the multi-ice-gdb-server program. This indicates
your program did not load correctly, and you should restart the
multi-ice-gdb-server program, taking care to reset the board correctly
before reconnecting. </PARA>
<PARA>As a reminder, you must specify --config-dialog to the
            multi-ice-gdb-server program to connect to the board
            correctly. If you do not, the multi-ice-gdb-server program
            will not be able to connect.</PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>

<SECT1 ID="setup-arm-ep7212">
<TITLE><!-- <conditionaltext> -->Cirrus Logic ARM EP7212 Development Board
Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The Cirrus Logic EP7212 Development Board is almost identical
to the EP7211 Development Board from a hardware setup viewpoint,
and is based on the same port of eCos. Therefore the earlier documentation
for the EP7211 Development Board can be considered equivalent, but
with the following changes:</PARA>
<ITEMIZEDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The first serial port is silk screened as "UART 1" on
the EP7211 Development Board, but is silk screened as "Serial Port
0" on the EP7212 Development Board. Similarly "UART 2" is silk screened
as "Serial Port 1" on the EP7212 Development Board.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>JP2 (used to control reprogramming of the FLASH) is not
silkscreened with "Boot Enable".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To setup the EP7212 Development Board for use with the
ARM Multi-ICE JTAG debugging interface unit, it is necessary to
connect TEST0 and TEST1 of the EP7212 to ground.  On the Development
Board, this is accomplished by placing shorting blocks on JP47 and
JP48. When the shorting blocks are fitted, the board can only be
operated through the Multi-ICE - debugging over a serial line is
not possible.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA><!-- <conditionaltext> -->Pre-built GDB stubs are
              provided in the directory
              <FILENAME>loaders/arm-edb7212</FILENAME> relative to the
              root of your eCos installation</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When rebuilding the GDB stub ROM image, change the "Cirrus
Logic processor variant" option (CYGHWR_HAL_ARM_EDB7XXX_VARIANT)
from the EP7211 to the EP7212. This can be selected in the 
<EMPHASIS>eCos Configuration Tool</EMPHASIS>
, or if using ecosconfig, can be set by uncommenting the user_value
property of this option in ecos.ecc and setting it to "EP7212".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ITEMIZEDLIST>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 ID="setup-arm-ep7312">
<TITLE><!-- <conditionaltext> -->Cirrus Logic ARM EP7312 Development Board
Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The Cirrus Logic EP7312 Development Board is similar
to the EP7212 Development Board from a hardware setup viewpoint,
and is based on the same port of eCos.</PARA>
<PARA>When rebuilding the RedBoot ROM image or an eCos application,
change the "Cirrus Logic processor variant" option
(CYGHWR_HAL_ARM_EDB7XXX_VARIANT)
from the EP7211 to the EP7312. This can be selected in the 
<EMPHASIS>eCos Configuration Tool</EMPHASIS>
, or if using ecosconfig, can be set by uncommenting the user_value
property of this option in ecos.ecc and setting it to "EP7312".
</PARA>
<PARA>
See the RedBoot documentation for building and installing RedBoot for this
target.  Only RedBoot is supported as a boot image; ROMRAM startup is
recommended.
</PARA>
<SECT2 ID="ep7312-90MHz-operation">
<TITLE>90MHz Operation</TITLE>
<PARA>
The EP7xxx targets offer a choice of clock speeds, from 18MHz to a maximum,
normally, of 72MHz.  These are described as kHz values 18432 36864 49152
and 73728 within the configuration tool.  If you have a release which
supports it, you will also see 90317 as an available option here, for 90MHz
operation.
</PARA>
<PARA>
This option only applies to certain EP7312 hardware, not all EP7312 boards
support it.  Do not select 90MHz when building RedBoot or your eCos
application unless you are absolutely sure that your board supports it.
</PARA>
<PARA>
If you do have a 90MHz board and wish to execute at 90MHz, it is in fact
not necessary to build RedBoot specially, if you build your eCos
application configured for 90MHz.  RedBoot will run at 72MHz and your
application will run at 90MHz.  If you do install a 90MHz RedBoot, then you
must build eCos for 90MHz or timing and baud rates on serial I/O will be
wrong.
</PARA>
<PARA>
In other words, code (either eCos app or RedBoot) built for 90MHz will
&ldquo;change up a gear&rdquo; when it starts up; but code built for 72MHz,
because it needs to run correctly on boards without the
&ldquo;gearbox&rdquo; does not change back down, so if you mix the two,
unexpected timing can result.  To run a non-eCos application without any
hardware initialization code at 90MHz, you must install a specially-built
RedBoot.
</PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-ep7209">
<TITLE>Cirrus Logic ARM EP7209 Development Board Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>Note: At time of writing, no EP7209 Development Board is available,
and consequently eCos has not been verified for use with the EP7209
Development Board.</PARA>
<PARA>The Cirrus Logic EP7209 Development Board is almost identical
to the EP7212 Board in all respects, except that it is not fitted
with DRAM, nor has it a DRAM controller.</PARA>
<PARA>The only valid configuration for the EDB7209 is ROM based.
The STUBS and RAM startup modes are not available as no DRAM is
fitted.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-clps7111">
<TITLE><!-- <index></index> -->Cirrus Logic ARM CL-PS7111 Evaluation Board Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The implementation of the port of eCos to the Cirrus Logic
ARM CL-PS7111 Evaluation Board (also known as EB7111) is based on
the EP7211 Development Board port.</PARA>
<PARA>For that reason, the setup required is identical to the  EP7211
Development Board as described above, with the following exceptions:</PARA>
<ITEMIZEDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The Cygmon ROM monitor is not supported</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>The ARM Multi-ICE is not supported</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA><!-- <conditionaltext> -->Pre-built GDB stubs are provided in the
directory loaders/arm-eb7111 relative to the root of your
eCos installation</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>If rebuilding the GDB stub ROM image, change the "Cirrus
Logic processor variant" option (CYGHWR_HAL_ARM_EDB7XXX_VARIANT)
from the EP7211 to the CL_PS7111. This can be selected
in the 
<EMPHASIS>eCos Configuration Tool</EMPHASIS>
, or if using ecosconfig, can be set by uncommenting the user_value
property of this option in ecos.ecc and setting it to "CL_PS7111"</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ITEMIZEDLIST>
<PARA>All remote serial communication is done with the serial I/O
connector</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>/misc   
% slow_cat.tcl &lt; [path]/gdb_module.srec &#62; /dev/ttyS0</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Power off the board, and change it to boot the GDB stubs in
big-endian mode by setting the switches like this:</PARA>
<PARA>SW1: 00000000 (all levers down)   
SW2: 10001010</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stubs allow communication with GDB using the serial
port at connector PJ7A (lower connector). The communication parameters
are  fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop
bit  (8-N-1). No flow control is employed. Connection to the host
computer should be made using a straight through serial cable.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-ebsa285">
<TITLE>StrongARM EBSA-285 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with a ROM
image which provides GDB support for
the Intel&reg; StrongARM&reg; Evaluation Board EBSA-285.
 Both eCos and the Stub ROM image assume the clocks are: 3.6864
MHz PLL input for generating the core clock, and 50MHz osc input
for external clocks. An image of this ROM is also provided at <filename>loaders/arm-ebsa285/gdbload.bin</filename> under
the root of your eCos installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The ROM monitor image (an eCos GDB
stub) provided for the EBSA-285 board must be programmed into the
flash, replacing the Angel monitor on the board. Please refer to
the section titled "Loading the ROM Image into On-Board flash" on how
to program the ROM onto the board.</PARA>
<PARA>The Stub ROM allows communication with GDB via the serial
connector on the bulkhead mounting bracket COM0.  The communication
parameters are fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and
1 stop bit (8-N-1).  No flow control is employed.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub FLASH ROM images</TITLE>
<PARA>Pre-built GDB stubs images are provided in the directory loaders/arm-ebsa285 relative
to the root of your eCos installation, but here are instructions
on how to rebuild them if you should ever need to.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stubs with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the StrongARM EBSA285 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the "stubs" package template to build a GDB
stub image. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build</EMPHASIS>
-&#62;
<EMPHASIS>Library</EMPHASIS></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. The GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Building the GDB Stub ROMs with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<PARA>(See &ldquo;Using ecosconfig on UNIX&rdquo; on&nbsp;page&nbsp;72)</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:

<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new ebsa285 stubs</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:
 
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. The GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix "gdb_module".</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Loading the ROM Image into On-board Flash</TITLE>
<PARA>There are several ways to install the eCos gdb stub ROM image
in the EBSA board&rsquo;s flash memory. Once installed, the gdb
stub ROM provides standard eCos download and debug via the EBSA
board&quot;s serial port. The options available include the
Linux based EBSA flash upgrade utility provided by Red Hat, direct writing
of the flash via MultiICE (JTAG) hardware debugger, and other flash management
utilities from Intel (these only support DOS, and proprietary ARM tools
and image formats). Only the Red Hat flash upgrade tool is supported
and tested in this release.</PARA>
<PARA>The flash upgrade tool requires the EBSA board to be configured
as a PCI slave (rather than a master, its normal operating mode)
and plugged into a Linux host computer&quot;s PCI bus.</PARA>
<PARA>Configuring the board for flash loading: Follow the instructions
in the EBSA-285 Reference Manual, pages A-2 and A-3 to configure
the board as an add-in card, and enable flash blank programming.
 Briefly: assuming the board was in the default setting to execute
as a bus master ("Host Bridge") make jumper 9 (J9), move jumper
10 (J10) to external reset (PCI_RST), and move jumper 15
(J15) link 4-6-5 to connect 5-6 instead of 4-6.</PARA>
<PARA>Configuring the board for execution of eCos programs: Follow
the instructions in the EBSA-285 Reference Manual, pages A-2 and
A-3 to configure the board as a "Host Bridge" with "Central Function".
 Briefly: unset J9, move J10 to on-board reset (BRD_RST),
and set J15 to make 4-6 instead of 5-6 (see page A-8 also).  Plug
the card into its own PCI bus, not the Linux PC used for the flash-programming
process.</PARA>
<PARA>Building the Linux software: the Linux software sources are
in directory</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>      &lt;BASE_DIR&#62;/packages/hal/arm/ebsa285/v1_3/support/linux/safl_util</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>in the eCos source repository.  There are two parts to the
system: a loadable kernel module and the flash utility.  The loadable
kernel module is safl.o and the utility is sa_flash.  To
build:</PARA>
<PARA>  cd to this directory, or a copy of it.</PARA>
<PARA>  make</PARA>
<PARA>This builds safl.o and sa_flash. The kernel module
must be installed, and a device file created for it. Both of these
operations require root permissions.  Create the device file by: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>      % mknod /dev/safl c 10 178</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Programming the flash: switch off the EBSA-285, and remove
the EBSA-285 board from its PCI bus.  Take appropriate anti-static
precautions. Configure it for flash loading as above, halt your
Linux system and turn it off.  Install the EBSA-285 board in the
PCI bus of the Linux system and boot it up. (Single user is good enough,
assuming your image and safl_util build dir are on a local
disc partition.)  Change directory to the safl_util directory,
then, to load the kernel module and flash an image onto the eval
board (as root): </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>       % insmod safl.o
       % sa_flash &lt;image_file&#62;</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Halt and turn off the Linux machine and remove the EBSA-285
card.  Take appropriate anti-static precautions.  Configure it for
execution of eCos programs as above, and plug it into its own PCI
bus.  Restart the Linux machine however you wish.</PARA>
<PARA>This information is replicated in the README file within the
safl_util directory and its parents, and in the EBSA-285
Reference Manual from Intel, appendix A "Configuration Guide". 
If in doubt, please refer to those documents also.</PARA>
<PARA>This procedure also applies for loading ROM-startup eCos programs
into the on-board flash memory, given a binary format image of the
program from arm-elf-objcopy.  Loading a ROM-startup eCos program
into flash will overwrite the StubROM in flash, so you would have
to reload the StubROM to return to normal RAM-startup program development.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Running your eCos Program Using GDB and the StubROM</TITLE>
<NOTE>
<PARA>You must first load the StubROM image into the flash memory
on the EBSA-285 board before doing this.  See &ldquo;Loading
the ROM Image into On-board Flash&rdquo;, page 93 for details.</PARA>
</NOTE>
<PARA>Connect to the StubROM in the board and run your eCos program &lt;PROGRAM&#62; as</PARA>
<PARA>follows:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>      $ arm-elf-gdb -nw &lt;PROGRAM&#62;
      (gdb) set remotebaud 38400
      (gdb) target remote &lt;DEVICE&#62;</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Where &lt;DEVICE&#62; is /dev/ttyS0
or COM1: or similar, depending on your environment and how you connected
your serial line to the host computer. Expect some output here,
for example:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>      Remote debugging using /dev/ttyS0
      0x410026a4 in ?? ()</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>then, to load the program</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>        (gdb) load
    </PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>which will report locations and sizes of sections as they
load, then begin execution using</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>      (gdb) continue</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>If you have no eCos program yet, but you want to connect to
the board just to verify serial communications, tell gdb "set endian
little" before anything else, so that it understands the board (GDB
normally infers this from information within the eCos program).</PARA>
<NOTE>
<PARA>When an eCos program is run on the EBSA-285 board, the GDB
stub in ROM loses control. This means that if you require the ability
to stop execution on the target remotely, or want thread debugging
capabilities, you must include GDB stub support when configuring
<PRODUCTNAME>eCos</PRODUCTNAME>.</PARA>
</NOTE>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-arm-ipaq">
<TITLE><!-- <conditionaltext> --> <!-- NOTE: could not find it --><!-- <index></index> -->Compaq iPAQ PocketPC Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>For setting up the iPAQ to run with RedBoot, see the the <EMPHASIS>RedBoot
User's Guide</EMPHASIS>. Connections may be made using
the Compact Flash Ethernet interface.  A serial cable may be connected
directly, or via the cradle. Serial communication uses the parameters
38400,8,N,1. The LCD/Touchscreen may also be used as an
interface to RedBoot and eCos applications.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sh-edk7708">
<TITLE>SH3/EDK7708 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos Developer&rsquo;s Kit package comes with a ROM
which provides GDB support for the Hitachi EDK7708 board (a big-endian
and a little-endian version). Images of these  ROMs are also provided
at <filename>loaders/sh-edk7708/gdbload.bin</filename> and
          <filename>loaders/sh-edk7708le/gdbload.bin</filename> under
the root of your eCos installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The ROM is installed to socket U6 on the board. When using
the big-endian ROM, jumper 9 must be set to 2-3. When using the
little-endian ROM, jumper 9 must be set to 1-2. Attention should
be paid to the correct orientation of the ROM during installation.
Only replace the board&quot;s existing ROM using a proper PLCC extraction
tool, as the socket would otherwise risk being damaged. </PARA>
<PARA>If you are going to program a new ROM or FLASH using the binary
image, you may have to experiment to get the right byte-order in
the device. Depending on the programming software you use, it might
be necessary to enable byte-swapping.  If the GDB stub ROM/FLASH
you program does not work, try reversing the byte-order.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub in the EPROM allows communication with GDB using
the serial port at connector J1. The communication parameters are
fixed at 38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit (8-N-1).
No flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer should
be made using the dedicated serial cable included in the EDK package. </PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into FLASH</TITLE>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Preparing the Binaries</TITLE>
<PARA>These two binary preparation steps are not strictly necessary
as the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled binaries in the
directory loaders/sh-edk7708 and loaders/sh-edk7708le
relative to the installation root.</PARA>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the SH EDK7708 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the &ldquo;stubs&rdquo; package template
to build a GDB stub. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>If building a little-endian image, disable the &ldquo;Use
big-endian mode&rdquo; option in the SH EDK7708 HAL (CYGHWR_HAL_SH_BIGENDIAN).</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>. </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command: 
  
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new edk7708 stubs</PROGRAMLISTING>
 </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>If building a little-endian image, uncomment the user
value in ecos.ecc for CYGHWR_HAL_SH_BIGENDIAN
and change it to 0.   </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands:
    
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree      
$ make </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the  prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Installing the Stubs into ROM or FLASH</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Program the binary image file gdb_module.bin
into ROM or FLASH referring to the instructions of your ROM programmer.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Plug the ROM/FLASH into socket U6. If the image
is little-endian set jumper 9 to 1-2. If the image is big-endian
set jumper 9 to 2-3.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sh-cq7708">
<TITLE>SH3/CQ7708 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Preparing the board</TITLE>
<PARA>Make sure the DIP switches on the board are set as follows:
  </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>SW1-1 ON
SW1-2 OFF   
SW1-3 ON   
SW1-4 OFF</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>SW2-1 ON   
SW2-2 ON   
SW2-3 OFF   
SW2-4 OFF</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>If you are using a straight through serial cable which has
flow control lines, you will also need to cut JP12 (5-6) as the
flow control lines can cause NMIs.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>eCos GDB Stubs</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos installation CD contains a copy of the eCos GDB stubs
in  binary format which must be programmed into an EPROM or FLASH
and  installed on the board.</PARA>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Preparing the GDB stubs</TITLE>
<PARA>These stub preparation steps are not strictly necessary as
the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled stubs in the directory
loaders/sh3-cq7708 relative to the installation root.</PARA>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the GDB stub image with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the SH3 cq7708 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the stubs package template to build a GDB stub.
Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Build eCos stubs using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the 
<FILENAME>bin/</FILENAME>
 subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub images have the prefix 
<FILENAME>gdb_module</FILENAME>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Building the GDB stub image with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command: 
     
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new cq7708 stubs </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Enter the commands:
    
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree      
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the 
<FILENAME>bin/</FILENAME>
 subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub images have the prefix 
<FILENAME>gdb_module</FILENAME>.  </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Programming the stubs in EPROM/FLASH</TITLE>
<PARA>The board can use different sizes of ROMs. Use this table
to adjust the board&rsquo;s jumpers to the ROM sizes you are
using.</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>size(kbit)    JP7   JP9   JP10   JP11     
256           2-3   2-3   open   open     
512           1-2   2-3   open   open     
1000          1-2   open  open   2-3     
2000          1-2   1-2   open   2-3     
4000          1-2   1-2   short  2-3     
8000          1-2   1-2   short  1-2</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>There are two ways to program the stubs. We advise you to
use method 1, since it is simpler. Method 2 is unsupported and requires
a bit of fiddling.</PARA>
<PARA><EMPHASIS>Method 1: </EMPHASIS> </PARA>
<PARA>Program the binary stub image into two EPROMs, E and O. EPROM
E should  contain the even bytes, and O the odd bytes (your EPROM
programmer should  have the ability to split the image).</PARA>
<PARA>EPROM E should be installed in socket IC8, and EPROM O should
be  installed in socket IC4.</PARA>
<PARA>Set JP6 to 16 bit mode (1-2 soldered, 2-3 cut)  Set SW1-4
to ON and SW2-1 to OFF.</PARA>
<PARA></PARA>
<PARA><EMPHASIS>Method2: </EMPHASIS> </PARA>
<PARA>Assuming that the stub binary is smaller than 32 KB, you can
install it in a single EPROM.</PARA>
<PARA>Compile the <FILENAME>mkcqrom.c</FILENAME> program
found in the <FILENAME>misc</FILENAME> directory.</PARA>
<PARA>Use it to convert the binary image to the required format.
See the  <FILENAME>mkcqrom.c</FILENAME> source for a
description of what is done, and why it is  necessary. </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING> % mkcqrom gdb_module.bin gdb_mangled.bin</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Program the <FILENAME>gdb_mangled.bin</FILENAME> file
into an EPROM and install it in  socket IC4</PARA>
<PARA>Set JP6 to 8 bit mode (cut 1-2, solder 2-3)</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stubs allow communication with GDB using the serial
port at connector CN7. The communication parameters are fixed at
38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit (8-N-1). No
flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer should
be made using a  straight through serial cable.</PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sh-hs7729pci">
<TITLE>SH3/HS7729PCI Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>Please see the RedBoot manual for instructions on how to prepare
the board for use with eCos.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sh-se77x9">
<TITLE>SH3/SE77x9 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>Please see the RedBoot manual for instructions on how to prepare
the board for use with eCos.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sh-cq7750">
<TITLE>SH4/CQ7750 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Preparing the board</TITLE>
<PARA>Make sure the DIP switches on the board are set as follows:
  </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>SW1-1 ON
SW1-2 OFF   
SW1-3 ON   
SW1-4 OFF</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PROGRAMLISTING>SW2-1 ON   
SW2-2 ON   
SW2-3 OFF   
SW2-4 OFF</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>If you are using a straight through serial cable which has
flow control lines, you will also need to cut JP12 (5-6) as the
flow control lines can cause NMIs.</PARA>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>eCos GDB Stubs</TITLE>
<PARA>The eCos installation CD contains a copy of the eCos GDB stubs
in  binary format which must be programmed into an EPROM or FLASH
and  installed on the board.</PARA>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Preparing the GDB stubs</TITLE>
<PARA>These stub preparation steps are not strictly necessary as
the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled stubs in the directory
loaders/sh3-cq7708 relative to the installation root.</PARA>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Building the GDB stub image with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the SH3 cq7708 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the stubs package template to build a GDB stub.
Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Build eCos stubs using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the 
<FILENAME>bin/</FILENAME>
 subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub images have the prefix 
<FILENAME>gdb_module</FILENAME>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Building the GDB stub image with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command: 
     
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new cq7708 stubs </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Enter the commands:
    
<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree      
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the 
<filename>bin/</filename>
 subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub images have the prefix 
<filename>gdb_module</filename>.  </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Programming the stubs in EPROM/FLASH</TITLE>
<PARA>The board can use different sizes of ROMs. Use this table
to adjust the board&rsquo;s jumpers to the ROM sizes you are
using.</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>size(kbit)    JP7   JP9   JP10   JP11     
256           2-3   2-3   open   open     
512           1-2   2-3   open   open     
1000          1-2   open  open   2-3     
2000          1-2   1-2   open   2-3     
4000          1-2   1-2   short  2-3     
8000          1-2   1-2   short  1-2</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>There are two ways to program the stubs. We advise you to
use method 1, since it is simpler. Method 2 is unsupported and requires
a bit of fiddling.</PARA>
<PARA><EMPHASIS>Method 1: </EMPHASIS> </PARA>
<PARA>Program the binary stub image into two EPROMs, E and O. EPROM
E should  contain the even bytes, and O the odd bytes (your EPROM
programmer should  have the ability to split the image).</PARA>
<PARA>EPROM E should be installed in socket IC8, and EPROM O should
be  installed in socket IC4.</PARA>
<PARA>Set JP6 to 16 bit mode (1-2 soldered, 2-3 cut)  Set SW1-4
to ON and SW2-1 to OFF.</PARA>
<PARA></PARA>
<PARA><EMPHASIS>Method2: </EMPHASIS> </PARA>
<PARA>Assuming that the stub binary is smaller than 32 KB, you can
install it in a single EPROM.</PARA>
<PARA>Compile the <filename>mkcqrom.c</filename> program
found in the <FILENAME>misc</FILENAME> directory.</PARA>
<PARA>Use it to convert the binary image to the required format.
See the  <FILENAME>mkcqrom.c</FILENAME> source for a
description of what is done, and why it is  necessary. </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING> % mkcqrom gdb_module.bin gdb_mangled.bin</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>Program the <FILENAME>gdb_mangled.bin</FILENAME> file
into an EPROM and install it in  socket IC4</PARA>
<PARA>Set JP6 to 8 bit mode (cut 1-2, solder 2-3)</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stubs allow communication with GDB using the serial
port at connector CN7. The communication parameters are fixed at
38400 baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit (8-N-1). No
flow control is employed. Connection to the host computer should
be made using a  straight through serial cable.</PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-sh-se7751">
<TITLE>SH4/SE7751 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>Please see the RedBoot manual for instructions on how to prepare
the board for use with eCos.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-v850-cebsa1">
<TITLE>NEC CEB-V850/SA1 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The CEB-V850 board is fitted with a socketed EPROM. The internal
Flash of the V850 supplied with the CEB-V850 boards defaults to
vectoring into this EPROM. A  GDB stub image should be programmed
into an EPROM fitted to this board, and a pre-built image is provided
at <FILENAME>loaders/v850-ceb_v850/v850sa1/gdb_module.bin </FILENAME>under
the root of your eCos installation.</PARA>
<PARA>The EPROM is installed to the socket labelled U7 on the board.
Attention should be paid to the correct orientation of the EPROM
during installation. </PARA>
<PARA>When programming an EPROM using the binary image, be careful
to get the byte order correct. It needs to be little-endian. If
the EPROM burner software has a hex-editor, check that the first
few bytes of the image look similar to: </PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>00000000: 0018 8007 5e02 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>If the byte order is wrong you will see 1800 instead of 0018
etc. Use the EPROM burner software to make a byte-swap before you
burn to image to the EPROM. </PARA>
<PARA>If the GDB stub EPROM you burn does not work, try reversing
the byte-order, even if you think you have it the right way around.
At least one DOS-based EPROM burner program is known to have the
byte-order upside down.</PARA>
<PARA>The GDB stub in the EPROM allows communication with GDB using
the serial port. The communication parameters are fixed at 38400
baud, 8 data bits, no parity bit and 1 stop bit (8-N-1). No flow
control is employed. Connection to the host computer should be made
using a dedicated serial cable as specified in the CEB-V850/SA1
manual.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Installing the Stubs into ROM</TITLE>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>Preparing the Binaries</TITLE>
<PARA>These two binary preparation steps are not strictly necessary
as the eCos distribution ships with pre-compiled binaries in the
directory loaders/v850-ceb_v850 relative to the
installation root.</PARA>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with the eCos Configuration Tool</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Start with a new document - selecting the 
<EMPHASIS>File-&#62;New</EMPHASIS>
 menu item if necessary to do this.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Choose the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 menu item, and then select the NEC CEB-V850/SA1 hardware.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>While still displaying the 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Templates</EMPHASIS>
 dialog box, select the &ldquo;stubs&rdquo; package template
to build a GDB stub. Click 
<EMPHASIS>OK</EMPHASIS>.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Build eCos using 
<EMPHASIS>Build-&#62;Library</EMPHASIS>. </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the  prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
<SECT4>
<TITLE>Building the ROM images with ecosconfig</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make an empty directory to contain the build tree,
and cd into it. </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>To build a GDB stub ROM image, enter the command:

<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig new ceb-v850 stubs </PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Enter the commands: 

<PROGRAMLISTING>$ ecosconfig tree
$ make</PROGRAMLISTING>
 </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>When the build completes, the image files can be found
in the bin/ subdirectory of the install tree. GDB stub
ROM images have the prefix &ldquo;gdb_module&rdquo;.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT4>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE> Installing the Stubs into ROM or FLASH</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Program the binary image file gdb_module.bin
into ROM or FLASH referring to the instructions of your ROM
                  programmer. </PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA> Plug the ROM/FLASH into the socket as described
at the beginning of this section.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Debugging with the NEC V850 I.C.E.</TITLE>
<PARA>eCos applications may be debugged using the NEC V850 In Circuit
Emulator (I.C.E.) A PC running Microsoft Windows is required in
order to run the NEC ICE software and drivers. In addition Red Hat
have developed a &ldquo;libremote&rdquo; server application
named v850ice.exe which is used on the PC connected to the I.C.E.
in order to allow connections from GDB.</PARA>
<PARA>The I.C.E. must be physically connected to a Windows NT system
through NEC&quot;s PCI or PC Card interface.  A driver, DLLs,
and application are provided by NEC to control the I.C.E.</PARA>
<PARA>v850ice is a Cygwin based server that runs on the NT system
and provides an interface between the gdb client and the I.C.E.
software. v850-elf-gdb may be run on the Windows NT system or on
a remote system. v850-elf-gdb communicates with the libremote server
using the gdb remote protocol over a TCP/IP socket.  v850ice
communicates with the I.C.E. by calling functions in the NECMSG.DLL provided
by NEC.</PARA>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>INITIAL SETUP</TITLE>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Configure the hardware including the I.C.E., SA1 or
SB1 Option Module, and target board.  Install the interface card
in the Windows NT system. Reference NEC&quot;s documentation
for interface installation, jumper settings, etc.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Install the Windows NT device driver provided by NEC.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Copy the NEC DLLs, MDI application, and other support
files to a directory on the Windows NT system. The standard location
is C:\NecTools32. This directory will be referred to as
the "libremote server directory" in this document. v850ice.exe must
also be copied to this directory after being built. The required
files are:  cpu.cfg, Nec.cfg, MDI.EXE, NECMSG.DLL, EX85032.DLL,
V850E.DLL, IE850.MON, IE850E.MON, and D3037A.800.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Make certain the file cpu.cfg contains the line:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>CpuOption=SA1</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>if using a V850/SA1 module, or:</PARA>
<PROGRAMLISTING>CpuOption=SB1</PROGRAMLISTING>
<PARA>if using a V850/SB1 module.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Set the environment variable IEPATH to point to the libremote
server</PARA>
<PARA>directory.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>BUILD PROCEDURES</TITLE>
<PARA>A pre-built v850ice.exe executable is supplied in the loaders/v850-ceb_v850 directory
relative to the root of the eCos installation. However the following process
will allow the rebuilding of this executable if required:</PARA>
<PARA>For this example assume the v850ice libremote tree has been
copied to a directory named "server".  The directory structure will
be similar to the following diagram:</PARA>
<PARA><PROGRAMLISTING>                server
                   |
                 devo
                 /  \
           config    libremote
                      /     \
                   lib       v850ice</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
<PARA>Build the v850ice source as follows.  Be sure to use the native
Cygwin compiler tools that were supplied alongside eCos.</PARA>
<PARA>cd server
mkdir build
cd build
../devo/configure --target=v850-elf --host=i686-pc-cygwin
make</PARA>
<PARA>The resultant libremote server image (v850ice.exe) can be
found in build/libremote/v850ice.  Copy v850ice.exe
to the lib remote server directory.</PARA>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>V850ICE.EXE EXECUTION</TITLE>
<PARA>The v850ice command line syntax is:</PARA>
<PARA>v850ice [-d] [-t addr] [port number]</PARA>
<PARA>The optional -d option enables debug output.  The -t option
is associated with thread debugging - see the "eCos thread debugging"
section below for details. By default v850ice listens on port 2345
for an attach request from a gdb client.  A different port number
may be specified on the command line.</PARA>
<PARA>To run the libremote server:</PARA>
<ORDEREDLIST>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Power on the I.C.E. and target board.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Open a Cygwin window.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>Run v850ice.</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
<LISTITEM>
<PARA>You will see the MDI interface window appear.  In this
window you should see the "Connected to In-Circuit Emulator" message.
 In the Cygwin window, the libremote server will indicate it is
ready to accept a gdb client connection with the message "v850ice:
 listening on port 2345."</PARA>
</LISTITEM>
</ORDEREDLIST>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>V850-ELF-GDB EXECUTION</TITLE>
<PARA>Run the v850-elf-gdb client to debug the V850 target.  It
is necessary to issue certain configuration commands to the I.C.E.
software.  These commands may be issued directly in the MDI window
or they may be issued from the gdb client through the "monitor"
command.</PARA>
<PARA>On the Cosmo CEB-V850 board, on-chip Flash is mapped at address
0x0, the on-board EPROM at 0x100000 and the on-board RAM at 0xfc0000.
Since a stand alone V850 will start executing from address 0x0 on
reset, it is normal to load either an application or a bootstrap
loader for Flash at this address. eCos programs may be built to
boot from Flash or the on-board EPROM. If building for the on-board
EPROM, it would be expected that the Flash will contain the default
CEB-V850 flash contents. An ELF format version of the default contents
may be found in the eCos distribution with the name v850flash.img.</PARA>
<PARA>In stand alone operation, normally the code in this flash image
would have been programmed into the V850 on the Cosmo board, and
this would cause it to vector into the on-board EPROM to run the
application located there. In the case of eCos, this application
may be a GDB stub ROM application, allowing the further download
to RAM over serial of actual applications to debug.</PARA>
<PARA>As an example, we shall demonstrate how to use the I.C.E.
to download the v850flash.img and GDB stub EPROM image using I.C.E.
emulator memory only, and not requiring any actual programming of
devices.</PARA>
<PARA>v850-elf-gdb -nw
(gdb) file v850flash.img
(gdb) target remote localhost:2345
(gdb) monitor reset
(gdb) monitor cpu r=256 a=16
(gdb) monitor map r=0x100000-L 0x80000
(gdb) monitor map u=0xfc0000-L 0x40000
(gdb) monitor pinmask k
(gdb) monitor step
(gdb) monitor step
(gdb) monitor step
(gdb) monitor step
(gdb) load
(gdb) detach
(gdb) file gdb_module.img
(gdb) target remote localhost:2345
(gdb) load
(gdb) continue</PARA>
<PARA>NOTE: The four "monitor step" commands are only required the
first time the board is connected to the I.C.E., otherwise the program
will fail.</PARA>
<PARA>This is because of a limitation of the I.C.E. hardware that
means that the first time it is used, the "map" commands are not
acted on and the addresses "0x100000" and "0xfc0000" are not mapped.
This can be observed using the command "td e-20" in the MDI application&quot;s
console to display the trace buffer, which will show that the contents
of address 0x100000 are not valid. Subsequent runs do not require
the "monitor step" commands.</PARA>
<PARA>It is unusual to load two executable images to a target through
gdb.  From the example above notice that this is accomplished by
attaching to the libremote server, loading the flash image, detaching,
reattaching, and loading the ROM/RAM image. It is more
normal to build an executable image that can be executed directly.
In eCos this is achieved by selecting either the ROM or ROMRAM startup
type, and optionally enable building for the internal FLASH. The
I.C.E. emulator memory can emulate both the internal FLASH and the
EPROM, so real hardware programming is not required.</PARA>
<PARA>Upon running this example you will notice that the libremote
server does not exit upon detecting a detach request, but simply
begins listening for the next attach request.  To cause v850ice
to terminate, issue the "monitor quit" or "monitor exit" command
from the gdb client.  v850ice will then terminate with the next
detach request.  (You can also enter control-c in the Cygwin/DOS
window where v850ice is running.)</PARA>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>MDI INTERFACE VS. GDB INTERFACE</TITLE>
<PARA>If a filename is referenced in an MDI command, whether the
command is entered in the MDI window or issued from the gdb client
with the monitor command, the file must reside on the Windows NT
libremote server system.  When specifying a filename when entering
a command in the MDI window it is obvious that a server local file
is being referenced.  When issuing an MDI command from the gdb client, the
user must remember that the command line is simply passed to the
I.C.E. software on the server system.  The command is executed by
the I.C.E. software as though it were entered locally.</PARA>
<PARA>Executable images may be loaded into the V850 target by entering
the "load" command in the MDI window or with the gdb "load" command.
 If the MDI load command is used, the executable image must be located
on the server system and must be in S Record format.  If the gdb
load command is used, the executable image must be located on the
client system and must be in ELF format.</PARA>
<PARA>Be aware that the gdb client is not aware of debugger commands
issued from the MDI window.  It is possible to cause the gdb client
and the I.C.E. software to get out of sync by issuing commands from
both interfaces during the same debugging session.</PARA>
</SECT3>
<SECT3>
<TITLE>eCos THREAD DEBUGGING</TITLE>
<PARA>eCos and the V850 I.C.E. libremote server have been written
to work together to allow debugging of eCos threads. This is an
optional feature, disabled by default because of the overheads trying
to detect a threaded program involves.</PARA>
<PARA>Obviously thread debugging is not possible for programs with
"RAM" startup type, as they are expected to operate underneath a
separate ROM monitor (such as a GDB stub ROM), that itself would
provide its own thread debugging capabilities over the serial line.
Thread debugging is relevant only for programs built for Flash, ROM,
or ROMRAM startup.</PARA>
<PARA>To configure the libremote server to support thread debugging,
use the command:</PARA>
<PARA><PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) monitor syscallinfo ADDRESS</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
<PARA>at the GDB console prompt, where ADDRESS is the address of
the syscall information structure included in the applications.
In eCos this has been designed to be located at a consistent address
for each CPU model (V850/SA1 or V850/SB1). It
may be determined from an eCos executable using the following command
at a cygwin bash prompt:</PARA>
<PARA><PROGRAMLISTING>v850-elf-nm EXECUTABLE | grep hal_v85x_ice_syscall_info</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
<PARA>At the current time, this address is 0xfc0400 for a Cosmo
board fitted with a V850/SA1, or 0xfc0540 for a Cosmo board
fitted with a V850/SB1.</PARA>
<PARA>So for example, the GDB command for the SB1 would be:</PARA>
<PARA><PROGRAMLISTING>(gdb) monitor syscallinfo 0xfc0540</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
<PARA>Given that the syscallinfo address is fixed over all eCos
executables for a given target, it is possible to define it on the
libremote command line as well using the "-t" option, for example:</PARA>
<PARA><PROGRAMLISTING>bash$ v850ice -t 0xfc0400
v850ice: listening on port 2345</PROGRAMLISTING></PARA>
</SECT3>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-v850-cebsb1">
<TITLE>NEC CEB-V850/SB1 Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>The instructions for setting up the CEB-V850/SB1
are virtually identical to those of the CEB-V850/SA1 above.
The only significant differences are that pre-built loaders are available
at loaders/v850-ceb_v850/v850sb1 within
the eCos installation. Binaries supporting boards with both 16MHz
and 8MHz clock speeds are supplied. Also when building applications,
or rebuilding the stubs for a V850/SB1 target, then the
V850 CPU variant must be changed in the CEB-V850 HAL to the SB1.</PARA>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-i386-pc">
<TITLE>i386 PC Hardware Setup</TITLE>
<para>
eCos application on the PC can be run in three ways: via RedBoot,
loaded directly from a floppy disk, or loaded by the GRUB bootloader.
</para>
<sect2>
<title>RedBoot Support</title>
<PARA>For information about setting up the PC to run with RedBoot,
consult the RedBoot User&quot;s Guide. If using serial debugging,
the serial line runs at 38400 baud 8-N-1 and should be connected
to the debug host using a null modem cable. If ethernet debugging
is required, an i82559 compatible network interface card, such as
an Intel EtherExpress Pro 10/100,  should be installed
on the target PC and connected to the development PC running GDB.
When RedBoot is configured appropriately to have an IP address set,
then GDB will be able to debug directly over TCP/IP to the
target PC.</PARA>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Floppy Disk Support</title>
<para>
If an application is built with a startup type of FLOPPY, then it is
configured to be a self-booting image that must be written onto a
formatted floppy disk. This will erase any existing file system or
data that is already on the disk, so proceed
with caution.
</para>
<para>
To write an application to floppy disk, it must first be converted to
a pure binary format. This is done with the following command:
</para>
<screen width=72>
$ <userinput>i386-elf-objcopy -O binary app.elf app.bin</userinput>
</screen>
<para>
Here <filename>app.elf</filename> is the final linked application
executable, in ELF format (it may not have a <filename>.elf</filename>
extension). The file <filename>app.bin</filename> is the resulting
pure binary file. This must be written to the floppy disk with the
following command:
<screen width=72>
$ <userinput>dd conv=sync if=app.bin of=/dev/fd0</userinput>
</screen>
</para>
<para>For NT Cygwin users, this can be done by first ensuring that the raw
floppy device is mounted as <filename>/dev/fd0</filename>. To check if this
is the case, type the command <command>mount</command> at the Cygwin bash
prompt. If the floppy drive is already mounted, it will be listed as something
similar to the following line:</para>
<screen>  \\.\a: /dev/fd0 user binmode</screen>
<para>If this line is not listed, then mount the floppy drive using the command:
</para>
<screen>$ <userinput>mount -f -b //./a: /dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
<para>To actually install the boot image on the floppy, use the command:</para>
<screen>
$ <userinput>dd conv=sync if=app.bin of=/dev/fd0</userinput>
</screen>
<para>Insert this floppy in the A: drive of the PC to be used as a target
and ensure that the BIOS is configured to boot from A: by default. On reset,
the PC will boot from the floppy and the eCos application will load
itself and execute immediately.</para>
<note><title>NOTE</title>
<para>Unreliable floppy media may cause the write to silently fail. This
can be determined if the RedBoot image does not correctly
boot. In such cases, the floppy should be (unconditionally) reformatted
using the <command>fdformat</command> command on Linux, or
<command>format a: /u</command> on DOS/Windows. If this fails, try a
different disk.</para>
</note>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>GRUB Bootloader Support</title>
<para>
If an application is built with the GRUB startup type, it is
configured to be loaded by the GRUB bootloader.
</para>
<para>
GRUB is an open source boot loader that supports many different
operating systems. It is available from
<ulink
url="http://www.gnu.org/software/grub">http://www.gnu.org/software/grub</ulink>.
The latest version of GRUB should be downloaded from there and installed.
In Red Hat Linux version 7.2 and later it is the default bootloader
for Linux and therefore is already installed.
</para>
<para>
To install GRUB on a floppy disk from Linux you need to execute the
following commands:
</para>
<screen>
$ <userinput>mformat a:</userinput>
$ <userinput>mount /mnt/floppy</userinput>
$ <userinput>grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/floppy '(fd0)'</userinput>
Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time.
Installation finished. No error reported.
This is the contents of the device map /mnt/floppy/boot/grub/device.map.
Check if this is correct or not. If any of the lines is incorrect,
fix it and re-run the script `grub-install'.

(fd0)   /dev/fd0
$ <userinput>cp $ECOS_REPOSITORY/packages/hal/i386/pc/current/misc/menu.lst /mnt/floppy/boot/grub</userinput>
$ <userinput>umount /mnt/floppy</userinput>
</screen>
<para>
The file <filename>menu.lst</filename> is an example GRUB menu
configuration file. It contains menu items to load some of the
standard eCos tests from floppy or from partition zero of the first
hard disk. You should, of course, customize this file to load your own
application. Alternatively you can use the command-line interface of
GRUB to input commands yourself.
</para>
<para>
Applications can be installed, or updated simply by copying them to
the floppy disk at the location expected by the
<filename>menu.lst</filename> file. For booting from floppy disks it
is recommended that the executable be stripped of all debug and symbol
table information before copying. This reduces the size of the file
and can make booting faster.
</para>
<para>
To install GRUB on a hard disk, refer to the GRUB documentation. Be
warned, however, that if you get this wrong it may compromise any
existing bootloader that exists on the hard disk and may make any
other operating systems unbootable. Practice on floppy disks or
sacrificial hard disks first. On machines running Red Hat Linux
version 7.2 and later, you can just add your own menu items to the
<filename>/boot/grub/menu.lst</filename> file that already exists.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Debugging FLOPPY and GRUB Applications</title>
<para>
When RedBoot loads an application it also provides debugging services
in the form of GDB remote protocol stubs. When an application is
loaded stand-alone from a floppy disk, or by GRUB, these services are
not present. To allow these application to be debugged, it is possible
to include GDB stubs into the application.
</para>
<para>
To do this, set the &quot;Support for GDB stubs&quot;
(<literal>CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_INCLUDE_STUBS</literal>) configuration
option. Following this any application built will allow GDB to connect
to the debug serial port (by default serial device 0, also known as
COM1) whenever the application takes an exception, or if a Control-C
is typed to the debug port. Ethernet debugging is not supported.
</para>
<para>
The option &quot;Enable initial breakpoint&quot;
(<literal>CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_INITIAL_BREAK</literal>) causes the HAL
to take a breakpoint immediately before calling cyg_start(). This
gives the developer a chance to set any breakpoints or inspect the
system state before it proceeds. The configuration sets this option by
default if GDB stubs are included, and this is not a RedBoot build. To
make the application execute immediately either disable this option,
or disable <literal>CYGDBG_HAL_DEBUG_GDB_INCLUDE_STUBS</literal>.
</para>
</sect2>
</SECT1>
<SECT1 id="setup-synth-i386linux">
<TITLE><!-- <conditionaltext> --><!-- <index></index> -->i386/Linux Synthetic Target Setup</TITLE>
<PARA>When building for the synthetic Linux target, the resulting
binaries are native Linux applications with the HAL providing suitable
bindings between the eCos kernel and the Linux kernel.</PARA>
<NOTE>
<PARA>Please be aware that the current implementation of the Linux
synthetic target does not allow thread-aware debugging.</PARA>
</NOTE>
<PARA>These Linux applications cannot be run on a Windows system.
However, it is possible to write a similar HAL emulation for the
Windows kernel if such a testing target is desired.</PARA>
<SECT2>
<TITLE>Tools</TITLE>

<PARA>For the synthetic target, eCos relies on features not available
in native compilers earlier than gcc-2.95.1. It also requires version
2.9.5 or later of the GNU linker. If you have gcc-2.95.1 or later
and ld version 2.9.5 or later, then you do not need to build new
tools. eCos does not support earlier versions. You can check the compiler
version using <COMMAND>gcc -v</COMMAND> 
and the linker version using <COMMAND>ld
-v</COMMAND>.</PARA>

<PARA>If you have native tools that are sufficiently recent for
use with eCos, you should be aware that by default eCos assumes
that the tools <COMMAND>i686-pc-linux-gnu-gcc</COMMAND>, <COMMAND>i686-pc-linux-gnu-ar</COMMAND>,
 <COMMAND>i686-pc-linux-gnu-ld</COMMAND>, and <COMMAND>i686-pc-linux-gnu-objcopy</COMMAND> are
on your system and are the correct versions for use with eCos. But
instead, you can tell eCos to use your native tools by editing the
configuration value "Global command prefix" (CYGBLD_GLOBAL_COMMAND_PREFIX)
in your eCos configuration. If left empty (i.e. set to the empty
string) eCos will use your native tools when building.</PARA>
<PARA>If you have any difficulties, it is almost certainly easiest
overall to rebuild the tools as described on: <ULINK URL="http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/getstart.html">http://sources.redhat.com/ecos/getstart.html</ULINK></PARA>
</SECT2>
</SECT1>


</appendix>