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; @(#)crt0.s    1.3 96/05/31 14:40:27, AMD
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Copyright 1988, 1989, 1990 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
;
; This software is the property of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc  (AMD)  which
; specifically  grants the user the right to modify, use and distribute this
; software provided this notice is not removed or altered.  All other rights
; are reserved by AMD.
;
; AMD MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS
; SOFTWARE.  IN NO EVENT SHALL AMD BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
; DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR
; USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
;
; So that all may benefit from your experience, please report  any  problems
; or  suggestions about this software to the 29K Technical Support Center at
; 800-29-29-AMD (800-292-9263) in the USA, or 0800-89-1131  in  the  UK,  or
; 0031-11-1129 in Japan, toll free.  The direct dial number is 512-462-4118.
;
; Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
; 29K Support Products
; Mail Stop 573
; 5900 E. Ben White Blvd.
; Austin, TX 78741
; 800-292-9263
;
;  /* $Id: crt0.S,v 1.2 2001-09-27 11:59:42 chris Exp $ */
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

        .file   "crt0.s"

; crt0.s version 3.3-0
;
; This module gets control from the OS.
; It saves away the Am29027 Mode register settings and
; then sets up the pointers to the resident spill and fill
; trap handlers. It then establishes argv and argc for passing
; to main. It then calls _main. If main returns, it calls _exit.
;
;       void = start( );
;       NOTE - not C callable (no lead underscore)
;
        .include        "sysmac.h"
;
;
        .extern V_SPILL, V_FILL
;       .comm   __29027Mode, 8  ; A shadow of the mode register
        .comm   __LibInit, 4

        .text
        .extern _main, _exit, _atexit

        .word   0                        ; Terminating tag word
        .global start
start:
        sub     gr1, gr1, 6 * 4
        asgeu   V_SPILL, gr1, rab       ; better not ever happen
        add     lr1, gr1, 6 * 4

;
; Save the initial value of the Am29027's Mode register
;
; If your system does not enter crt0 with value for Am29027's Mode 
; register in gr96 and gr97, and also the coprocessor is active 
; uncomment the next 4 instructions.
;
;       const   gr96, 0xfc00820
;       consth  gr96, 0xfc00820
;       const   gr97, 0x1375
;       store   1, 3, gr96, gr97
;
;       const   gr98, __29027Mode
;       consth  gr98, __29027Mode
;       store   0, 0, gr96, gr98
;       add     gr98, gr98, 4
;       store   0, 0, gr97, gr98
;
; Now call the system to setup the spill and fill trap handlers
;
        const   lr3, spill
        consth  lr3, spill
        const   lr2, V_SPILL
        syscall setvec
        const   lr3, fill
        consth  lr3, fill
        const   lr2, V_FILL
        syscall setvec

;
; atexit(_fini)
;
;        const   lr0, _atexit
;        consth  lr0, _atexit
;        const   lr2,__fini
;        calli   lr0,lr0
;        consth  lr2,__fini
;
; Now call _init
;
;        const   lr0, __init
;        consth  lr0, __init
;        calli   lr0,lr0
;        nop

;
; Get the argv base address and calculate argc.
;
        syscall getargs
        add     lr3, v0, 0              ; argv
        add     lr4, v0, 0
        constn  lr2, -1
argcloop:                               ; scan for NULL terminator
        load    0, 0, gr97, lr4
        add     lr4, lr4, 4
        cpeq    gr97, gr97, 0
        jmpf    gr97, argcloop
        add     lr2, lr2, 1
;
; Now call LibInit, if there is one. To aid runtime libraries
; that need to do some startup initialization, we have created
; a bss variable called LibInit. If the library doesn't need
; any run-time initialization, the variable is still 0. If the
; library does need run-time initialization, the library will
; contain a definition like
; void (*_LibInit)(void) = LibInitFunction;
; The linker will match up our bss LibInit with this data LibInit
; and the variable will not be 0.  This results in the LibInit routine
; being called via the calli instruction below.
;
        const   lr0, __LibInit
        consth  lr0, __LibInit
        load    0, 0, lr0, lr0
        cpeq    gr96, lr0, 0
        jmpt    gr96, NoLibInit
        nop
        calli   lr0, lr0
        nop
NoLibInit:

;
; Call RAMInit to initialize the data memory.
; 
; The following code segment was used to create the two flavors of the 
; run-time initialization routines (crt0_1.o, and crt0_2.o) as described
; in the User's Manual.  If osboot is used to create a stand-alone
; application, or the call to RAMInit is made in the start-up routine, 
; then the following is not needed.
;
;       .ifdef ROM_LOAD
;       .extern RAMInit
;
;       const   lr0, RAMInit
;       consth  lr0, RAMInit
;       calli   gr96, lr0
;       nop
;       .else
;       nop
;       nop
;       nop
;       nop
;       .endif

;
; Uncomment the following .comm, if you ARE NOT using osboot as released
; with the High C 29K product, AND plan to use the romcoff utility to
; move code and/or data sections to ROM.
;
;       .comm   RAMInit, 4
; 
; Furthermore, if the above is uncommented, then use the following logic
; to call the RAMInit function, if needed.  
;
;       const   lr0, RAMInit
;       consth  lr0, RAMInit
;       load    0, 0, gr96, lr0
;       cpeq    gr96, gr96, 0           ; nothing there?
;       jmpt    gr96, endRAMInit        ; yes, nothing to init
;       nop
;       calli   gr96, lr0               ; no, then instruction found
;       nop                             ; execute function.
;


;
; call main, passing it 2 arguments. main( argc, argv )
;
        const   lr0, _main
        consth  lr0, _main
        calli   lr0, lr0
        nop
;
; call exit
;
        const   lr0, _exit
        consth  lr0, _exit
        calli   lr0, lr0
        add     lr2, gr96, 0
;
; Should never get here, but just in case
;
loop:
        syscall exit
        jmp     loop
        nop
        .sbttl  "Spill and Fill trap handlers"
        .eject
;
;       SPILL, FILL trap handlers
;
; Note that these Spill and Fill trap handlers allow the OS to
; assume that the only registers of use are between gr1 and rfb.
; Therefore, if the OS desires to, it may simply preserve from
; lr0 for (rfb-gr1)/4 registers when doing a context save.
;
;
; Here is the spill handler
;
; spill registers from [*gr1..*rab)
; and move rab downto where gr1 points
;
; rab must change before rfb for signals to work
;
; On entry:     rfb - rab = windowsize, gr1 < rab
; Near the end: rfb - rab > windowsize, gr1 == rab
; On exit:      rfb - rab = windowsize, gr1 == rab
;
        .global spill
spill:
        sub     tav, rab, gr1   ; tav = number of bytes to spill
        srl     tav, tav, 2     ; change byte count to word count
        sub     tav, tav, 1     ; make count zero based
        mtsr    CR, tav         ; set Count Remaining register
        sub     tav, rab, gr1
        sub     tav, rfb, tav   ; pull down free bound and save it in rab
        add     rab, gr1, 0     ; first pull down allocate bound
        storem  0, 0, lr0, tav  ; store lr0..lr(tav) into rfb
        jmpi    tpc             ; return...
        add     rfb, tav, 0
;
; Here is the fill handler
;
; fill registers from [*rfb..*lr1)
; and move rfb upto where lr1 points.
;
; rab must change before rfb for signals to work
;
; On entry:     rfb - rab = windowsize, lr1 > rfb
; Near the end: rfb - rab < windowsize, lr1 == rab + windowsize
; On exit:      rfb - rab = windowsize, lr1 == rfb
;
        .global fill
fill:
        const   tav, 0x80 << 2
        or      tav, tav, rfb   ; tav = ((rfb>>2) | 0x80)<<2 == [rfb]<<2
        mtsr    IPA, tav        ; ipa = [rfb]<<2 == 1st reg to fill
                                ; gr0 is now the first reg to fill
        sub     tav, lr1, rfb   ; tav = number of bytes to fill
        add     rab, rab, tav   ; push up allocate bound
        srl     tav, tav, 2     ; change byte count to word count
        sub     tav, tav, 1     ; make count zero based
        mtsr    CR, tav         ; set Count Remaining register
        loadm   0, 0, gr0, rfb  ; load registers
        jmpi    tpc             ; return...
        add     rfb, lr1, 0     ; ... first pushing up free bound

;
; The __init function
;
;        .sect   .init,text
;        .use .init
;        .global __init
;__init:
;        sub     gr1,gr1,16
;        asgeu   V_SPILL,gr1,gr126
;        add     lr1,gr1,24
;
;
; The __fini function
;
;        .sect   .fini,text
;        .use .fini
;        .global __fini
;__fini:
;        sub     gr1,gr1,16
;        asgeu   V_SPILL,gr1,gr126
;        add     lr1,gr1,24
;
        .end